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1. Brief communication: body composition and hidden obesity in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy

Author

K. Konishi, H. Nakagawa, T. Asaoka, Y. Kasamatsu, T. Goto, and M. Shirano

Subjects
HIV, Antiretroviral therapy, Weight gain, Body composition, Japan, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Background Increased incidence of lifestyle diseases as side-effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been reported in people living with HIV (PLWH). Few studies have evaluated obesity and hidden obesity in Japanese PLWH and their association with ART. In order to provide more appropriate drug selection and lifestyle guidance, we investigated the relationship between the effects of HIV infection and ART on the body composition of Japanese PLWH. Methods PLWH who visited the outpatient clinic and had body composition measured using the body composition analyzer InBody 570 were included in this study. Medications, comorbidities, and blood test data were obtained. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were measured. Results In this study, 543 patients were included. Based on body shape, patients were classified into a thin group (13), normal weight group (14), hidden obesity group (158), apparent obesity group (14), and obesity group (218). Compared with the normal weight group, the hidden obesity group had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and a lower SMI. Conclusions PLWH are more likely to have obesity than the general population, indicating that hidden obesity is common even among those with a normal BMI. It is important to measure body fat percentage along with body weight, as hidden obesity can be missed. Further investigation of the effects of ART on body composition is needed.

Published
2024
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2. Epibiotic fauna of the Antarctic minke whale as a reliable indicator of seasonal movements

Author

S. Ten, K. Konishi, J. A. Raga, L. A. Pastene, and F. J. Aznar

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Antarctic minke whales, Balaenoptera bonaerensis, breed in tropical and temperate waters of the Southern Hemisphere in winter and feed in Antarctic grounds in the austral summer. These seasonal migrations could be less defined than those of other whale species, but the evidence is scanty. We quantitatively describe the epibiotic fauna of Antarctic minke whales and explore its potential to trace migrations. Seven species were found on 125 out of 333 examined Antarctic minke whales captured during the last Antarctic NEWREP-A expedition in the Southern Ocean: the amphipod Balaenocyamus balaenopterae (prevalence = 22.2%), the copepod Pennella balaenoptera (0.6%); three coronulid, obligate barnacles, Xenobalanus globicipitis (11.1%), Coronula reginae (8.7%), C. diadema (0.9%); and two lepadid, facultative barnacles, Conchoderma auritum (9.0%) and C. virgatum (0.3%). Species with prevalence > 8% exhibited a modest increase in their probability of occurrence with whale body length. Data indicated positive associations between coronulid barnacles and no apparent recruitment in Antarctic waters. All specimens of X. globicipitis were dead, showing progressive degradation throughout the sampling period, and a geographic analysis indicated a marked drop of occurrence where the minimum sea surface temperature is

Published
2022
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3. Strong suppression of Curie temperature of spin-polarized ferromagnet La1−xSrxMnO3 by application of dynamic strain

Author

M. Mito, K. Tsuruta, T. Tajiri, N. Ikeda, M. Ohkuma, A. Kohno, K. Konishi, and H. Deguchi

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The ferromagnetic state of the spin-polarized ferromagnet La1−xSrxMnO3 is stabilized in the metallic region by strong coupling between localized spins in the t2g orbital and conduction electrons in the eg orbital. We prepared polycrystalline La1−xSrxMnO3 films (x = 0.15, 0.25, or 0.30) by deposition on an oxidized Si substrate. The three types of La1−xSrxMnO3 films were in the ferromagnetic rhombohedral phase, and their Curie temperatures, TC, evaluated from the midpoint of ac magnetization, were 305 K, 335 K, and 338 K, respectively. By applying expansion-mode acoustic vibration to the crystal structure of La1−xSrxMnO3, we observed a remarkable decrease (as large as 70 K) in TC. The applied structural perturbation causes a decrease in the possibility of conduction electron hopping and an increase in the Jahn–Teller distortion. The former is more effective for decreasing TC than the latter.

