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28 results on '"K. Shmakov"'

1. Analysis of the Thermal State of a Semifinished Product During Hot Die Forging

Author

S. A. Osipov, I. V. Kolmogortsev, A. K. Shmakov, and E. V. Ledovskikh

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Materials science, Metals and Alloys, Numerical modeling, Mechanical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Deformation (meteorology), Stamping, Condensed Matter Physics, Forging, Empirical assessment, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Product (mathematics), Metallic materials, Materials Chemistry, Thermal state
Abstract

Results are presented from the use of numerical modeling to perform an empirical assessment of the effect of the initial process parameters in hot die forging (the temperatures to which the deforming tools and semifinished product are heated) on the temperature field in the semifinished product during deformation. A series of numerical experiments is performed on the basis of the finite-elements method, the resulting data are analyzed, and relationships between the parameters are established and explained.

Published
2016
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2. Calculation of optimal parameters for multilayer structures of variable height for their manufacture by the method of superplastic forming and diffusion bonding

Author

A. V. Kolesnikov, A. K. Shmakov, and A. A. Cheslavskaya

Subjects
Variable (computer science), Materials science, Metallurgy, Aerospace Engineering, Titanium alloy, Superplasticity, Diffusion bonding
Abstract

The possibility of manufacturing multilayer structures of variable height from titanium alloys by the method of superplastic forming and diffusion bonding is considered. Structural and technological relations are presented for defining the rib parameters of the wedge-shaped three-sheet panel to meet the conditions of superplastic forming.

Published
2015
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3. Computer Modeling, Volume Prototyping, and Non-contact Optical Scanning in an Integrated Technology for Pre-production Casting. Trial Use

Author

I. V. Kolmogortsev, V. V. Kotov, A. K. Shmakov, E. I. Unagaev, and S. A. Osipov

Subjects
Engineering, Engineering drawing, business.industry, Virtual modeling, Metals and Alloys, Volume (computing), 3D printing, 3d scanning, Condensed Matter Physics, Optical scanning, 3d printer, Integrated technology, Mechanics of Materials, Casting (metalworking), Materials Chemistry, business
Abstract

This article describes the trial use of a new integrated technology for pre-production casting in sand-clay molds. Virtual modeling of the casting operation is performed, the casting is designed, and the casting regimes are determined. A master model of the casting is constructed with the use of 3D printing. Non-contact optical scanning is used to check the geometric characteristic of the plastic master model and the actual casting made from it.

Published
2014
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4. Research of surface quality of structural components made using additive technology of electric arc welding

Author

A K Shmakov, S A Osipov, and A E Balanovsky

Subjects
Cladding (metalworking), Electric arc, Materials science, law, Mechanical engineering, Arc welding, Welding, Metal transfer, law.invention
Abstract

A brief analysis of the existing methods of additive technologies with reference to the aviation industry is carried out. The prospects of this direction are shown taking into account the possibility of production of aircraft parts on the principle of “bottom-up”. The results of researches of additive technology of electric arc surfacing in carbon dioxide of complex parts are presented. In the course of the carried out studies technological peculiarities of the technology connected with the parameters of welding arc, melting of cladding wire have been found out. Arc current has the greatest influence on the appearance of the molding. The wire feed rate affects the height of the welded roll. It is shown that the stability of the welded rolls formation depends on the modes of metal transfer, which depend on the conditions of wire feeding and insertion into the melt bath.

Published
2019
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5. Use of superplastic deformation and diffusion welding to form a tee designed with a complex set of internal stiffening elements

Author

V. V. Kotov, K. K. Kirishina, A. K. Shmakov, and V. V. Mironenko

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Metals and Alloys, Process (computing), CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, DIFFUSION WELDING, Superplasticity, Structural engineering, Diffusion welding, Deformation (meteorology), Condensed Matter Physics, Stiffening, Set (abstract data type), PNEUMOTHERMAL FORMING OF SHEET PARTS, Mechanics of Materials, VACUUM WELDING, Metallic materials, Materials Chemistry, STIFFENING ELEMENTS, TUBE PARTS MADE FROM SHEETS, business, SUPERPLASTIC EFFECT, METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
Abstract

A method is described for making a tee designed with a complex set of internal stiffening elements. The article describes the main stages of the modern process of pneumothermal forming in the superplastic regime with the use of diffusion welding. The production of a tee by superplastic pneumothermal forming after diffusion welding is modeled and the calculated results are presented. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Published
2013

6. Effect of the average velocity of the free part of the semifinished product on the process of pneumothermal forming in the superplastic regime

Author

A. S. Stanislavchik, V. V. Mironenko, V. V. Kotov, A. K. Shmakov, and K. K. Kirishina

Subjects
TEMPERATURE-SPEED CONDITIONS FOR DEFORMATION, Materials science, Metallurgy, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, Process (computing), CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, Superplasticity, Mechanics, engineering.material, Deformation (meteorology), Condensed Matter Physics, PNEUMOTHERMAL FORMING OF DISK-SHAPED PARTS, SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS, Mechanics of Materials, DEFORMATION, Product (mathematics), Metallic materials, Materials Chemistry, engineering, CELLULAR PRODUCTS, AVERAGE VELOCITY, SUPERPLASTIC EFFECT, METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING, DEFORMATION RATES
Abstract

Results are presented from two experiments involving the pneumothermal forming of a cellular product of alloy OT4-1 in the superplastic regime. It was determined that the average velocity of the free part of the semifinished product must be taken into account when using a model in which the stresses depend directly on the deformation rate. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Published
2013

7. Cerenkov fiber sampling calorimeters

Author

Yu. Kamyshkov, C. Sanzeni, Yu. Efremenko, Kenneth Segall, K. Arrington, Lawrence Sulak, D. Kefford, J. P. Miller, A. Savin, Stephen T. Dye, R. Pisani, J. Kennedy, E. Tarkovsky, K. Shmakov, D. Winn, D. Wall, R. M. Carey, and W. A. Worstell

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optical fiber, business.industry, Particle accelerator, Electromagnetic radiation, Particle detector, Radiation length, law.invention, Core (optical fiber), Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fiber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Clear optical fibers were used as a Cerenkov sampling media in Pb (electromagnetic) and Cu (hadron) absorbers in spaghetti calorimeters, for high rate and high radiation dose experiments, such as the forward region of high energy colliders. The fiber axes were aligned close to the direction of the incident particles(1/spl deg/-7/spl deg/). The 7 /spl lambda/ deep hadron tower, contained 2.8% by volume 1.5 mm diameter core clear plastic fibers. The 27 radiation length deep electromagnetic towers had packing fractions of 6.8% and 7.2% of 1 mm diameter core quartz fibers as the active Cerenkov sampling medium. The energy resolution on electrons and pions, energy response, pulse shapes and angular studies are presented. >

Published
1994
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8. Investigation of antirelaxation coatings for alkali-metal vapor cells using surface science techniques

Author

Scott J. Seltzer, A. M. Hibberd, Steven L. Bernasek, A. Hexemer, S. K. Barber, Frank A. Narducci, Marcus H. Donaldson, D. F. Jackson Kimball, Alexander Pines, H. G. Robinson, Dmitry Budker, A. K. Shmakov, C. Jaye, Valeriy V. Yashchuk, Todor Karaulanov, Mikhail Balabas, Dmitriy L. Voronov, Sadiqali A. Rangwala, M.-A. Bouchiat, D. J. Michalak, and Bouchiat, Marie-Anne

Subjects
Materials science, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 010305 fluids & plasmas, Crystallinity, Coating, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Physics - Chemical Physics, Desorption, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Polarization (electrochemistry), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph), Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Spin polarization, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Chemical engineering, engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

Many technologies based on cells containing alkali-metal atomic vapor benefit from the use of anti-relaxation surface coatings in order to preserve atomic spin polarization. In particular, paraffin has been used for this purpose for several decades and has been demonstrated to allow an atom to experience up to 10,000 collisions with the walls of its container without depolarizing, but the details of its operation remain poorly understood. We apply modern surface and bulk techniques to the study of paraffin coatings, in order to characterize the properties that enable the effective preservation of alkali spin polarization. These methods include Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, atomic force microscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We also compare the light-induced atomic desorption yields of several different paraffin materials. Experimental results include the determination that crystallinity of the coating material is unnecessary, and the detection of C=C double bonds present within a particular class of effective paraffin coatings. Further study should lead to the development of more robust paraffin anti-relaxation coatings, as well as the design and synthesis of new classes of coating materials., 12 pages, 12 figures. Copyright 2010 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in the Journal of Chemical Physics and may be found at http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/133/144703

Published
2010

9. Calorimeter tests with liquid ionization chambers

Author

H.H. Mielke, H. Keim, E. Tarkovsky, D. Onoprienko, A. Malinin, A. Savin, M. Gettert, K. Shmakov, J. Engler, Yu. Kamyshkov, A. Arefiev, I. Vorobiev, and J. Knapp

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Monte Carlo method, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, Uranium, Calorimeter, Nuclear physics, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Ionization, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Instrumentation, Tetramethylsilane, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Configurations of sampling calorimeters with iron, lead and uranium as absorbers have been investigated using liquid ionization chambers as active elements. As liquid tetramethylsilane has been used. Results of beam tests with electrons, pions and muons in the energy range of 2 to 6 GeV are presented and compared with Monte Carlo simulations. In particular the questions regarding which configuration can compensate and the separation of sampling from intrinsic fluctuations have been studied.

Published
1992
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10. Signal damping of strongly ionizing particles in liquid ionization chambers

Author

K. Shmakov, H. Rebel, J. Knapp, H.H. Mielke, H. Keim, R. Supper, J. Engler, and H.J. Gils

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Electric field, Ionization, Ionizing particles, Stopping power (particle radiation), Particle, Atomic physics, Saturation (chemistry), Instrumentation, Signal, Ansatz
Abstract

The saturation of signals for strongly ionizing particles in liquid ionization chambers was measured for the liquid TMS. Tritons of 96 MeV were used which have a mean stopping power of about 21 MeV/gcm2 in the liquid. A deviation from the one parameter ansatz of Birks' law for the stopping power is found. Also a strong dependence on the angle of the particle track with respect to the electric field and slight dependence on the strength of the electric field is reported.

Published
1992
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11. A measurement of mixing in Z0 decays

Author

B. Adeva, O. Adriani, M. Aguilar-Benitez, H. Akbari, J. Alcaraz, A. Aloisio, G. Alverson, M.G. Alviggi, Q. An, H. Anderhub, A.L. Anderson, V.P. Andreev, T. Angelov, L. Antonov, D. Antreasyan, P. Arce, A. Arefiev, T. Azemoon, T. Aziz, P.V.K.S. Baba, P. Bagnaia, J.A. Bakken, L. Baksay, R.C. Ball, S. Banerjee, J. Bao, L. Barone, A. Bay, U. Becker, J. Behrens, S. Beingessner, Gy.L. Bencze, J. Berdugo, P. Berges, B. Bertucci, B.L. Betev, A. Biland, R. Bizzarri, J.J. Blaising, P. Blömeke, B. Blumenfeld, G.J. Bobbink, M. Bocciolini, W. Böhlen, A. Böhm, T. Böhringer, B. Borgia, D. Bourilkov, M. Bourquin, D. Boutigny, B. Bouwens, J.G. Branson, I.C. Brock, F. Bruyant, C. Buisson, A. Bujak, J.D. Burger, J.P. Burq, J. Busenitz, X.D. Cai, C. Camps, M. Capell, F. Carbonara, F. Carminati, A.M. Cartacci, M. Cerrada, F. Cesaroni, Y.H. Chang, U.K. Chaturvedi, M. Chemarin, A. Chen, C. Chen, G.M. Chen, H.F. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Chen, M.C. Chen, M.L. Chen, G. Chiefari, C.Y. Chien, F. Chollet, C. Civinini, I. Clare, R. Clare, H.O. Cohn, G. Coignet, N. Colino, V. Commichau, G. Conforto, A. Contin, F. Criins, X.Y. Cui, T.S. Dai, R. D'Alessandro, R. de Asmundis, A. Degré, K. Deiters, E. Dénes, P. Denes, F. DeNotaristefani, M. Dhina, D. DiBitonto, M. Diemoz, F. Diez-Hedo, H.R. Dimitrov, C. Dionisi, F. Dittus, R. Dolin, E. Drago, T. Driever, D. Duchesneau, P. Duinker, I. Duran, H. El Mamouni, A. Engler, F.J. Eppling, F.C. Erné, P. Extermann, R. Fabbretti, G. Faber, S. Falciano, Q. Fan, S.J. Fan, M. Fabre, O. Fackler, J. Fay, J. Fehlmann, H. Fenker, T. Ferguson, G. Fernandez, F. Ferroni, H. Fesefeldt, J. Field, F. Filthaut, G. Finocchiaro, P.H. Fisher, G. Forconi, T. Foreman, K. Freudenreich, W. Friebel, M. Fukushima, M. Gailloud, Yu. Galaktionov, E. Gallo, S.N. Ganguli, P. Garcia-Abia, S.S. Gau, S. Gentile, M. Glaubman, S. Goldfarb, Z.F. Gong, E. Gonzalez, A. Gordeev, P. Göttlicher, D. Goujon, G. Gratta, C. Grinnell, M. Gruenewald, M. Guanziroli, A. Gurtu, H.R. Gustafson, L.J. Gutay, H. Haan, S. Hancke, K. Hangarter, M. Harris, A. Hasan, D. Hauschildt, C.F. He, T. Hebbeker, M. Hebert, G. Herten, U. Herten, A. Hervé, K. Hilgers, H. Hofer, H. Hoorani, L.S. Hsu, G. Hu, G.Q. Hu, B. Ille, M.M. Ilyas, V. Innocente, E. Isiksal, E. Jagel, B.N. Jin, L.W. Jones, R.A. Khan, Yu. Kamyshkov, Y. Karyotakis, M. Kaur, S. Khokhar, V. Khoze, M.-N. Kienzle, W. Kinnison, D. Kirkby, W. Kittel, A. Klimentov, A.C. König, O. Kornadt, V. Koutsenko, R.W. Kraemer, T. Kramer, V.R. Krastev, W. Krenz, J. Krizmanic, A. Kuhn, K.S. Kumar, V. Kumar, A. Kunin, A. van Laak, V. Lalieu, G. Landi, K. Lanius, D. Lanske, S. Lanzano, P. Lebrun, P. Lecomte, P. Lecoq, P. Le Coultre, D. Lee, I. Leedom, J.M. Le Goff, L. Leistam, R. Leiste, M. Lenti, J. Lettry, P.M. Levchenko, X. Leytens, C. Li, H.T. Li, J.F. Li, L. Li, P.J. Li, Q. Li, X.G. Li, J.Y. Liao, Z.Y. Lin, F.L. Linde, D. Linnhofer, R. Liu, Y. Liu, W. Lohmann, S. Lökös, E. Longo, Y.S. Lu, J.M. Lubbers, K. Lübelsmeyer, C. Luci, D. Luckey, L. Ludovici, X. Lue, L. Luminari, W.G. Ma, M. MacDermott, R. Magahiz, M. Maire, P.K. Malhotra, R. Malik, A. Malinin, C. Maña, D.N. Mao, Y.F. Mao, M. Maolinbay, P. Marchesini, A. Marchionni, J.P. Martin, L. Martinez, F. Marzano, G.G.G. Massaro, T. Matsuda, K. Mazumdar, P. McBride, T. McMahon, D. McNally, Th. Meinholz, M. Merk, L. Merola, M. Meschini, W.J. Metzger, Y. Mi, M. Micke, U. Micke, G.B. Mills, Y. Mir, G. Mirabelli, J. Mnich, M. Möller, B. Monteleoni, G. Morand, R. Morand, S. Morganti, V. Morgunov, R. Mount, E. Nagy, M. Napolitano, H. Newman, M.A. Niaz, L. Niessen, D. Pandoulas, F. Plasil, G. Passaleva, G. Paternoster, S. Patricelli, Y.J. Pei, D. Perret-Gallix, J. Perrier, A. Pevsner, M. Pieri, P.A. Piroué, V. Plyaskin, M. Pohl, V. Pojidaev, N. Produit, J.M. Qian, K.N. Qureshi, R. Raghavan, G. Rahal-Callot, P. Razis, K. Read, D. Ren, Z. Ren, S. Reucroft, O. Rind, C. Rippich, H.A. Rizvi, B.P. Roe, M. Röhner, S. Röhner, U. Roeser, Th. Rombach, L. Romero, J. Rose, S. Rosier-Lees, R. Rosmalen, Ph. Rosselet, J.A. Rubio, W. Ruckstuhl, H. Rykaczewski, M. Sachwitz, J. Salicio, J.M. Salicio, G. Sanders, G. Sartorelli, G. Sauvage, A. Savin, V. Schegelsky, D. Schmitz, P. Schmitz, M. Schneegans, M. Schöntag, H. Schopper, D.J. Schotanus, H.J. Schreiber, R. Schulte, S. Schulte, K. Schultze, J. Schütte, J. Schwenke, G. Schwering, C. Sciacca, I. Scott, R. Sehgal, P.G. Seiler, J.C. Sens, I. Sheer, V. Shevchenko, S. Shevchenko, X.R. Shi, K. Shmakov, V. Shoutko, E. Shumilov, N. Smirnov, A. Sopczak, C. Spartiotis, T. Spickermann, B. Spiess, P. Spillantini, R. Starosta, M. Steuer, D.P. Stickland, W. Stoeffl, B. Stöhr, H. Stone, K. Strauch, B.C. Stringfellow, K. Sudhakar, G. Sultanov, R.L. Sumner, L.Z. Sun, H. Suter, R.B. Sutton, J.D. Swain, A.A. Syed, A.A. Tang, E. Tarkovsky, L. Taylor, E. Thomas, C. Timmermans, Samuel C.C. Ting, S.M. Ting, Y.P. Tong, F. Tonisch, M. Tonutti, S.C. Tonwar, J. Tòth, G. Trowitzsch, K.L. Tung, J. Ulbricht, L. Urbàn, U. Uwer, E. Valente, R.T. Van de Walle, H. van der Graaf, I. Vetlitsky, G. Viertel, P. Vikas, U. Vikas, M. Vivargent, H. Vogel, H. Vogt, M. Vollmar, G. Von Dardel, I. Vorobiev, A.A. Vorobyov, An.A. Vorobyov, L. Vuilleumier, M. Wadhwa, W. Wallraff, C.R. Wang, G.H. Wang, J.H. Wang, Q.F. Wang, X.L. Wang, Y.F. Wang, Z. Wang, Z.M. Wang, J. Weber, R. Weill, T.J. Wenaus, J. Wenninger, M. White, R. Wilhelm, C. Willmott, F. Wittgenstein, D. Wright, R.J. Wu, S.L. Wu, S.X. Wu, Y.G. Wu, B. Wysłouch, Y.D. Xu, Z.Z. Xu, Z.L. Xue, D.S. Yan, B.Z. Yang, C.G. Yang, G. Yang, K.S. Yang, Q.Y. Yang, Z.Q. Yang, C.H. Ye, J.B. Ye, Q. Ye, S.C. Yeh, Z.W. Yin, J.M. You, M. Yzerman, C. Zaccardelli, L. Zehnder, M. Zeng, Y. Zeng, D. Zhang, D.H. Zhang, Z.P. Zhang, J.F. Zhou, R.Y. Zhu, H.L. Zhuang, and A. Zichichi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electron–positron annihilation, 0103 physical sciences, Hadron, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Mixing (physics)
Abstract

We have observed B0-B0 mixing in Z0→bb decays using hadronic events containing dileptons. The data sample corresponds to 118 200 hadron events at √s≈Mz. From a fit to the dilepton p and p⊥ spectra, we determine the mixing parameter to be χB=0.178-0.040 +0.049. © 1990.

Published
1990
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12. The construction of the L3 experiment

