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184 results on '"KARABATSOS N"'

12. O'Nyong-Nyong Fever in South-Central Uganda, 1996--1997: Clinical Features and Validation of a Clinical Case Definition for Surveillance Purposes

Author

Kiwanuka, N., primary, Sanders, E. J., additional, Rwaguma, E. B., additional, Kawamata, J., additional, Ssengooba, F. P., additional, Najjemba, R., additional, Were, W. A., additional, Lamunu, M., additional, Bagambisa, G., additional, Burkot, T. R., additional, Dunster, L., additional, Lutwama, J. J., additional, Martin, D. A., additional, Cropp, C. B., additional, Karabatsos, N., additional, Lanciotti, R. S., additional, Tsai, T. F., additional, and Campbell, G. L., additional

Published
1999
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14. Japanese encephalitis vaccine (inactivated, BIKEN) in U.S. soldiers: immunogenicity and safety of vaccine administered in two dosing regimens.

Author

Defraites, R F, primary, Tirrell, S, additional, Shope, R E, additional, Sanchez, J L, additional, Hoke, C H, additional, Takagi, M, additional, Tsai, T F, additional, Karabatsos, N, additional, Withers, B G, additional, Meschievitz, C K, additional, Yoshida, I, additional, and Gambel, J M, additional

Published
1999
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23. Electron microscopy and antigenic studies of uncharacterized viruses. I. Evidence suggesting the placement of viruses in families Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, or Poxviridae.

Author

Zeller, H., Karabatsos, N., Calisher, Ch., Digoutte, J., Murphy, F., and Shope, R.

Abstract

During approximately 35 years, investigators in various laboratories studying arbovirus ecology and epidemiology accumulated many virus isolates, more than 60 of which were not characterized or placed in taxa. By a combination of electron microscopic and antigenic studies we collected information sufficient to provisionally classify 60 isolates. Electron microscopic observations suggest that 20 are members of the virus family Bunyaviridae, 20 Rhabdoviridae, 14 Reoviridae, one Togaviridae, one Paramyxoviridae (Mapuera virus, from a bat), and one Poxviridae (Yoka virus, from mosquitoes). Serologic studies provided evidence sufficient to place some of these viruses in recognized antigenic groups, within families and genera, and to establish new antigenic groups and taxa for others. Three viruses were found to have morphologic and morphogenetic characteristics consistent with those of members of the family Arenaviridae: Quaranfil virus, a human pathogen, Johnston Atoll virus, isolated from birds and ticks, and Araguari virus, isolated from an opossum. This, the first in a series of three papers, described methods used for these investigations and also presents descriptions of viruses provisionally placed in the families Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, or Poxviridae. Descriptions of viruses provisionally placed in families Bunyaviridae and Reoviridae are published in the second and third papers, respectively. Viruses of the family Rhabdoviridae have been described separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1989
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26. Epidemiological features of and public health response to a St. Louis encephalitis epidemic in Florida, 1990–1

Author

*, P. J. MEEHAN, ‡, WELLS, D. L., PAUL, W., BUFF, E., LEWIS, A., MUTH, D., HOPKINS, R., KARABATSOS, N., and TSAI, T. F.

Abstract

A St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) epidemic in Florida during 25 weeks in 1990–1, resulted in 222 laboratory-diagnosed cases, an attack rate in the 28 affected counties of 2·25/100000. Disease risk rose with advanced age, to 17·14/100000 in persons over 80 years, and all 14 fatal cases were in persons over 55 years (median, 70 years). Community serosurveys in Indian River County, the epicenter of the outbreak (attack rate 21/100000), showed acute asymptomatic infections in 3·6% of the persons surveyed, with higher rates in persons with outdoor occupational exposure (7·4%) and in clients of a shelter for the indigent (13·3%). A matched case-control study found that evening outdoor exposure for more than 2 h was associated with an increased risk for acquiring illness (odds ratio [OR] 4·33, 95% CI 1·23–15·21) while a number of recommended personal protective measures were protective. Four SLE patients were dually infected with Highlands J virus, the first reported cases of acute infection with this alphavirus. The case-control study provided the first evidence that a public education campaign to reduce exposure had a protective effect against acquiring the disease.

Published
2000

29. Physical Properties and Antigenic Components of Oriboca Virus

Author

Karabatsos, N.