Published
2020
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4. Effect of external magnetic field on locking range of spintronic feedback nano oscillator

Author

Hanuman Singh, K. Konishi, A. Bose, S. Bhuktare, S. Miwa, A. Fukushima, K. Yakushiji, S. Yuasa, H. Kubota, Y. Suzuki, and A. A. Tulapurkar

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

In this work we have studied the effect of external applied magnetic field on the locking range of spintronic feedback nano oscillator. Injection locking of spintronic feedback nano oscillator at integer and fractional multiple of its auto oscillation frequency was demonstrated recently. Here we show that the locking range increases with increasing external magnetic field. We also show synchronization of spintronic feedback nano oscillator at integer (n=1,2,3) multiples of auto oscillation frequency and side band peaks at higher external magnetic field values. We have verified experimental results with macro-spin simulation using similar conditions as used for the experimental study.

Published
2018
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5. Overview of the Medium and High Frequency Telescopes of the LiteBIRD Satellite Mission

Author

L. Montier, B. Mot, P. de Bernardis, B. Maffei, G. Pisano, F. Columbro, J. E. Gudmundsson, S. Henrot-Versillé, L. Lamagna, J. Montgomery, T. Prouvé, M. Russell, G. Savini, S. Stever, K. L. Thompson, M. Tsujimoto, C. Tucker, B. Westbrook, P. A.R. Ade, A. Adler, E. Allys, K. Arnold, D. Auguste, J. Aumont, R. Aurlien, J. Austermann, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banda, R. Banerji, R. B. Barreiro, S. Basak, J. Beall, D. Beck, S. Beckman, J. Bermejo, M. Bersanelli, J. Bonis, J. Borrill, F. Boulanger, S. Bounissou, M. Brilenkov, M. Brown, M. Bucher, E. Calabrese, P. Campeti, A. Carones, F. J. Casas, A. Challinor, V. Chan, K. Cheung, Y. Chinone, J. F. Cliché, L. Colombo, J. Cubas, A. Cukierman, D. Curtis, G. D’Alessandro, N. Dachlythra, M. De Petris, C. Dickinson, P. Diego-Palazuelos, M. Dobbs, T. Dotani, L. Duband, S. Duff, J. M. Duval, K. Ebisawa, T. Elleflot, H. K. Eriksen, J. Errard, T. Essinger-Hileman, F. Finelli, R. Flauger, C. Franceschet, U. Fuskeland, M. Galloway, K. Ganga, J. R. Gao, R. Genova-Santos, M. Gerbino, M. Gervasi, T. Ghigna, E. Gjerløw, M. L. Gradziel, J. Grain, F. Grupp, A. Gruppuso, T. de Haan, N. W. Halverson, P. Hargrave, T. Hasebe, M. Hasegawa, M. Hattori, M. Hazumi, D. Herman, D. Herranz, C. A. Hill, G. Hilton, Y. Hirota, E. Hivon, R. A. Hlozek, Y. Hoshino, E. de la Hoz, J. Hubmayr, K. Ichiki, T. Iida, H. Imada, K. Ishimura, H. Ishino, G. Jaehnig, T. Kaga, S. Kashima, N. Katayama, A. Kato, T. Kawasaki, R. Keskitalo, T. Kisner, Y. Kobayashi, N. Kogiso, A. Kogut, K. Kohri, E. Komatsu, K. Komatsu, K. Konishi, N. Krachmalnicoff, I. Kreykenbohm, C. L. Kuo, A. Kushino, J. V. Lanen, M. Lattanzi, A.T. Lee, C. Leloup, F. Levrier, E. Linder, T. Louis, G. Luzzi, T. Maciaszek, D. Maino, M. Maki, S. Mandelli, E. Martinez-Gonzalez, S. Masi, T. Matsumura, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, Y. Minami, K. Mitsuda, G. Morgante, Y. Murata, J. A. Murphy, M. Nagai, Y. Nagano, T. Nagasaki, R. Nagata, S. Nakamura, T. Namikawa, P. Natoli, S. Nerval, T. Nishibori, H. Nishino, C. O’Sullivan, H. Ogawa, S. Oguri, H. Ohsaki, I. S. Ohta, N. Okada, L. Pagano, A. Paiella, D. Paoletti, G. Patanchon, J. Peloton, F. Piacentini, G. Polenta, D. Poletti, G. Puglisi, D. Rambaud, C. Raum, S. Realini, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, A. Ritacco, G. Roudil, J. A. Rubino-Martin, H. Sakurai, Y. Sakurai, M. Sandri, M. Sasaki, D. Scott, J. Seibert, Y. Sekimoto, B. Sherwin, K. Shinozaki, M. Shiraishi, P. J. Shirron, G. Signorelli, G. Smecher, R. Stompor, H. Sugai, S. Sugiyama, A. Suzuki, J. Suzuki, T. L. Svalheim, E. Switzer, R. Takaku, H. Takakura, S. Takakura, Y. Takase, Y. Takeda, A. Tartari, E. Taylor, Y. Terao, H. Thommesen, B. Thorne, T. Toda, M. Tomasi, M. Tominaga, N. Trappe, M. Tristram, M. Tsuji, J. Ullom, G. Vermeulen, P. Vielva, F. Villa, M. Vissers, N. Vittorio, I. Wehus, J. Weller, J. Wilms, B. Winter, E. J. Wollack, N. Y. Yamasaki, T. Yoshida, J. Yumoto, M. Zannoni, and A. Zonca