Author

B. Adeva, M. Aguilar-Benitez, H. Akbari, J. Alcaraz, A. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Taviel, G. Alverson, M.G. Alviggi, H. Anderhub, A.L. Anderson, A.M. Angelov, T.H. Angelov, G.H. Antchev, L. Antonov, D. Antreasyan, A. Arefiev, I.H. Atanasov, B. Auroy, R. Ayad, O.L. Ayranov, T. Azemoon, T. Aziz, U. Bachmann, P. Bähler, J.A. Bakken, L. Baksay, H. Baldinger, R.C. Ball, J. Ballansat, S. Banerjee, J. Bao, G. Barbier, L. Barone, G. Basti, A. Bay, F. Beauvais, U. Becker, R. Beissel, S. Bendig, P. Béné, J. Berdugo, P. Berges, M. Berthet, Y. Bertsch, B.L. Betev, A. Biland, A. Bischoff, M. Bischops, R. Bizzarri, J.J. Blaising, M. Blanc, P. Blömeke, B. Blumenfeld, G.J. Bobbink, M. Bocciolini, K.D. Boffin, W. Bohlen, A. Böhm, T. Böhringer, H. Bonnefon, C. Bopp, B. Borgia, K. Bosseler, J.F. Bottolier, M. Bourquin, D. Boutigny, P. Bowditch, J.G. Branson, D. Braun, I.C. Brock, F. Bruyant, M. Buchholz, B. Bücken, W. Bulgeroni, R. Burel, J.D. Burger, C. Burgos, J.P. Burq, L. Caiazzo, M. Caillat, B. Camberlin, D. Campana, C. Camps, V. Canale, M. Capell, F. Carbonara, F. Carminati, A.M. Cartacci, M. Cerrada, F. Cesaroni, Y.H. Chang, J.W. Chapman, M. Chemarin, A. Chen, C. Chen, H.F. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Chen, M.L. Chen, S.R. Chendvankar, G. Chevenier, S. Chidzik, G. Chiefari, C.Y. Chien, F. Chollet, M. Chumakov, C. Civinini, I. Clare, R. Clare, G. Coignet, N. Colino, V. Commichau, G. Conforto, P. Cristofori, F. Crijns, X.Y. Cui, T.S. Dai, R. D'Alessandro, M. Daniel, X. De Bouard, B. Debye, G. Decreuse, A. Degré, K. Deiters, E. Dénes, P. Denes, F. DeNotaristefani, M. Deutschmann, M. Dhina, B. Didierjean, M. Diemoz, M. Dietrich, H.A. Dimitrov, C. Dionisi, F. Dittus, M. Dohmen, R. Dolin, J.F. Donahue, A. Donat, E. Drago, K.H. Dreger, T. Driever, G. Dromby, P. Duinker, I. Duran, M. Elkacimi, H. Elmamouni, A. Engler, F.J. Eppling, F.C. Erné, I. Erne, H. Esser, P. Extermann, R. Fabbretti, G. Faber, S. Falciano, T. Falk, S.J. Fan, M. Favre, J. Fay, S. Fehér, J. Fehlmann, M. Feldmann, H. Fenker, T. Ferguson, M. Fernandez, F. Ferroni, H. Fesefeldt, J. Field, J.M. Figarola, C.F. Figueroa, G.A. Filipov, B. Foligné, G. Forconi, T. Foreman, V. Franzke, W. Frei, K. Freudenreich, W. Friebel, M. Fukushima, G. Gaillard, M. Gailloud, Yu. Galaktionov, E. Gallo, S.N. Ganguli, D. Garelick, S.S. Gau, G. Gavrilov, E. Gennari, S. Gentile, M. Gettner, C. Girard, M. Glaubman, S. Goldfarb, Z.F. Gong, E. Gonzalez, A. Gordeev, Yu. Gorodkov, P. Göttlicher, C. Goy, M. Goyot, G. Gratta, A. Grimes, C. Grinnell, M. Gruenewald, M. Guanziroli, S. Guerra, C. Guillon, A. Gurtu, D. Güsewell, H.R. Gustafson, M. Haensli, M. Haan, C. Haller, T. Hamacher, H. Hammers, K. Hangarter, S. Hancke, M. Harris, D. Harting, F.G. Hartjes, C.F. He, A. Heavey, T. Hebbeker, M. Hebert, R. Heller, Ch. Helmrath, J. Herrmann, G. Herten, U. Herten, A. Hervé, H. Hesser, G. Hilgers, K. Hilgers, H. Hofer, M. Hofer, T. Hofer, F. Hoffmann, U. Horisberger, I. Horvath, L.S. Hsu, G.Q. Hu, B. Ille, M.M. Ilyas, G. Improta, V. Innocente, E. Isiksal, E. Jagel, B.N. Jin, L.W. Jones, M. Jongmanns, H. Jung, P. Kaaret, O. Kaelin, W. Kaestli, Yu. Kamyshkov, D. Kaplan, W. Karpinski, Y. Karyotakis, W. Kertzer, V. Khoze, G. Kirchhoff, W. Kittel, A. Klimentov, P.F. Klok, M. Kollek, M. Koller, A.C. König, O. Kornadt, V. Koutsenko, R.W. Kraemer, V.R. Krastev, A. Kratel, W. Krenz, A. Kuhn, A. Kunin, S. Kwan, J. Lacotte, M. LaMarra, G. Landi, W. Lange, K. Lanius, D. Lanske, S. Lanzano, J.M. Le Goff, J.C. Le Marec, D. Lea, M. Lebeau, P. Lebrun, P. Lecomte, J. Lecoq, P. Le Coultre, I. Leedom, A. Léger, F. Lehmann, L. Leistam, R. Leiste, E. Lejeune, B. Leoni, J. Lettry, X. Leytens, C. Li, H.T. Li, L. Li, P.J. Li, X.G. Li, J.Y. Liao, Z.Y. Lin, F.L. Linde, D. Linnhöfer, E. Loftin, W. Lohmann, S. Lökös, E. Longo, Y.S. Lu, J.M. Lubbers, K. Lübelsmeyer, C. Luci, D. Luckey, X. Lue, L. Luminari, G. Lunadei, F. Lürken, H. Ma, W.G. Ma, M. MacDermott, N. Madjar, R. Magahiz, M. Maire, P.K. Malhotra, A. Malinin, C. Mana, F. Manna, G. Manto, Y.F. Mao, M. Maolinbay, P. Marchesini, A. Marchionni, M. Markwalder, P. Marsden, J.P. Martin, L. Martinez, H.U. Martyn, F. Marzano, V. Marzullo, F. Masciocchi, G.G.G. Massaro, L. Massonnet, T. Matsuda, G. Maurelli, K. Mazumdar, P. McBride, G. Medici, H. Meier, Th. Meinholz, M. Merk, R. Mermod, L. Merola, M. Meschini, W.J. Metzger, M. Micke, U. Micke, G.B. Mills, J. Mnich, M. Moeller, A. Molinero, L. Montanet, B. Monteleoni, R. Montino, G. Morand, R. Morand, S. Morganti, V. Morgunov, R. Mount, M. Moynot, P. Mugnier, W. Nägeli, E. Nagy, M. Napolitano, S. Neboux, H. Newman, Ch. Neyer, K. Nguyen, L. Niessen, A. Nikitin, W.D. Nowak, M. Okle, P. Olmos, J. Onvlee, D. Osborne, J. Ossmann, D. Pandoulas, H. Paprotny, A. Parmentola, G. Passeggio, G. Paternoster, S. Patricelli, Y.J. Pei, Y. Peng, D. Perret-Gallix, J. Perrier, E. Perrin, G. Perrot, P. Petitpas, P. Petschner, A. Pevsner, J. Pier-Amory, M. Pieri, G. Pierschel, P.A. Piroué, V. Plyaskin, M. Pohl, V. Pojidaev, C.L.A. Pols, T. Ponomareff, J. Potyka, N. Produit, P. Prokofiev, F. Pruja, G. Pütz, J.M. Qian, R. Raghavan, P. Razis, K. Read, P. Reddick, K. Reissmann, D. Ren, S. Reucroft, D. Rey, M. Reynaud, X. Ricadonna, J-P. Richeux, C. Rippich, U. Rinsche, R. Rocco, S. Rodriguez, B.P. Roe, M. Röhner, S. Röhner, Th. Rombach, L. Romero, J. Rose, U. Röser, S. Rosier-Lees, J.A. Rubio, W. Ruckstuhl, H. Rykaczewski, P. Sahuc, J. Salicio, S. Saran, G. Sauvage, A. Savin, T. Schaad, B. Schafheitle, V. Schegelsky, A. Schetkovsky, F. Schild, R. Schillsott, P. Schmitt, D. Schmitz, P. Schmitz, M. Schneegans, M. Schneider, E. Schneevogt, M. Schöntag, D.J. Schotanus, H. Schuijlenburg, R. Schulte, A.Schultz Von Dratzig, K. Schultze, J. Schwenke, G. Schwering, C. Sciacca, P.G. Seiler, J.C. Sens, I. Sheer, V. Shevchenko, S. Shevchenko, X.R. Shi, K. Shmakov, V. Shoutko, E. Shumilov, R. Siedling, N. Smirnov, V. Souvorov, C. Souyri, I. Spangler, T. Spickermann, B. Spiess, P. Spillantini, R. Starosta, M. Steuer, D.P. Stickland, B. Stöhr, H. Stone, K. Strauch, K. Sudhakar, R.L. Sumner, H. Suter, R.B. Sutton, H. Szczesny, J. Tang, X.W. Tang, E. Tarkovsky, A. Tavenrath, V. Tchudakov, J.M. Thenard, E. Thomas, T. Thon, H. Thuerig, M. Thulen, C. Timmermans, Samuel C.C. Ting, S.M. Ting, F. Tonisch, Y.P. Tong, M. Tonutti, S.C. Tonwar, J. Tòth, W. Toth, G. Trowitzsch, K.L. Tung, J. Ulbricht, L. Urbàn, E. Valente, R.T. van de Walle, H. van der Graaf, V. Vanzanella, M. Vergain, I. Vetlitsky, H. Vey, G. Viertel, M. Vivargent, H. Vogel, S. Volkov, M. Vollmar, H.P. von Gunten, I. Vorobiev, A. Vorobyov, L. Vuilleumier, S. Waldmeier, W. Walk, W. Wallraff, C.Y. Wang, G.H. Wang, J.H. Wang, Q.F. Wang, X.L. Wang, Y.F. Wang, Z.M. Wang, D. Wassenberg, D. Wegmann, R. Weill, T.J. Wenaus, P. Wenger, J. Wenninger, M. White, R. Wilhelm, C. Willmott, H.P. Wirth, F. Wittgenstein, R.J. Wu, S.X. Wu, Y.G. Wu, B. Wyslouch, F.Y. Xi, Z.Z. Xu, Z.L. Xue, D.S. Yan, K.D. Yanev, B.Z. Yang, C.G. Yang, K.S. Yang, Q.Y. Yang, Z.Q. Yang, C.H. Ye, S.C. Yeh, Z.W. Yin, C. Zabounidis, L. Zehnder, Y. Zeng, D.H. Zhang, S.Y. Zhang, Z.P. Zhang, B. Zhou, J.F. Zhou, Z.P. Zhou, R.Y. Zhu, A. Zichichi, M. Zofka, J. Zoll, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), CMS, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L3, B., Adeva, Aloisio, Alberto, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Canale, Vincenzo, Chiefari, Giovanni, Merola, Leonardo, Napolitano, Marco, Paternoster, Giovanni, Patricelli, Sergio, and Sciacca, Crisostomo

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Wire chamber, Particle physics, Muon, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Large Electron–Positron Collider, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Measuring instrument, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation
Abstract

The L3 experiment is one of the six large detectors designed for the new generation of electron-positron accelerators. It is the only detector that concentrates its efforts on limited goals of measuring electrons, muons and photons. By not attempting to identify hadrons, L3 has been able to provide an order of magnitude better resolution for electrons, muons and photons. Vertices and hadron jets are also studied. The construction of L3 has involved much state of the art technology in new principles of vertex detection and in new crystals for large scale electromagnetic shower detection and ultraprecise muon detection. This paper presents a summary of the construction of L3.

Published
1990
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13. A search for heavy charged and neutral leptons from Z0 decays

Author

Dimitri Bourilkov, R.J. Wu, M. MacDermott, Raffaello D'Alessandro, M.L. Chen, P.J. Li, C. Grinnell, M. A. Niaz, Leonardo Merola, A. Gordeev, C.H. Ye, R. Starosta, V. Commichau, G.Q. Hu, D. Pandoulas, T. Azemoon, P. Extermann, B. Ille, Marcella Diemoz, C. Buisson, A. Böhm, I. Leedom, H. Hofer, K. L. Tung, M. Möller, B. P. Roe, G. Von Dardel, A. Degré, T. Böhringer, G. Morand, J. Behrens, H. Anderhub, C.R. Wang, Q.Y. Yang, Z.W. Yin, U. Uwer, Fridolin Dittus, Z.Y. Lin, O. Kornadt, M. Fukushima, J.C. Sens, R. Raghavan, Harvey B Newman, J. Lettry, Claudio Luci, Elisabetta Gallo, C.F. He, Egidio Longo, S. Shevchenko, A. C. König, Laurent Vuilleumier, E. Isiksal, J.P. Martin, A. Chen, F. Ferroni, S. Beingessner, D. DiBitonto, A. Bujak, R. L. Sumner, F. Tonisch, G. H. Wang, W. Lohmann, W. Wallraff, D. Perret-Gallix, M. Guanziroli, J. Wenninger, J.P. Burq, Ph. Rosselet, M. Steuer, Zm Wang, G. Forconi, B. Stöhr, C. Zaccardelli, M. Pohl, M. M. Ilyas, R. Leiste, X.G. Li, Yu. Kamyshkov, D. Boutigny, P. K. Malhotra, H. A. Rizvi, H.J. Schreiber, L. J. Gutay, U. Roeser, R. Fabbretti, R. de Asmundis, J. Weber, L.S. Hsu, J. Salicio, Tariq Aziz, Marco Meschini, J. Fay, K. Schultze, Yu. Galaktionov, H. van der Graaf, M. Zeng, D.N. Mao, S. Reucroft, U. Becker, M. Schöntag, Mw Gruenewald, H. Haan, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Luciano Barone, R. Liu, R.C. Ball, Adrian Biland, V. Lalieu, D.S. Yan, H. Fenker, R. T. Van de Walle, G.B. Mills, K.S. Kumar, R. Weill, M. Gailloud, A.M. Cartacci, D. Kirkby, E. Thomas, H.T. Li, T. Spickermann, G. Herten, L. Urbàn, G. Landi, M. J. Glaubman, F.C. Erné, C. G. Yang, I. Scott, L. Li, G. Faber, H.F. Chen, J. Alcaraz, A. Gurtu, Aa Vorobyov, Y.J. Pei, M. Chemarin, J.Y. Liao, R.A. Khan, F. J. Eppling, L. W. Jones, A. Kunin, E. Valente, E. Jagel, Y. Zeng, P. Vikas, V. Shevchenko, T. Foreman, H.R. Dimitrov, M. Lenti, P. Arce, M. Bocciolini, K. Freudenreich, P.V.K.S. Baba, G. Sartorelli, H. L. Zhuang, D. Goujon, D. McNally, S. M. Ting, J.M. You, Mingshui Chen, A. L. Anderson, D. Duchesneau, M. Maire, E. Nagy, A. Hasan, M. Cerrada, Z. Ren, C. Chen, Vincenzo Innocente, N. Smirnov, F. Marzano, I. Vetlitsky, D. Lanske, B. Bertucci, W. J. Metzger, G. Viertel, J.M. Qian, C. Li, I. Vorobiev, Z.M. Wang, K. N. Qureshi, Y. D. Xu, P. Blömeke, P. Lebrun, X. Leytens, V. Shoutko, Crisostomo Sciacca, D. Zhang, Marco Pieri, A. Engler, Jd Burger, K. Sudhakar, C. Rippich, S. Morganti, G. Rahal-Callot, G.G.G. Massaro, Nicanor Colino, H. El Mamouni, J. G. Branson, M. Capell, J. A. Bakken, Samuel C.C. Ting, G. Fernandez, X. Lue, K.S. Yang, L. Romero, Federico Carminati, P. McBride, U. Micke, K. Lübelsmeyer, Z.Z. Xu, X. Y. Cui, J. Tòth, S. Röhner, Y. Mi, H. R. Gustafson, Y. S. Lu, S. N. Ganguli, J. Schwenke, Steven Goldfarb, F. Carbonara, M. Tonutti, J. M. Salicio, R.B. Sutton, G. Passaleva, D.H. Zhang, S. Lökös, M.C. Chen, U.K. Chaturvedi, Konrad Deiters, G. Sauvage, A. Malinin, Th. Rombach, R. Wilhelm, J. H. Field, W. Krenz, G. Schwering, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Matsuda, Alberto Aloisio, S. C. Tonwar, L. Martinez, L. Niessen, S. Patricelli, F. L. Linde, W. Böhlen, Simonetta Gentile, K. Hilgers, M. Schneegans, Jj Blaising, O. Adriani, Thomas Ferguson, T. Kramer, Kenneth Francis Read, R. Morand, Q. Ye, V. Schegelsky, G. Conforto, L. Z. Sun, V. Pojidaev, Th. Meinholz, Lucas Taylor, K. Hangarter, S.J. Fan, Sc Yeh, A. Klimentov, S.S. Gau, J.F. Li, T. Angelov, C. Maña, H. Vogt, X. W. Tang, K. Lanius, I. Sheer, G. Yang, Jian Wang, P. A. Piroué, J. Rose, C. Willmott, Mariagrazia Alviggi, D. Linnhofer, W. Friebel, M. Bourquin, L. Baksay, Speranza Falciano, G. Coignet, B. N. Jin, K. Strauch, P. Duinker, P.G. Seiler, F. Diez-Hedo, Peter Denes, V. Morgunov, Bolek Wyslouch, Qian Wang, X.L. Wang, J. Bao, Paolo Bagnaia, G. Gratta, R. Mount, V. Koutsenko, P. Schmitz, B. Borgia, L. Zehnder, J.B. Ye, C.Y. Chien, S. Banerjee, Zp Zhang, A. van Laak, W. Ruckstuhl, D. P. Stickland, H. Suter, Y.F. Wang, Y. Mir, S. Rosier-Lees, R. Malik, A. Pevsner, Barry Blumenfeld, Antonino Zichichi, J.M. Lubbers, U. Herten, Ph Fisher, H. Rykaczewski, Q. Z. Li, Y. Karyotakis, X.R. Shi, L. Antonov, I. Clare, J. Busenitz, S. Schulte, V. Kumar, J. Krizmanic, A. Marchionni, Q. An, M. Dhina, M. Micke, V. Plyaskin, T. Hebbeker, D. J. Schotanus, P. Levchenko, V.R. Krastev, E. Gonzalez, M. Röhner, N. Produit, J. Ulbricht, C. Spartiotis, S. Lanzano, Bernardo Adeva, A. A. Syed, Howard A. Stone, T.S. Dai, Q. Fan, B.C. Stringfellow, B. Spiess, V. Khoze, F. Crijns, R. Rosmalen, G. Finocchiaro, Marcel Merk, B.Z. Yang, J. Perrier, R. Bizzarri, Ian Brock, F. DeNotaristefani, L. Leistam, M. Kaur, G. Hu, B. Monteleoni, G. Chiefari, W. Kittel, P. Berges, R. Sehgal, W.G. Ma, M. Vivargent, C. Dionisi, Alain Hervé, A. Bay, A. Arefiev, Carlo Civinini, M. Maolinbay, M. Aguilar-Benitez, I. Duran, Herwig Schopper, M. White, F. Wittgenstein, L. Ludovici, E. Drago, Sau Lan Wu, T. Driever, R. Schulte, A. Kuhn, M. Harris, J.F. Zhou, S. Hancke, Y. H. Chang, George Alverson, Z.Q. Yang, G. Trowitzsch, Helmut Vogel, Kajari Mazumdar, S. Khokhar, E. Dénes, Xd Cai, F. Cesaroni, D. Ren, H. Fesefeldt, U. Vikas, A. Contin, J. Mnich, M. Hebert, Panos A Razis, J. Schütte, M. Sachwitz, F. Bruyant, R. Dolin, P. Garcia-Abia, J. M. Le Goff, K. Shmakov, Z.F. Gong, M. Wadhwa, J. A. Rubio, T. McMahon, E. Shumilov, R. Magahiz, J. D. Swain, A. Savin, D. Wright, C. Camps, P. Le Coultre, D. Schmitz, D. Antreasyan, G. Paternoster, G. Mirabelli, P. Marchesini, Robert Clare, D. Luckey, Gy L. Bencze, Y.G. Wu, Paul Lecoq, R. W. Kraemer, M. Napolitano, Piero Spillantini, H. S. Chen, S.X. Wu, Y.P. Tong, E. Tarkovsky, A. Sopczak, T.J. Wenaus, H. Akbari, Y.F. Mao, Lamberto Luminari, J. Berdugo, P. Göttlicher, J. Fehlmann, Z.L. Xue, Pierre Lecomte, M. Vollmar, Charles Timmermans, O. Rind, Hafeez R. Hoorani, M. Fabre, Georgi Sultanov, V. P. Andreev, G.J. Bobbink, B.L. Betev, G. M. Chen, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), CMS, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L3, and IHEF (IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Sterile neutrino, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Dirac (software), 01 natural sciences, Lower limit, Nuclear physics, MAJORANA, grey literature, Citation analysis, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton
Abstract

We have searched for charged and neutral leptons. We exclude stable Dirac neutrinos below 42.8 GeV and stable Majorana neutrinos below 34.8 GeV. From a search for unstable neutrinos we exclude masses below 46.4 GeV (Dirac) and below 45.1 GeV (Majorana). We exclude all masses of sequential charged and neutral leptons, except if both masses are larger than 42.8 GeV (for stable Dirac neutrinos). All mass limits correspond to 95% CL.

Published
1990
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14. Copper-scintillating fiber hadron calorimeter tower prototypes

Author

K. Shmakov, B. Moore, J. P. Miller, Robin E. Miller, N. Akchurin, D. Winn, E. Hazen, J. Sandro, James Sullivan, C. Bromberg, D. H. Brown, Yu. Kamyshkov, Lawrence Sulak, Kenneth Segall, D. Higby, R. Pisani, A. Savin, C. Elder, Stephen T. Dye, W. Bugg, F. Ayer, H. Paar, W. Brower, R. M. Carey, A. Smirnov, F. Placil, R. Kroeger, D. Wall, W. A. Worstell, H. Cohn, J. Reidy, Yasar Onel, D. Kefford, K.G. Young, J. Langland, R. Wigmans, and M. Rennich

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Muon, Large Hadron Collider, Pion, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Muon collider, Scintillation counter, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Tower
Abstract

The authors have constructed and tested seven projective scintillating fiber-copper absorber hadron calorimeter towers for high-energy hadron collider detectors. Each tower contained 2.25% by volume scintillating fibers, embedded between copper laminations, 10.6 lambda deep. A hadron energy resolution of sigma /E=91%/ square root E was obtained. Pions exhibited uniform response when scanned across boundaries between modules and through a range of incident angles with respect to the fibers. The e/ pi ratio is 1.08+or-0.02 for energies between 10 and 20 GeV, with a response of approximately 60 p.e./GeV. The muon Landau distributions well-resolved from pedestals were observed. >

Published
2003
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15. Observation of nonlinear laser-electron and laser-photon scattering

Author

C. Bamber, S. Boege, T. Koffas, T. Kotseroglou, A.C. Melissinos, D.D. Meverhofer, D. Reis, C. Bula, K.T. McDonald, E. Prebys, D.L. Burke, R.C. Field, G. Horton-Smith, J.C. Spencer, D. Walz, S. Berridge, W. Bugg, K. Shmakov, and A. Weidemann

Abstract

Nonlinear laser-electron and laser-photon scattering has been observed during the interaction of an intense laser with 46.6 GeV electrons in the Final Focus Test Beam at SLAC. Nonlinear laser-electron and laser-photon scattering is characterized by two dimensionless parameters.1-3

Published
1997
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16. Search for the neutral Higgs bosons of the minimal supersymmetric standard model from Z0 decays

