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Aims: The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric psoriasis, as well as metabolic comorbidities and cardiovascular diseases. Study Design: Retrospective descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Dermatology department of the CHU of Rabat Morocco over a two- and half-year period. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study collecting the cases of psoriasis in children followed in the pediatric dermatology consultation of Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat Morocco over a two- and half-year period. Results: We collected 50 patients. A female predominance was notedwith a sex ratio of 0.58. Concerning the antecedents; Parental consanguinity was identified in 8 % of cases, family history of psoriasis in only 6% and the atopy in 16%. The triggering factors were an infection in 12% of cases and psychological trauma in 6 % of cases. Concerning the metabolic comorbidity, one case of diabetes (2%), one case of obesity (2%) and three cases of overweight (6%) were noted. however, no cases of dyslipidaemia were reported.Psoriasis vulgaris was the most frequent clinical presentation (48 %), followed by guttate psoriasis (34%), inverted psoriasis (10%), napkin psoriasis (4 %) and blaskoline psoriasis (2 %). Palmoplantar involvement was observed in 10 % of cases, nail involvement in 22% and scalp involvement in 40 %. Oral mucosal involvement was noted in only one patient. more...

A 12-year-old girl presented with three ulcerated lesions on her face that were red, swollen, had advancing borders, and undermined. Despite treatment with intravenous and topical antibiotics, the ulcers did not improve, and cultures showed no growth of organisms. The patient did not have any underlying systemic disease, and a skin biopsy revealed neutrophilic dermatitis. Oral prednisone was started, which resulted in the healing of the lesions. The skin biopsy and positive response to corticosteroids confirmed the diagnosis of Pyoderma Gangrenosum (PG). PG is a rare inflammatory skin condition, and facial lesions are a rare presentation. Early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy is crucial for complete healing and to minimize the significant psychological impact. more...

Aims: Pityriasis lichenoides chronic is a rare inflammatory dermatosis, unusually hypochromic in dark phototypes. The evolution of the disease is usually benign, but a malignant transformation in mycosis fungoides is reported. You have to know how to think about it when faced with a generalized hypochromic macular eruption in children. Case Report: We report a case of a 13-years-old child, photo type 4.He presented for 8 months hypochromic macular lesions, located initially at the face. The evolution was marked by the extension at the trunk and the limbs. He was treated for pityriasis versicolor but without improvement. A skin biopsy was then performed, in favor of Pityriasis Lichenoides Chronica (PLC) with a lymphoid infiltrate made up mainly of CD4 T lymphocytes. The child was put on cyclin associated with heliotherapy with a moderate improvement after 3 months of treatment. The patient was followed for 2 years during which he did not present any malignant transformation. Discussion: Pityriasis Lichenoides is less frequent in the pediatric population.Its etiopathogenesis is still incompletely elucidated. The basic lesion is an erythematous-squamous papule in the trunk. Hypochromic macules can also be observed, either at the cicatricial stage of the disease, or they occur immediately, especially in subjects with dark skin. The histology of PLC reveals perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate in the superficial dermis..The adopted therapeutic is based on heliotherapy or an antibiotic from the macrolide or cyclin family. Evolution towards Mycosis Fungoides has been rarely described. Conclusion: PLC is exceptionally hypopigmented from the outset. We report a case of chronic leucomelanodermic pityriasis lichenoides in a child posing a problem of differential diagnosis. more...

Aim: Onychomycosis is a rare pathology in infants which constitutes 15.5% of onychodystrophies in children, especially those with Down syndrome and the immunocompromised. Dermosocpy is an innocuous examination allowing to guide the clinical diagnosis and to avoid invasive examinations. Presentation of Case: 5-month-old infant presents with thickening of the thumbnail of the left hand with xanthonychia evolving for 20 days without notion of trauma. On clinical examination, xantho-pachyonychia of the thumbnail of the left hand was noted reaching the latero-distal part with subungual hyperkeratosis and peronyxis. Dermoscopy showed yellowish chromonychia, longitudinal striae, subungual hyperkeratosis with jagged edges. The mycological direct examination and culture was in favor of a Candida albicans infection The patient was put on an antifungal cream with improvement after 3 months. Discussion: The rarity of onychomycosis in infants can be attributed to several factors such as the difference in the structure of the nail plate, less exposure to trauma and rapidity of nail regrowth. The average age is 8 months, the sex ratio at 0.98 and the preferential location is the fingernails. Clinically the nail involvement is of the disto-lateral type with subungual hyperkeratosis and peronyxis. Dermatoscopy is a quick tool showing chromonychia, longitudinal streaks, subungual hyperkeratosis producing a “ruined appearance”, distal onycholysis with jagged edges and linear hemorrhages. Infant onychomycosis is most often of candidal origin (C. albicans). Topical antifungals (ciclopirox) are preferred. Conclusion: This case is being reported to highlight the important role of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of onychomycosis and thus prevent unnecessary biopsies. more...

