21 results on '"K. Mealey"'
Search Results
2. CHARACTERISTICS OF MANGROVE DIAMONDBACK TERRAPINS (MALACLEMYS TERRAPIN RHIZOPHORARUM) INHABITING ALTERED AND NATURAL MANGROVE ISLANDS
- Author
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John D. Baldwin, Gregory D. Bossart, Greta B. Parks-Mealey, Michael R.J. Forstner, and Brian K. Mealey
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Blood serum ,biology ,Habitat ,Ecology ,law ,Terrapin ,Mangrove ,Malaclemys terrapin ,Turtle (robot) ,biology.organism_classification ,Sex ratio ,Natural (archaeology) ,law.invention - Abstract
The Mangrove Diamondback Terrapin, (Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum) is dependent on a very broad array of the services provided by the mangrove ecosystem. We sought to evaluate both the turtles and their habitat by an integrated assessment of physical, chemical, and physiological parameters. Extreme site fidelity of the turtles to mangrove habitat was evident along with a strong female biased sex ratio. We provide blood serum values and microbial cultures as baselines from these turtles in the wild. Salmonella sp., a potentially zoonotic pathogen, was isolated from one female. Ultimately, the health of these turtle populations may be reflective of the integrity of the mangrove system on which they depend.
- Published
- 2014
3. Suitability of Translocation Sites for Florida Burrowing Owls: Prey Availability and Diet
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Melissa M. Grigione, Per A. Nixon, Brian K. Mealey, Ronald J. Sarno, Ronald E. Concoby, and Robert J. Mrykalo
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biology ,Abundance (ecology) ,Ecology ,Aquatic ecosystem ,parasitic diseases ,Chromosomal translocation ,Arthropod ,Crayfish ,biology.organism_classification ,Relative species abundance ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Predation ,Invertebrate - Abstract
We investigated if relative abundance of invertebrate prey for Athene cunicularia floridana (Florida Burrowing Owl) differed between two pre-translocation (i.e., non-mined) sites and one translocation (i.e., reclaimed mine) site. We trapped a combination of 21 arthropod families and orders. We observed some differences among non-mined sites and the reclaimed mine site in invertebrate prey abundance and owl diet. Fewer than 50% (10 of 21) of trapped prey items were present in pellets, suggesting that our traps may have limited capture of particular prey. Additionally, it appears that owls were hunting in nearby aquatic habitats due to the remains of frogs, turtles, and crayfish in pellets. The general similarity in prey abundance and diet between the pre-translocation and translocation sites suggests that reclaimed mine sites may serve as adequate refugia for Florida Burrowing Owls. However, more work is needed to determine to verify the general applicability of our results.
- Published
- 2012
4. Long-Term Changes, 1958–2010, In the Reproduction of Bald Eagles of Florida Bay, Southern Coastal Everglades
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John D. Baldwin, Lori Oberhofer, Jason W. Bosley, Brian K. Mealey, and Oron L. Bass
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military ,education.field_of_study ,Occupancy ,National park ,Ecology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,military.commander ,Brood ,Geography ,Productivity (ecology) ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Bald eagle ,Reproduction ,education ,Bay ,media_common - Abstract
The population of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) breeding in Florida Bay, located within Everglades National Park, has been the subject of one of the longest running monitoring programs for any large raptor species worldwide, with reproductive data collected for 49 breeding seasons since 1958. The overall reproductive trends in this nesting population indicated that the population has transitioned from one at or near carrying capacity to one in decline, with territory occupancy decreasing as much as 43%. This contrasted with observed trends for the state of Florida, where populations increased >300% over the past 25 yr. The rate of nesting attempts in Florida Bay remained high (0.83 ± 0.11 [SD]; number of active territories/number of occupied territories) over the period. Mean annualized brood size was 1.48 ± 0.16 young/successful territory and mean productivity was 0.81 ± 0.21 young/occupied territory, which are comparable to those of other Bald Eagle populations. There were significant ...