Author

P. Blömeke, J.Y. Liao, R.A. Khan, P. Vikas, R.J. Wu, Raffaello D'Alessandro, X. Lue, C. Grinnell, A. Gordeev, D. Lanske, Leonardo Merola, L. Antonov, Z.M. Wang, J.M. Lubbers, Y. S. Lu, Ph Fisher, H. Rykaczewski, K. Sudhakar, J. M. Salicio, C.H. Ye, R. Starosta, D. Pandoulas, Q. Z. Li, Y. Karyotakis, R. Morand, D. Perret-Gallix, B. P. Roe, K.S. Yang, D. Linnhofer, T. Azemoon, Y.P. Tong, F. Cesaroni, S. Schulte, V. Kumar, J. Krizmanic, A. Marchionni, R. Wilhelm, J. H. Field, L. J. Gutay, U. Uwer, R. Mount, U. Becker, Q. An, E. Tarkovsky, J.A. Rubio, M. Dhina, M. Micke, T. Hebbeker, M. Möller, R. Leiste, J. Schütte, E. Thomas, T.J. Wenaus, X.G. Li, P. Levchenko, V.R. Krastev, E. Gonzalez, W. Böhlen, M.L. Chen, A. Bujak, M. Pohl, R. Malik, M. Zeng, H. Akbari, M. Sachwitz, F. J. Eppling, L. W. Jones, Marcella Diemoz, G. Von Dardel, A. Degré, J.C. Sens, T. Böhringer, R. Raghavan, R. T. Van de Walle, I. Scott, S. M. Ting, J.M. You, U. Micke, B. Wysłlouch, Yu. Kamyshkov, C.F. He, C.R. Wang, Y.F. Mao, Z.W. Yin, V. Shoutko, S. Lanzano, Bernardo Adeva, J. Tòth, E. Valente, D. Ren, V. Lalieu, F. Bruyant, D. McNally, G. Paternoster, J. Rose, S. Shevchenko, A. C. König, Laurent Vuilleumier, E. Isiksal, G. Viertel, T. Angelov, C. Maña, Qian Wang, J. Lettry, Claudio Luci, S. Hancke, S. Morganti, L. Romero, P. Marchesini, X. Y. Cui, V. Khoze, Robert Clare, G. Herten, L. Urbàn, B. Monteleoni, F. Wittgenstein, R. Dolin, Lamberto Luminari, Elisabetta Gallo, Y.G. Wu, G. Faber, Mw Gruenewald, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Luciano Barone, R. L. Sumner, K. Lanius, G. H. Wang, Paul Lecoq, R. W. Kraemer, B. Stöhr, J. Salicio, M. Napolitano, L. Li, W. Ruckstuhl, W. Kittel, L. Baksay, D. Duchesneau, Y. H. Chang, M. Fukushima, P. Göttlicher, V. Plyaskin, P. Garcia-Abia, E. Jagel, C. Zaccardelli, J. Fehlmann, C. Camps, U.K. Chaturvedi, D. P. Stickland, A. Pevsner, L. Ludovici, J. Wenninger, George Alverson, C. G. Yang, Z.Q. Yang, F.C. Erné, A. Gurtu, Egidio Longo, H. Anderhub, D. J. Schotanus, Barry Blumenfeld, G. Gratta, H. S. Chen, S.X. Wu, Y. Mir, S. Rosier-Lees, A.M. Cartacci, Mingshui Chen, J.F. Li, J. M. Le Goff, K. Shmakov, Z.F. Gong, Yu. Galaktionov, D.N. Mao, H.R. Dimitrov, P. Le Coultre, S. Reucroft, E. Drago, C.Y. Chien, Konrad Deiters, J. Alcaraz, P. K. Malhotra, H. A. Rizvi, A. Zichichi, Y. Zeng, K. S. Kumar, Zm Wang, Speranza Falciano, Pierre Lecomte, M. Röhner, M. Maire, E. Nagy, N. Produit, H. van der Graaf, M. Schöntag, J. A. Bakken, H. Suter, Y.F. Wang, Federico Carminati, J. D. Burger, K. N. Qureshi, W. Krenz, G. Rahal-Callot, C. Li, I. Vorobiev, G. Trowitzsch, D.S. Yan, M. Bocciolini, H. Fenker, Alberto Aloisio, Sau Lan Wu, A. Hasan, M. Cerrada, K. Hilgers, M. Chemarin, Charles Timmermans, M. M. Ilyas, J. Ulbricht, C. Spartiotis, M.C. Chen, Helmut Vogel, O. Kornadt, T. Driever, R. Schulte, J. G. Branson, Y. Liu, L. Niessen, Y. D. Xu, Samuel C.C. Ting, A. Savin, D. Wright, R. Fabbretti, M. Tonutti, W. Wallraff, D. Boutigny, U. Roeser, M. Gailloud, H.F. Chen, R. Liu, J. Behrens, S. Patricelli, G. Sartorelli, W. J. Metzger, G.G.G. Massaro, F. Carbonara, D. Luckey, Gy L. Bencze, R. Rosmalen, R. Bizzarri, A. A. Syed, Ian Brock, F. DeNotaristefani, Sc Yeh, A. Klimentov, Kajari Mazumdar, L. Martinez, A. Kuhn, S. Khokhar, S. N. Ganguli, J. Schwenke, F. Tonisch, Fridolin Dittus, M. MacDermott, B.C. Stringfellow, J.M. Qian, Q. Ye, V. Schegelsky, K. Freudenreich, Jj Blaising, T. Kramer, V. Pojidaev, Th. Meinholz, S.S. Gau, P.V.K.S. Baba, H. Fesefeldt, Howard A. Stone, Steven Goldfarb, L. Leistam, A. Malinin, T.S. Dai, G. Morand, Q. Fan, R.B. Sutton, G. Passaleva, H. El Mamouni, R. de Asmundis, Dimitri Bourilkov, P.J. Li, F. L. Linde, H. Vogt, G. Hu, V. Commichau, U. Vikas, M. Bourquin, E. Dénes, K. Strauch, X. W. Tang, Xd Cai, I. Sheer, A. Contin, W. Friebel, J.P. Burq, M. A. Niaz, G.Q. Hu, H. R. Gustafson, B. Spiess, M. Harris, F. Crijns, J.F. Zhou, D. Schmitz, Jian Wang, P. A. Piroué, A. Sopczak, J. Berdugo, H. L. Zhuang, A. Kunin, X.L. Wang, G. Finocchiaro, P. Extermann, K. Lübelsmeyer, Z.Z. Xu, D.H. Zhang, P. Berges, M. Madhwa, B. Borgia, A. van Laak, B. Ille, A. Böhm, I. Leedom, C. Dionisi, V. Koutsenko, G. Sauvage, H. Hofer, K. L. Tung, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Matsuda, Marcel Merk, D. Antreasyan, M. Guanziroli, G. Mirabelli, G. Yang, B.Z. Yang, Mariagrazia Alviggi, H.T. Li, C. Willmott, M. J. Glaubman, G. Schwering, S. Röhner, S. Lökös, C. Buisson, U. Herten, Alain Hervé, I. Vetlitsky, J. Perrier, G. Coignet, O. Adriani, Lucas Taylor, K. Hangarter, S.J. Fan, P. Duinker, Y.J. Pei, Th. Rombach, J. Fay, X.R. Shi, Z.L. Xue, B. N. Jin, I. Clare, J. Busenitz, Piero Spillantini, R. Weill, A. Bay, Simonetta Gentile, Q.Y. Yang, M. Schneegans, V. Morgunov, A. Arefiev, Harvey B Newman, Z.Y. Lin, P. Arce, R.C. Ball, D. Goujon, Adrian Biland, D. DiBitonto, Kenneth Francis Read, Carlo Civinini, J. Bao, W. Lohmann, Ph. Rosselet, T. Spickermann, Vincenzo Innocente, G. Fernandez, M. Lenti, M. Maolinbay, G. Conforto, L. Z. Sun, M. Steuer, G. Forconi, M. Kaur, J. Weber, A. L. Anderson, X. Leytens, H. Haan, I. Duran, M. Aguilar-Benitez, M. Vollmar, Herwig Schopper, P. Lebrun, G.B. Mills, A. Engler, J. Mnich, P. Schmitz, Aa Vorobyov, M. Capell, M. White, T. McMahon, L. Zehnder, O. Rind, J.B. Ye, S. Banerjee, J.P. Martin, M. Hebert, Panos A Razis, R. Sehgal, A. Chen, F. Ferroni, S. Beingessner, N. Smirnov, F. Marzano, Zp Zhang, Tariq Aziz, G. Chiefari, E. Shumilov, H.J. Schreiber, Hafeez R. Hoorani, K. Schultze, M. Fabre, R. Magahiz, W.G. Ma, M. Vivargent, Crisostomo Sciacca, J. D. Swain, Marco Pieri, Georgi Sultanov, C. Rippich, P. McBride, V. P. Andreev, G.J. Bobbink, B.L. Betev, G. M. Chen, P.G. Seiler, F. Diez-Hedo, Peter Denes, Paolo Bagnaia, L.S. Hsu, Marco Meschini, D. Kirkby, V. Shevchenko, T. Foreman, C. Chen, B. Bertucci, D. Zhang, Nicanor Colino, Y. Mi, S. C. Tonwar, Thomas Ferguson, G. Landi, and IHEF (IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Elementary particle, Supersymmetry, Nuclear physics, Higgs boson, High Energy Physics::Experiment, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton, Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, Boson
Abstract

We present the results from a search for the light neutral scalar Higgs boson h° and the pseudoscalar Higgs boson A° of the minimal super-symmetric standard model. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to 71 000 hadronic Z° decays recorded with the L3 detector at LEP. No evidence for the existence of the neutral Higgs bosons h° and A° has been found. The region of h° and A° masses up to 41.5 GeV is excluded at 95% confidence level.

Published
1990

17. A test of QCD based on 4-jet events from Z$^0$ decays

Author

B. Adeva, O. Adriani, M. Aguilar-Benitez, H. Akbari, J. Alcaraz, A. Aloisio, G. Alverson, M.G. Alviggi, Q. An, H. Anderhub, A.L. Anderson, V.P. Andreev, T. Angelov, L. Antonov, D. Antreasyan, P. Arce, A. Arefiev, T. Azemoon, T. Aziz, P.V.K.S. Baba, P. Bagnaia, J.A. Bakken, L. Baksay, R.C. Ball, S. Banerjee, J. Bao, L. Barone, A. Bay, U. Becker, J. Behrens, S. Beingessner, Gy.L. Bencze, J. Berdugo, P. Berges, B. Bertucci, B.L. Betev, A. Biland, R. Bizzarri, J.J. Blaising, P. Blömeke, B. Blumenfeld, G.J. Bobbink, M. Bocciolini, W. Böhlen, A. Böhm, T. Böhringer, B. Borgia, D. Bourilkov, M. Bourquin, D. Boutigny, J.G. Branson, I.C. Brock, F. Bruyant, C. Buisson, A. Bujak, J.D. Burger, J.P. Burg, J. Busenitz, X.D. Cai, C. Camps, M. Capell, F. Carbonara, F. Carminati, A.M. Cartacci, M. Cerrada, F. Cesaroni, Y.H. Chang, U.K. Chaturvedi, M. Chemarin, A. Chen, C. Chen, G.M. Chen, H.F. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Chen, M.L. Chen, G. Chiefari, C.Y. Chien, C. Civinini, I. Clare, R. Clare, G. Coignet, N. Colino, V. Commichau, G. Conforto, A. Contin, F. Crijns, X.Y. Cui, T.S. Dai, R. D'Alessandro, R. de Asmundis, A. Degré, K. Deiters, E. Dénes, P. Denes, F. DeNotaristefani, M. Dhina, D. DiBitonto, M. Diemoz, F. Diez-Hedo, H.R. Dimitrov, C. Dionisi, F. Dittus, R. Dolin, E. Drago, T. Driever, D. Duchesneau, P. Duinker, I. Duran, H. El Mamouni, A. Engler, F.J. Eppling, F.C. Erné, P. Extermann, R. Fabbretti, G. Faber, S. Falciano, Q. Fan, S.J. Fan, M. Fabre, J. Fay, J. Fehlmann, H. Fenker, T. Ferguson, G. Fernandez, F. Ferroni, H. Fesefeldt, J. Field, G. Finocchiaro, P.H. Fisher, G. Forconi, T. Foreman, K. Freudenreich, W. Friebel, M. Fukushima, M. Gailloud, Yu. Galaktionov, E. Gallo, S.N. Ganguli, P. Garcia-Abia, S.S. Gau, S. Gentile, M. Gettner, M. Glaubman, S. Goldfarb, Z.F. Gong, E. Gonzalez, A. Gordeev, P. Göttlicher, D. Goujon, C. Goy, G. Gratta, A. Grimes, C. Grinnell, M. Gruenewald, M. Guanziroli, A. Gurtu, L.J. Gutay, H. Haan, S. Hancke, K. Hangarter, M. Harris, A. Hasan, C.F. He, A. Heavey, T. Hebbeker, M. Hebert, G. Herten, U. Herten, A. Hervé, K. Hilgers, H. Hofer, H. Hoorani, L.S. Hsu, G. Hu, G.Q. Hu, B. Ille, M.M. Ilyas, V. Innocente, E. Isiksal, E. Jagel, B.N. Jin, L.W. Jones, P. Kaaret, R.A. Khan, Yu. Kamyshkov, D. Kaplan, Y. Karyotakis, M. Kaur, S. Khokhar, V. Khoze, D. Kirkby, W. Kittel, A. Klimentov, A.C. König, O. Kornadt, V. Koutsenko, R.W. Kraemer, T. Kramer, V.R. Krastev, W. Krenz, J. Krizmanic, A. Kuhn, K.S. Kumar, V. Kumar, A. Kunin, S. Kwan, A. van Laak, V. Lalieu, G. Landi, K. Lanius, W. Lange, D. Lanske, S. Lanzano, P. Lebrun, P. Lecomte, P. Lecoq, P. Le Coultre, I. Leedom, J.M. Le Goff, A. Leike, L. Leistam, R. Leiste, J. Lettry, P.M. Levchenko, X. Leytens, C. Li, H.T. Li, J.F. Li, L. Li, P.J. Li, Q. Li, X.G. Li, J.Y. Liao, Z.Y. Lin, F.L. Linde, D. Linnhofer, R. Liu, Y. Liu, W. Lohmann, S. Lökös, E. Longo, Y.S. Lu, J.M. Lubbers, K. Lübelsmeyer, C. Luci, D. Luckey, L. Ludovici, X. Lue, L. Luminari, W.G. Ma, M. MacDermott, R. Magahiz, M. Maire, P.K. Malhotra, R. Malik, A. Malinin, C. Maña, D.N. Mao, Y.F. Mao, M. Maolinbay, P. Marchesini, A. Marchionni, J.P. Martin, L. Martinez, F. Marzano, G.G.G. Massaro, T. Matsuda, K. Mazumdar, P. McBride, T. McMahon, D. McNally, Th. Meinholz, M. Merk, L. Merola, M. Meschini, W.J. Metzger, Y. Mi, M. Micke, U. Micke, G.B. Mills, Y. Mir, G. Mirabelli, J. Mnich, M. Möller, L. Montanet, B. Monteleoni, G. Morand, R. Morand, S. Morganti, V. Morgunov, R. Mount, E. Nagy, M. Napolitano, H. Newman, M.A. Niaz, L. Niessen, W.D. Nowak, H. Nowak, S. Nowak, D. Pandoulas, G. Paternoster, S. Patricelli, Y.J. Pei, D. Perret-Gallix, J. Perrier, A. Pevsner, M. Pieri, P.A. Piroué, V. Plyaskin, M. Pohl, V. Pojidaev, N. Produit, J.M. Qian, K.N. Qureshi, R. Raghavan, G. Rahal-Callot, P. Razis, K. Read, D. Ren, Z. Ren, S. Reucroft, A. Ricker, T. Riemann, C. Rippich, H.A. Rizvi, B.P. Roe, M. Röhner, S. Röhner, Th. Rombach, L. Romero, J. Rose, S. Rosier-Lees, R. Rosmalen, Ph. Rosselet, J.A. Rubio, W. Ruckstuhl, H. Rykaczewski, M. Sachwitz, J. Salicio, J.M. Salicio, G. Sartorelli, G. Sauvage, A. Savin, V. Schegelsky, D. Schmitz, P. Schmitz, M. Schneegans, M. Schöntag, H. Schopper, D.J. Schotanus, H.J. Schreiber, R. Schulte, S. Schulte, K. Schultze, J. Schütte, J. Schwenke, G. Schwering, C. Sciacca, R. Sehgal, P.G. Seiler, J.C. Sens, I. Sheer, V. Shevchenko, S. Shevchenko, X.R. Shi, K. Shmakov, V. Shoutko, E. Shumilov, N. Smirnov, A. Sopczak, C. Souyri, C. Spartiotis, T. Spickermann, B. Spiess, P. Spillantini, R. Starosta, M. Steuer, D.P. Stickland, B. Stöhr, H. Stone, K. Strauch, B.C. Stringfellow, K. Sudhakar, G. Sultanov, R.L. Sumner, H. Suter, R.B. Sutton, J.D. Swain, A.A. Syed, X.W. Tang, E. Tarkovsky, J.M. Thenard, E. Thomas, C. Timmermans, Samuel C.C. Ting, S.M. Ting, Y.P. Tong, F. Tonisch, M. Tonutti, S.C. Tonwar, J. Tòth, G. Trowitzsch, K.L. Tung, J. Ulbricht, L. Urbán, U. Uwer, E. Valente, R.T. Van de Walle, H. van der Graaf, I. Vetlitsky, G. Viertel, P. Vikas, U. Vikas, M. Vivargent, H. Vogel, H. Vogt, M. Vollmar, G. Von Dardel, I. Vorobiev, A.A. Vorobyov, An.A. Vorobyov, L. Vuilleumier, M. Wadhwa, W. Walk, W. Wallraff, C.R. Wang, G.H. Wang, J.H. Wang, Q.F. Wang, X.L. Wang, Y.F. Wang, Z. Wang, Z.M. Wang, J. Weber, R. Weill, T.J. Wenaus, J. Wenninger, M. White, R. Wilhelm, C. Willmott, F. Wittgenstein, D. Wright, R.J. Wu, S.L. Wu, S.X. Wu, Y.G. Wu, B. Wysłouch, Z.Z. Xu, Z.L. Xue, D.S. Yan, B.Z. Yang, C.G. Yang, G. Yang, K.S. Yang, Q.Y. Yang, Z.Q. Yang, Q. Ye, C.H. Ye, S.C. Yeh, Z.W. Yin, J.M. You, C. Zabounidis, C. Zaccardelli, L. Zehnder, M. Zeng, Y. Zeng, D. Zhang, D.H. Zhang, S.Y. Zhang, Z.P. Zhang, J.F. Zhou, R.Y. Zhu, A. Zichichi, J. Zoll, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), CMS, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and L3

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Particle Physics - Experiment
Published
1990
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18. Proportional chambers for the barrel hadron calorimeter of the L3 experiment

Author

M. Capell, K. S. Yang, H. L. Zhuang, Vitaliy G. Shevchenko, Yu.V. Galaktionov, V. Pojidaev, J. Ulbricht, H. S. Chen, J. H. Wang, A. Kuhn, V. Markizov, Igor Vorobiev, Y. S. Lu, Xinchou Lou, M. Koller, V. Tchudakov, V. Morgunov, P. Lecomte, A. Gordeev, B.N. Jin, A. Klimentov, U. Bachmann, A. Arefiev, E. Tarkovsky, Vladimir Krylov, T. Azemoon, A. Malinin, G. B. Mills, S. Y. Zhang, Yu. Kamyshkov, Chunhui Chen, H. T. Li, E. Shumilov, H. Hofer, S. Shevchenko, B. Spiess, P. Schär, X. G. Li, P. Lecoultre, Samuel C.C. Ting, Steven Goldfarb, Yu. Gorodkov, R. C. Ball, I. Vetlitsky, V. Shoutko, M. Chumakov, B. P. Roe, V. Koutsenko, W. E. Böhlen, K. L. Tung, K. Shmakov, A. Savin, A. Kunin, A. Nikitin, L. W. Jones, R. J. Wu, X. W. Tang, V. Plyaskin, and E. Härdi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Hadron, Detector, Barrel (horology), chemistry.chemical_element, Uranium, Hadron calorimeter, Nuclear physics, chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Storage ring
Abstract

The design and the mass production of the proportional wire chambers for the barrel part of the uranium-gas sampling hadron calorimeter of the L3 detector at the CERN Large Electron-Positron storage ring (LEP) are described. The chambers meet the specific requirements arising from the limited space available to the calorimeter, the radioactivity of uranium, and the physics criteria of good energy and position resolution for incident hadrons. The mass production techniques employed ensured that all of the 371664 chamber cells have uniform response (with 5% accuracy) to ionizing particles. Over 8000 chambers of the same design, in 53 different sizes, were manufactured and tested at the ITEP (Moscow), at the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor) and at the IHEP (Beijing).

Published
1989
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19. A detailed study of the performance of the uranium-gas sampling calorimeter

Author

Yu. Gorodkov, A. Klimentov, Z. R. Lin, M. Chumakov, M. Capell, T. Azemoon, H. S. Chen, G. B. Mills, A. Arefiev, A. Rozhkov, I. Vorobiev, P. Lecomte, A. Malinin, B. Spiess, E. Tarkovsky, P. Lecoultre, Samuel C.C. Ting, Yu. Kamyshkov, Steven Goldfarb, Y. S. Lu, J. Ulbricht, Z. F. Gong, Yu.V. Galaktionov, A. Kunin, E. Shumilov, Vitaliy G. Shevchenko, S. Shevchenko, B. P. Roe, Mingshui Chen, V. Tchoudakov, R. Bal, A. Gordeev, V. Shoutko, V. Pojidaev, A. Savin, K. L. Tung, V. Plyaskin, V. Koutsenko, K. Shmakov, L. W. Jones, Jacques Lettry, S. Burov, and V. Morgunov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Sampling (statistics), Uranium, Noise (electronics), Calorimeter, Nuclear physics, chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation
Abstract

Results of experimental studies of the performance of the uranium calorimeter with gas sampling detectors are presented. There is further evidence showing the importance of the contribution of the neutron component of a hadronic shower to the detected signal. The response and the resolution of the uranium calorimeter are measured in the momentum range 0.3–6.0 GeV/ c for the different incident particles and different gases that are used in the detectors. For a calorimeter structure with double-gas-detector layers, the correlation between signals from two calorimeters formed by chambers filled with different gas mixtures is measured. The topics that are relevant to the performance of the L3 uranium-gas sampling calorimeter - such as its operation in the magnetic field, the energy dependence of muon response, the uranium noise, as well as the electronics optimization - are discussed.

Published
1989
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20. A measurement of the Z0 leptonic partial widths and the vector and axial vector coupling constants