Blaschko-linear psoriasis (PBL) is a rare form of psoriasis that presents as longitudinal lines on the skin, along Blaschko lines. This form of psoriasis is often observed in children and can be difficult to distinguish from other acquired Blaschko linear dermatoses such as inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) and lichen striatus. The prevalence of PBL is unknown, but it is generally observed in children and is more common in boys than in girls. The clinical and histological similarity of PBL to ILVEN presents a diagnostic challenge. In this case report, we present the case of a 7-year-old child with PBL and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this rare form of psoriasis. We were able to confirm the diagnosis of PBL after treatment with white petroleum jelly and salicylic acid petroleum jelly 5% resulted in a significant improvement of the lesions. Topical treatments, phototherapy, and systemic medications can be used in the case of PBL. It is important to select the most appropriate treatment based on the severity of the lesions, the location, and the patient's tolerance, and to keep in mind that PBL can have long-term effects on the quality of life of patients and their families. more...

Aims: Alopecia areata is a non-scarring autoimmune disease, quite frequent in the pediatric population. Trichoscopy plays a fundamental role in its diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic evaluation. Our objective was to describe the trichoscopic signs of alopecia areata in children while showing the most frequent signs in the pediatric population and their correlation with disease activity. Study Design: Retrospective descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Dermatology department of the CHU of Rabat Morocco over a two-year period. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study collecting the cases of alopecia areata in children followed in the dermatology department of the CHU of Rabat Morocco over a two-year period. Results: A female predominance was noted (63.3%) with a sex ratio of 0.58. Concerning the antecedents, anxiety was at the top of the list with 56.7% of cases. 96.7% of the alopecia areata had been evolving for more than six months, mainly in the form of patchy alopecia 56.7%. In 60% of the children this alopecia areata was due to an emotional shock. Concerning trichoscopy the most common sign found in our study was black dots with a percentage of 80%, followed by: yellow dots 67.7%, exclamation point hair 60%, fluffy hair 53.3%, empty follicular openings 50%, tapered hair 40%, white hair 40%, angled hair 36.7%, biphasic hair 26.7%, pigtailed hair 16,7%. Sign of Pohl Pinkus has not been reported. Conclusion: Trichoscopy is a major tool in the diagnosis of alopecia areata in the pediatric population but also in the evaluation of the severity of the disease and its prognosis. more...

Summary In order to gain a better etiological and epidemiological knowledge of the parasitic diseases of local breed chickens reared in extensive (traditional) mode, a study was carried out in the Oran region during the periods from February 2020 to April 2020. Ten chickens were examined by the helminthologic autopsy method to identify parasitic helminths in the digestive tract. Four species of helminths have been identified: two species of nematodes: Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum and two species of cestodes: Raillietina cesticillus and Raillietina tetragona. Six chickens were carriers of the parasites, for an overall level of infestation of 60 % with an average infestation of 7 parasites per chicken. The rate of parasitism and infestation varied from species to species, Heterakis gallinarum being the most dominant species. The estimate of the infestation rate by each group shows a predominance of nematodes with 62 parasites (88.5 %) compared to cestodes (8 parasites) with a significantly higher difference (P Gallus gallus domesticus breed in the Oran region are heavily infested by parasites including Heterakis gallinarum, the predominant species. more...

In order to gain a better etiological and epidemiological knowledge of the parasitic diseases of local breed chickens reared in extensive (traditional) mode, a study was carried out in the Oran region during the periods from February 2020 to April 2020. Ten chickens were examined by the helminthologic autopsy method to identify parasitic helminths in the digestive tract. Four species of helminths have been identified: two species of nematodes more...

Melanoma is originating from melanocytes, it is a malignant tumor with high metastatic potential. It is the leading cause of moratlity from skin cancer, Nail melanoma is a rare form of malignant melanoma. we report a new case of this rare localization more...