- Published
- 2012
5. PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS AS A DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC TOOL IN RAPTOR MEDICINE
- Author
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Brian K. Mealey, Gregory D. Bossart, Lisa M. Tatum, Julia Zaias, and Carolyn Cray
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Veterinary medicine ,Raptors ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Bird Diseases ,Great horned owl ,Buteo ,Osteomyelitis ,General Medicine ,Gel electrophoresis of proteins ,Blood Protein Electrophoresis ,Prognosis ,biology.organism_classification ,Screech owl ,Species Specificity ,Reference Values ,biology.animal ,Animals ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Parabuteo unicinctus ,Cathartes ,Turkey vulture ,Haliaeetus pelagicus - Abstract
Plasma proteins of 139 healthy adult birds of prey from 10 species were separated by electrophoresis to characterize and document normal reference ranges and species-specific electrophoretic patterns and to evaluate the value of this technique for health screening, disease diagnosis, and prognostic indication. Species studied included bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), barn owl (Tyto alba), great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), turkey vulture (Cathartes aura), Harris' hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), Stellar's sea eagle (Haliaeetus pelagicus), barred owl (Strix varia), screech owl (Otus asio), and black vulture (Coragyps atratus). Several clinical cases show the diagnostic/therapeutic value of protein electrophoresis in raptors. This study establishes species-specific reference ranges for several birds of prey and discusses the benefit of electrophoresis as a diagnostic technique in health screens, as a diagnostic aid in conjunction with other tests, and as a prognostic indicator in clinical evaluation of raptors.
- Published
- 2000
6. Innovation, entrepreneurship, promotion, and tenure.
- Author
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Carter RG, Mundorff K, Risien J, Bouwma-Gearhart J, Bratsch-Prince D, Brown SA, Campbell AL, Hartman JC, Hasemann CA, Hollenbeck PJ, Lupiani B, McCarty OJT, McClure ID, Mealey K, Mimura C, Romero AJ, Sztajn P, and Van Egeren L
- Abstract
Academic incentives must reward broader societal impacts.
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- 2021
- Full Text
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7. Excessive Cyclosporine-Associated Immunosuppression in a Dog Heterozygous for the MDR1 (ABCB1-1Δ) Mutation.
- Author
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Mackin AJ, Riggs C, Beatty T, Mealey K, Boothe D, and Archer T
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- Anemia, Hemolytic drug therapy, Animals, Cyclosporine adverse effects, Diagnosis, Differential, Dogs, Female, Immunosuppression Therapy veterinary, Immunosuppressive Agents adverse effects, Mutation drug effects, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 genetics, Anemia, Hemolytic veterinary, Cyclosporine therapeutic use, Dog Diseases drug therapy, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use
- Abstract
Pharmacodynamic monitoring was used to titrate cyclosporine dosing in a dog with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Development of a suspected secondary infection, with subsequent discovery of an unexpectedly high level of T-cell suppression despite a relatively low cyclosporine dose, prompted an investigation into the cause of possible excessive immunosuppression. Blood cyclosporine concentrations were within expected target ranges, and the dog was determined to be heterozygous for the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1; ATP-binding cassette sub family B member 1-1Δ) gene mutation. The MDR1 mutation was suspected to have contributed to the excessive immunosuppression experienced by this patient. This case highlights the need to monitor immunosuppressive therapy in the individual patient, especially when the patient is not responding to therapy at typical dosages or when secondary infections develop at dosages lower than expected to cause significant immunosuppression. Pharmacodynamic monitoring can be used to help identify unexpected excessive immunosuppression in dogs receiving cyclosporine, and MDR1 genotyping should be further explored as a potential method of predicting and preventing its occurrence.
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- 2020
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8. Adolescent vaccinations: updates for the general practitioner.