Author

Aa Vorobyov, Francesco Marzano, T. Angelov, J.M. Qian, Philip Kaaret, A. Engler, N. Smirnov, W. Krenz, G. Hu, J.M. Thenard, A.M. Cartacci, Carlos Willmott, L. Ludovici, H.R. Dimitrov, L. Urbàn, V. Plyaskin, U. Becker, G. Rahal-Callot, D.N. Mao, C. Souyri, E. Thomas, Sandra Consuegra Rodríguez, H. T. Li, R.J. Wu, F. J. Eppling, D. S. Yan, S.S. Gau, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Matsuda, F. Cesaroni, L. Leistam, S. M. Ting, Federico Carminati, M. Gailloud, M.L. Chen, Yu. Galaktionov, L. Baksay, K. Schultze, V.G. Shevchenko, Boleslaw Wyslouch, H.J. Schreiber, C.Y. Chien, H.F. Chen, Y.P. Tong, P.G. Seiler, J. Alcaraz, S. Patricelli, E. Tarkovsky, A. Heavey, Q. Ye, V. Schegelsky, M. Gettner, D. Lanske, O. Adriani, G.Q. Hu, T. Kramer, J.C. Sens, Peter Denes, M. Sachwitz, C. Maña, Qi An, S. Lökös, R. Raghavan, Marcella Diemoz, Paolo Bagnaia, J. J. Blaising, T. Ferguson, M. G. Alviggi, K.S. Yang, Samuel C.C. Ting, Th. Rombach, J. P. Burq, G. Von Dardel, K. N. Qureshi, Steven Goldfarb, Marco Meschini, D. Kirkby, J. Schütte, G. Landi, F.G. Hartjes, Laurent Vuilleumier, U. Herten, T. Böhringer, X.R. Shi, D.W. Schmitz, B. N. Jin, H. Haan, Simonetta Gentile, E. Isiksal, D.H. Zhang, Igor Vorobiev, Lamberto Luminari, Y. Peng, S. Schulte, C. Pols, P. Marchesini, B. Stöhr, Ming Zeng, P. Vikas, R. Leiste, Robert Clare, X. Lue, M. Röhner, S. C. Yeh, Antonino Zichichi, J.M. Lubbers, F. Bruyant, V. Morgunov, T. Foreman, Kenneth Francis Read, Egidio Longo, U. K. Chaturvedi, H. Rykaczewski, D. Harting, Thomas Hebbeker, Panos A Razis, Y.J. Pei, Y. S. Lu, Paul Lecoq, G. Conforto, J. Fehlmann, I. Vetlitsky, P. Blömeke, R. L. Sumner, W. Ruckstuhl, S. Rosier-Lees, T. Riemann, M. Napolitano, P. Schmitz, B. Bertucci, Alexei Klimentov, K. Deiters, D. Zhang, D. P. Stickland, P. Le Coultre, Yu. Kamyshkov, R.C. Ball, Adrian Biland, G. Schwering, J. Ulbricht, Raffaello D'Alessandro, Dimitri Bourilkov, C. Camps, Nicanor Colino, L. Zehnder, Y.F. Mao, H. Vogt, R. T. Van de Walle, S. X. Wu, A. Gordeev, M. Micke, Lawrence W. Jones, J. Wenninger, Y. Karyotakis, K. Sudhakar, Y. Mir, C. H. Ye, G. Fernandez, G. H. Wang, K. Hangarter, H. S. Chen, Helmut Vogel, Oliver Kornadt, M. Pohl, R. Liu, Mw Gruenewald, R. Starosta, V. Pojidaev, Jérôme Rose, R. Wilhelm, C. Grinnell, Y. Mi, K. Freudenreich, Leonardo Merola, K.D. Shmakov, S. J. Fan, W. Walk, S. Banerjee, Zp Zhang, Ph. Rosselet, G. J. Bobbink, M. M. Ilyas, Pierre Lecomte, Wesley James Metzger, L.S. Hsu, L. Montanet, D. Luckey, Gy L. Bencze, G. Herten, J. P. Martin, B. Spiess, J.Y. Liao, P.V.K.S. Baba, M. Steuer, J. Onvlee, M. Bourquin, C. G. Yang, I. C. Brock, C. Chen, X. D. Cai, G. Forconi, J. Weber, Z.Q. Yang, E. Valente, M. Chemarin, E. Perrin, K. Strauch, Tariq Aziz, W. Friebel, G. Faber, M. Fabre, Corinne Goy, B. Borgia, V. Lalieu, T.J. Wenaus, S. L. Wu, Speranza Falciano, Vincenzo Innocente, R. Fabbretti, T. Azemoon, Patricia McBride, S. Morganti, Jd Burger, M. Capell, Georgi Sultanov, Jozsef Toth, Charles Timmermans, A. Kuhn, R. A. Khan, H. Akbari, G. Sauvage, V. Koutsenko, Z.Z. Xu, Gaihe Yang, J. Lettry, Claudio Luci, Suresh C Tonwar, R. Weill, G.B. Mills, A. Malinin, Mingshui Chen, M. Dhina, A. van Laak, Qun Wang, R. Dolin, Marcos Cerrada, D. Perret-Gallix, H. S. Fesefeldt, Axel König, D. J. Schotanus, J. A. Bakken, Elisabetta Gallo, R.B. Sutton, W. Lohmann, P. Lebrun, V. P. Andreev, X. L. Wang, E. Jagel, Crisostomo Sciacca, Yanwen Liu, P. J. Li, J. Schwenke, X. Y. Cui, Fridolin Dittus, J. Fay, Marco Pieri, Chenliang Wang, M. Fukushima, P. Schmitt, M. Glaubman, K. Mazumbar, G. M. Chen, S. Reucroft, Harvey B Newman, K. Hilgers, D. Güsewell, A. Chen, M. Vollmar, F. Ferroni, I. Clare, W. Wallraff, D. Wright, H. Fenker, D. Antreasyan, J. M. Le Goff, Alberto Aloisio, S. Beingessner, A. Grimes, Y. Zeng, Z.F. Gong, Th. Meinholz, S.Y. Zhang, A. L. Anderson, J. A. Rubio, P. Göttlicher, J.H. Wang, J. Mnich, P. K. Malhotra, D. Ren, Ying Wu, X. W. Tang, J. G. Branson, J. Von Rango, I. Sheer, J. F. Zhou, M. Herbert, K. Lübelsmeyer, Piero Spillantini, P. A. Piroué, G. Viertel, A. Kunin, P. Duinker, M. MacDermott, Z. W. Yin, S. N. Ganguli, H. van der Graaf, C. Rippich, B. L. Betev, A. Degré, Giovanni Paternoster, J. Bao, U. Uwer, D. Kaplan, A. Contin, Alexander Savin, G. Morand, M. Elkacimi, P. Extermann, I. Leedom, H. Hofer, K. L. Tung, R. Morand, Z. L. Xue, Howard A. Stone, D. Pandoulas, J. Salicio, T.S. Dai, Y. H. Chang, George Alverson, T. Spickermann, S. Kwan, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Luciano Barone, Vineet Kumar, M. Guanziroli, R. Magahiz, G.G.G. Massaro, F. Carbonara, F.C. Erné, Q.Y. Yang, L. Martinez, A. Gurtu, F. L. Linde, V. Commichau, A. Böhm, G. Coignet, E. Shumilov, J. Zoll, M. Bocciolini, J. H. Field, M. Schöntag, W. Böhlen, V. Shoutko, Luciano Romero, C. F. He, Giorgio Gratta, A. Pevsner, M. Tonutti, Barry Blumenfeld, L. Antonov, A. Marchionni, V.R. Krastev, E. Gonzalez, B. Ille, S. Lanzano, Bernardo Adeva, R. W. Kraemer, V. Khoze, C-Q. Li, R. Bizzarri, S. Hancke, F. DeNotaristefani, P. Berges, M. Maire, L. Li, D. Boutigny, J.F. Li, H. Suter, Y.F. Wang, U. Micke, D. Linnhofer, R. Mount, W.D. Nowak, J. Berdugo, B. Monteleoni, W. Kittel, G. Chiefari, S. Shevchenko, M. Schneegans, R. Schulte, Zhuoxiang Ren, J. M. You, N. Produit, A. A. Syed, K. Lanius, F. Crijns, Marcel Merk, J. Perrier, C. Zabounidis, D. Goujon, Bz Yang, A. Sopczak, X. Leytens, H. Anderhub, C. Dionisi, Alain Hervé, G. Mirabelli, A. Bay, D. Campana, Carlo Civinini, M. Maolinbay, X.G. Li, M. Aguilar-Benitez, I. Duran, P. F. Klok, Herwig Schopper, M. White, Petr Levchenko, F. Wittgenstein, E. Drago, L. Niessen, Z.Y. Lin, T. Driever, M. Harris, E. Dénes, B. P. Roe, W.G. Ma, E. Nagy, M. Vivargent, Christine Buisson, Z. M. Wang, A. Arefiev, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), L3, IHEF (IoP, FNWI), B., Adeva, O., Adriani, M., Aguilarbenitez, H., Akbari, J., Alcaraz, Aloisio, Alberto, G., Alverson, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Q., An, H., Anderhub, A. L., Anderson, V. P., Andreev, T., Angelov, L., Antonov, D., Antreasyan, A., Arefiev, T., Azemoon, T., Aziz, P. V., K., P., Bagnaia, J. A., Bakken, L., Baksay, R. C., Ball, S., Banerjee, J., Bao, L., Barone, A., Bay, U., Becker, S., Beingessner, G. L., Bencze, J., Berdugo, P., Berge, B., Bertucci, B. L., Betev, A., Biland, R., Bizzarri, J. J., Blaising, P., Blomeke, B., Blumenfeld, G. J., Bobbink, M., Bocciolini, W., Bohlen, A., Bohm, T., Bohringer, B., Borgia, D., Bourilkov, M., Bourquin, D., Boutigny, J. G., Branson, I. C., Brock, F., Bruyant, C., Buisson, J. D., Burger, J. P., Burq, X. D., Cai, D., Campana, C., Camp, M., Capell, F., Carbonara, F., Carminati, A. M., Cartacci, M., Cerrada, F., Cesaroni, Y. H., Chang, U. K., Chaturvedi, M., Chemarin, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, Chiefari, Giovanni, C. Y., Chien, C., Civinini, I., Clare, R., Clare, G., Coignet, N., Colino, V., Commichau, G., Conforto, A., Contin, F., Crijn, X. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, R., Dalessandro, A., Degre, K., Deiter, E., Dene, P., Dene, F., Denotaristefani, M., Dhina, M., Diemoz, H. R., Dimitrov, C., Dionisi, F., Dittu, R., Dolin, E., Drago, T., Driever, P., Duinker, I., Duran, M., Elkacimi, A., Engler, F. J., Eppling, F. C., Erne, P., Extermann, R., Fabbretti, G., Faber, S., Falciano, S. J., Fan, M., Fabre, J., Fay, J., Fehlmann, H., Fenker, T., Ferguson, G., Fernandez, F., Ferroni, H., Fesefeldt, J., Field, G., Forconi, T., Foreman, K., Freudenreich, W., Friebel, M., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, Y., Galaktionov, E., Gallo, S. N., Ganguli, S. S., Gau, S., Gentile, M., Gettner, M., Glaubman, S., Goldfarb, Z. F., Gong, E., Gonzalez, A., Gordeev, P., Gottlicher, D., Goujon, C., Goy, G., Gratta, A., Grime, C., Grinnell, M., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, A., Gurtu, D., Gusewell, H., Haan, S., Hancke, K., Hangarter, M., Harri, D., Harting, F. G., Hartje, C. F., He, A., Heavey, T., Hebbeker, M., Hebert, G., Herten, U., Herten, A., Herve, K., Hilger, H., Hofer, L. S., Hsu, G., Hu, G. Q., Hu, B., Ille, M. M., Ilya, V., Innocente, E., Isiksal, E., Jagel, B. N., Jin, L. W., Jone, P., Kaaret, R. A., Khan, Y., Kamyshkov, D., Kaplan, Y., Karyotaki, V., Khoze, D., Kirkby, W., Kittel, A., Klimentov, P. F., Klok, A. C., Konig, O., Kornadt, V., Koutsenko, R. W., Kraemer, T., Kramer, V. R., Krastev, W., Krenz, A., Kuhn, V., Kumar, A., Kunin, S., Kwan, A., Vanlaak, V., Lalieu, G., Landi, K., Laniu, D., Lanske, S., Lanzano, P., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, I., Leedom, J. M., Legoff, L., Leistam, R., Leiste, J., Lettry, P. M., Levchenko, X., Leyten, C., Li, H. T., Li, J. F., Li, L., Li, P. J., Li, X. G., Li, J. Y., Liao, R., Liu, Y., Liu, Z. Y., Lin, F. L., Linde, D., Linnhofer, W., Lohmann, S., Loko, E., Longo, Y. S., Lu, J. M., Lubber, K., Lubelsmeyer, C., Luci, D., Luckey, L., Ludovici, X., Lue, L., Luminari, W. G., Ma, M., Macdermott, R., Magahiz, M., Maire, P. K., Malhotra, A., Malinin, C., Mana, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Mao, M., Maolinbay, P., Marchesini, A., Marchionni, J. P., Martin, L., Martinez, F., Marzano, G. G., G., T., Matsuda, K., Mazumdar, P., Mcbride, T., Meinholz, M., Merk, Merola, Leonardo, M., Meschini, W. J., Metzger, Y., Mi, M., Micke, U., Micke, G. B., Mill, Y., Mir, G., Mirabelli, J., Mnich, L., Montanet, B., Monteleoni, G., Morand, R., Morand, S., Morganti, V., Morgunov, R., Mount, E., Nagy, Napolitano, Marco, H., Newman, L., Niessen, W. D., Nowak, J., Onvlee, D., Pandoula, Paternoster, Giovanni, Patricelli, Sergio, Y. J., Pei, Y., Peng, D., Perretgallix, J., Perrier, E., Perrin, A., Pevsner, M., Pieri, P. A., Piroue, V., Plyaskin, M., Pohl, V., Pojidaev, C. L., A., N., Produit, J. M., Qian, K. N., Qureshi, R., Raghavan, G., Rahalcallot, J., Vonrango, P., Razi, K., Read, D., Ren, Z., Ren, S., Reucroft, T., Riemann, C., Rippich, S., Rodriguez, B. P., Roe, M., Rohner, T., Rombach, L., Romero, J., Rose, S., Rosierlee, P., Rosselet, J. A., Rubio, W., Ruckstuhl, H., Rykaczewski, M., Sachwitz, J., Salicio, G., Sauvage, A., Savin, V., Schegelsky, P., Schmitt, D., Schmitz, P., Schmitz, M., Schneegan, M., Schontag, H., Schopper, D. J., Schotanu, H. J., Schreiber, R., Schulte, S., Schulte, K., Schultze, J., Schutte, J., Schwenke, G., Schwering, Sciacca, Crisostomo, P. G., Seiler, J. C., Sen, I., Sheer, V., Shevchenko, S., Shevchenko, X. R., Shi, K., Shmakov, V., Shoutko, E., Shumilov, N., Smirnov, A., Sopczak, C., Souyri, T., Spickermann, B., Spie, P., Spillantini, R., Starosta, M., Steuer, D. P., Stickland, B., Stohr, H., Stone, K., Strauch, K., Sudhakar, G., Sultanov, R. L., Sumner, H., Suter, R. B., Sutton, A. A., Syed, X. W., Tang, E., Tarkovsky, J. M., Thenard, E., Thoma, C., Timmerman, S. C., C., S. M., Ting, Y. P., Tong, M., Tonutti, S. C., Tonwar, J., Toth, K. L., Tung, J., Ulbricht, L., Urban, U., Uwer, E., Valente, R. T., Vandewalle, H., Vandergraaf, I., Vetlitsky, G., Viertel, P., Vika, M., Vivargent, H., Vogel, H., Vogt, M., Vollmar, G., Vondardel, I., Vorobiev, A. A., Vorobyov, A., Vorobyov, L., Vuilleumier, W., Walk, W., Wallraff, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Wang, J., Weber, R., Weill, T. J., Wenau, J., Wenninger, M., White, R., Wilhelm, C., Willmott, F., Wittgenstein, D., Wright, R. J., Wu, S. L., Wu, S. X., Wu, Y. G., Wu, B., Wyslouch, Z. Z., Xu, Z. L., Xue, D. S., Yan, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Yang, Q., Ye, C. H., Ye, S. C., Yeh, Z. W., Yin, J. M., You, C., Zabounidi, L., Zehnder, M., Zeng, Y., Zeng, D., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, S. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, J. F., Zhou, R. Y., Zhu, A., Zichichi, and J., Zoll

Subjects
Physics, Coupling constant, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Electron–positron annihilation, Detector, Charge (physics), 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Pseudovector, Particle Physics - Experiment, media_common, Lepton
Abstract

We have measured the partial widths of the Z 0 into lepton pairs, and the forward-backward charge asymmetry for the process e + e − → μ + μ − using the L3 detector at LEP. We obtain an average Γ ll of 83.0±2.1±1.1 MeV.From this result and the asymmetry measurement, we extract the values of the vector and axial vector couplings of the Z 0 to leptons: g rmv =−0.066 −0.027 +0.046 and g rmA = −0.495 −0.007 +0.007 .

Published
1990

21. A Direct Determination of the Number of Light Neutrino Families from E+E--]Nu-Nu-Bar-Gamma at Lep

Author

Adeva, B, Adriani, O, Aguilarbenitez, M, Akbari, H, Alcaraz, J, Aloisio, A, Alverson, G, Alviggi, Mg, Ambrosi, G, An, Q, Anderhub, H, Anderson, Al, Andreev, Vp, Angelov, T, Antonov, L, Antreasyan, D, Arce, P, Arefiev, A, Atamanchuk, A, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Baba, Pvks, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bakken, Ja, Baksay, L, Ball, Rc, Banerjee, S, Bao, J, Barillere, R, Barone, Luciano Maria, Battiston, R, Bay, A, Becattini, F, Becker, U, Behner, F, Behrens, J, Beingessner, S, Bencze, Gl, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Betev, Bl, Biasini, M, Biland, A, Bilei, Gm, Bizzarri, R, Blaising, Jj, Blomeke, P, Blumenfeld, B, Bobbink, Gj, Bocciolini, M, Bock, R, Bohm, A, Borgia, B, Bourilkov, D, Bourquin, M, Boutigny, D, Bouwens, B, Brambilla, E, Branson, Jg, Brock, Ic, Brooks, M, Bruyant, F, Buisson, C, Bujak, A, Burger, Jd, Burger, Wj, Burq, Jp, Busenitz, J, Cai, Xd, Capell, M, Caria, M, Carminati, F, Cartacci, Am, Cerrada, M, Cesaroni, F, Chang, Yh, Chaturvedi, Uk, Chemarin, M, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, Gm, Chen, Hf, Chen, Hs, Chen, J, Chen, M, Chen, Ml, Chen, Wy, Chiefari, G, Chien, Cy, Chmeissani, M, Civinini, C, Clare, I, Clare, R, Coan, Te, Cohn, Ho, Coignet, G, Colino, N, Contin, A, Crijns, F, Cui, Xy, Dai, Ts, Dalessandro, R, Deasmundis, R, Degre, A, Deiters, K, Denes, E, Denes, P, Denotaristefani, F, Dhina, M, Dibitonto, D, Diemoz, M, Dimitrov, Hr, Dionisi, C, Dova, Mt, Drago, E, Driever, T, Duchesneau, D, Duinker, P, Duran, I, Elmamouni, H, Engler, A, Eppling, Fj, Erne, Fc, Extermann, P, Fabbretti, R, Fabre, M, Falciano, S, Fan, Q, Fan, Sj, Fackler, O, Fay, J, Felcini, M, Ferguson, T, Fernandez, D, Fernandez, G, Ferroni, Fernando, Fesefeldt, H, Fiandrini, E, Field, J, Filthaut, F, Finocchiaro, G, Fisher, Ph, Forconi, G, Foreman, T, Freudenreich, K, Friebel, W, Fukushima, M, Gailloud, M, Galaktionov, Y, Gallo, E, Ganguli, Sn, Garciaabia, P, Gau, Ss, Gele, D, Gentile, Simonetta, Goldfarb, S, Gong, Zf, Gonzalez, E, Gordeev, A, Gottlicher, P, Goujon, D, Gratta, G, Grinnell, C, Gruenewald, M, Guanziroli, M, Guo, Jk, Gurtu, A, Gustafson, Hr, Gutay, Lj, Hangarter, K, Hasan, A, Hauschildt, D, He, Cf, Hebbeker, T, Hebert, M, Herten, G, Herten, U, Herve, A, Hilgers, K, Hofer, H, Hoorani, H, Hu, G, Hu, Gq, Ille, B, Ilyas, Mm, Innocente, V, Janssen, H, Jezequel, S, Jin, Bn, Jones, Lw, Kasser, A, Khan, Ra, Kamyshkov, Y, Kapinos, P, Kapustinsky, Js, Karyotakis, Y, Kaur, M, Khokhar, S, Kienzlefocacci, Mn, Kinnison, Ww, Kirkby, D, Kirsch, S, Kittel, W, Klimentov, A, Konig, Ac, Kornadt, O, Koutsenko, V, Koulbardis, A, Kraemer, Rw, Kramer, T, Krastev, Vr, Krenz, W, Krivshich, A, Krizmanic, J, Kumar, Ks, Kumar, V, Kunin, A, Landi, G, Lanius, K, Lanske, D, Lanzano, S, Lebrun, P, Lecomte, P, Lecoq, P, Lecoultre, P, Lee, Dm, Leedom, I, Legoff, Jm, Leistam, L, Leiste, R, Lenti, M, Leonardi, E, Lettry, J, Leytens, X, Li, C, Li, Ht, Li, Jf, Li, Pj, Li, Q, Li, Xg, Liao, Jy, Lin, Wt, Lin, Zy, Linde, Fl, Lindemann, B, Linnhofer, D, Liu, R, Liu, Y, Lohmann, W, Longo, E, Lu, Ys, Lubbers, Jm, Lubelsmeyer, K, Luci, Claudio, Luckey, D, Ludovici, L, Luminari, L, Ma, Wg, Macdermott, M, Malhotra, Pk, Malik, R, Malinin, A, Mana, C, Mao, Dn, Mao, Yf, Maolinbay, M, Marchesini, P, Martin, Jp, Martinezlaso, L, Marzano, F, Massaro, Ggg, Matsuda, T, Mazumdar, K, Mcbride, P, Mcmahon, T, Mcnally, D, Meinholz, T, Merk, M, Merola, L, Meschini, M, Metzger, Wj, Mi, Y, Mills, Gb, Mir, Y, Mirabelli, G, Mnich, J, Moller, M, Monteleoni, B, Morand, R, Morganti, S, Moulai, Ne, Mount, R, Muller, S, Nadtochy, A, Nagy, E, Napolitano, M, Newman, H, Neyer, C, Niaz, Ma, Niessen, L, Nowak, H, Organtini, Giovanni, Pandoulas, D, Pauluzzi, M, Pauss, F, Passaleva, G, Paoletti, S, Patricelli, S, Pei, Yj, Perretgallix, D, Perrier, J, Pevsner, A, Pieri, M, Piroue, Pa, Plasil, F, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Pojidaev, V, Produit, N, Qian, Jm, Qureshi, Kn, Raghavan, R, Rahalcallot, G, Raven, G, Razis, P, Read, K, Ren, D, Ren, Z, Rescigno, M, Reucroft, S, Ricker, A, Riemann, S, Rind, O, Rizvi, Ha, Roe, Bp, Rohner, M, Rohner, S, Romero, L, Rose, J, Rosierlees, S, Rosmalen, R, Rosselet, P, Rubbia, A, Rubio, Ja, Rykaczewski, H, Sachwitz, M, Salicio, J, Salicio, Jm, Sanders, Gs, Santocchia, A, Sarakinos, Ms, Sartorelli, G, Sauvage, G, Savin, A, Schegelsky, V, Schmiemann, K, Schmitz, D, Schmitz, P, Schneegans, M, Schopper, H, Schotanus, Dj, Shotkin, S, Schreiber, Hj, Shukla, J, Schulte, R, Schulte, S, Schultze, K, Schutte, J, Schwenke, J, Schwering, G, Sciacca, C, Scott, I, Sehgal, R, Seiler, Pg, Sens, Jc, Servoli, L, Sheer, I, Shen, Dz, Shevchenko, S, Shi, Xr, Shmakov, K, Shumilov, E, Shoutko, V, Soderstrom, E, Sopczak, A, Spartiotis, C, Spickermann, T, Spillantini, P, Starosta, R, Steuer, M, Stickland, Dp, Sticozzi, F, Stone, H, Strauch, K, Stringfellow, Bc, Sudhakar, K, Sultanov, G, Sumner, Rl, Sun, Lz, Suter, H, Sutton, Rb, Swain, Jd, Syed, Aa, Tang, Xw, Tarkovsky, E, Taylor, L, Timmermans, C, Ting, Scc, Ting, Sm, Tonutti, M, Tonwar, Sc, Toth, J, Tsaregorodtsev, A, Tsipolitis, G, Tully, 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Subjects
SINGLE PHOTONS, SUPERSYMMETRIC PARTICLES, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, SEARCH, SCATTERING, High Energy Physics::Experiment, E+E COLLISIONS, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, ANNIHILATION, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Abstract

The L3 detector at LEP has been used to determine the number of light neutrino families by measuring the cross section of single photon even in e+e- collisions at energies near the Z0 resonance. We have observed 61 single photon candidates with more than 1.5 GeV of deposited energy in the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter, for a total integrated luminosity of 3.0 pb-1. From a likelihood fit to the single photon cross sections, we determine N(nu) = 3.24 +/- 0.46 (statistical) +/- 0.22 (systematic).