Systemic vasculitis secondary to thyroid carcinomas is exceptional. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with systemic vasculitis involving leucocytoclastic cutaneous vasculitis and renal disorders secondary to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Her symptoms resolved completely after total thyroidectomy. Other causes of vasculitis were excluded. To our knowledge, this is only the second case reported of systemic vasculitis associated with PTC in a paraneoplastic manner. more...

We report a case of recurrent post-partum pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) complicated by post-partum cardiomyopathy (PPCM).A 23-year-old woman presented with a previous medical history of aseptic abscess of the left breast in her fourth pregnancy, which developed after surgical drainage of an inflammatory ulceration treated by atraumatic topical care. During her fifth pregnancy, the patient presented a large and painful ulceration in relation to the scar of the Caesarean section, despite the introduction of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Bacteriological samples were negative. Histological examination militated in favor of PG. One week after initiation of corticosteroid therapy, the patient suddenly showed signs of heart failure. Based on trans-thoracic echocardiography PPCM was diagnosed, and the outcome was fatal.This observation raises the question of the relationship between PG and pregnancy and describes the association of PG and PPCM. PG occurs rarely during pregnancy and it may be induced by the rise in G-CSF levels found in pregnant women. The association with PPCM seen in our patient could have been due to the development of an anti-angiogenic climate at the end of pregnancy, together with inflammatory myocardial aggression linked to the PG. more...

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an acquired autoimmune disease that mainly affects the elderly. It is very rare in children. We report a sudden polymorphic case of BP in a 12-year-old child.

Introduction Le lymphome NK/T de type nasal est une entite anatomoclinique caracterisee par un processus necrosant de la cavite nasale d’evolution lente. Nous rapportons une observation atypique par sa presentation clinique mimant un herpes cutane. more...

Depuis sa creation en 1974 par l’Assemblee mondiale de la sante de l’OMS et jusqu’a recemment, le Programme elargi de vaccination (PEV) a peu evolue. Cependant, au cours des dernieres annees, les soutiens financiers internationaux ont permis l’introduction de nombreux nouveaux vaccins. L’arrivee de ces nouveaux vaccins (contre les infections a pneumocoque, les diarrhees a Rotavirus, les infections du col de l’uterus par le HPV...) ou encore l’arrivee future probable de vaccins contre la dengue, le paludismeou l’infection aVIHobligent les pays en voie de developpement a prendre des decisions de plus en plus complexes sur le plan technique tout en prenant davantage en compte les specificites de leur propre population. Dans un contexte de multiplicite des priorites sanitaires, d’insuffisance des ressources humaines, financieres et logistiques, mais aussi de cout eleve des vaccins, les pays doivent prendre des decisions qui doivent etre, plus que jamais, fondees sur des donnees factuelles. C’est ainsi que pratiquement tous les pays developpes et deja certains pays en voie de developpement ont etabli des comites appeles groupes techniques consultatifs pour la vaccination (GTCV) pour faciliter ces prises de decisions adaptees a leurs besoins. Pour aider leur mise en place dans les pays qui n’en possedent pas encore, l’Agence de medecine preventive (AMP), en partenariat avec l’International Vaccine Institute, a cree l’Initiative SIVAC (Supporting Independent Immunization and Vaccine Advisory Committees) grâce au soutien financier de la fondation Bill & Melinda-Gates, et en collaboration avec l’Organisation mondiale de la sante. Face a l’absence de publications scientifiques sur les GTCV, l’Initiative SIVAC et l’OMS ont developpe un supplement du journal Vaccine (The role of National Advisory Committees in Supporting Evidence-Based Decision Making for National Immunization Programs. Vaccine 2010;28 (S1):1–110), dans le but de fournir a la fois des exemples reels de GTCVoperationnels, un apercu de leur mode de fonctionnement et des recommandations pour leur mise en place. C’est ainsi que ce supplement en anglais comprend 15 articles decrivant 15 GTCV et cinq articles generaux. Les articles du supplement sont disponibles gratuitement sur le centre de ressources des GTCV (www.nitag-resource.org) en anglais et aussi, pour une partie d’entre eux, leur traduction en francais. more...