- Author
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Mealey K and Koenigs LMP
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- Adolescent, Humans, Immunization Schedule, Adolescent Health Services organization & administration, Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines administration & dosage, General Practitioners, Meningococcal Vaccines administration & dosage, Papillomavirus Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccination statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Purpose of Review: Adolescent providers have a unique opportunity to interface with adolescents during a transformative time period. Optimizing vaccinations may protect teens against preventable but potentially deadly diseases. Healthcare providers must be aware of the evolving vaccination data and up-to-date recommendations for vaccinations., Recent Findings: In spite of the Center for Disease Control recommendations, there is a gap between the actual and desired vaccination rates of adolescents. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis, meningococcal against ACWY serotypes, and human papillomavirus (HPV) are vaccinations unique to the adolescent period. There has been a marked increase in pertussis cases over the last 2 decades. Either of the meningitis B vaccines may be given to 16-18 year olds and are effective in controlling college outbreaks. Increasing evidence continues to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the HPV vaccination, although a substantial number of adolescents remain unvaccinated. Fortunately, there are proven strategies to remedy this., Summary: Adolescent providers should be aware of the increase in pertussis cases over the past 2 decades and the Category B recommendation for meningococcal B vaccine at 16-18 years, and they should work towards closing the gap between the actual and desired HPV vaccination rates.
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- 2019
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9. Why a Pelvic Exam is Needed to Diagnose Cervicitis and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.
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Mealey K, Braverman PK, and Koenigs LMP
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- Female, Humans, Chlamydia Infections, Gynecological Examination, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Uterine Cervicitis
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- 2019
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10. Comparative metabolism of mycophenolic acid by glucuronic acid and glucose conjugation in human, dog, and cat liver microsomes.
- Author
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Slovak JE, Mealey K, and Court MH
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- Animals, Humans, Species Specificity, Cats metabolism, Dogs metabolism, Glucose metabolism, Glucuronic Acid metabolism, Microsomes, Liver metabolism, Mycophenolic Acid metabolism
- Abstract
Use of the immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid (MPA) in cats is limited because MPA elimination depends on glucuronidation, which is deficient in cats. We evaluated formation of major (phenol glucuronide) and minor (acyl glucuronide, phenol glucoside, and acyl glucoside) MPA metabolites using liver microsomes from 16 cats, 26 dogs, and 48 humans. All MPA metabolites were formed by human liver microsomes, while dog and cat liver microsomes formed both MPA glucuronides, but only one MPA glucoside (phenol glucoside). Intrinsic clearance (CLint) of MPA for phenol glucuronidation by cat liver microsomes was only 15-17% that of dog and human liver microsomes. However, CLint for acyl glucuronide and phenol glucoside formation in cat liver microsomes was similar to or greater than that for dog and human liver microsomes. While total MPA conjugation CLint was generally similar for cat liver microsomes compared with dog and human liver microsomes, relative contributions of each pathway varied between species with phenol glucuronidation predominating in dog and human liver microsomes and phenol glucosidation predominating in cat liver microsomes. MPA conjugation variation between cat liver microsomes was threefold for total conjugation and for phenol glucosidation, sixfold for phenol glucuronidation, and 11-fold for acyl glucuronidation. Our results indicate that total MPA conjugation is quantitatively similar between liver microsomes from cats, dogs, and humans despite large differences in the conjugation pathways that are utilized by these species., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2017
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11. The development of validated checklist for Foley catheterization: preliminary results.
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Berg K, Berg D, Riesenberg LA, Mealey K, Schaeffer A, Weber D, Justice EM, Davis J, Geffe K, and Tinkoff G
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- Delphi Technique, Female, Humans, Male, Checklist statistics & numerical data, Patient Safety, Safety Management, Urinary Catheterization adverse effects
- Abstract
Foley catheterization (FC) is known to result in complications. Validated checklists are central to teaching/assessing procedural skills and may result in improved health care quality. The results of the first step of the validation of male and female FC checklists are described. A comprehensive literature review of articles published on FC did not yield a checklist validated by the Delphi method. A modified Delphi technique involving a panel of 7 experts was used to develop FC checklists. The internal consistency coefficients using Cronbach's α were .91 and .88, respectively, for males and females. Developing a 24-item male FC checklist and a 23-item female FC checklist for teaching/assessing FC is the first step in the validation process. For these checklists to become further validated, they should be implemented and studied in the simulation and the clinical environments.
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- 2013
- Full Text
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12. The development of a validated checklist for nasogastric tube insertion: preliminary results.