Published
1992

22. Measurement of the Lifetime of B-hadrons and A Determination of [vcb]

Author

T. Spickermann, P. Marchesini, Bernard Ille, R. Magahiz, J. D. Swain, T. Angelov, V. Plyaskin, P. McBride, K. Lanius, H.R. Dimitrov, Jianming Qian, Ming Zeng, G. Hu, L. S. Hsu, M. Röhner, J. D. Burger, G. Rahal-Callot, M. T. Dova, Giovanni Ambrosi, A. M. Cartacci, K. Schultze, E. Tarkovsky, D. Lanske, Sc Yeh, G. Fernandez, L. Romero, R. Raghavan, Carlos Willmott, H. O. Cohn, Speranza Falciano, M. Caria, Y. F. Wang, A. C. König, G. Gratta, Bolek Wyslouch, Qian Wang, Y.F. Mao, M. Bourquin, Samuel C.C. Ting, Qiang Li, M. Sachwitz, A. C. Weber, G. Mirabelli, K. Strauch, R. T. Van de Walle, K. Lübelsmeyer, Piero Spillantini, Laurent Vuilleumier, K. S. Kumar, C. F. He, H. T. Li, D. Antreasyan, Egidio Longo, J.C. Sens, Lamberto Luminari, V. Lalieu, Qi An, H. Janssen, R. C. Ball, Pierre Lecomte, G. Sartorelli, M. Gruenewald, A. Pevsner, Charles Timmermans, L. J. Gutay, M. M. Ilyas, K.S. Yang, I. Scott, U. Becker, V. Koutsenko, P. Duinker, M. Bocciolini, Barry Blumenfeld, I. Duran, R. L. Sumner, G. H. Wang, U. Herten, L. Z. Sun, Steven Goldfarb, Simonetta Gentile, Roberto Battiston, R. Bizzarri, G. Passaleva, F. J. Eppling, L. W. Jones, D. S. Yan, R. Barillère, S. M. Ting, J.P. Burq, Valery Schegelsky, Antonino Zichichi, Petr Levchenko, S. Röhner, Y. J. Pei, Gianpaolo Carlino, F. DeNotaristefani, Yu. Galaktionov, Ph Fisher, E. Valente, Kenneth Francis Read, Adrian Biland, U. K. Chaturvedi, G. Conforto, Y. S. Lu, J. Wenninger, S. Schulte, K. Schmiemann, J. Alcaraz, H. Rykaczewski, Y. Karyotakis, F. Ferroni, W. Y. Chen, W. Stoeff, F. Wittgenstein, B. Borgia, Y. Zeng, D. McNally, D. Hauschildt, L. Ludovici, M. Chmeissani, S. S. Gau, E. Dénes, R. Weill, Tariq Aziz, V. Pojidaev, M. N. Kienzle-Focacci, R. Rosmalen, L. Leistam, D. P. Stickland, A. Kasser, Guofan Hu, D. Gele, A. Malinin, J. Ulbricht, K.D. Shmakov, S. J. Fan, Attilio Santocchia, Jean Fay, M. Dhina, G. Schwering, G. Herten, E. Drago, Nikita Smirnov, Y. Mi, L. Niessen, D.N. Mao, T. Driever, D. Boutigny, X. Leytens, G. Viertel, M. Lenti, Zm Wang, Jérôme Rose, Y. Mir, C. H. Ye, D. Lee, J. H. Field, C. Y. Chien, W. Friebel, A. L. Anderson, J. G. Branson, B. Z. Yang, Hans J. Vogel, S. Morganti, Cheng Chen, R. Liu, D. Linnhofer, M. Gailloud, Dimitri Bourilkov, J. Schwenke, P. Vikas, J.H. Wang, P. K. Malhotra, Federico Carminati, M. Pauluzzi, T. J. Wenaus, X. Y. Cui, P. Berges, O. Fackler, L. Urbán, G. M. Bilei, N. E. Moulai, Z. W. Yin, Ren-Yuan Zhu, C. Zaccardelli, H. A. Rizvi, I. Clare, J. Busenitz, P. Göttlicher, D. Z. Shen, C. Li, J. M. Salicio, Luciano Barone, Ying Wu, J. F. Zhou, H. R. Gustafson, J. A. Bakken, A. Arefiev, A. Engler, W. Ruckstuhl, S. C. Tonwar, P. Schmitz, S. Patricelli, Alexei Klimentov, S. N. Ganguli, Crisostomo Sciacca, A. Chen, R. Fabbretti, R. Sehgal, S. L. Wu, E. Fiandrini, L. Martinez-Laso, M. S. Sarakinos, L. Antonov, W. J. Metzger, Frank Filthaut, Thomas Ferguson, Q. Ye, J. B. Ye, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Matsuda, Q.Y. Yang, R. Mount, Aa Vorobyov, M. MacDermott, G. Sauvage, A. Gurtu, K. Freudenreich, P.V.K.S. Baba, H. L. Zhuang, M.L. Chen, H. S. Fesefeldt, Marco Pieri, C. Rippich, R. Leiste, Z. Y. Lin, K. Sudhakar, O. Adriani, V. Commichau, H. J. Schreiber, C. Neyer, M. A. Niaz, E. Brambilla, Lucas Taylor, M. Capell, Yanwen Liu, J. Krizmanic, A. Marchionni, Marco Meschini, C. Grinnell, Harvey B Newman, K. Hilgers, A. Hasan, Marcella Diemoz, Yuehong Xie, M. Vivargent, Christine Buisson, B. N. Jin, H. Nowak, V.R. Krastev, B. Monteleoni, F. Sticozzi, Leonardo Merola, P. Extermann, Y. D. Xu, Z. F. Gong, Yu. Kamyshkov, Z.Z. Xu, I. Leedom, J. Behrens, H. Hofer, P. J. Li, K. L. Tung, C. Spartiotis, T. Kramer, G. Von Dardel, J. J. Blaising, Sabine Riemann, A. Degré, E. Gonzalez, Z. M. Wang, F. Marzano, G. Coignet, C. Maña, I. C. Brock, W. Krenz, K. Deiters, Christopher George Tully, T. Azemoon, P. Lebrun, P. Blömeke, G. B. Mills, W. Kittel, BT Bouwens, H. Haan, K. N. Qureshi, C. Dionisi, W.W. Kinnison, Pablo Garcia-Abia, S. Lanzano, Bernardo Adeva, L. 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Massaro, Robert Clare, Igor Vorobiev, M. Hebert, Thomas Hebbeker, Panos A Razis, X.L. Wang, Paul Lecoq, R. W. Kraemer, M. Napolitano, A. Gordeev, Stéphane Jézéquel, E. Soderstrom, H. S. Chen, J. Berdugo, L. Servoli, Z.Q. Yang, F. Plasil, Mingshui Chen, D. Ren, U. Vikas, A. Contin, Alexander Savin, M. Guanziroli, J. P. Martin, E. Shumilov, V. Shoutko, M. Tonutti, D. Pandoulas, T. McMahon, B., Adeva, O., Adriani, M., Aguilarbenitez, H., Akbari, J., Alcaraz, Aloisio, Alberto, G., Alverson, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, G., Ambrosi, Q., An, H., Anderhub, A. L., Anderson, V. P., Andreev, T., Angelov, L., Antonov, D., Antreasyan, P., Arce, A., Arefiev, T., Azemoon, T., Aziz, P. V., K., P., Bagnaia, J. A., Bakken, L., Baksay, R. C., Ball, S., Banerjee, J., Bao, R., Barillere, L., Barone, R., Battiston, A., Bay, U., Becker, F., Behner, J., Behren, S., Beingessner, G. L., Bencze, J., Berdugo, P., Berge, B., Bertucci, B. L., Betev, A., Biland, G. M., Bilei, R., Bizzarri, J. J., Blaising, P., Blomeke, B., Blumenfeld, G. J., Bobbink, M., Bocciolini, R., Bock, A., Bohm, B., Borgia, D., Bourilkov, M., Bourquin, D., Boutigny, B., Bouwen, E., Brambilla, J. G., Branson, I. C., Brock, F., Bruyant, C., Buisson, A., Bujak, J. D., Burger, J. P., Burq, J., Busenitz, X. D., Cai, M., Capell, M., Caria, G., Carlino, F., Carminati, A. M., Cartacci, M., Cerrada, F., Cesaroni, Y. H., Chang, U. K., Chaturvedi, M., Chemarin, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Chiefari, Giovanni, C. Y., Chien, M., Chmeissani, C., Civinini, I., Clare, R., Clare, H. O., Cohn, G., Coignet, N., Colino, V., Commichau, G., Conforto, A., Contin, F., Crijn, X. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, R., Dalessandro, R., Deasmundi, A., Degre, K., Deiter, E., Dene, P., Dene, F., Denotaristefani, M., Dhina, D., Dibitonto, M., Diemoz, H. R., Dimitrov, C., Dionisi, M. T., Dova, E., Drago, T., Driever, D., Duchesneau, P., Duinker, I., Duran, H., Elmamouni, A., Engler, F. J., Eppling, F. C., Erne, P., Extermann, R., Fabbretti, M., Fabre, S., Falciano, Q., Fan, S. J., Fan, O., Fackler, J., Fay, T., Ferguson, G., Fernandez, F., Ferroni, H., Fesefeldt, E., Fiandrini, J., Field, F., Filthaut, G., Finocchiaro, P. H., Fisher, G., Forconi, T., Foreman, K., Freudenreich, W., Friebel, M., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, Y., Galaktionov, E., Gallo, S. N., Ganguli, P., Garciaabia, S. S., Gau, D., Gele, S., Gentile, M., Glaubman, S., Goldfarb, Z. F., Gong, E., Gonzalez, A., Gordeev, P., Gottlicher, D., Goujon, G., Gratta, C., Grinnell, M., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, J. K., Guo, A., Gurtu, H. R., Gustafson, L. J., Gutay, H., Haan, A., Hasan, D., Hauschildt, C. F., He, T., Hebbeker, M., Hebert, G., Herten, U., Herten, A., Herve, K., Hilger, H., Hofer, H., Hoorani, L. S., Hsu, G., Hu, G. Q., Hu, B., Ille, M. M., Ilya, V., Innocente, H., Janssen, S., Jezequel, B. N., Jin, L. W., Jone, A., Kasser, R. A., Khan, Y., Kamyshkov, Y., Karyotaki, M., Kaur, S., Khokhar, V., Khoze, M. N., Kienzlefocacci, W., Kinnison, D., Kirkby, W., Kittel, A., Klimentov, A. C., Konig, O., Kornadt, V., Koutsenko, R. W., Kraemer, T., Kramer, V. R., Krastev, W., Krenz, J., Krizmanic, K. S., Kumar, V., Kumar, A., Kunin, V., Lalieu, G., Landi, K., Laniu, D., Lanske, S., Lanzano, P., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, D., Lee, I., Leedom, J. M., Legoff, L., Leistam, R., Leiste, M., Lenti, E., Leonardi, J., Lettry, P. M., Levchenko, X., Leyten, C., Li, H. T., Li, J. F., Li, L., Li, P. J., Li, Q., Li, X. G., Li, J. Y., Liao, Z. Y., Lin, F. L., Linde, B., Lindemann, D., Linnhofer, R., Liu, Y., Liu, W., Lohmann, E., Longo, Y. S., Lu, J. M., Lubber, K., Lubelsmeyer, C., Luci, D., Luckey, L., Ludovici, L., Luminari, W. G., Ma, M., Macdermott, R., Magahiz, P. K., Malhotra, R., Malik, A., Malinin, C., Mana, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Mao, M., Maolinbay, P., Marchesini, A., Marchionni, J. P., Martin, L., Martinezlaso, F., Marzano, G. G., G., T., Matsuda, K., Mazumdar, P., Mcbride, T., Mcmahon, D., Mcnally, T., Meinholz, M., Merk, Merola, Leonardo, M., Meschini, W. J., Metzger, Y., Mi, G. B., Mill, Y., Mir, G., Mirabelli, J., Mnich, M., Moller, B., Monteleoni, G., Morand, R., Morand, S., Morganti, N. E., Moulai, R., Mount, S., Muller, E., Nagy, Napolitano, Marco, H., Newman, C., Neyer, M. A., Niaz, L., Niessen, H., Nowak, D., Pandoula, M., Pauluzzi, F., Pau, F., Plasil, G., Passaleva, Patricelli, Sergio, Y. J., Pei, D., Perretgallix, J., Perrier, A., Pevsner, M., Pieri, P. A., Piroue, V., Plyaskin, M., Pohl, V., Pojidaev, N., Produit, J. M., Qian, K. N., Qureshi, R., Raghavan, G., Rahalcallot, G., Raven, P., Razi, K., Read, D., Ren, Z., Ren, S., Reucroft, A., Ricker, S., Riemann, O., Rind, C., Rippich, H. A., Rizvi, B. P., Roe, M., Rohner, S., Rohner, L., Romero, J., Rose, S., Rosierlee, R., Rosmalen, P., Rosselet, A., Rubbia, J. A., Rubio, W., Ruckstuhl, H., Rykaczewski, M., Sachwitz, J., Salicio, J. M., Salicio, G., Sander, A., Santocchia, M. S., Sarakino, G., Sartorelli, G., Sauvage, A., Savin, V., Schegelsky, K., Schmiemann, D., Schmitz, P., Schmitz, M., Schneegan, H., Schopper, D. J., Schotanu, S., Shotkin, H. J., Schreiber, R., Schulte, S., Schulte, K., Schultze, J., Schutte, J., Schwenke, G., Schwering, Sciacca, Crisostomo, I., Scott, R., Sehgal, P. G., Seiler, J. C., Sen, L., Servoli, I., Sheer, D. Z., Shen, V., Shevchenko, S., Shevchenko, X. R., Shi, K., Shmakov, V., Shoutko, E., Shumilov, N., Smirnov, E., Soderstrom, A., Sopczak, C., Spartioti, T., Spickermann, P., Spillantini, R., Starosta, M., Steuer, D. P., Stickland, F., Sticozzi, W., Stoeffl, H., Stone, K., Strauch, B. C., Stringfellow, K., Sudhakar, G., Sultanov, R. L., Sumner, L. Z., Sun, H., Suter, R. B., Sutton, J. D., Swain, A. A., Syed, X. W., Tang, E., Tarkovsky, L., Taylor, C., Timmerman, S. C., C., S. M., Ting, Y. P., Tong, F., Tonisch, M., Tonutti, S. C., Tonwar, J., Toth, G., Trowitzsch, C., Tully, K. L., Tung, J., Ulbricht, L., Urban, U., Uwer, E., Valente, R. T., Vandewalle, I., Vetlitsky, G., Viertel, P., Vika, U., Vika, M., Vivargent, H., Vogel, H., Vogt, G., Vondardel, I., Vorobiev, A. A., Vorobyov, L., Vuilleumier, M., Wadhwa, W., Wallraff, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wang, A., Weber, J., Weber, R., Weill, T. J., Wenau, J., Wenninger, M., White, C., Willmott, F., Wittgenstein, D., Wright, R. J., Wu, S. L., Wu, S. X., Wu, Y. G., Wu, B., Wyslouch, Y. Y., Xie, Y. D., Xu, Z. Z., Xu, Z. L., Xue, D. S., Yan, X. J., Yan, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Yang, C. H., Ye, J. B., Ye, Q., Ye, S. C., Yeh, Z. W., Yin, J. M., You, M., Yzerman, C., Zaccardelli, P., Zemp, M., Zeng, Y., Zeng, D. H., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, J. F., Zhou, R. Y., Zhu, H. L., Zhuang, A., Zichichi, and IHEF (IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, E+E ANNIHILATION, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, AVERAGE LIFETIME, 01 natural sciences, DECAYS, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, BOTTOM HADRONS, UPDATE, QUARKS, Impact parameter, FRAGMENTATION, 010306 general physics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton
Abstract

From a fit to the impact parameter distribution of lepton tracks from semileptonic b decay, the lifetime of B-hadrons produced in e + e − collisions at the Z 0 is measured to be 1.32±0.08 (stat.)±0.09(syst.) ps. Combined with an earlier measurement of the branching ratio Br(B→l ν X), the CKM matrix element | V cb | is determined to be 0.046±0.002 (exp.) −0.003 +0.004 (theory).

Published
1991

23. Search for lepton flavour violation in Z$^0$ decays

Author

J. Y. Liao, M. Möller, Emilio Leonardi, J. Schütte, H. F. Chen, Y. Mi, C. Dionisi, R. Bock, H. R. Gustafson, Pablo Garcia-Abia, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Alain Hervé, M. Fabre, J. M. Salicio, An.A. Vorobyov, Luciano Barone, E. Valente, A. Bay, L. Baksay, S. X. Wu, F. Bruyant, G. Chiefari, D. Duchesneau, T. Angelov, T. Matsuda, S. C. Tonwar, Sc Yeh, R. Mount, Georgi Sultanov, S. Shevchenko, Carlo Civinini, M. Maolinbay, D. McNally, J.F. Li, G. Raven, T. S. Dai, Q.Y. Yang, R. A. Khan, K. Lanius, Jianming Qian, G. Hu, F. Behner, R.B. Sutton, D. DiBitonto, G. Fernandez, L. Romero, H. Suter, Ph. Rosselet, O. Adriani, Frank Filthaut, X.G. Li, Lucas Taylor, Thomas Ferguson, Dimitri Bourilkov, M. Aguilar-Benitez, Herwig Schopper, E. Dénes, V. Commichau, H. J. Schreiber, Valentin V. Khoze, M. Steuer, G. Forconi, J. Weber, M. Bourquin, X. Leytens, G. Viertel, C-Q. Li, V. P. Andreev, E. Brambilla, C. Neyer, G.J. Bobbink, R. Bizzarri, A. Hasan, F. DeNotaristefani, D. Pandoulas, T. McMahon, L. Leistam, N. E. Moulai, M. Chemarin, P. Berges, M. White, Carlos Willmott, R. Leiste, L. Antonov, Marta Felcini, D. Perret-Gallix, K. Strauch, M. Fukushima, A. A. Syed, Speranza Falciano, M. J. Glaubman, Y. D. Xu, Z. F. Gong, Francesco Becattini, M. Capell, J. Krizmanic, Hans J. Vogel, S. Morganti, G. M. Chen, Y. F. Wang, H. T. Li, R.J. Wu, M. Sachwitz, V.R. Krastev, E. Gonzalez, B. Monteleoni, F. Sticozzi, B. N. Jin, B.C. Stringfellow, R. Barillère, G. Sauvage, H. Nowak, M. Yzerman, F. Crijns, Petr Levchenko, S. Röhner, S. Lanzano, Bernardo Adeva, H. El Mamouni, J. Behrens, T. Spickermann, P. J. Li, P. Schmitz, J. Schwenke, X. Y. Cui, E. Fiandrini, L. Martinez-Laso, C. Spartiotis, F. Wittgenstein, P. Lebrun, Jun Guo, B. Lindemann, Wolfgang Stoeffl, L. Ludovici, M. Chmeissani, R. Liu, M. Bocciolini, P. Arce, A. Arefiev, K. Freudenreich, S. S. Gau, T. J. Wenaus, G. Finocchiaro, BT Bouwens, Giovanni Ambrosi, E. Drago, L. Niessen, G. Schwering, H.R. Dimitrov, R. Morand, Z. L. Xue, J. M. Le Goff, G. S. Sanders, Howard A. Stone, Harvey B Newman, G. Herten, Marcel Merk, Aa Vorobyov, Yu. Kamyshkov, J. Perrier, W. Wallraff, T. Driever, D. Goujon, P.V.K.S. Baba, D. Linnhofer, H. L. Zhuang, Bernard Ille, K. Hilgers, Q. Fan, M. S. Sarakinos, J. D. Burger, G. Rahal-Callot, P. G. Seiler, Mw Gruenewald, J. A. Rubio, P. Vikas, Qiang Li, R. Malik, W. Friebel, O. Rind, G. B. Mills, O. Fackler, Vincenzo Innocente, M. N. Kienzle-Focacci, R. Rosmalen, U. Uwer, A. Chen, J. Salicio, M. Vivargent, Federico Carminati, J. M. Lubbers, M.L. Chen, S. Banerjee, M. Caria, L. Urbán, Roberto Battiston, Hafeez R. Hoorani, F. Marzano, K. Schultze, E. Tarkovsky, C. G. Yang, A. Gordeev, R. Magahiz, C. Maña, D. Lanske, Y. H. Chang, A. Sopczak, G. Coignet, W. Krenz, J. D. Swain, U. Herten, Jiunn-Wei Chen, Marcella Diemoz, Wen-Gan Ma, Peter Denes, I. C. Brock, Raffaello D'Alessandro, K. S. Kumar, B. Borgia, Igor Vorobiev, J. Ulbricht, C. Grinnell, D. Z. Shen, M. Hebert, R. Sehgal, Zhuoxiang Ren, J. A. Bakken, Paolo Bagnaia, Bolek Wyslouch, Qian Wang, M. Pauluzzi, M. Wadhwa, D. J. Schotanus, U. K. Chaturvedi, S. Schulte, Y. S. Lu, Samuel C.C. Ting, J. M. You, Steven Goldfarb, Alberto Aloisio, G. Von Dardel, A. Degré, W. Kittel, D. Antreasyan, K. Schmiemann, A. Savin, K. Sudhakar, Marco Meschini, Qi An, A. Ricker, N. Produit, L. Z. Sun, P. McBride, G. M. Bilei, G. A. Yang, V. Lalieu, D. P. Stickland, Kajari Mazumdar, A. Malinin, Jérôme Rose, G. Passaleva, J. H. Field, H. Anderhub, C. Y. Chien, P. Marchesini, Leonardo Merola, Ming Zeng, C. F. He, Panos A Razis, Th. Meinholz, I. Clare, J. Busenitz, S. Khokhar, D. Gele, X. J. Yan, S. Müller, Y. Mir, C. H. Ye, V. Plyaskin, X. L. Wang, E. Nagy, Yuehong Xie, Christopher George Tully, X. W. Tang, M. Röhner, V. Koutsenko, Christine Buisson, H. Janssen, K.S. Yang, L.S. Hsu, P. Göttlicher, I. Sheer, P. A. Piroué, P. Duinker, Xd Cai, Z. M. Wang, Wolfgang Lohmann, H. Vogt, T. Azemoon, M. Schneegans, D. M. Lee, George Alverson, Tariq Aziz, A. Pevsner, B. Bertucci, J.P. Burq, Y.F. Mao, R. T. Van de Walle, J. B. Ye, Jozsef Toth, M. T. Dova, J. Lettry, Claudio Luci, P. Blömeke, Nicanor Colino, Vineet Kumar, Stéphane Jézéquel, P. Zemp, Elisabetta Gallo, A. Kasser, Guofan Hu, H. O. Cohn, Barry Blumenfeld, R. de Asmundis, L. Li, I. Scott, Chenliang Wang, S. Patricelli, F. Ferroni, Y. Zeng, S. Reucroft, Marcos Cerrada, A. Klimentov, Valery Schegelsky, Antonino Zichichi, A. C. Weber, J. G. Branson, S. Shotkin, Crisostomo Sciacca, Ph Fisher, Marco Pieri, C. Rippich, H. Rykaczewski, Z. W. Yin, S. N. Ganguli, Simonetta Gentile, J. Berdugo, Y. Karyotakis, Atul Gurtu, K. Deiters, Zhen Zhang, B. P. Roe, Q. Ye, Kenneth Francis Read, D. Hauschildt, A. Bujak, Oliver Kornadt, M. Pohl, Yu. Galaktionov, J. Alcaraz, G. Mirabelli, Attilio Santocchia, Jean Fay, M. Dhina, D. Boutigny, K. Lübelsmeyer, Piero Spillantini, Z. Y. Lin, Z.Q. Yang, J.H. Wang, Cheng Chen, W. J. Burger, Zhongyukun Xu, P. K. Malhotra, H. A. Rizvi, A. Kunin, Lamberto Luminari, A. Böhm, C. Zaccardelli, W. W. Kinnison, L. J. Gutay, U. Becker, W. J. Metzger, D. Kirby, M. Guanziroli, R. C. Ball, Pierre Lecomte, I. Duran, F. L. Linde, G. Sartorelli, J. P. Martin, E. Shumilov, Charles Timmermans, F. J. Eppling, L. W. Jones, D. S. Yan, S. M. Ting, V. Shoutko, W. Y. Chen, M. Tonutti, F. Plasil, Mingshui Chen, Adrian Biland, G. Gratta, K.D. Shmakov, S. J. Fan, D. Ren, U. Vikas, A. Contin, A. Engler, H. S. Fesefeldt, R. Weill, M. Lenti, A. L. Anderson, Ying Wu, J. F. Zhou, M. MacDermott, T. Kramer, M. A. Niaz, J. J. Blaising, P. Extermann, H. Haan, I. Leedom, B. Z. Yang, Mariagrazia Alviggi, H. Hofer, K. L. Tung, I. Vetlitsky, Egidio Longo, J.C. Sens, M. M. Ilyas, G. Landi, Simone Paoletti, Manjit Kaur, H. Akbari, Daqiang Zhang, Y. J. Pei, D.W. Schmitz, G.G.G. Massaro, D.N. Mao, Robert Clare, Thomas Hebbeker, Paul Lecoq, R. W. Kraemer, M. Gailloud, M. Napolitano, S. Kirsch, E. Soderstrom, H. S. Chen, L. Servoli, D. Wright, R. Fabbretti, S. L. Wu, X. R. Shi, Felicitas Pauss, S. Rosier-Lees, P. Le Coultre, Zheng Wang, Yanwen Liu, Sabine Riemann, K. N. Qureshi, R. Starosta, D. Luckey, Gy L. Bencze, Reinhard W. Schulte, A. M. Cartacci, S. Beingessner, R. Raghavan, J. Mnich, A. C. König, Y.P. Tong, F. C. Erné, Laurent Vuilleumier, A. Rubbia, T. Foreman, J. Bao, R. L. Sumner, G. H. Wang, J. Wenninger, V. Pojidaev, Nikita Smirnov, B. L. Betev, G. Morand, F. Cesaroni, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), CMS, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L3, B., Adeva, O., Adriani, M., Aguilarbenitez, H., Akbari, J., Alcaraz, Aloisio, Alberto, G., Alverson, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, G., Ambrosi, Q., An, H., Anderhub, A. L., Anderson, V. P., Andreev, T., Angelov, L., Antonov, D., Antreasyan, P., Arce, A., Arefiev, T., Azemoon, T., Aziz, P. V., K., P., Bagnaia, J. A., Bakken, L., Baksay, R. C., Ball, S., Banerjee, J., Bao, R., Barillere, L., Barone, R., Battiston, A., Bay, F., Becattini, U., Becker, F., Behner, J., Behren, S., Beingessner, G. L., Bencze, J., Berdugo, P., Berge, B., Bertucci, B. L., Betev, A., Biland, G. M., Bilei, R., Bizzarri, J. J., Blaising, P., Blomeke, B., Blumenfeld, G. J., Bobbink, M., Bocciolini, R., Bock, A., Bohm, B., Borgia, D., Bourilkov, M., Bourquin, D., Boutigny, B., Bouwen, E., Brambilla, J. G., Branson, I. C., Brock, F., Bruyant, C., Buisson, A., Bujak, J. D., Burger, W., Burger, J. P., Burq, J., Busenitz, X. D., Cai, M., Capell, M., Caria, F., Carminati, A. M., Cartacci, M., Cerrada, F., Cesaroni, Y. H., Chang, U. K., Chaturvedi, M., Chemarin, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Chiefari, Giovanni, C. Y., Chien, M., Chmeissani, C., Civinini, I., Clare, R., Clare, H. O., Cohn, G., Coignet, N., Colino, V., Commichau, A., Contin, F., Crijn, X. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, R., Dalessandro, R., Deasmundi, A., Degre, K., Deiter, E., Dene, P., Dene, F., Denotaristefani, M., Dhina, D., Dibitonto, M., Diemoz, H. R., Dimitrov, C., Dionisi, M. T., Dova, E., Drago, T., Driever, D., Duchesneau, P., Duinker, I., Duran, H., Elmamouni, A., Engler, F. J., Eppling, F. C., Erne, P., Extermann, R., Fabbretti, M., Fabre, S., Falciano, Q., Fan, S. J., Fan, O., Fackler, J., Fay, M., Felcini, T., Ferguson, G., Fernandez, F., Ferroni, H., Fesefeldt, E., Fiandrini, J., Field, F., Filthaut, G., Finocchiaro, P. H., Fisher, G., Forconi, T., Foreman, K., Freudenreich, W., Friebel, M., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, Y., Galaktionov, E., Gallo, S. N., Ganguli, P., Garciaabia, S. S., Gau, D., Gele, S., Gentile, M., Glaubman, S., Goldfarb, Z. F., Gong, E., Gonzalez, A., Gordeev, P., Gottlicher, D., Goujon, G., Gratta, C., Grinnell, M., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, J. K., Guo, A., Gurtu, H. R., Gustafson, L. J., Gutay, H., Haan, A., Hasan, D., Hauschildt, C. F., He, T., Hebbeker, M., Hebert, G., Herten, U., Herten, A., Herve, K., Hilger, H., Hofer, H., Hoorani, L. S., Hsu, G., Hu, G. Q., Hu, B., Ille, M. M., Ilya, V., Innocente, H., Janssen, S., Jezequel, B. N., Jin, L. W., Jone, A., Kasser, R. A., Khan, Y., Kamyshkov, Y., Karyotaki, M., Kaur, S., Khokhar, V., Khoze, M. N., Kienzlefocacci, W., Kinnison, D., Kirkby, S., Kirsch, W., Kittel, A., Klimentov, A. C., Konig, O., Kornadt, V., Koutsenko, R. W., Kraemer, T., Kramer, V. R., Krastev, W., Krenz, J., Krizmanic, K. S., Kumar, V., Kumar, A., Kunin, V., Lalieu, G., Landi, K., Laniu, D., Lanske, S., Lanzano, P., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, D., Lee, I., Leedom, J. M., Legoff, L., Leistam, R., Leiste, M., Lenti, E., Leonardi, J., Lettry, P. M., Levchenko, X., Leyten, C., Li, H. T., Li, J. F., Li, L., Li, P. J., Li, Q., Li, X. G., Li, J. Y., Liao, Z. Y., Lin, F. L., Linde, B., Lindemann, D., Linnhofer, R., Liu, Y., Liu, W., Lohmann, E., Longo, Y. S., Lu, J. M., Lubber, K., Lubelsmeyer, C., Luci, D., Luckey, L., Ludovici, L., Luminari, W. G., Ma, M., Macdermott, R., Magahiz, P. K., Malhotra, R., Malik, A., Malinin, C., Mana, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Mao, M., Maolinbay, P., Marchesini, J. P., Martin, L., Martinezlaso, F., Marzano, G. G., G., T., Matsuda, K., Mazumdar, P., Mcbride, T., Mcmahon, D., Mcnally, T., Meinholz, M., Merk, Merola, Leonardo, M., Meschini, W. J., Metzger, Y., Mi, G. B., Mill, Y., Mir, G., Mirabelli, J., Mnich, M., Moller, B., Monteleoni, G., Morand, R., Morand, S., Morganti, N. E., Moulai, R., Mount, S., Muller, E., Nagy, Napolitano, Marco, H., Newman, C., Neyer, M. A., Niaz, L., Niessen, H., Nowak, D., Pandoula, M., Pauluzzi, F., Pau, F., Plasil, G., Passaleva, S., Paoletti, Patricelli, Sergio, Y. J., Pei, D., Perretgallix, J., Perrier, A., Pevsner, M., Pieri, P. A., Piroue, V., Plyaskin, M., Pohl, V., Pojidaev, N., Produit, J. M., Qian, K. N., Qureshi, R., Raghavan, G., Rahalcallot, G., Raven, P., Razi, K., Read, D., Ren, Z., Ren, S., Reucroft, A., Ricker, S., Riemann, O., Rind, C., Rippich, H. A., Rizvi, B. P., Roe, M., Rohner, S., Rohner, L., Romero, J., Rose, S., Rosierlee, R., Rosmalen, P., Rosselet, A., Rubbia, J. A., Rubio, H., Rykaczewski, M., Sachwitz, J., Salicio, J. M., Salicio, G., Sander, A., Santocchia, M. S., Sarakino, G., Sartorelli, G., Sauvage, A., Savin, V., Schegelsky, K., Schmiemann, D., Schmitz, P., Schmitz, M., Schneegan, H., Schopper, D. J., Schotanu, S., Shotkin, H. J., Schreiber, R., Schulte, S., Schulte, K., Schultze, J., Schutte, J., Schwenke, G., Schwering, Sciacca, Crisostomo, I., Scott, R., Sehgal, P. G., Seiler, J. C., Sen, L., Servoli, I., Sheer, D. Z., Shen, S., Shevchenko, X. R., Shi, K., Shmakov, V., Shoutko, E., Shumilov, N., Smirnov, E., Soderstrom, A., Sopczak, C., Spartioti, T., Spickermann, P., Spillantini, R., Starosta, M., Steuer, D. P., Stickland, F., Sticozzi, W., Stoeffl, H., Stone, K., Strauch, B. C., Stringfellow, K., Sudhakar, G., Sultanov, R. L., Sumner, L. Z., Sun, H., Suter, R. B., Sutton, J. D., Swain, A. A., Syed, X. W., Tang, E., Tarkovsky, L., Taylor, C., Timmerman, S. C., C., S. M., Ting, Y. P., Tong, M., Tonutti, S. C., Tonwar, J., Toth, C., Tully, K. L., Tung, J., Ulbricht, L., Urban, U., Uwer, E., Valente, R. T., Vandewalle, I., Vetlitsky, G., Viertel, P., Vika, U., Vika, M., Vivargent, H., Vogel, H., Vogt, G., Vondardel, I., Vorobiev, A. A., Vorobyov, L., Vuilleumier, M., Wadhwa, W., Wallraff, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wang, A., Weber, J., Weber, R., Weill, T. J., Wenau, J., Wenninger, M., White, C., Willmott, F., Wittgenstein, D., Wright, R. J., Wu, S. L., Wu, S. X., Wu, Y. G., Wu, B., Wyslouch, Y. Y., Xie, Y. D., Xu, Z. Z., Xu, Z. L., Xue, D. S., Yan, X. J., Yan, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Yang, C. H., Ye, J. B., Ye, Q., Ye, S. C., Yeh, Z. W., Yin, J. M., You, M., Yzerman, C., Zaccardelli, P., Zemp, M., Zeng, Y., Zeng, D. H., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, J. F., Zhou, R. Y., Zhu, H. L., Zhuang, A., Zichichi, and IHEF (IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Large electron positron collider, Flavour, 01 natural sciences, BHABHA SCATTERING, MONTE-CARLO, TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS, Z0, 010306 general physics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Ciencias Exactas, Boson, HIGH-ENERGIES, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS, Física, MODEL, Lepton flavour violation, PHOTON CORRECTIONS, TAU, Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton
Abstract

