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Being exposed to traumatic experiences is rather common in patients with schizophrenia. Adverse experiences may induce the onset of psychotic symptoms or trigger current symptoms to be exacerbated. Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) is an effective therapy in the treatment of incidences with underlying traumatic experiences, thereby it can be conducted on various cases in addition to other treatments such as psycho-medication or another therapy method. Although desensitization is widely applied on patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, it is unusual for EMDR therapy to be safely and effectively performed in the treatment of psychotic disorders or symptoms. In the present case study, EMDR treatment process and course of psychiatric state in a patient with history of childhood abuse and forced psychiatric residency will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in university students and the relationship of their anger level and anger expression with body image and eating attitude. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,000 students from Cumhuriyet University were included in this study. The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) and a sociodemographic data form were given to the students at their first interview. Those with a LSAS score of 30 or more were invited to do a second interview. Psychiatric interviews were then conducted on these students. An Eating Attitude Test (EAT), a Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), and a State-Trait Anger Expression Scale (STAXS) were performed on students with a SAD diagnosis (n=87) and a control group (n=87) at the final stage. Results: The prevalence of SAD was found to be at 9.4% in the participants. Trait anger, anger in, and anger out scores were found to be significantly higher in the SAD group than the control group. On the other hand, anger control and MBSRQ scores were significantly lower in the SAD group. A decrease was observed in MBSRQ score and the EAT score increased as the anger in score increased in students with SAD. Conclusion: SAD is a common disorder in university students. This study has demonstrated that depressed anger may affect body image and eating attitude negatively in those with SAD. Approaches for the development of appropriate anger expressions are necessary for SAD treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation / Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi is the property of Turkish Society of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty / Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Harran University Medical Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: In recent studies, it has been suggested that there is a relationship between migraine headaches and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The PTSD has not been diagnosed by a clinician in these studies; the evaluation has been carried out by the screening scales. Besides, it has also been asserted that there was relationship of alexithymia with migraine and other chronic painful disorders. In this study, our aim was to investigate the prevalence of clinically-diagnosed PTSD and alexithymic features among migraine patients. Methods: Sixty consecutive migraine patients sent from neurology clinic and 60 healthy controls having similar features constituted the sample of this study. SCID-I/CV PTSD module and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) was administered to the sample. The subjects also filled in the socio-demographic data form and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). The level of pain perceived by the migraine patients was evaluated using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: 17 subjects (28%) in the migraine group and 5 individuals (8.3%) in the control group were diagnosed with PTSD. Hence, PTSD was found to be statistically significantly higher in the migraine group. 25 persons in the migraine group (41.6%) and 12 in the control group (20%) scored above the TAS cutoff score in terms of alexithymic features. Alexithymia was found to be statistically significantly higher in the migraine group). In the migraine group, VAS scores of the ones with PTSD were statistically significantly higher compared to that in ones without PTSD. 94% of the persons diagnosed with PTSD in the migraine group reported that their migraine headaches started after a traumatic experience. In the migraine group, no statistically significant correlation was detected between CAPS and VAS scores in subjects with PTSD. Conclusion: In migraine patients, PTSD and alexithymic features have been found higher than in the healthy controls. Further studies are needed to search whether the practices aimed at treating the PTSD and alexithymic features can contribute to the treatment of migraine headaches or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In recent studies, it has been suggested that there is a relationship between migraine headaches and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The PTSD has not been diagnosed by a clinician in these studies; the evaluation has been carried out by the screening scales. Besides, it has also been asserted that there was relationship of alexithymia with migraine and other chronic painful disorders. In this study, our aim was to investigate the prevalence of clinically-diagnosed PTSD and alexithymic features among migraine patients. Methods: Sixty consecutive migraine patients sent from neurology clinic and 60 healthy controls having similar features constituted the sample of this study. SCID-I/CV PTSD module and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) was administered to the sample. The subjects also filled in the socio-demographic data form and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). The level of pain perceived by the migraine patients was evaluated using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: 17 subjects (28%) in the migraine group and 5 individuals (8.3%) in the control group were diagnosed with PTSD. Hence, PTSD was found to be statistically significantly higher in the migraine group. 