A study on gastro-intestinal nematode resistance to anthelmintics in sheep was carried out in a semiarid area of Algeria. Two drugs (albendazole and ivermectin) commonly used were tested in 120 and 40 sheep, respectively, in 14 farms by the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). Results revealed high efficiency of ivermectin (> 95%) at the dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight. Overall efficiency of albendazole at 5 mg/kg was 94.2%, but it was low (< 90%) in four to five farms out of ten, and fecal egg reduction reached 83.3–100%. The persistence of Marshallagia marshalli after treatment was significantly the highest (70.4%) among other gastro-intestinal nematodes. FECRT interpretation with low eggs per gram of feces associated with this persistence and its relationship with the annual presence of the species in sheep are discussed. more...

The variability of the outcome is often deplored by the users of electrostatic separation equipment. A slight modification of the composition of the processed material, a change in the environmental conditions, or an alteration of the electrode configuration may cause objectionable fluctuation of product quality. Thus, the purity of the copper product recovered from electric cable wastes can easily diminish from 98%, which is fully acceptable for recycling purposes, to a value below the standard level of 97%. This paper is written with the aim of showing how statistical process control methods could contribute to the improvement of users' overall satisfaction. In order to validate a procedure for evaluating the short- and long-term capabilities of the electrostatic separation process, the authors carried out a series of experiments on subgroups of chopped electric cable wastes, which are similar to those currently processed in the recycling industry (95% polyvinyl chloride; 5% copper). The first set of experimental data showed that an ldquoin-controlrdquo electrostatic separation process can easily satisfy the level of performance required by the customers (i.e., a capability index of > 1.33). The same set of data enabled the computation of the upper and lower limits of the R- and X -bar control charts. The second set of experiments was designed to evaluate the ability of these charts to detect the following typical situations of abnormal operation of the electrostatic separation equipment: 1) a change in the composition of the processed material; 2) a failed connection of the static electrode to the high-voltage supply; and 3) the accumulation of dust on the surface of the corona electrode. Based on the authors' experience as consultants for the recycling industry, the following several recommendations have been formulated: 1) Evaluate the capability of the electrostatic separation process by performing no more than ten observations and making use of the confidence indexes; 2) use moving R- and X-bar control charts to obviate the difficulty of sampling; and 3) prepare a ldquoCorrective Actions Guiderdquo for the operators using control charts for monitoring. more...

Cryptococcosis is a potentially severe infection that usually occurs in a setting of immunosuppression. Its occurrence outside of this context is rare. We report a case of disseminated cryptococcosis revealed by a spectacular skin disease in an immunocompetent patient.A 40-year-old male patient had been presenting multiple nodules and tumors on his face for one month in a context of asthenia and intermittent fever. Histological examination of a skin biopsy revealed encapsulated yeasts strongly suggestive of Cryptococcus neoformans. Mycological examination of the skin biopsy and cerebrospinal fluid isolated Cryptococcus gattii. The blood cultures were positive. Brain MRI demonstrated cryptococcal parenchymal involvement. Screening for primary or secondary immunodeficiency was negative. The patient received amphotericin B 1mg/kg/day and fluconazole 600mg/day but died 2months after diagnosis.Cryptococcosis is a potentially severe infection caused by C. neoformans. This rare condition occurs most commonly in patients with profound deficiency in terms of cellular immunity. Although rare, the occurrence of cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients is possible, and in this event the signs are highly polymorphic, which usually makes it very difficult to diagnose. The diagnosis of cryptococcosis is based on the identification by direct examination and after staining with India ink of encapsulated yeasts of the Cryptococcus genus. Culture on Sabouraud medium is essential for identification of the species. Treatment for disseminated cryptococcosis involves amphotericin B, often associated with flucytosine IV. In the event of meningitis infection in non-HIV patients, mortality continues to be around 15%, despite adequate medical treatment.Although rare, cryptococcosis can occur in immunocompetent subjects. The prognosis is severe even after treatment. more...

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an amicrobial neutrophilic dermatosis of unknown cause with a chronic course. We report a case in a 30-month-old child who presented with progressive and painful skin ulcers. Lesions were quickly extensive, refractory to local and systemic antibiotic therapy. Histopathology of the skin biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of ulcerative pyoderma gangrenosum. Only 4% of the cases reported in the literature are in children below the age of 4 years. This neutrophilic dermatosis is associated in half of the cases with a systemic disease. The treatment is based on corticosteroids. Immunosuppressant drugs such as tacrolimus, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil may be effective for pyoderma gangrenosum refractory to corticosteroids. Currently, anti-TNF is a promising treatment for refractory PG. more...