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This article presents a novel decoupling technique for the circularly polarized multiple-inputmultiple- output (CP-MIMO) system composed of Guoshaped patch antennas. A comparative study has been conducted on antenna performance as a function of packing distance before and after applying the technique. A prototype of two-element Guo-shaped patch MIMO at a small inter-element spacing of 12.5 mm has devised aiming for the 5G new radio n38 (2.57-2.62 GHz) applications. Simulation reinforced with experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed technique, whereas the two Guo-shaped patch elements packed in such small spacing can be operated independently. Both the envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain are approaching their ideal values.

Aims To assess whether a structured diabetes education programme, the Patient Empowerment Programme (PEP), was associated with a lower risk of first cardiovascular disease (CVD) event and all-cause mortality in a population-based cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in primary care. Methods A Chinese cohort of 27 278 patients with T2DM and without previous CVD events on or before the baseline study recruitment date was linked to the Hong Kong administrative database from 2008 to 2013. The PEP was provided to patients with T2DM treated at primary care outpatient clinics through community trained professional educators. PEP non-participants were matched one-to-one with the PEP participants using a propensity score method with respect to their baseline covariates. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to estimate the associations of the PEP with the occurrence of first CVD event, coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure and death from any cause, controlling for baseline characteristics. Results During a median of 21.5 months follow-up, 795 (352 PEP participants and 443 PEP non-participants) patients experienced a first CVD event. After adjusting for confounding variables, PEP participants had a lower rate of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.564, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.445–0.715; p

The objective of this investigation was to examine the dentofacial features of a group of patients with hypodontia, in particular assessing whether cephalometric analysis confirmed the clinical assumption of a reduced lower face height, and to determine the relationship of these facial features with different numbers of missing teeth. It took the form of a cephalometric study, undertaken in a dedicated Dental Hospital clinic for patients with hypodontia. The study group comprised 59 patients seen on the Hypodontia Clinic: 32 females, 27 males, mean age 13.1+/-3.1 years (range 6-23 years). The average number of missing teeth was 7 (SD 5), ranging from 1 to 21. The mean SNA, SNB, and MMA angles were within normal limits, but there was a statistically significant reduction in the MMA when more than one tooth type was missing (P = 0.007) and the ANB angle decreased as the number of missing tooth types increased (P = 0.034). The mean values for the whole sample were within the normal range and did not demonstrate any feature specific to the group, but patients with more severe hypodontia showed tendencies to a Class III skeletal relationship and a reduced maxillary-mandibular planes angle.

In this chapter, we show that the definition of the stochastic integral can be extended to a larger class of integrands than the predictable ones, when either a mild condition on the Doleans measure \( \mu_{M} \) is satisfied or M is continuous.

The process \( |B| \) is called the reflection of the Brownian motion B at zero. By (8.1), the pair \( (|B|,L) \) is almost surely the solution of a certain problem of reflection for \( \hat{B} \), discussed in Section 8.2. This yields an alternative representation, directly in terms of \( \hat{B} \), for L and hence for \( |B| \) The Ito formula will be used in Section 8.3, to make the connection with the analytical theory of this alternative representation.

In this paper, we present a new parametric parallel algorithm for semigroup computation on mesh with reconfigurable buses (MRB). Givenn operands, our parallel algorithm can be performed in\(O(2^{(2c^2 + 3c)/(4c + 1)} n^{1/(8c + 2)} )\), time on a\(2^{(c^2 - c)/(8c + 2)} n^{(5c + 1)/(8c + 2)} \times 2^{(c - c^2 )/(8c + 2)} n^{(3c + 1)/(8c + 2)} \) MRB ofn processors, where\(0 \leqslant c \leqslant O(\sqrt {\log _2 n} )\). Specifically, whenc=0, it takes\(O(\sqrt n )\) time on the\(\sqrt n \times \sqrt n \) MRB and is equal to the result on the mesh-connected computers; whenc=1, it takesO(n1/10) time on then3/5×n2/5 MRB and is equal to the previous result on the mesh-connected computers with segmented multiple buses; whenc=2, it takesO(n1/18) time on the 21/9n11/18×2(−1/9)n7/18 MRB; when\(O(\sqrt {\log _2 n} )\), it takesO(log2n) time and is equal to the previous result on the MRB. Consequently, our results can be viewed as a unification of some best known results on different parallel computational models.