- Author
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Riesenberg LA, Berg K, Berg D, Schaeffer A, Mealey K, Davis J, Weber D, King D, Justice EM, Geffe K, and Tinkoff G
- Subjects
- Delphi Technique, Humans, Intubation, Gastrointestinal methods, Quality of Health Care, Reproducibility of Results, Checklist methods, Intubation, Gastrointestinal standards
- Abstract
Nasogastric (NG) tube insertion is known to result in complications. Validated checklists are central to teaching and assessing procedural skills and may result in improved health care quality. The results of the first step of the validation of an NG tube insertion checklist are described. A comprehensive literature review of articles published on NG tube insertion did not yield a checklist validated by the Delphi method. A modified Delphi technique, involving a panel of 9 interdisciplinary, interinstitutional experts, was used to develop an NG tube insertion checklist. The internal consistency coefficient using Cronbach's α was .80. Developing a 19-item checklist for teaching and assessing NG tube insertion is the first step in the validation process. For this checklist to become further validated, it should be implemented and studied in the simulation and clinical environments.
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- 2013
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13. Disaster preparedness: what training do our interns receive during medical school?
- Author
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Jasper E, Berg K, Reid M, Gomella P, Weber D, Schaeffer A, Crawford A, Mealey K, and Berg D
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- Curriculum, Data Collection, Humans, Disaster Planning, Education, Medical statistics & numerical data, Internship and Residency classification
- Abstract
Disaster preparedness training is a critical component of medical student education. Despite recent natural and man-made disasters, there is no national consensus on a disaster preparedness curriculum. The authors designed a survey to assess prior disaster preparedness training among incoming interns at an academic teaching hospital. In 2010, the authors surveyed incoming interns (n = 130) regarding the number of hours of training in disaster preparedness received during medical school, including formal didactic sessions and simulation, and their level of self-perceived proficiency in disaster management. Survey respondents represented 42 medical schools located in 20 states. Results demonstrated that 47% of interns received formal training in disaster preparedness in medical school; 64% of these training programs included some type of simulation. There is a need to improve the level of disaster preparedness training in medical school. A national curriculum should be developed with aspects that promote knowledge retention.
- Published
- 2013
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14. The development of a validated checklist for adult lumbar puncture: preliminary results.
- Author
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Berg K, Riesenberg LA, Berg D, Mealey K, Weber D, King D, Justice EM, Geffe K, and Tinkoff G
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- Adult, Delphi Technique, Education, Medical, Humans, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Checklist standards, Clinical Competence standards, Spinal Puncture methods
- Abstract
Lumbar puncture (LP) is known to result in complications. Procedure skills should be taught and evaluated more effectively to improve health care quality. Validated checklists are central to teaching and assessing procedural skills. The results of the first step of the validation of an adult LP checklist are described. A comprehensive literature review of articles published on LP did not yield a checklist validated by the Delphi method. A modified Delphi technique, involving a panel of 9 experts, was used to develop a 20-item LP checklist for teaching and assessing LP, the first step in the validation process. The internal consistency coefficient using Cronbach's α was 0.79. The authors used a modified Delphi method to develop a checklist for teaching and assessing LP. For this checklist to become further validated, it should be implemented and studied in the simulation and clinical environments.
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- 2013
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15. The development of a validated checklist for thoracentesis: preliminary results.
- Author
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Berg D, Berg K, Riesenberg LA, Weber D, King D, Mealey K, Justice EM, Geffe K, and Tinkoff G
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- Delphi Technique, Humans, Paracentesis adverse effects, Paracentesis standards, Quality Assurance, Health Care methods, Quality Assurance, Health Care standards, Reproducibility of Results, Checklist methods, Checklist standards, Paracentesis methods, Pleural Cavity pathology
- Abstract
Thoracentesis is an invasive procedure known to result in complications. Procedure skills should be taught and evaluated more effectively to improve health care quality. Validated checklists are central to teaching and assessing procedural skills. The results of the first step of the validation of a thoracentesis checklist are described. A comprehensive literature review of articles published on thoracentesis did not yield a validated checklist. A modified Delphi technique, involving a panel of 8 interdisciplinary, interinstitutional experts, was used to develop a thoracentesis checklist. The internal consistency coefficient using Cronbach's α was .94. Developing the 23-item thoracentesis checklist for teaching and assessing thoracentesis is the first step in the validation process. For this checklist to become further validated, it should be implemented and studied in the simulation and clinical environments.