We have searched for lepton flavour violation in Z0 boson decays into lepton pairs, Z0→μτ, Z0→eτ, and Z0→eμ. The data sample is based on an integrated luminosity of 10.4 pb-1 corresponding to 370 000 Z0’s produced. We obtain upper limits on the branching ratios of 4.8 X 10-5 for the μτ 3.4 X 10-5 for the eτ and 2.4 X 10-5 for the eμ decay modes at the 95% confidence level., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas

Published
1991
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24. MEASUREMENT OF Z0-]BBBAR DECAY PROPERTIES

Author

W. Wallraff, Guofan Hu, Marco Meschini, D. Kirkby, A. Arefiev, H. Anderhub, Aa Vorobyov, J. G. Branson, J. Von Rango, E. Thomas, J.H. Wang, K. N. Qureshi, R. Leiste, Zhongyukun Xu, P. K. Malhotra, T. Foreman, A. Kunin, Y.J. Pei, Wolfgang Lohmann, H. Vogt, Z. W. Yin, J.M. Qian, S. N. Ganguli, H. van der Graaf, Philip Kaaret, B. Bertucci, D. Zhang, J. Ulbricht, A. Degré, Nicanor Colino, G. Herten, W. Friebel, G. Faber, D. Kaplan, W. J. Metzger, Corinne Goy, M. Guanziroli, F. Marzano, W.-D. Nowak, Petr Levchenko, R. Dolin, W. Krenz, G. Schwering, L. Montanet, G.G.G. Massaro, D. Pandoulas, U. Micke, D. Linnhofer, R. Mount, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Matsuda, A. Kuhn, J. P. Martin, F. Wittgenstein, F. Carbonara, O. Adriani, J. A. Bakken, Federico Carminati, S. Beingessner, L. Ludovici, J. Mnich, L. Martinez, E. Shumilov, J. Zoll, E. Drago, M. Elkacimi, P. Duinker, J. Bao, L. Niessen, F. L. Linde, M. Fukushima, Raffaello D'Alessandro, R. Morand, Z. L. Xue, M. Schöntag, W. Böhlen, Samuel C.C. Ting, V. Shoutko, T. Driever, T. Kramer, Y. Mi, L. Urbàn, J. Berdugo, B. Spiess, D. Antreasyan, J. J. Blaising, G. Landi, M. J. Glaubman, L. Antonov, T. Spickermann, S. Kwan, S. Schulte, M. Harris, C. Grinnell, Leonardo Merola, Steven Goldfarb, R.B. Sutton, P. Schmitz, Howard A. Stone, Alexei Klimentov, J. M. Le Goff, D.H. Zhang, P. Vikas, T.S. Dai, V. Lalieu, H. Haan, M. Tonutti, P. J. Li, P. Lebrun, Dimitri Bourilkov, W. Walk, Mariagrazia Alviggi, C. Pols, Z.F. Gong, W. Ruckstuhl, C. Camps, Mingshui Chen, V. Plyaskin, S. C. Tonwar, R. De Asmudis, D.N. Mao, C. Souyri, Luciano Romero, Fridolin Dittus, B. Monteleoni, Yu. Kamyshkov, C. Zabounidis, Qian Wang, K. Freudenreich, Mw Gruenewald, Bernard Ille, V. Koutsenko, D. P. Stickland, D. Goujon, E. Dénes, A. Marchionni, Wen-Gan Ma, Qi An, S. Lökös, T. Azemoon, I. Vetlitsky, J. A. Rubio, R. Magahiz, Konrad Deiters, Y. Mir, C. H. Ye, P. Marchesini, V. Morgunov, J.M. Thenard, A.M. Cartacci, Thomas Ferguson, S. Patricelli, K.S. Yang, W. Kittel, J.P. Burq, C. G. Yang, C. F. He, K. Sudhakar, E. Jagel, S.Y. Zhang, R.C. Ball, Adrian Biland, H.R. Dimitrov, Th. Rombach, V.R. Krastev, S. Rosier-Lees, Ming Zeng, U. Uwer, Marcos Cerrada, F. Cesaroni, J. Y. Liao, J. D. Burger, E. Gonzalez, B. Borgia, M. Gailloud, D. Ren, T. Riemann, Q. Ye, B. N. Jin, S. X. Wu, G. Sauvage, A. van Laak, Simonetta Gentile, A. Chen, Alberto Aloisio, K.D. Shmakov, S. J. Fan, A. Pevsner, A. Grimes, P. McBride, G. Rahal-Callot, P. Le Coultre, A. Sopczak, X. Leytens, J. Salicio, M. Röhner, J. Schütte, A. Contin, Ph. Rosselet, S. Lanzano, Bernardo Adeva, X. L. Wang, E. Nagy, Harvey B Newman, M. Steuer, B. P. Roe, L.S. Hsu, K. Hangarter, G. Forconi, Alexander Savin, J. Weber, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Luciano Barone, Barry Blumenfeld, M. Vivargent, Christine Buisson, Kenneth Francis Read, M. Schneegans, G. Conforto, K. Hilgers, A. Heavey, C-Q. Li, Th. Meinholz, A. Engler, K. Schultze, E. Tarkovsky, F. Bruyant, Valery Schegelsky, E. Perrin, Antonino Zichichi, J.M. Lubbers, A. Böhm, Y.F. Mao, X.R. Shi, Z. M. Wang, I. Clare, M. Sachwitz, Yu. Galaktionov, M. Capell, Jozsef Toth, J. Lettry, Claudio Luci, F.C. Erné, Q.Y. Yang, A. Gurtu, Elisabetta Gallo, X. W. Tang, D. Güsewell, R. Starosta, D. Luckey, Gy L. Bencze, H. Rykaczewski, F. Ferroni, R. T. Van de Walle, R. Liu, V. Commichau, H. J. Schreiber, D. Lanske, Y. Karyotakis, Igor Vorobiev, D. Perret-Gallix, J. Alcaraz, H. S. Fesefeldt, Sc Yeh, G. Fernandez, I. Sheer, R. Bizzarri, S. Hancke, P. A. Piroué, Ian Brock, Y. Zeng, P. Göttlicher, U. Herten, F. DeNotaristefani, G.B. Mills, G. Coignet, Reinhard W. Schulte, C. Dionisi, Alain Hervé, L. Leistam, Chenliang Wang, S. S. Gau, M. Hebert, Panos A Razis, L. Baksay, Tariq Aziz, M. Bocciolini, P.V.K.S. Baba, Oliver Kornadt, M. Pohl, Jean Fay, M. Bourquin, Cheng Chen, P.G. Seiler, M. Dhina, D. Boutigny, A. Bay, D. Campana, R.J. Wu, Peter Denes, K. Strauch, S. Reucroft, G. Gratta, P. Blömeke, H. Fenker, A. Gordeev, M. Micke, Carlo Civinini, Z. Y. Lin, B. Stöhr, Boleslaw Wyslouch, C.Y. Chien, M.L. Chen, Paolo Bagnaia, M. Maolinbay, Lamberto Luminari, P. Berges, T. Angelov, X.G. Li, Kajari Mazumdar, X. D. Cai, M. Gettner, X. Lue, M. Aguilar-Benitez, I. Duran, P. F. Klok, M. Maire, G. Hu, C. Maña, Marcella Diemoz, Crisostomo Sciacca, Marco Pieri, Herwig Schopper, U. K. Chaturvedi, J. Fehlmann, L. Li, Y. S. Lu, M. White, Z.Q. Yang, Alexander Malinin, C. Rippich, Carlos Willmott, G. Von Dardel, Jérôme Rose, R. Wilhelm, J. H. Field, Pierre Lecomte, J.F. Li, Y. H. Chang, H. T. Li, George Alverson, T. Böhringer, E. Valente, M. Fabre, Charles Timmermans, H. Suter, Y.F. Wang, Vineet Kumar, G. Viertel, Georgi Sultanov, R. A. Khan, P. Schmitt, Valentin V. Khoze, Zhen Zhang, Hans J. Vogel, S. Morganti, L. Zehnder, U. Becker, G. Mirabelli, V. P. Andreev, J. Schwenke, Sandra Consuegra Rodríguez, G.J. Bobbink, X. Y. Cui, M. Chemarin, K. Lübelsmeyer, Piero Spillantini, S. Banerjee, G. M. Chen, F. J. Eppling, L. W. Jones, D. S. Yan, S. M. Ting, M. Vollmar, D. Wright, H. F. Chen, G. Chiefari, S. Shevchenko, V. Sheevchenko, Zhuoxiang Ren, D. J. Schotanus, J. M. You, N. Produit, G. A. Yang, A. A. Syed, K. Lanius, F. Crijns, Marcel Merk, J. Perrier, Egidio Longo, M. M. Ilyas, R. Fabbretti, J.C. Sens, R. Weill, R. Raghavan, A. C. König, Y.P. Tong, Laurent Vuilleumier, E. Isiksal, A. L. Anderson, R. L. Sumner, G. H. Wang, J. Wenninger, Ying Wu, J. F. Zhou, M. MacDermott, V. Pojidaev, Nikita Smirnov, P. Extermann, I. Leedom, B. Z. Yang, H. Hofer, K. L. Tung, V. Innocente, B. L. Betev, G. Morand, S. L. Wu, Speranza Falciano, Yanwen Liu, T.J. Wenaus, H. Akbari, G. Paternoster, D.W. Schmitz, Robert Clare, Thomas Hebbeker, Paul Lecoq, R. W. Kraemer, M. Napolitano, H. S. Chen, B., Adeva, O., Adriani, M., Aguilarbenitez, H., Akbari, J., Alcaraz, Aloisio, Alberto, G., Alverson, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Q., An, H., Anderhub, A. L., Anderson, V. P., Andreev, T., Angelov, L., Antonov, D., Antreasyan, A., Arefiev, T., Azemoon, T., Aziz, P. V., K., P., Bagnaia, J. A., Bakken, L., Baksay, R. C., Ball, S., Banerjee, J., Bao, L., Barone, A., Bay, U., Becker, S., Beingessner, G. L., Bencze, J., Berdugo, P., Berge, B., Bertucci, B. L., Betev, A., Biland, R., Bizzarri, J. J., Blaising, P., Blomeke, B., Blumenfeld, G. J., Bobbink, M., Bocciolini, W., Bohlen, A., Bohm, T., Bohringer, B., Borgia, D., Bourilkov, M., Bourquin, D., Boutigny, J. G., Branson, I. C., Brock, F., Bruyant, C., Buisson, J. D., Burger, J. P., Burq, X. D., Cai, D., Campana, C., Camp, M., Capell, F., Carbonara, F., Carminati, A. M., Cartacci, M., Cerrada, F., Cesaroni, Y. H., Chang, U. K., Chaturvedi, M., Chemarin, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, Chiefari, Giovanni, C. Y., Chien, C., Civinini, I., Clare, R., Clare, G., Coignet, N., Colino, V., Commichau, G., Conforto, A., Contin, F., Crijn, X. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, R., Dalessandro, R., Deasmudi, A., Degre, K., Deiter, E., Dene, P., Dene, F., Denotaristefani, M., Dhina, M., Diemoz, H. R., Dimitrov, C., Dionisi, F., Dittu, R., Dolin, E., Drago, T., Driever, P., Duinker, I., Duran, M., Elkacimi, A., Engler, F. J., Eppling, F. C., Erne, P., Extermann, R., Fabbretti, G., Faber, S., Falciano, S. J., Fan, M., Fabre, J., Fay, J., Fehlmann, H., Fenker, T., Ferguson, G., Fernandez, F., Ferroni, H., Fesefeldt, J., Field, G., Forconi, T., Foreman, K., Freudenreich, W., Friebel, M., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, Y., Galaktionov, E., Gallo, S. N., Ganguli, S. S., Gau, S., Gentile, M., Gettner, M., Glaubman, S., Goldfarb, Z. F., Gong, E., Gonzalez, A., Gordeev, P., Gottlicher, D., Goujon, C., Goy, G., Gratta, A., Grime, C., Grinnell, M., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, A., Gurtu, D., Gusewell, H., Haan, S., Hancke, K., Hangarter, M., Harri, C. F., He, A., Heavey, T., Hebbeker, M., Hebert, G., Herten, U., Herten, A., Herve, K., Hilger, H., Hofer, L. S., Hsu, G., Hu, G. Q., Hu, B., Ille, M. M., Ilya, V., Innocente, E., Isiksal, E., Jagel, B. N., Jin, L. W., Jone, P., Kaaret, R. A., Khan, Y., Kamyshkov, D., Kaplan, Y., Karyotaki, V., Khoze, D., Kirkby, W., Kittel, A., Klimentov, P. F., Klok, A. C., Konig, O., Kornadt, V., Koutsenko, R. W., Kraemer, T., Kramer, V. R., Krastev, W., Krenz, A., Kuhn, V., Kumar, A., Kunin, S., Kwan, A., Vanlaak, V., Lalieu, G., Landi, K., Laniu, D., Lanske, S., Lanzano, P., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, I., Leedom, J. M., Legoff, L., Leistam, R., Leiste, J., Lettry, P. M., Levchenko, X., Leyten, C., Li, H. T., Li, J. F., Li, L., Li, P. J., Li, X. G., Li, J. Y., Liao, R., Liu, Y., Liu, Z. Y., Lin, F. L., Linde, D., Linnhofer, W., Lohmann, S., Loko, E., Longo, Y. S., Lu, J. M., Lubber, K., Lubelsmeyer, C., Luci, D., Luckey, L., Ludovici, X., Lue, L., Luminari, W. G., Ma, M., Macdermott, R., Magahiz, M., Maire, P. K., Malhotra, A., Malinin, C., Mana, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Mao, M., Maolinbay, P., Marchesini, A., Marchionni, J. P., Martin, L., Martinez, F., Marzano, G. G., G., T., Matsuda, K., Mazumdar, P., Mcbride, T., Meinholz, M., Merk, Merola, Leonardo, M., Meschini, W. J., Metzger, Y., Mi, M., Micke, U., Micke, G. B., Mill, Y., Mir, G., Mirabelli, J., Mnich, L., Montanet, B., Monteleoni, G., Morand, R., Morand, S., Morganti, V., Morgunov, R., Mount, E., Nagy, Napolitano, Marco, H., Newman, L., Niessen, W. D., Nowak, D., Pandoula, Paternoster, Giovanni, Patricelli, Sergio, Y. J., Pei, D., Perretgallix, J., Perrier, E., Perrin, A., Pevsner, M., Pieri, P. A., Piroue, V., Plyaskin, M., Pohl, V., Pojidaev, C. L., A., N., Produit, J. M., Qian, K. N., Qureshi, R., Raghavan, G., Rahalcallot, J., Vonrango, P., Razi, K., Read, D., Ren, Z., Ren, S., Reucroft, T., Riemann, C., Rippich, S., Rodriguez, B. P., Roe, M., Rohner, T., Rombach, L., Romero, J., Rose, S., Rosierlee, P., Rosselet, J. A., Rubio, W., Ruckstuhl, H., Rykaczewski, M., Sachwitz, J., Salicio, G., Sauvage, A., Savin, V., Schegelsky, P., Schmitt, D., Schmitz, P., Schmitz, M., Schneegan, M., Schontag, H., Schopper, D. J., Schotanu, H. J., Schreiber, R., Schulte, S., Schulte, K., Schultze, J., Schutte, J., Schwenke, G., Schwering, Sciacca, Crisostomo, P. G., Seiler, J. C., Sen, I., Sheer, V., Shevchenko, S., Shevchenko, X. R., Shi, K., Shmakov, V., Shoutko, E., Shumilov, N., Smirnov, A., Sopczak, C., Souyri, T., Spickermann, B., Spie, P., Spillantini, R., Starosta, M., Steuer, D. P., Stickland, B., Stohr, H., Stone, K., Strauch, K., Sudhakar, G., Sultanov, R. L., Sumner, H., Suter, R. B., Sutton, A. A., Syed, X. W., Tang, E., Tarkovsky, J. M., Thenard, E., Thoma, C., Timmerman, S. C., C., S. M., Ting, Y. P., Tong, M., Tonutti, S. C., Tonwar, J., Toth, K. L., Tung, J., Ulbricht, L., Urban, U., Uwer, E., Valente, R. T., Vandewalle, H., Vandergraaf, I., Vetlitsky, G., Viertel, P., Vika, M., Vivargent, H., Vogel, H., Vogt, M., Vollmar, G., Vondardel, I., Vorobiev, A. A., Vorobyov, L., Vuilleumier, W., Walk, W., Wallraff, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Wang, J., Weber, R., Weill, T. J., Wenau, J., Wenninger, M., White, R., Wilhelm, C., Willmott, F., Wittgenstein, D., Wright, R. J., Wu, S. L., Wu, S. X., Wu, Y. G., Wu, B., Wyslouch, Z. Z., Xu, Z. L., Xue, D. S., Yan, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Yang, Q., Ye, C. H., Ye, S. C., Yeh, Z. W., Yin, J. M., You, C., Zabounidi, L., Zehnder, M., Zeng, Y., Zeng, D., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, S. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, J. F., Zhou, R. Y., Zhu, A., Zichichi, and J., Zoll

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, media_common.quotation_subject, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Charge (physics), Asymmetry, Bottom quark, media_common
Abstract

We have measured the properties of Z0 → b b decays using a sample of 944 inclusive muon events, corresponding to 18 000 hadron events obtained with the L3 detector at LEP. We measured the partial decay width of the Z0 into b b , Γ b b =353±48 MeV , and we determined the vector coupling of the Z0 to the b quark; grmv2(b)=0.095±0.047. We measured the forward-backward charge asymmetry in e+e− → b b events at √s≈Mv, and obtained A b b =13.3±9.9% .

