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Cancer therapy triggered by various cell death pathways has attracted widespread attention to improve therapeutic efficiency. Herein, an immunomodulatory polysaccharide (galactoxyloglucan) coated iron oxide nanoconjugate, with a diameter of about 10 nm, is made-up to intracellularly trigger the Fenton reaction and achieve cell death. The nanoconjugate based on iron oxide nanoparticles (PIONPs) exhibits excellent biocompatibility, stability and can be used as an imaging agent. Moreover, importantly it can effectively generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for tumor eradication with no systemic toxicity. In vitro and In vivo experiments reveal that the PIONPs can intratumorally accumulate and serves as an excellent MRI contrast agent.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are employed as MRI contrast agents and as effective drug delivery vehicles. However, the limited solubility and biodegradability of these nanoparticles need to be improved for safer biomedical applications. In an attempt to improve the bottlenecks associated with IONPs, the current study focuses on the synthesis of folic acid conjugated, galactoxyloglucan-iron oxide nanoparticles (FAPIONPs), for the loading and controlled release of the encapsulated chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX). The as-designed DOX@FAPIONPs induced a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity in folate receptor-positive cells through a caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathway while bare DOX demonstrated a non-targeted toxicity profile. Using LC-MS/MS analysis, several major biological processes altered in treated cells, from which, cell cycle, cellular function and maintenance were the most affected. Detailed toxicity studies in healthy mice indicated the absence of any major side effects while bare drugs created substantial organ pathology. Gadolinium-based contrast agents have a risk of adverse effects, including nephrogenic systemic fibrosis overcome by the administration of DOX@FAPIONPs in xenograft mice model. Tumor-targeted biodistribution pattern with a favorable DOX pharmacokinetics will be the driving factor behind the appealing tumor reduction capacity and increased survival benefits demonstrated on solid tumor-bearing mice.

The proposed research paper explore Haze Removal a specific aspect of digital image processing. Visual images are often adversely affected by haze arising out of natural atmospheric phenomena such as moisture, aerosols, dust etc. or human action-smoke from fires, industrial emissions etc. Apart from these atmospheric factors, image quality could also be impacted by the positioning of the camera. Degradation of image quality can seriously affect critical decision making andleadeven to serious accidents. Our focus is to examine, characterize and quantify the difference of a clear digital image from a hazeaffected one and also to improve haze-affected images. We consider color images as well as grey scale ones. We apply the Dark Channel prior method in conjunction with approxdcp algorithm of Imreduce.

Nanotechnology-based drug delivery research has largely focused on developing well efficient localized delivery therapeutic agents to overcome the limitations of non-specificity and toxicity of conventional chemotherapy. Herein, we constructed a nanoplatform based on a self-assembled polysaccharide-protein conjugate to deliver anti-tumor drug doxorubicin and gold nanoparticles (DOX@PST-BSA AuNPs) for cancer therapy. The self-assembled DOX@PST-BSA AuNPs exhibited higher stability and thermal properties which enable them for drug delivery via passive targeting. The fluorescent property of the drug contributes to the self-monitoring of NPs Biodistribution in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the NPs showed negligible cytotoxicity and tissue accumulation in normal cells in vivo. Importantly, the NPs could load the anti-tumor drug with high encapsulation efficiency and competently delivered into the tumor microenvironment thereby inhibit tumor growth significantly through apoptotic induction. Notably, DOX@PST-BSA AuNPs exhibits low systemic toxicity and very few side effects in vivo. Based on the explored features, these NPs could serve as a promising multifunctional drug delivery nanoplatform for cancer therapy.

A variety of naturally derived and synthetic biomaterial scaffolds have been investigated as 3D environments for supporting cell growth and can be used to achieve drug delivery with high loading efficiency. Polysaccharides which enhance the tumour-specific drug release are ideal candidates for scaffold preparation in combination with chemotherapeutic agents for the management of solid tumours by local applications. Galactoxyloglucan (PST001) based porous scaffolds (PS) were prepared by crosslinking and freeze drying with a porosity of 90%. FTIR showed the same functional groups as of PST001 with slight peak shifts and 1200% water absorption was observed. Comparing with PBS, macrophage mediated improved degradation up to 40% in 28 days was observed. The scaffold was relatively non toxic towards normal and cancer cells and there was no epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) observed. In vitro drug release profile of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded scaffold (PSD) showed higher release at acidic pH, apparent in tumour microenvironment, than normal physiological pH. In in vitro assays, cell viability was decreased confirming the drug release potential of the scaffold. DLA tumour was significantly reduced with PSD implantation. The excellent biodegradability of the PS overcome the limitations of non-biodegradable systems which support the sustained release of the drug and degrade after a specific time period. The local tumour reduction potential of the PSD embrace immense application in malignant solid tumour management.