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The development of a validated checklist for paracentesis: preliminary results.
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Riesenberg LA, Berg K, Berg D, Mealey K, Weber D, King D, Justice EM, Geffe K, and Tinkoff G
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- Checklist standards, Delphi Technique, Humans, Paracentesis adverse effects, Paracentesis education, Paracentesis standards, Reproducibility of Results, Checklist methods, Paracentesis methods
- Abstract
Paracentesis is an invasive procedure known to result in complications. Procedure skills should be taught and evaluated more effectively to improve health care quality. Validated checklists are central to teaching and assessing procedural skills. The results of the first step of the validation of a paracentesis checklist are described. A comprehensive literature review of articles published on paracentesis did not yield a validated checklist. A modified Delphi technique, involving a panel of 8 interdisciplinary, interinstitutional experts, was used to develop a paracentesis checklist. The internal consistency coefficient using Cronbach's α was .92. Developing the 24-item paracentesis checklist for teaching and assessing paracentesis is the first step in the validation process. For this checklist to become further validated, it should be implemented and studied in the simulation and clinical environments.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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17. Challenges in exploring the cytochrome P450 system as a source of variation in canine drug pharmacokinetics.
- Author
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Martinez MN, Antonovic L, Court M, Dacasto M, Fink-Gremmels J, Kukanich B, Locuson C, Mealey K, Myers MJ, and Trepanier L
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- Animals, Humans, Pharmacogenetics methods, Pharmacokinetics, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System genetics, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System metabolism, Dogs metabolism, Pharmaceutical Preparations metabolism
- Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily constitutes a collection of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of a wide array of endo- and xenobiotic compounds. Much of the knowledge on substrate specificity and genetic identification of the various CYP isoforms is derived from research in rodents and humans and only limited information has been captured in the dog. Currently, there exist many gaps in our knowledge of canine CYP diversity as a result of the paucity of studies focusing on canine CYPs, canine CYP polymorphisms, and the therapeutic consequences of these genetic variants. Challenges engendered by this lack of information is further amplified by inter- and intraspecies differences in the specificity and affinity of substrates and inhibitors, prohibiting a simple extrapolation of probe substances used in human CYP research. This creates a need to develop and validate canine-specific CYP probes. Failure to understand this potential metabolic and pharmacogenomic diversity can also influence the interpretation of data generated in dogs to support human drug development. It is with these objectives in mind that we provide an overview of what is currently known about canine CYPs with the hope that it will encourage further exploration into this important area of research.
- Published
- 2013
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18. The genomic architecture of segmental duplications and associated copy number variants in dogs.
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Nicholas TJ, Cheng Z, Ventura M, Mealey K, Eichler EE, and Akey JM
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- Animals, Chromosome Mapping, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Genome genetics, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Species Specificity, Dogs genetics, Gene Dosage, Gene Duplication, Genetic Variation physiology
- Abstract
Structural variation is an important and abundant source of genetic and phenotypic variation. Here we describe the first systematic and genome-wide analysis of segmental duplications and associated copy number variants (CNVs) in the modern domesticated dog, Canis familiaris, which exhibits considerable morphological, physiological, and behavioral variation. Through computational analyses of the publicly available canine reference sequence, we estimate that segmental duplications comprise approximately 4.21% of the canine genome. Segmental duplications overlap 841 genes and are significantly enriched for specific biological functions such as immunity and defense and KRAB box transcription factors. We designed high-density tiling arrays spanning all predicted segmental duplications and performed aCGH in a panel of 17 breeds and a gray wolf. In total, we identified 3583 CNVs, approximately 68% of which were found in two or more samples that map to 678 unique regions. CNVs span 429 genes that are involved in a wide variety of biological processes such as olfaction, immunity, and gene regulation. Our results provide insight into mechanisms of canine genome evolution and generate a valuable resource for future evolutionary and phenotypic studies.
- Published
- 2009
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19. The pharmacogenomics of P-glycoprotein and its role in veterinary medicine.