Published
1990

25. Measurement of Z0 decays to hadrons and a precise determination of the number of neutrino species

Author

Adeva, B, Adriani, O, Aguilar-Benítez, M, Akbari, H, Alcaraz, J, Aloisio, A, Alverson, G, Alviggi, M G, An, Q, Anderhub, H, Anderson, A L, Andreev, V P, Angelov, T, Antonov, L, Antreasyan, D, Arce, P, Arefev, A, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Baba, P V K S, Bagnaia, P, Bakken, J A, Baksay, L, Ball, R C, Banerjee, S, Bao, J, Barone, L, Bay, A, Becker, U, Behrens, J, Beingessner, S, Bencze, G L, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Betev, B L, Biland, A, Bizzarri, R, Blaising, J J, Blömeke, P, Blumenfeld, B, Bobbink, Gerjan J, Bocciolini, M, Böhlen, W, Böhm, A, Böhringer, T, Borgia, B, Bourilkov, D, Bourquin, Maurice, Boutigny, D, Branson, J G, Brock, I C, Bruyant, F, Burger, J D, Burq, J P, Cai, X D, Campana, D, Camps, C, Capell, M, Carbonara, F, Carminati, F, Cartacci, A M, Cerrada-Canales, M, Cesaroni, F, Chang, Y H, Chaturvedi, U K, Chemarin, M, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, G M, Chen, H F, Chen, H S, Chen, M, Chen, M L, Chiefari, G, Chien, C Y, Civinini, C, Clare, I, Clare, R, Coignet, G, Colino, N, Commichau, V, Conforto, G, Contin, A, Crijns, F, Cui, X Y, Dai, T S, D'Alessandro, R, Degré, A, Deiters, K, Dénes, E, Denes, P, De Notaristefani, F, Dhina, M, Diemoz, M, Diez Hedo, F, Dimitrov, H R, Dionisi, C, Dittus, F B, Dolin, R M, Drago, E, Driever, T, Duinker, P, Durán, I, El-Mamouni, H, Engler, A, Eppling, F J, Erné, F C, Extermann, Pierre, Fabbretti, R, Faber, G, Falciano, S, Fan, S J, Fabre, M, Fay, J, Fehlmann, J, Fenker, H C, Ferguson, T, Fernández, G, Ferroni, F, Fesefeldt, H S, Field, J, Forconi, G, Foreman, T, Freudenreich, Klaus, Friebel, W, Fukushima, M, Gailloud, M, Galaktionov, Yu, Gallo, E, Ganguli, S N, Gau, S S, Gentile, S, Gettner, M, Glaubman, M, Goldfarb, S, Gong, Z F, González, E, Gordeev, A, Göttlicher, P, Goujon, D, Gratta, Giorgio, Grimes, A, Grinnell, C, Grünewald, M W, Guanziroli, M, Gurtu, A, Güsewell, D, Haan, H, Hancke, S, Hangarter, K, Harris, M, Harting, D, Hartjes, F G, Hasan, A, He, C F, Heavey, A, Hebbeker, T, Hebert, M, Herten, G, Herten, U, Hervé, A, Hilgers, K, Hofer, H, Hsu, L S, Hu, G, Hu, G Q, Ille, B, Ilyas, M M, Innocente, Vincenzo, Isiksal, E, Jagel, E, Jakobs, C, Jin, B N, Jones, L W, Kaaret, P E, Khan, R A, Kamyshkov, Yu A, Kaplan, D, Karyotakis, Yu, Khoze, V, Kirkby, D, Kittel, E W, Klimentov, A, Klok, P F, König, A C, Kornadt, O, Koutsenko, V F, Krämer, R W, Kramer, T, Krastev, V R, Krenz, W, Krizmanic, J F, Kuhn, A, Kumar, V, Kunin, A, Kwan, S, Lalieu, V, Landi, G, Lanius, Karl, Lanske, D, Lanzano, S, Lebrun, P, Lecomte, P, Lecoq, P, Le Coultre, P, Leedom, I D, Le Goff, J M, Leistam, L, Leiste, R, Lenti, M, Lettry, Jacques, Levchenko, P M, Leytens, X, Li Chuan, Li, H T, Li, J F, Li, L, Li, P J, Li, X G, Liao, J Y, Liu, R, Liu, Y, Lin, Z Y, Linde, Frank L, Linnhöfer, D, Lohmann, W, Lökös, S, Longo, E, Lü, Y S, Lubbers, J M, Lübelsmeyer, K, Luci, C, Luckey, D, Ludovici, L, Lue, X, Luminari, L, Ma Wen Gan, MacDermott, M, Magahiz, R, Maire, M, Malhotra, P K, Malinin, A, Maña, C, Mao, D N, Mao, Y F, Maolinbay, M, Marchesini, P A, Marchionni, A, Martin, J P, Martínez, L, Marzano, F, Massaro, G G G, Matsuda, T, Mazumdar, K, McBride, P, McMahon, T, Meinholz, T, Merk, M, Merola, L, Meschini, M, Metzger, W J, Mi, Y, Micke, M, Micke, U, Mills, G B, Mir, Y, Mirabelli, G, Mnich, J, Möller, M, Montanet, Lucien, Monteleoni, B, Morand, G, Morand, R, Morganti, S, Morgunov, V, Mount, R, Nagy, E, Napolitano, M, Newman, H, Niessen, L, Nowak, Wolf-Dieter, Onvlee, J, Pandoulas, D, Paternoster, G, Patricelli, S, Pei, Y J, Peng, Y, Perret-Gallix, D, Perrier, J, Perrin, E, Pevsner, A, Pieri, M, Piroué, P A, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Pozhidaev, V, Pols, C L A, Produit, N, Qian, J M, Qureshi, K N, Raghavan, R, Rahal-Callot, G, Razis, P A, Read, K, Ren, D, Ren, Z, Reucroft, S, Riemann, Tord, Rippich, C, Rodríguez, S, Roe, B P, Röhner, M, Rombach, T, Romero, L, Rose, J, Rosier-Lees, S, Rosselet, P, Rubio, Juan Antonio, Rückstuhl, W, Rykaczewski, H, Sachwitz, M, Salicio, J, Sartorelli, G, Sauvage, G, Savin, A, Shchegelskii, V, Schmitz, D, Schmitt, P, Schmitz, P, Schneegans, M, Schöntag, M, Schopper, Herwig Franz, Schotanus, D J, Schreiber, H J, Schulte, R, Schulte, S, Schultze, K, Schütte, J, Schwenke, J, Schwering, G, Sciacca, C, Seiler, P G, Sens, Johannes C, Sheer, I, Shevchenko, S, Shevchenko, V, Shi, X R, Shmakov, K D, Shoutko, V, Shumilov, E, Smirnov, N, Sopczak, André, Souyri, C, Spickermann, T, Spiess, B, Spillantini, P, Starosta, R, Steuer, M, Stickland, D P, Stöhr, B, Stone, H, Strauch, K, Sudhakar, K, Sumner, R L, Suter, H, Sutton, R B, Swain, J D, Syed, A A, Tang, X W, Tarkovsky, E, Thénard, J M, Thomas, E, Timmermans, C, Ting, Samuel C C, Ting, S M, Tong, Y P, Tonutti, M, Tonwar, S C, Tóth, J, Tung, K L, Ulbricht, J, Urbàn, L, Uwer, U, Valente, E, Van de Walle, R T, van der Graaf, H, Vetlitskii, I, Viertel, Gert M, Vikas, P, Vivargent, M, Vogel, H, Vogt, H, Vollmar, M, von Dardel, Guy F, Vorobev, I, Vorobyov, A A, Vuilleumier, L, Walk, W, Wallraff, W, Wang, C R, Wang, G H, Wang, J H, Wang, Q F, Wang, X L, Wang, Y F, Wang, Z M, Weber, J, Weill, R, Wenaus, T J, Wenninger, J, White, M, Wilhelm, R, Willmott, C, Wittgenstein, F, Wright, D, Wu, R J, Wu Sau Lan, Wu, S X, Wu, Y G, Wyslouch, B, Xu, Y D, Xu, Z Z, Xue, Z L, Yan, D S, Yang, B Z, Yang, C G, Yang, G, Yang, K S, Yang, Q Y, Yang, Z Q, Ye, C H, Ye, Q, Yeh, S C, Yin, Z W, You, J M, Zabounidis, C R, Zehnder, L, Zeng, M, Zeng, Y, Zhang, D, Zhang, D H, Zhang, S Y, Zhang, Z P, Zhou, J F, Zhu, R Y, Zichichi, Antonino, Zoll, Julius, IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), L3, B., Adeva, O., Adriani, M., Aguilarbenitez, H., Akbari, J., Alcaraz, Aloisio, Alberto, G., Alverson, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Q., An, H., Anderhub, A. L., Anderson, V. P., Andreev, T., Angelov, L., Antonov, D., Antreasyan, A., Arefiev, T., Azemoon, T., Aziz, P. V., K., P., Bagnaia, J. A., Bakken, L., Baksay, R. C., Ball, S., Banerjee, J., Bao, L., Barone, A., Bay, U., Becker, S., Beingessner, G. L., Bencze, J., Berdugo, P., Berge, B., Bertucci, B. L., Betev, A., Biland, R., Bizzarri, J. J., Blaising, P., Blomeke, B., Blumenfeld, G. J., Bobbink, M., Bocciolini, W., Bohlen, A., Bohm, T., Bohringer, B., Borgia, D., Bourilkov, M., Bourquin, D., Boutigny, J. G., Branson, I. C., Brock, F., Bruyant, J. D., Burger, J. P., Burq, X. D., Cai, D., Campana, C., Camp, M., Capell, F., Carbonara, F., Carminati, A. M., Cartacci, M., Cerrada, F., Cesaroni, Y. H., Chang, U. K., Chaturvedi, M., Chemarin, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, Chiefari, Giovanni, C. Y., Chien, C., Civinini, I., Clare, R., Clare, G., Coignet, N., Colino, V., Commichau, G., Conforto, A., Contin, F., Crijn, X. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, R., Dalessandro, A., Degre, K., Deiter, E., Dene, P., Dene, F., Denotaristefani, M., Dhina, M., Diemoz, H. R., Dimitrov, C., Dionisi, F., Dittu, R., Dolin, E., Drago, T., Driever, P., Duinker, I., Duran, A., Engler, F. J., Eppling, F. C., Erne, P., Extermann, R., Fabbretti, G., Faber, S., Falciano, S. J., Fan, M., Fabre, J., Fay, J., Fehlmann, H., Fenker, T., Ferguson, G., Fernandez, F., Ferroni, H., Fesefeldt, J., Field, G., Forconi, T., Foreman, K., Freudenreich, W., Friebel, M., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, Y., Galaktionov, E., Gallo, S. N., Ganguli, S. S., Gau, S., Gentile, M., Gettner, M., Glaubman, S., Goldfarb, Z. F., Gong, E., Gonzalez, A., Gordeev, P., Gottlicher, D., Goujon, C., Goy, G., Gratta, A., Grime, C., Grinnell, M., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, A., Gurtu, D., Gusewell, H., Haan, S., Hancke, K., Hangarter, M., Harri, D., Harting, F. G., Hartje, C. F., He, A., Heavey, T., Hebbeker, M., Hebert, G., Herten, U., Herten, A., Herve, K., Hilger, H., Hofer, L. S., Hsu, G., Hu, G. Q., Hu, B., Ille, M. M., Ilya, V., Innocente, E., Isiksal, E., Jagel, C., Jakob, B. N., Jin, L. W., Jone, P., Kaaret, R. A., Khan, Y., Kamyshkov, D., Kaplan, Y., Karyotaki, V., Khoze, D., Kirkby, W., Kittel, A., Klimentov, P. F., Klok, A. C., Konig, O., Kornadt, V., Koutsenko, R. W., Kraemer, T., Kramer, V. R., Krastev, W., Krenz, A., Kuhn, V., Kumar, A., Kunin, S., Kwan, V., Lalieu, G., Landi, K., Laniu, D., Lanske, S., Lanzano, P., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, I., Leedom, J. M., Legoff, L., Leistam, R., Leiste, J., Lettry, P. M., Levchenko, X., Leyten, C., Li, H. T., Li, J. F., Li, L., Li, P. J., Li, X. G., Li, J. Y., Liao, R., Liu, Y., Liu, Z. Y., Lin, F. L., Linde, D., Linnhofer, W., Lohmann, S., Loko, E., Longo, Y. S., Lu, J. M., Lubber, K., Lubelsmeyer, C., Luci, D., Luckey, L., Ludovici, X., Lue, L., Luminari, W. G., Ma, M., Macdermott, R., Magahiz, M., Maire, P. K., Malhotra, A., Malinin, C., Mana, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Mao, M., Maolinbay, P., Marchesini, A., Marchionni, J. P., Martin, L., Martinez, F., Marzano, G. G., G., T., Matsuda, K., Mazumdar, P., Mcbride, T., Meinholz, M., Merk, Merola, Leonardo, M., Meschini, W. J., Metzger, Y., Mi, M., Micke, U., Micke, G. B., Mill, Y., Mir, G., Mirabelli, J., Mnich, L., Montanet, B., Monteleoni, G., Morand, R., Morand, S., Morganti, V., Morgunov, R., Mount, E., Nagy, Napolitano, Marco, H., Newman, L., Niessen, W. D., Nowak, J., Onvlee, D., Pandoula, Paternoster, Giovanni, Patricelli, Sergio, Y. J., Pei, Y., Peng, D., Perretgallix, J., Perrier, E., Perrin, A., Pevsner, M., Pieri, P. A., Piroue, V., Plyaskin, M., Pohl, V., Pojidaev, C. L., A., N., Produit, J. M., Qian, K. N., Qureshi, R., Raghavan, G., Rahalcallot, P., Razi, K., Read, D., Ren, Z., Ren, S., Reucroft, T., Riemann, C., Rippich, S., Rodriguez, B. P., Roe, M., Rohner, T., Rombach, L., Romero, J., Rose, S., Rosierlee, P., Rosselet, J. A., Rubio, W., Ruckstuhl, H., Rykaczewski, M., Sachwitz, J., Salicio, G., Sauvage, A., Savin, V., Schegelsky, P., Schmitt, D., Schmitz, P., Schmitz, M., Schneegan, M., Schontag, H., Schopper, D. J., Schotanu, H. J., Schreiber, R., Schulte, S., Schulte, K., Schultze, J., Schutte, J., Schwenke, G., Schwering, Sciacca, Crisostomo, P. G., Seiler, J. C., Sen, I., Sheer, V., Shevchenko, S., Shevchenko, X. R., Shi, K., Shmakov, V., Shoutko, E., Shumilov, N., Smirnov, A., Sopczak, C., Souyri, T., Spickermann, B., Spie, P., Spillantini, R., Starosta, M., Steuer, D. P., Stickland, B., Stohr, H., Stone, K., Strauch, K., Sudhakar, R. L., Sumner, H., Suter, R. B., Sutton, A. A., Syed, X. W., Tang, E., Tarkovsky, J. M., Thenard, E., Thoma, C., Timmerman, S. C., C., S. M., Ting, Y. P., Tong, M., Tonutti, S. C., Tonwar, J., Toth, K. L., Tung, J., Ulbricht, L., Urban, U., Uwer, E., Valente, R. T., Vandewalle, H., Vandergraaf, I., Vetlitsky, G., Viertel, P., Vika, M., Vivargent, H., Vogel, H., Vogt, M., Vollmar, G., Vondardel, I., Vorobiev, A. A., Vorobyov, L., Vuilleumier, W., Walk, W., Wallraff, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Wang, J., Weber, R., Weill, T. J., Wenau, J., Wenninger, M., White, R., Wilhelm, C., Willmott, F., Wittgenstein, D., Wright, R. J., Wu, S. L., Wu, S. X., Wu, Y. G., Wu, B., Wyslouch, Z. Z., Xu, Z. L., Xue, D. S., Yan, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Yang, Q., Ye, C. H., Ye, S. C., Yeh, Z. W., Yin, J. M., You, C., Zabounidi, L., Zehnder, M., Zeng, Y., Zeng, D., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, S. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, J. F., Zhou, R. Y., Zhu, A., Zichichi, and J., Zoll

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electron–positron annihilation, Detector, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Mathematics::History and Overview, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We have made a precise measurement of the cross section for e+e−→Z0→hadrons with the L3 detector at LEP, covering the s range from 88.28 to 95.04 GeV. From a fit to the Z0 mass, total width, and the hadronic cross section to be MZ0=91.160 ± 0.024 (experiment) ±0.030(LEP) GeV, ΓZ0=2.539±0.054 GeV, and σh(MZ0)=29.5±0.7 nb. We also used the fit to the Z0 peak cross section and the width todetermine Γinvisible=0.548±0.029 GeV, which corresponds to 3.29±0.17 species of light neutrinos. The possibility of four or more neutrino flavors is thus ruled out at the 4σ confidence level.