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography, Astrophysics
Abstract

LiteBIRD is a JAXA-led Strategic Large-Class mission designed to search for the existence of the primordial gravitational waves produced during the inflationary phase of the Universe, through the measurements of their imprint onto the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These measurements, requiring unprecedented sensitivity, will be performed over the full sky, at large angular scales, and over 15 frequency bands from 34 GHz to 448 GHz. The LiteBIRD instruments consist of three telescopes, namely the Low-, Medium- and High-Frequency Telescope (respectively LFT, MFT and HFT). We present in this paper an overview of the design of the Medium-Frequency Telescope (89–224 GHz) and the High-Frequency Telescope (166–448 GHz), the so-called MHFT, under European responsibility, which are two cryogenic refractive telescopes cooled down to 5 K. They include a continuous rotating half-wave plate as the first optical element, two high-density polyethylene (HDPE) lenses and more than three thousand transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors cooled to 100 mK. We provide an overview of the concept design and the remaining specific challenges that we have to face in order to achieve the scientific goals of LiteBIRD.

Published
2020
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11. Optical Characterization of OMT-Coupled TES Bolometers for LiteBIRD

Author

J. Hubmayr, P. A. R. Ade, A. Adler, E. Allys, D. Alonso, K. Arnold, D. Auguste, J. Aumont, R. Aurlien, J. E. Austermann, S. Azzoni, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banday, R. Banerji, R. B. Barreiro, N. Bartolo, S. Basak, E. Battistelli, L. Bautista, J. A. Beall, D. Beck, S. Beckman, K. Benabed, J. Bermejo-Ballesteros, M. Bersanelli, J. Bonis, J. Borrill, F. Bouchet, F. Boulanger, S. Bounissou, M. Brilenkov, M. L. Brown, M. Bucher, E. Calabrese, M. Calvo, P. Campeti, A. Carones, F. J. Casas, A. Catalano, A. Challinor, V. Chan, K. Cheung, Y. Chinone, C. Chiocchetta, S. E. Clark, L. Clermont, S. Clesse, J. Cliche, F. Columbro, J. A. Connors, A. Coppolecchia, W. Coulton, J. Cubas, A. Cukierman, D. Curtis, F. Cuttaia, G. D’Alessandro, K. Dachlythra, P. de Bernardis, T. de Haan, E. de la Hoz, M. De Petris, S. Della Torre, J. J. Daz Garca, C. Dickinson, P. Diego-Palazuelos, M. Dobbs, T. Dotani, D. Douillet, E. Doumayrou, L. Duband, A. Ducout, S. M. Duff, J. M. Duval, K. Ebisawa, T. Elleflot, H. K. Eriksen, J. Errard, T. Essinger-Hileman, S. Farrens, F. Finelli, R. Flauger, K. Fleury-Frenette, C. Franceschet, U. Fuskeland, L. Galli, S. Galli, M. Galloway, K. Ganga, J. R. Gao, R. T. Genova-Santos, M. Georges, M. Gerbino, M. Gervasi, T. Ghigna, S. Giardiello, E. Gjerlw, R. Gonzlez