- Author
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Martinez M, Modric S, Sharkey M, Troutman L, Walker L, and Mealey K
- Subjects
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 metabolism, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 physiology, Animals, Humans, Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacokinetics, Phenotype, Species Specificity, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 genetics, Blood-Brain Barrier drug effects, Blood-Brain Barrier metabolism, Veterinary Medicine
- Abstract
Despite advancements in pharmacogenetics in human medicine, the incorporation of pharmacogenetics into veterinary medicine is still in its early stages of development. To date, efforts to understand the pharmacologic impact of genetic variation in veterinary species have largely focused on genes encoding for the membrane transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The emphasis on the role of P-gp is largely because of safety concerns associated with the use of some macrocyclic lactones in dogs. Because of the body of information available on this topic, we use P-gp as a platform for understanding the importance of population diversity in veterinary medicine. The impact of P-gp on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is considered, along with endogenous and exogenous factors that can modulate P-gp activity. The review includes discussion of how population diversity in P-gp activity can lead to susceptibility to certain diseases or alter patient response to environmental stress or pharmaceutical intervention. In addition, phenotypic diversity also needs to be considered, as demonstrated by the impact of P-gp up-regulation and drug resistance. The aim of this review was to set the stage for further exploration into the impact of genetic and phenotypic variability on drug pharmacokinetics, disease propensity, product formulation and drug response in both companion and food-producing animals.
- Published
- 2008
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20. Pharmacogenetic and metabolic differences between dog breeds: their impact on canine medicine and the use of the dog as a preclinical animal model.
- Author
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Fleischer S, Sharkey M, Mealey K, Ostrander EA, and Martinez M
- Subjects
- Animals, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical methods, Species Specificity, Dogs genetics, Models, Animal, Pharmaceutical Preparations metabolism, Pharmacogenetics methods, Veterinary Medicine methods
- Abstract
There is limited information describing species related pharmacogenetic differences in animals. Despite the lack of genetic information in veterinary medicine, breed specific responses to endogenous and exogenous substances have been reported across many species. This finding underscores the importance of obtaining insight into the genotypic and phenotypic variation present across breeds. This article provides a summary of the literature pertaining to canine breed differences in physiology, drug response, drug pharmacokinetics, and metabolic idiosyncrasies. The existing knowledge of pedigrees and the known phenotypes and genotypes of dogs provides important information for determining mode of inheritance, penetration, and other major characteristics of heritable traits. Understanding these breed differences will improve canine population predictions (for canine drug products) and may be of value when extrapolating toxicology data from dogs to humans.
- Published
- 2008
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21. Pharmacokinetics of gallium maltolate after intragastric administration in neonatal foals.
- Author
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Martens RJ, Mealey K, Cohen ND, Harrington JR, Chaffin MK, Taylor RJ, and Bernstein LR
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- Administration, Oral, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Area Under Curve, Gallium administration & dosage, Gallium pharmacokinetics, Kinetics, Organometallic Compounds administration & dosage, Organometallic Compounds blood, Pyrones administration & dosage, Pyrones blood, Gallium blood, Horses metabolism, Organometallic Compounds pharmacokinetics, Pyrones pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics of gallium maltolate (GaM) after intragastric administration in healthy foals., Animals: 6 healthy neonatal foals., Procedures: Each foal received GaM (20 mg/kg) by intragastric administration. Blood samples were obtained before (time 0) and at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after GaM administration for determination of serum gallium concentrations by use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy., Results: Mean +/- SD pharmacokinetic variables were as follows: peak serum gallium concentration, 1,079 +/- 311 ng/mL; time to peak serum concentration, 4.3 +/- 2.0 hours; area under the serum concentration versus time curve, 40,215 +/- 8,420 ng/mL/h; mean residence time, 39.5 +/- 17.2 hours; area under the moment curve, 1,636,554 +/- 931,458 ng([h](2)/mL); and terminal half-life, 26.6 +/- 11.6 hours. The mean serum concentration of gallium at 12 hours was 756 +/- 195 ng/mL., Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Gallium maltolate administered via nasogastric tube at a dose of 20 mg/kg to neonatal foals resulted in gallium serum concentrations considered sufficient to suppress growth or kill Rhodococcus equi in macrophages and other infected tissues.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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