25 persons in the migraine group (41.6%) and 12 in the control group (20%) scored above the TAS cutoff score in terms of alexithymic features. Alexithymia was found to be statistically significantly higher in the migraine group). In the migraine group, VAS scores of the ones with PTSD were statistically significantly higher compared to that in ones without PTSD. 94% of the persons diagnosed with PTSD in the migraine group reported that their migraine headaches started after a traumatic experience. In the migraine group, no statistically significant correlation was detected between CAPS and VAS scores in subjects with PTSD. Conclusion: In migraine patients, PTSD and alexithymic features have been found higher than in the healthy controls. Further studies are needed to search whether the practices aimed at treating the PTSD and alexithymic features can contribute to the treatment of migraine headaches or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) in the Sivas province, and to identify the sociodemographic characteristics and co-morbid axis-I and axis-II diagnoses in EDs. Method: 1122 people between 18-44 years of age were enrolled in the study after completing the eating attitude test (EAT), and people who had points around the cut-off score had clinical interviews. The control group included subjects that were age- and sex-matched with the ED group, were not diagnosed with an ED, and had an EAT score <30. In order to determine the following as axis I or axis II, SCID-I (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I Disorders) and SCID-II (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders) were performed on both the eating disorder and control groups. Results: As a result of the scanning done with EAT, we observed that 5.25% of this population might have an eating behavior disorder. The prevalence of the eating disorders was found to be 1.52% by the structured clinical interview in the second step of the study. While the prevalence of bulimia nervosa was determined to be 0.63%, that of binge eating disorder was 0.81%. The diagnosis of ED is common and statistically significant among women (88.2%). According to the study, persons diagnosed with ED were more likely to have a moderate income as compared with those who were not diagnosed with an ED. Also, people with ED had been exposed to more traumas, and it was more likely that someone in their family had a psychiatric diagnosis. Among the patient group, the axis I and axis II co-morbidity rates were significantly higher than those of the control group. 47% (8/17) of the patients were determined to have a co-morbid axis I diagnosis. The most frequently diagnosed co-morbidity was major depressive disorder. 41% of the patients were determined to have an axis II diagnosis. The most common rate of diagnosis was 11.8% for both obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the point prevalence rate for EDs among all the participants was 1.52%, with binge eating disorder being the most prevalent ED. Psychiatric co-morbidity is common in patients with eating disorders. An ED is a disease that can be seen in different age groups and socioeconomic levels. Studies with larger samples, including different regions of the country and different age groups, and with diagnoses that have been confirmed by clinical interviews, are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a nonarticular rheumatic disease with unknown etiology and is characterized by widespread pain, increased tenderness in some anatomical regions, increased pain sensitivity, sleep disorders, fatigue and frequently by psychological distress. Though many approaches have been tried there is no effective treatment for FMS. The relationship between FMS and psychiatric disorders is known, recently some researches point to the frequency of psychological trauma in patients with FMS. The search for treatment for chronic painful conditions has more and more focused to psychotherapeutic approaches. In this study, seven patients diagnosed were attempted to be treated with EMDR approach. Methods: 22-41years aged six women and one man diagnosed with FMS were admitted to the study. Before and after the treatment tender point count was identified and patients scored their pain levels at Visuel Analog Scale. Patients filled in Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), The Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS). If the patients have reported, trauma was focused on, if they have not reported any trauma, pain was focused. Five-eight sessions of EMDR was applied to the patients. Results: After the treatment, there were statistically significant reduction in patient reported VAS, PSQI, FIQ, PDS, and BDI scores. There was signify-cant decrease in tender point counts. Though there was no change in trait anger, anger-in and anger-out subscores of STAS, the increase in anger management subscore was significant. After the treatment, none of the patients met the FMS criteria but one patient (6th patient). Conclusion: EMDR therapy was effective in the treatment of these patients with FMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the adult ADHD prevalence in Sivas province, to identify sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid axis-I and axis-II diagnoses in adults with ADHD. Methods: ASRS was administered to 901 subjects between 18-44 years of age and Childhood and Adulthood Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity module of MINI Plus 5.0.0 was administered to 28 out of 34 subjects who had ASRS scores above cutoff point and who accepted clinical interview. SCID-I and SCID-II were used to evaluate co-morbid axis-I and axis-II diagnoses in subjects with ADHD. Findings: Screening with ASRS revealed a prevalence rate of 3.8% which dropped to 2.7% with the structured clinical interview. Adult ADHD was found to be higher (83.3%) in women in this sample which was statistically significant. Subjects with ADHD had lower employ-ment status, more frequent job changes, medium level of income, more suicide attempts, more cigarette con-sumption, more psychiatric diagnoses on behalf of themselves and in their parents and more reported psychiatric need when compared to subjects without ADHD. 83% of the subjects with ADHD (n=20) had comorbid axis I diag-noses. Most common comorbid diagnoses were obsessive compulsive disorder, major depression and dysthymic disorder, each of which were 20.8%. 33.3% of the patients didn't have any axis II diagnoses. Most common axis II diagnoses were obsessive compulsive personality disorder (25%)and passive aggressive personality disorder (25%). Discussion: In conclusion, the main clinical implication of this study is that ADHD is a persistent diagnosis in adulthood. Given the high prevalence of adult ADHD and its high comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, ADHD should be considered as a possible comorbid diagnosis for many patients in adult psychiatry clinics, especially for those who show continued impairment despite appropriate treatment or the presenting disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]