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The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) will be a new scientific user facility that produces rare-isotope beams for experiments from the fragmentation of heavy ions at energies of 100–200 MeV/u. During the projectile fragmentation, the rare isotope of interest is produced along with many contaminants that need to be removed before the beam reaches detectors. At FRIB, this is accomplished with a magnetic projectile fragment separator. However, to achieve higher beam purity, in particular for proton-rich rare isotopes, additional purification is necessary. RadiaBeam in collaboration with Michigan State University (MSU) has designed a 20.125 MHz radiofrequency (RF) fragment separator capable of producing a 4 MV kick with 18 cm aperture in order to remove contaminant isotopes based on their time of flight. In this paper, we will discuss the RF and engineering design considerations of this separator cavity.

Present superconducting accelerators require a central refrigeration system and piping to distribute liquid helium and nitrogen. Stand-alone cryocooler-based systems are of significant interest both to scientific and industrial customers, as they allow applications at facilities where no cryogenic equipment and expertise exists, where it is undesirable to develop additional cryogenic systems, or where a mobile system that can be transported between beamlines or facilities is required. The technical challenge of this approach is to minimize the heat losses to the liquid helium so that commercially available, self-contained cryocoolers are able to handle the thermal load. This article presents an improved design for a stand-alone quarter-wave resonator (QWR) cryomodule based on commercially available cryocoolers. This cryomodule has a particular application in the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System intensity upgrade project, where it will house a 72.75 MHz QWR for beam energy adjustments to experimental areas, where no helium cryogenic systems exist. The described cryomodule may also be the critical part of a turnkey system with application to material processing, semiconductor manufacturing, food irradiation, and homeland security. The development of low-heat loss peripheral components reduces the cost and widens applicability of the system. We will discuss the cryomodule and RF coupler designs, including numerical thermal and structural analyses.

Quantum computers (QC), if realized, could disrupt many computationally intense fields of science. The building block element of a QC is a quantum bit (qubit). Qubits enable the use of quantum superposition and multi-state entanglement in QC calculations, allowing a QC to simultaneously perform millions of computations at once. However, quantum states stored in a qubit degrade with decreased quality factors and interactions with the environment. One technical solution to improve qubit lifetimes and network interactions is a circuit comprised of a Josephson junction-based qubit located inside of a high Q-factor superconducting 3D cavity.It is known that niobium resonators can reach $Q_{0}>10^{11}$Q0>1011. However, existing cavity geometries are optimized for particle acceleration rather than hosting qubits. RadiaBeam Technologies, in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory and The University of Chicago, has developed a niobium superconducting radio frequency quarter-wave resonant cavity (QWR) for quantum computation. A 6 GHz QWR was optimized to include tapering of the inner and outer conductors, a toroidal shape for the resonator shorting plane, and an inner conductor tip to reduce parasitic capacitance. In this paper, we present the results of the resonator design optimization, fabrication, processing, and testing.

Although linear accelerators are used in many security, industrial and medical applications, the existing technologies are too large and expensive for several critical applications such as radioactive source replacement, field radiography and mobile cargo scanners. One of the main requirements for these sources is to be highly portable to allow field operation. In response to this problem, RadiaBeam has designed a hand-portable 1 MeV X-ray source, scalable to higher energies, based on Ku-band split electron linac, that can be used for Ir-192 radioisotope replacement. In this paper, we present its multiphysics and engineering design studies, as well as an accelerating structure prototype along with RF measurements.

Measurements of longitudinal beam profile in non-relativistic hadron accelerators are usually performed with Bunch Shape Monitors that utilize secondary electron emission to reproduce the shape of a primary ion beam . The existing devices, however, have poor electron collection efficiency from the wire and are limited to one dimensional measurements of the phase coordinate. In this paper we present the performance improvements for a bunch shape monitor for proton beams used in the Spallation Neutron Source accelerator. These improvements were achieved by adding focusing optics between the wire and the entrance slit, which will also allow measurements over a much higher dynamic range. Here we present the design, simulation and experimental test results of the developed new electron beam guidance system for the existing SNS bunch shape monitor that allowed significant improvement in the collection efficiency.

Reciprocity is a fundamental physical principle that roots in the time‐reversal symmetry of physical laws. It allows making predictions on any arbitrary complex system's response and operation and hence simplifies the analysis. However, there are many practical situations in which it is advantageous to break reciprocity, e.g., isolators preventing wave scattering back to lasers and generators, full‐duplex systems for multiplexing transmission and receiving in the same channel, nonreciprocal cavity excitation, and protection of fragile states of superconductor quantum computers from thermal noise. The most widespread approach to time‐reversal symmetry breaking and nonreciprocity based on magnetic field biasing suffers from bulkiness, cost ineffectiveness, and loss, motivating researchers and engineers to search for more practical approaches. Herein, the up‐and‐coming advances in optical nonreciprocity, including new materials (Weyl semimetals, topological insulators, metasurfaces), active structures, time‐modulation, parity‐time (PT)‐symmetry breaking, nonlinearity combined with a structural asymmetry, quantum nonlinearity, unidirectional gain and loss, chiral quantum states and valley polarization are overviewed. A general description of nonreciprocal systems is provided and the pros and cons of the mentioned approaches to nonreciprocity are discussed.