Abstract

Two complement fixation (CF) components were detected in all of the various preparations (mouse liver, brain, serum, and BHK-21 cell culture) of Oriboca examined by equilibrium density centrifugation. The CF components possessed a buoyant density of 1.21 and 1.18 g/ml, and they were precipitated by treatment with protamine. Analysis of Oriboca virus by rate zonal sedimentation separated three components. The most rapidly sedimenting component was the infectivity which cosedimented with a peak of hemagglutinating (HA) activity designated VHA. A second, more slowly sedimenting, noninfectious HA component (HA-2) was followed by a peak of CF activity which barely moved from the top of the gradient. The single rate zonal CF peak and the two density gradient CF components were broadly cross-reactive serologically with Murutucu antiserum. They could not be identified as Oriboca on the basis of their CF reactions with Murutucu and Oriboca antisera. Oriboca-infective virions possessed an equilibrium density of 1.20 g/ml if derived from BHK-21 cell culture fluid concentrates or mouse serum. Infective virions prepared from mouse brain or liver banded at a buoyant density of 1.17 to 1.18 g/ml. These density differences, along with observed differences in reactivity with protamine and in rate of neutralization, are consistent with the interpretation that these are related to the problem of whether the source preparations of Oriboca represented primarily intracellular or extracellular particles.

Published
1973
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30. Nariva Virus: Further Studies, with Particular Reference to Its Hemadsorption and Hemagglutinating Properties

Author

Karabatsos, N., Buckley, S. M., and Ardoin, P.

Abstract

Nariva virus induced syncytium formation in BHK-21 and Vero cultures. Such infected cultures showed positive hemadsorption for guinea pig red blood cells (RBC). A hemagglutinin for guinea pig RBC was extracted from infected Vero cells by sonication. The hemagglutinin did not act on 1-day chick or goose RBC, and it showed an enhancement in titer upon treatment with Tween-ether. The hemagglutination reaction was highly temperature-dependent, with optimal titers being obtained at 4° and no activity manifested at 37°. Serological studies by hemagglutination-inhibition and complement-fixation indicated no antigenic relation to the better known myxoviruses or to a number of other viruses. The nucleic acid component of Nariva virus is probably RNA.

Published
1969
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31. Antigenic relationships of group A arboviruses by plaque reduction neutralization testing

Author

Karabatsos N

Subjects
Antiserum, Immune Sera, Heterologous, Antibodies, Heterophile, Group A Arboviruses, Viral Plaque Assay, Biology, Cross Reactions, In Vitro Techniques, Group A, Virology, Neutralization, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Infectious Diseases, Plaque reduction neutralization test, Immune system, Antigen, Neutralization Tests, Animals, Ascitic Fluid, Parasitology, Epidemiologic Methods, Arboviruses
Abstract

Antigenic relationships of 20 group A arboviruses were assessed by the plaque reduction neutralization test, using highly specific hyperimmune mouse ascitic fluids and antisera. The existence of three complexes of group A viruses was verified. With rare exceptions, heterologous neutralization reactions were observed only among viruses in the same complex; however there were at least one or two immune reagents in each complex which were broadly cross-reactive within that complex.

Published
1975

32. POST-ENCEPHALITIC EPILEPSY AN ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS IN AN ISOLATED RAIN-FOREST AREA OF CENTRAL LIBERIA

Author

van der Waals, F. W., Asher, D. M., Goudsmit, J., Pomeroy, K. L., Karabatsos, N., Gajdusek, D. C., and Other departments

Abstract

Among a population of 4.436 Bassa, Kpelle and Mano people in the Gbawein and Wroughbarh Clan region of Grand Bassa Country, Liberia, 123 cases of epilepsy could be documented. In 38% of these cases infections involving the central nervous system precipitated the onset of seizures. Sera from 67 epilepsy patients, 50 direct healthy relatives and 22 geographically matched controls were tested for antibodies to 16 arboviruses of the Togaviridae and Bunyaviridae known to occur in Africa. Antibodies to arboviruses were found in 16.5% of the epilepsy patients, 36% of the mostly older family members, and in 22% of the controls. Males and females were equally affected as were the different clans and language groups. Although meningoencephalitis with sequelae, like seizures, are known to result from arbovirus infections, no evidence for a correlation between epilepsy in this are of Central Liberia and previous arbovirus infection could be established

Published
1986

35. A NEW MOUSE PARAMYXOVIRUS (J VIRUS).

Author

Jun, M.H., Karabatsos, N., and Johnson, R.H.

Abstract

Reports on the isolation of a paramyxovirus of mice, isolated in North Queensland. Isolation of the virus on four separate occasions from moribund wild mice by kidney autoculture; Comparison of the virus to parainfluenza III virus; Lack of evidence for a virus-associated or soluble hemagglutinin, or hemadsorbing properties, using standard techniques with erythrocytes from mouse, rat, guinea-pig, rabbit, chicken, goose, pig, sheep, cattle, horse or human Type O.

Published
1977
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