Published
1990

26. A determination of the properties of the neutral intermediate vector boson Z0

Author

Tariq Aziz, M. Fabre, Lamberto Luminari, Antonino Zichichi, J. Ossmann, H. Rykaczewski, C.G. Yang, J. Fehlmann, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Matsuda, P. Schmitz, Alexei Klimentov, D. Harting, P. Marchesini, R. A. Khan, P. Lebrun, C. Camps, Ming Zeng, Y. Peng, P. K. Malhotra, A. Kunin, O. Adriani, H. van der Graaf, Crisostomo Sciacca, A. Chen, V. Plyaskin, M. Hebert, T. Driever, J. Fay, R. Wilhelm, G. Fernandez, F. Carbonara, L. Martinez, M. Dhina, F. L. Linde, Marco Pieri, M. Röhner, Pierre Lecomte, F. Crijns, M. G. Alviggi, K. Freudenreich, B.N. Jin, L. Li, H. Jung, J. Onvlee, A. Malinin, R.W. Kraemer, Luciano Romero, Qian Wang, Y.F. Mao, D. Pandoulas, W. J. Metzger, C. F. He, Giorgio Gratta, G. Landi, A. Pevsner, D. Boutigny, J.F. Li, X.G. Li, U. Becker, M. Bourquin, M. Lebeau, A. Arefiev, T. Spickermann, S. Kwan, A. C. König, E. Valenti, F. Cesaroni, E. Thomas, Sandra Consuegra Rodríguez, F. C. Erné, P. Vikas, K. Strauch, R. Leiste, S. Röhner, R. Magahiz, Luciano Barone, H. Suter, Y.F. Wang, J. Y. Liao, Francesco Marzano, T. Riemann, P. Le Coultre, D. Kirkby, Suresh C Tonwar, R. Weill, F. Wittgenstein, L. Ludovici, E. Drago, L. Niessen, C-Q. Li, Q.Y. Yang, A. Gurtu, V. Commichau, H. J. Schreiber, A. Engler, R.B. Sutton, L. Zehnder, S. Banerjee, Z.Y. Lin, Zp Zhang, G. Chiefari, S. Shevchenko, M. Glaubman, D. Güsewell, F. Ferroni, Yu. Kamyshkov, K. Hangarter, X. Leytens, M. Chemarin, M. Koller, R.Y. Zhu, R. Starosta, D. Luckey, Gy L. Bencze, Jianming Qian, G. Hu, M. Kollek, Yu. Galaktionov, J. Alcaraz, S. Beingessner, Y. Zeng, N. Smirnov, W. Krenz, F. J. Eppling, D. S. Yan, M. Bocciolini, S. Rosier-Lees, G. Herten, Gyorgy Bencze, Dimitri Bourilkov, Samuel C.C. Ting, M. Harris, Carlos Willmott, A. Böhm, G. Coignet, R. Mermod, D. Kaplan, A. Heavy, T. Ferguson, M. Gailloud, W. Karpinski, J. Schwenke, X. Y. Cui, Konrad Deiters, Alberto Aloisio, A. Ricker, A. Grimes, W. Friebel, G. Faber, L. Urbàn, P. Schmitt, J.G. Branson, J. Mnich, Z.F. Gong, Steven Goldfarb, Oliver Kornadt, M. Pohl, W. Wallraff, S. Hancke, F. DeNotaristefani, A. Sopczak, J. Schütte, R.J. Wu, R. Morand, Z. L. Xue, M. Guanziroli, Marco Meschini, Th. Meinholz, D. Antreasyan, W. Ruckstuhl, Corinne Goy, R. Schulte, Howard A. Stone, T.S. Dai, J. Berdugo, E. Shumilov, J. Zoll, D. P. Stickland, P. McBride, P. A. Piroué, J. H. Field, V. Souvorov, T. Foreman, D.N. Mao, C. Souyri, M. Schöntag, W. Böhlen, G. Viertel, M. Moeller, F. Bruyant, V. Morgunov, P. J. Li, D. Zhang, X.W. Tang, Zhuoxiang Ren, Y. Karyotakis, R. Bizzarri, V. Shoutko, T. Böhringer, Y. Mir, J.M. Lubbers, B. Stöhr, R. Dolin, C. H. Ye, R. Liu, J. M. You, P. Berges, I.C. Brock, J.M. Thenard, A.M. Cartacci, C. Zabounidis, A. Kuhn, M.L. Chen, H. S. Chen, C. Dionisi, M. Gruenewald, N. Produit, D. Wright, B. Monteleoni, H.R. Dimitrov, A. Schetkovsky, S. X. Wu, Alain Hervé, A. Schultz von Dratzig, G. A. Yang, M. Gettner, M. Maire, Z. W. Yin, K. Lübelsmeyer, J. A. Bakken, P.F. Klok, A.L. Andersson, Piero Spillantini, Lawrence W. Jones, G. Mirabelli, P.V.K.S. Baba, X.R. Shi, S.Y. Zhang, S. N. Ganguli, B. Borgia, F.G. Hartjes, A. A. Syed, K. Lanius, M. Sassowsky, H.F. Chen, J. Bao, G.H. Wang, Y.J. Pei, A. Tavenrath, M. Tonutti, S.C. Yeh, G. Sauvage, P. Prokofiev, M. Fukushima, J. Ulbricht, B. Ille, G. Rahal-Callot, J. J. Blaising, Wolfgang Lohmann, A. Degré, H. Vogt, L. Antonov, C. Maña, Giovanni Paternoster, Marcella Diemoz, B. Bertucci, A. Bay, D. Campana, F. Dittus, U. Uwer, Igor Vorobiev, M. Steuer, C.L.A. Pols, G. Forconi, Y. H. Chang, J.P. Burq, Bz Yang, S. Patricelli, M. Merk, V. Pieri, J. Weber, E. Perrin, Nicanor Colino, C. Rippich, J. Salicio, B. Lindemann, W.-D. Nowak, Q. Ye, D. H. Zhang, K. Schultze, R. T. Van de Walle, H. Haan, E. Tarkovsky, V. Schegelsky, Panos A Razis, Y. Mi, C. Timmermans, Z.Z. Xu, J. M. Le Goff, H.T. Li, K. Hilgers, J. Perrier, D. Lanske, H. Anderhub, Raffaello D'Alessandro, G. Schwering, Qi An, C. Grinnell, B. Spiess, Vineet Kumar, S. Lökös, P. Blömeke, M. Schneegans, L. Montanet, J.C. Sens, X. Lue, U. K. Chaturvedi, K.S. Yang, Y. S. Lu, M. Vivargent, G.B. Mills, M. Sachwitz, J. P. Martin, Carlo Civinini, M. Maolinbay, I. Clare, T.J. Wenaus, Leonardo Merola, A. Gordeev, M. Micke, X. De Bouard, P. Duinker, Simonetta Gentile, U. Micke, Jérôme Rose, U. Herten, I. Vetlitsky, W. Walk, A. Marchionni, P. Göttlicher, D. Linnhofer, L. Baksay, H. Akbari, Kenneth Francis Read, Vincenzo Innocente, G. Gavrilov, Z.Q. Yang, H. Newman, G. Conforto, Kajari Mazumdar, M. Aguilar-Benitez, V.G. Shevchenko, V. Koutsenko, D.J. Schotanus, V.R. Krastev, T. Azemoon, R. Mount, R.C. Ball, Adrian Biland, Boleslaw Wyslouch, X. D. Cai, I. Duran, C.Y. Chien, H. U. Martyn, H. Vogel, Mingshui Chen, K.D. Shmakov, S. J. Fan, E. Gonzalez, E. Jagel, I. Sheer, M. White, S. Morganti, X. L. Wang, J. A. Rubio, L. Leistam, Marcos Cerrada, P.G. Seiler, E. Dénes, D. Ren, D.W. Schmitz, Peter Denes, K. N. Qureshi, S. Lanzano, Bernardo Adeva, J.H. Wang, B. P. Roe, Paolo Bagnaia, M. Capell, G.G.G. Massaro, A. Contin, V. Khoze, R. Siedling, Alexander Savin, D. Perret-Gallix, H. S. Fesefeldt, Robert Clare, W.G. Ma, E. Nagy, Z. M. Wang, Ph. Rosselet, Thomas Hebbeker, Paul Lecoq, M. Napolitano, K. Sudhakar, S. Volkov, J. D. Burger, B. L. Betev, L.S. Hsu, Jozsef Toth, M. Jongmanns, J. Lettry, Claudio Luci, Elisabetta Gallo, S. Reucroft, H. Fenker, G. Morand, R. Raghavan, Y.P. Tong, Laurent Vuilleumier, E. Isiksal, W. Kittel, R. L. Sumner, V.L. Telegdi, J. Wenninger, V. Pojidaev, S. L. Wu, Speranza Falciano, Yanwen Liu, C. Y. Wang, S.S. Gau, J. F. Zhou, Y.G. Wu, M. MacDermott, G.M. Chen, P. Extermann, I. Leedom, H. Hofer, K. L. Tung, Egidio Longo, G. J. Bobbink, M. M. Ilyas, R. Fabbretti, Philip Kaaret, IHEF (IoP, FNWI), B., Adeva, O., Adriani, M., Aguilarbenitez, H., Akbari, J., Alcaraz, Aloisio, Alberto, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Q., An, H., Anderhub, A. L., Andersson, L., Antonov, D., Antreasyan, A., Arefiev, T., Azemoon, T., Aziz, P. V., K., P., Bagnaia, J. A., Bakken, L., Baksay, R. C., Ball, S., Banerjee, J., Bao, L., Barone, A., Bay, U., Becker, S., Beingessner, G. L., Bencze, G., Bencze, J., Berdugo, P., Berge, B., Bertucci, B. L., Betev, A., Biland, R., Bizzarri, J. J., Blaising, P., Blomeke, G. J., Bobbink, M., Bocciolini, W., Bohlen, A., Bohm, T., Bohringer, B., Borgia, D., Bourilkov, M., Bourquin, D., Boutigny, J. G., Branson, I. C., Brock, F., Bruyant, J. D., Burger, J. P., Burq, X. D., Cai, D., Campana, C., Camp, M., Capell, F., Carbonara, A. M., Cartacci, M., Cerrada, F., Cesaroni, Y. H., Chang, U. K., Chaturvedi, M., Chemarin, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, Chiefari, Giovanni, C. Y., Chien, C., Civinini, I., Clare, R., Clare, G., Coignet, N., Colino, V., Commichau, G., Conforto, A., Contin, F., Crijn, X. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, R., Dalessandro, X., Debouard, A., Degre, K., Deiter, E., Dene, P., Dene, F., Denotaristefani, M., Dhina, M., Diemoz, H. R., Dimitrov, C., Dionisi, F., Dittu, R., Dolin, E., Drago, T., Driever, P., Duinker, I., Duran, A., Engler, F. J., Eppling, F. C., Erne, P., Extermann, R., Fabbretti, G., Faber, S., Falciano, S. J., Fan, M., Fabre, J., Fay, J., Fehlmann, H., Fenker, T., Ferguson, G., Fernandez, F., Ferroni, H., Fesefeldt, J., Field, G., Forconi, T., Foreman, K., Freudenreich, W., Friebel, M., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, Y., Galaktionov, E., Gallo, S. N., Ganguli, S. S., Gau, G., Gavrilov, S., Gentile, M., Gettner, M., Glaubman, S., Goldfarb, Z. F., Gong, E., Gonzalez, A., Gordeev, P., Gottlicher, C., Goy, G., Gratta, A., Grime, C., Grinnell, M., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, A., Gurtu, D., Gusewell, H., Haan, K., Hangarter, S., Hancke, M., Harri, D., Harting, F. G., Hartje, C. F., He, A., Heavey, T., Hebbeker, M., Hebert, G., Herten, U., Herten, A., Herve, K., Hilger, H., Hofer, L. S., Hsu, G., Hu, G. Q., Hu, B., Ille, M. M., Ilya, V., Innocente, E., Isiksal, E., Jagel, B. N., Jin, L. W., Jone, M., Jongmann, H., Jung, P., Kaaret, R. A., Khan, Y., Kamyshkov, D., Kaplan, W., Karpinski, Y., Karyotaki, V., Khoze, D., Kirkby, W., Kittel, A., Klimentov, P. F., Klok, M., Kollek, M., Koller, A. C., Konig, O., Kornadt, V., Koutsenko, R. W., Kraemer, V. R., Krastev, W., Krenz, A., Kuhn, V., Kumar, A., Kunin, S., Kwan, G., Landi, K., Laniu, D., Lanske, S., Lanzano, M., Lebeau, P., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, I., Leedom, J. M., Legoff, L., Leistam, R., Leiste, J., Lettry, X., Leyten, C., Li, H. T., Li, J. F., Li, L., Li, P. J., Li, X. G., Li, J. Y., Liao, R., Liu, Y., Liu, Z. Y., Lin, F. L., Linde, B., Lindemann, D., Linnhofer, W., Lohmann, S., Loko, E., Longo, Y. S., Lu, J. M., Lubber, K., Lubelsmeyer, C., Luci, D., Luckey, L., Ludovici, X., Lue, L., Luminari, W. G., Ma, M., Macdermott, R., Magahiz, M., Maire, P. K., Malhotra, A., Malinin, C., Mana, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Mao, M., Maolinbay, P., Marchesini, A., Marchionni, J. P., Martin, L., Martinez, H. U., Martyn, F., Marzano, G. G., G., T., Matsuda, K., Mazumdar, P., Mcbride, T., Meinholz, M., Merk, R., Mermod, Merola, Leonardo, M., Meschini, W. J., Metzger, Y., Mi, M., Micke, U., Micke, G. B., Mill, Y., Mir, G., Mirabelli, J., Mnich, M., Moeller, L., Montanet, B., Monteleoni, G., Morand, R., Morand, S., Morganti, V., Morgunov, R., Mount, E., Nagy, Napolitano, Marco, H., Newman, L., Niessen, W. D., Nowak, J., Onvlee, J., Ossmann, D., Pandoula, Paternoster, Giovanni, Patricelli, Sergio, Y. J., Pei, Y., Peng, D., Perretgallix, J., Perrier, E., Perrin, A., Pevsner, M., Pieri, V., Pieri, P. A., Piroue, V., Plyaskin, M., Pohl, V., Pojidaev, C. L., A., N., Produit, P., Prokofiev, J. M., Qian, K. N., Qureshi, R., Raghavan, G., Rahalcallot, P., Razi, K., Read, D., Ren, Z., Ren, S., Reucroft, A., Ricker, T., Riemann, C., Rippich, S., Rodriguez, B. P., Roe, M., Rohner, S., Rohner, L., Romero, J., Rose, S., Rosierlee, P., Rosselet, J. A., Rubio, W., Ruckstuhl, H., Rykaczewski, M., Sachwitz, J., Salicio, M., Sassowsky, G., Sauvage, A., Savin, V., Schegelsky, A., Schetkovsky, P., Schmitt, D., Schmitz, P., Schmitz, M., Schneegan, M., Schontag, D. J., Schotanu, H. J., Schreiber, R., Schulte, A. S., Vondratzig, K., Schultze, J., Schutte, J., Schwenke, G., Schwering, Sciacca, Crisostomo, P. G., Seiler, J. C., Sen, I., Sheer, V., Shevchenko, S., Shevchenko, X. R., Shi, K., Shmakov, V., Shoutko, E., Shumilov, R., Siedling, N., Smirnov, A., Sopczak, V., Souvorov, C., Souyri, T., Spickermann, B., Spie, P., Spillantini, R., Starosta, M., Steuer, D. P., Stickland, B., Stohr, H., Stone, K., Strauch, K., Sudhakar, R. L., Sumner, H., Suter, R. B., Sutton, A. A., Syed, X. W., Tang, E., Tarkovsky, A., Tavenrath, V. L., Telegdi, J. M., Thenard, E., Thoma, C., Timmerman, S. C., C., S. M., Ting, Y. P., Tong, M., Tonutti, S. C., Tonwar, J., Toth, K. L., Tung, J., Ulbricht, L., Urban, U., Uwer, E., Valente, R. T., Vandewalle, H., Vandergraaf, I., Vetlitsky, G., Viertel, P., Vika, M., Vivargent, H., Vogel, H., Vogt, S., Volkov, I., Vorobiev, A., Vorobyov, L., Vuilleumier, W., Walk, W., Wallraff, C. Y., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Wang, J., Weber, R., Weill, T. J., Wenau, J., Wenninger, M., White, R., Wilhelm, C., Willmott, F., Wittgenstein, D., Wright, R. J., Wu, S. L., Wu, S. X., Wu, Y. G., Wu, B., Wyslouch, Z. Z., Xu, Z. L., Xue, D. S., Yan, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Yang, Q., Ye, C. H., Ye, S. C., Yeh, Z. W., Yin, J. M., You, C., Zabounidi, L., Zehnder, M., Zeng, Y., Zeng, D., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, S. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, J. F., Zhou, R. Y., Zhu, A., Zichichi, and J., Zoll

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Partial width, Muon, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Vector boson, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report the results of first physics runs of the L3 detector at LEP. Based on 2538 hadron events, we determined the mass m z 0 and the width Γ z 0 of the intermediate vector boson Z 0 to be m z 0 =91.132±0.057 GeV (not including the 46 MeV LEP machine energy uncertainty) and Γ z 0 =2.588±0.137 GeV. We also determined Γ invisible =0.567±0.080 GeV, corresponding to 3.42±0.48 number of neutrino flavors. We also measured the muon pair cross section and determined the branching ratio Γ μμ = Γ h =0.056±0.006. The partial width of Z 0 →e + e − is Γ ee =88±9±7 MeV.

Published
1989

27. Measurement of Ga and Gv, the Neutral Current Coupling-constants To Leptons

Author

Adeva, B., Oscar Adriani, Aguilarbenitez, M., Akbari, H., Alcaraz, J., Aloisio, A., Alverson, G., Alviggi, M. G., An, Q., Anderhub, H., Andersson, A. L., Andreev, V. P., Angelov, T., Antonov, L., Antreasyan, D., Arefiev, A., Auroy, B., Azemoon, T., Aziz, T., P. V. K., Bagnaia, P., Bakken, J. A., Baksay, L., Ball, R. C., Banerjee, S., Bao, J., Barone, L., Bay, A., Becker, U., Beingessner, S., Bencze, G. L., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Betev, B. L., Biland, A., Bizzarri, R., Blaising, J. J., Blomeke, P., Blumenfeld, B., Bobbink, G. J., Bocciolini, M., Bohlen, W., Bohm, A., Bohringer, T., Borgia, B., Bourilkov, D., Bourquin, M., Boutigny, D., Branson, J. G., Brock, I. C., Bruyant, F., Burger, J. D., Burq, J. P., Cai, X. D., Campana, D., Camps, C., Capell, M., Carbonara, F., Carminati, F., Cartacci, A. M., Cerrada, M., Cesaroni, F., Chang, Y. H., Chaturvedi, U. K., Chemarin, M., Chen, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chiefari, G., Chien, C. Y., Civinini, C., Clare, I., Clare, R., Coignet, G., Colino, N., Commichau, V., Conforto, G., Contin, A., Crijns, F., Cui, X. Y., Dai, T. S., Raffaello D'Alessandro, Degre, A., Deiters, K., Denes, E., Denes, P., Denotaristefani, F., Dhina, M., Diemoz, M., Dimitrov, H. R., Dionisi, C., Dittus, F., Dolin, R., Drago, E., Driever, T., Duinker, P., Duran, I., Engler, A., Eppling, F. J., Erne, F. C., Extermann, P., Fabbretti, R., Faber, G., Falciano, S., Fan, S. J., Fabre, M., Fay, J., Fehlmann, J., Fenker, H., Ferguson, T., Fernandez, G., Ferroni, F., Fesefeldt, H., Field, J., Forconi, G., Foreman, T., Freudenreich, K., Friebel, W., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, M., Galaktionov, Y., Gallo, E., Ganguli, S. N., Gau, S. S., Gentile, S., Gettner, M., Glaubman, M., Goldfarb, S., Gong, Z. F., Gonzalez, E., Gordeev, A., Gottlicher, P., Goujon, D., Goy, C., Gratta, G., Grimes, A., Grinnell, C., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, M., Gurtu, A., Gusewell, D., Haan, H., Hancke, S., Hangarter, K., Harris, M., Harting, D., Hartjes, F. G., C F, He, Heavey, A., Hebbeker, T., Hebert, M., Herten, G., Herten, U., Herve, A., Hilgers, K., Hofer, H., Hsu, L. S., Hu, G., G Q, Hu, Ille, B., Ilyas, M. M., Innocente, V., Isiksal, E., Jagel, E., Jakobs, C., Jin, B. N., Jones, L. W., Kaaret, P., Khan, R. A., Kamyshkov, Y., Kaplan, D., Karyotakis, Y., Khoze, V., Kirkby, D., Kittel, W., Klimentov, A., Klok, P. F., Konig, A. C., Kornadt, O., Koutsenko, V., Kraemer, R. W., Kramer, T., Krastev, V. R., Krenz, W., Kuhn, A., Kumar, V., Kunin, A., Kwan, S., Lalieu, V., Landi, G., Lanius, K., Lanske, D., Lanzano, S., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, P., Leedom, I., Legoff, J. M., Leistam, L., Leiste, R., Lettry, J., Leytens, X., Li, C., H T, Li, J F, Li, Li, L., P J, Li, X G, Li, Liao, J. Y., Liu, R., Liu, Y., Lin, Z. Y., Linde, F. L., Linnhofer, D., Lohmann, W., Lokos, S., Longo, E., Y S, Lu, Lubbers, J. M., Lubelsmeyer, K., Luci, C., Luckey, D., Ludovici, L., Lue, X., Luminari, L., W G, Ma, Macdermott, M., Magahiz, R., Maire, M., Malhotra, P. K., Malinin, A., Mana, C., Mao, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Maolinbay, M., Marchesini, P., Marchionni, A., Martin, J. P., Martinez, L., Marzano, F., G. G. G., Matsuda, T., Mazumdar, K., Mcbride, P., Meinholz, T., Merk, M., Merola, L., Meschini, M., Metzger, W. J., Mi, Y., Micke, M., Micke, U., Mills, G. B., Mir, Y., Mirabelli, G., Mnich, J., Montanet, L., Monteleoni, B., Morand, G., Morand, R., Morganti, S., Morgunov, V., Mount, R., Nagy, E., Napolitano, M., Newman, H., Niessen, L., Nowak, W. D., Onvlee, J., Pandoulas, D., Paternoster, G., Patricelli, S., Pei, Y. J., Peng, Y., Perretgallix, D., Perrier, J., Perrin, E., Pevsner, A., Pieri, M., Piroue, P. A., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Pojidaev, V., C. L. A., Produit, N., Qian, J. M., Qureshi, K. N., Raghavan, R., Rahalcallot, G., Razis, P., Read, K., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Reucroft, S., Riemann, T., Rippich, C., Rodriguez, S., Roe, B. P., Rohner, M., Rombach, T., Romero, L., Rose, J., Rosierlees, S., Rosselet, P., Rubio, J. A., Ruckstuhl, W., Rykaczewski, H., Sachwitz, M., Salicio, J., Sauvage, G., Savin, A., Schegelsky, V., Schmitt, P., Schmitz, D., Schmitz, P., Schneegans, M., Schontag, M., Schotanus, D. J., Schreiber, H. J., Schulte, R., Schulte, S., Schultze, K., Schutte, J., Schwenke, J., Schwering, G., Sciacca, C., Seiler, P. G., Sens, J. C., Sheer, I., Shevchenko, V., Shevchenko, S., Shi, X. R., Shmakov, K., Shoutko, V., Shumilov, E., Smirnov, N., Sopczak, A., Souyri, C., Spickermann, T., Spiess, B., Spillantini, P., Starosta, R., Steuer, M., Stickland, D. P., Stohr, B., Stone, H., Strauch, K., Sudhakar, K., Sumner, R. L., Suter, H., Sutton, R. B., Syed, A. A., Tang, X. W., Tarkovsky, E., Thenard, J. M., Thomas, E., Timmermans, C., S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Tong, Y. P., Tonutti, M., Tonwar, S. C., Toth, J., Tung, K. L., Ulbricht, J., Urban, L., Uwer, U., Valente, E., Vandewalle, R. T., Vandergraaf, H., Vetlitsky, I., Viertel, G., Vikas, P., Vivargent, M., Vogel, H., Vogt, H., Vollmar, M., Vondardel, G., Vorobiev, I., Vorobyov, A. A., Vuilleumier, L., Walk, W., Wallraff, W., Wang, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Weber, J., Weill, R., Wenaus, T. J., Wenninger, J., White, M., Wilhelm, R., Willmott, C., Wittgenstein, F., Wright, D., R J, Wu, S L, Wu, S X, Wu, Y G, Wu, Wyslouch, B., Z Z, Xu, Xue, Z. L., Yan, D. S., Yang, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Ye, Q., C H, Ye, Yeh, S. C., Yin, Z. W., You, J. M., Zabounidis, C., Zehnder, L., Zeng, M., Zeng, Y., Zhang, D., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, S. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhou, J. F., Zhu, R. Y., Zichichi, A., Zoll, J., B., Adeva, O., Adriani, M., Aguilarbenitez, H., Akbari, J., Alcaraz, Aloisio, Alberto, G., Alverson, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Q., An, H., Anderhub, A. L., Andersson, V. P., Andreev, T., Angelov, L., Antonov, D., Antreasyan, A., Arefiev, B., Auroy, T., Azemoon, T., Aziz, P. V., K., P., Bagnaia, J. A., Bakken, L., Baksay, R. C., Ball, S., Banerjee, J., Bao, L., Barone, A., Bay, U., Becker, S., Beingessner, G. L., Bencze, J., Berdugo, P., Berge, B., Bertucci, B. L., Betev, A., Biland, R., Bizzarri, J. J., Blaising, P., Blomeke, B., Blumenfeld, G. J., Bobbink, M., Bocciolini, W., Bohlen, A., Bohm, T., Bohringer, B., Borgia, D., Bourilkov, M., Bourquin, D., Boutigny, J. G., Branson, I. C., Brock, F., Bruyant, J. D., Burger, J. P., Burq, X. D., Cai, D., Campana, C., Camp, M., Capell, F., Carbonara, F., Carminati, A. M., Cartacci, M., Cerrada, F., Cesaroni, Y. H., Chang, U. K., Chaturvedi, M., Chemarin, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, Chiefari, Giovanni, C. Y., Chien, C., Civinini, I., Clare, R., Clare, G., Coignet, N., Colino, V., Commichau, G., Conforto, A., Contin, F., Crijn, X. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, R., Dalessandro, A., Degre, K., Deiter, E., Dene, P., Dene, F., Denotaristefani, M., Dhina, M., Diemoz, H. R., Dimitrov, C., Dionisi, F., Dittu, R., Dolin, E., Drago, T., Driever, P., Duinker, I., Duran, A., Engler, F. J., Eppling, F. C., Erne, P., Extermann, R., Fabbretti, G., Faber, S., Falciano, S. J., Fan, M., Fabre, J., Fay, J., Fehlmann, H., Fenker, T., Ferguson, G., Fernandez, F., Ferroni, H., Fesefeldt, J., Field, G., Forconi, T., Foreman, K., Freudenreich, W., Friebel, M., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, Y., Galaktionov, E., Gallo, S. N., Ganguli, S. S., Gau, S., Gentile, M., Gettner, M., Glaubman, S., Goldfarb, Z. F., Gong, E., Gonzalez, A., Gordeev, P., Gottlicher, D., Goujon, C., Goy, G., Gratta, A., Grime, C., Grinnell, M., Gruenewald, M., Guanziroli, A., Gurtu, D., Gusewell, H., Haan, S., Hancke, K., Hangarter, M., Harri, D., Harting, F. G., Hartje, C. F., He, A., Heavey, T., Hebbeker, M., Hebert, G., Herten, U., Herten, A., Herve, K., Hilger, H., Hofer, L. S., Hsu, G., Hu, G. Q., Hu, B., Ille, M. M., Ilya, V., Innocente, E., Isiksal, E., Jagel, C., Jakob, B. N., Jin, L. W., Jone, P., Kaaret, R. A., Khan, Y., Kamyshkov, D., Kaplan, Y., Karyotaki, V., Khoze, D., Kirkby, W., Kittel, A., Klimentov, P. F., Klok, A. C., Konig, O., Kornadt, V., Koutsenko, R. W., Kraemer, T., Kramer, V. R., Krastev, W., Krenz, A., Kuhn, V., Kumar, A., Kunin, S., Kwan, V., Lalieu, G., Landi, K., Laniu, D., Lanske, S., Lanzano, P., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, I., Leedom, J. M., Legoff, L., Leistam, R., Leiste, J., Lettry, X., Leyten, C., Li, H. T., Li, J. F., Li, L., Li, P. J., Li, X. G., Li, J. 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