To review potential risks of eye medications to the mother and her foetus.PubMed search for all relevant articles (1966 to 2003).All types of publication that documented potential risks of eye medications during pregnancy. The following key words were used: pregnancy, fetus, teratogenicity, eye, ocular, ophthalmic, glaucoma, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, and corticosteroids.All relevant articles including original articles, review papers, case studies, and relevant book chapters were extracted and reviewed.Whether ophthalmic medications can be used during pregnancy is a very important issue; yet, limited information on the subject exists in the literature. Topically applied eye medications that give rise to systemic side-effects are of particular concern to both patients and doctors. Various ophthalmic anti-infective preparations and ophthalmic corticosteroids have shown to cause teratogenicity in animal studies. Furthermore, anti-glaucoma drugs pose potential risks to the foetus if they are absorbed systemically. This article examines the association between the main groups of ophthalmic medication and their possible adverse effects on the mother and the foetus. Recommendations for the treatment of pregnant patients with eye diseases are also discussed.The risk of giving ophthalmic drugs to pregnant women is low. Doctors should be cautious when prescribing drugs for pregnant women and consult experts in the field when in doubt.

Tc(V)-99m DMS, developed by Yokoyama et al. in 1981, has been recognized to be advantageous for the scintigraphic diagnosis of various malignant tumors and their metastasis, the aim of this study is to assess the in-vitro stability of Tc(V)-99m DMS. Thin-layer chromatography, including paper chromatography and silica gel thin layer chromatography, is performed to determine the change of radiochemical species presented in the reconstituted solution of Tc(V)-99m DMS prepared from the DMS kit (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council R.O.C.) and the commercial DMSA kit (Nephroscint, IRE CELLTARG Radiopharmaceuticals Japan). The bioscan imaging scanner is used to measure the Rf value and labeling efficiency of radiochemical species on the chromatographic strip. The in-vitro stability of Tc(V)-99m DMS prepared from the DMS kit and the commercial DMSA kit is studied by examining various parameters which include temperature(degree C) and time(hr) after reconstitution. The results show that the in-vitro stability of Tc(V)-99m DMS prepared from the DMS kit is actually better than that from the commercial DMSA kit. The one-step labeling method of DMS kit is much simpler than the two-step labeling method of DMSA kit.

1. To determine the accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity, positive prediction, and negative prediction of TempaDOT, FirstTEMP, and Genius as compared to the glass mercury thermometer; 2. To determine the influence of age, behavior, febrile status, tympanic membrane bulge, presence of ear wax, and site on temperature readings; and 3. To determine the ability of each instrument to detect a shift in temperature after Tylenol.A quasi-experimental, multiple-correlational design was used to study 960 temperature measurements obtained on 89 febrile and 83 afebrile children in an emergency unit.TempaDOT was found to be the most accurate and most precise instrument for children ages 5 years and under with and without fevers. FirstTEMP was found to be most sensitive for temperatures above 37.5 degrees C and best in detecting shifts after Tylenol was given. Age, behavior, febrile status or tympanic membrane bulge did not significantly affect accuracy. The most accurate sites in order of accuracy were: oral axillary, aural, rectal. The order of precision of sites was: oral, aural, rectal, and axillary. Behavior did not significantly affect the precision.TempaDOT was found to be the most clinically useful temperature measurement instrument. FirstTEMP may be used as a screening tool to determine if antipyretic medication is working to decrease fevers. TempaDOT is recommended for use in emergency units to validate the presence or absence of fevers in children especially when the FirstTEMP reading is near 37.0-38.8 degrees C.

In this chapter, we consider stochastic differential equations (SDE’s) of the form $$dX\left( t \right) = \sigma \left( {X\left( t \right)} \right)dB\left( t \right) + b\left( {X\left( t \right)} \right)dt$$ (10.1) , or equivalently in coordinate form $$d{X_i}\left( t \right) = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^r {{\sigma _{ij}}} \left( {X\left( t \right)} \right)d{B_j}\left( t \right) + {b_i}\left( {X\left( t \right)} \right)dt, for i = 1, \ldots ,d,$$ (10.2) where B = (B 1 …, B r ) is an r-dimensional Brownian motion (r ≥ 1) starting from the origin, and σ : IR d → IR d ⊗ IR r and b: IR d → IR d are Borel measurable functions. Here IR d ⊗ IR r , d ≥ 1, r ≥ 1, denotes the space of d × r real-valued matrices with the norm $$parallel A\parallel = {\left( {\sum\limits_{i = 1}^d {\sum\limits_{j = 1}^r {A_{ij}^2} } } \right)^{\frac{1}{2}}}$$ (10.3) for A ∈ IR d ⊗ IR r .

In this chapter, we shall define stochastic integrals of the form ∫[0, t] X dM where M is a right continuous local L 2-martingale and X is a process satisfying certain measurability and integrability assumptions, such that the family of stochastic integrals (∫[0, t] X dM, t ∈ ℝ+ is a right continuous local L 2-martingale. For certain M and X, the integral can be defined path-by-path.

Summary Electron micrographs are presented which illustrate ultrastructural relationships between the polyhedron macromolecular lattice, polyhedron membrane and condensed fibrous sheets in Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. A fibrous material appears to be implicated in the production of all three structures in the infected nuclei. Fibres within an unorganized network were considered to bind together to form a matrix which became ordered into a macromolecular lattice. Accumulations of fibrous masses seen at the periphery of the polyhedron apparently condensed to form the polyhedron membrane. Single and double condensed fibrous sheets are also found in the nucleus; the ultrastructural studies indicate that they too may have arisen by condensation of the fibrous material.

Summary Two morphology mutants designated m-5 and m-6, of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) were isolated from virus grown in the presence of N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Infected cells contained single, large cuboidal inclusion bodies with a crystalline lattice ultrastructure and envelope similar to that of wild-type (wt) polyhedra. The inclusion bodies had low infectivity when fed to Trichoplusia ni larvae. The paracrystalline lattice structure of the mutants was similar to wt, but occluded viruses were rarely found within the mutants. The m-5 polyhedrin (mol. wt. 30000) could be distinguished from wt and m-6 polyhedrin on the basis of migration in SDS-PAGE gels. Peptide maps of polyhedrin were obtained following digestion with chymotrypsinogen or Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. They were identical for m-6 and wt polyhedrin but m-5 polyhedrin gave a different pattern. Thus, the altered morphology may be due to a change in polyhedrin composition not detectable in m-6 polyhedrin by the methods used here, or it may be the result of a mutation affecting a protein not yet identified.

Sublethal doses of rifampin (0-005 mug/ml), added to vegetatively growing cultures of a sporogenic mutant of Clostridium botulinum at inoculation time or after 4 h, resulted in a decrease of growth and in blockage of spore formation. But when rifampin was added 6 to 24 h after inoculation, normal growth and sporulation occurred, indicating that the time of addition was critical and that rifampin was most effective on rapidly dividing, exponential-phase cells. Ultrastructural studies showed that when rifampin was added at the time of inoculation, endospore development was blocked at stage III. During subsequent incubation (greater than 10 h) the cells lost their rigidity, and lysis of the mother cell was followed by that of the forespore. When the cultures were treated with rifampin at 4 h, about 40% of the cells were blocked at stage III and about 60% reached stages IV and V. Some showed excessive elongation and contained developing spores at each pole. They appeared to be derived from two daughter cells unable to form a division septum because of a specific inhibitory effect of rifampin on division. It would seem, therefore, that two daughter cells which are genetically coded to form endospores will do so irrespective of the development of a division septum, and the spores are formed at the 'old' polar regions.

We investigate the nature of the set of emptiness times of a dam whose release rate depends on the content and whose cumulative input process is a pure-jump Lévy process. Detailed results are obtained for stable input processes and release functions of the form r(x) = xβ I(o,∞)(x).