Gonzles, M. L. Gradziel, J. Grain, L. Grandsire, F. Grupp, A. Gruppuso, J. E. Gudmundsson, N. W. Halverson, J. Hamilton, P. Hargrave, T. Hasebe, M. Hasegawa, M. Hattori, M. Hazumi, S. Henrot-Versill, B. Hensley, D. Herman, D. Herranz, G. C. Hilton, E. Hivon, R. A. Hlozek, D. Hoang, A. L. Hornsby, Y. Hoshino, K. Ichiki, T. Iida, T. Ikemoto, H. Imada, K. Ishimura, H. Ishino, G. Jaehnig, M. Jones, T. Kaga, S. Kashima, N. Katayama, A. Kato, T. Kawasaki, R. Keskitalo, C. Kintziger, T. Kisner, Y. Kobayashi, N. Kogiso, A. Kogut, K. Kohri, E. Komatsu, K. Komatsu, K. Konishi, N. Krachmalnicoff, I. Kreykenbohm, C. L. Kuo, A. Kushino, L. Lamagna, J. V. Lanen, G. Laquaniello, M. Lattanzi, A. T. Lee, C. Leloup, F. Levrier, E. Linder, M. J. Link, A. I. Lonappan, T. Louis, G. Luzzi, J. Macias-Perez, T. Maciaszek, B. Maffei, D. Maino, M. Maki, S. Mandelli, M. Maris, B. Marquet, E. Martnez-Gonzlez, F. A. Martire, S. Masi, M. Massa, M. Masuzawa, S. Matarrese, F. T. Matsuda, T. Matsumura, L. Mele, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, Y. Minami, K. Mitsuda, A. Moggi, M. Monelli, A. Monfardini, J. Montgomery, L. Montier, G. Morgante, B. Mot, Y. Murata, J. A. Murphy, M. Nagai, Y. Nagano, T. Nagasaki, R. Nagata, S. Nakamura, R. Nakano, T. Namikawa, F. Nati, P. Natoli, S. Nerval, N. Neto Godry Farias, T. Nishibori, H. Nishino, F. Noviello, G. C. O’Neil, C. O’Sullivan, K. Odagiri, H. Ochi, H. Ogawa, S. Oguri, H. Ohsaki, I. S. Ohta, N. Okada, L. Pagano, A. Paiella, D. Paoletti, G. Pascual Cisneros, A. Passerini, G. Patanchon, V. Pelgrim, J. Peloton, V. Pettorino, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, G. Piccirilli, F. Pinsard, G. Pisano, J. Plesseria, G. Polenta, D. Poletti, T. Prouv, G. Puglisi, D. Rambaud, C. Raum, S. Realini, M. Reinecke, C. D. Reintsema, M. Remazeilles, A. Ritacco, P. Rosier, G. Roudil, J. Rubino-Martin, M. Russell, H. Sakurai, Y. Sakurai, M. Sandri, M. Sasaki, G. Savini, D. Scott, J. Seibert, Y. Sekimoto, B. Sherwin, K. Shinozaki, M. Shiraishi, P. Shirron, A. Shitvov, G. Signorelli, G. Smecher, F. Spinella, J. Starck, S. Stever, R. Stompor, R. Sudiwala, S. Sugiyama, R. Sullivan, A. Suzuki, J. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. L. Svalheim, E. Switzer, R. Takaku, H. Takakura, S. Takakura, Y. Takase, Y. Takeda, A. Tartari, D. Tavagnacco, A. Taylor, E. Taylor, Y. Terao, L. Terenzi, J. Thermeau, H. Thommesen, K. L. Thompson, B. Thorne, T. Toda, M. Tomasi, M. Tominaga, N. Trappe, M. Tristram, M. Tsuji, M. Tsujimoto, C. Tucker, R. Ueki, J. N. Ullom, K. Umemori, L. Vacher, J. Van Lanen, G. Vermeulen, P. Vielva, F. Villa, M. R. Vissers, N. Vittorio, B. Wandelt, W. Wang, I. K. Wehus, J. Weller, B. Westbrook, G. Weymann-Despres, J. Wilms, B. Winter, E. J. Wollack, N. Y. Yamasaki, T. Yoshida, J. Yumoto, K. Watanuki, A. Zacchei, M. Zannoni, A. Zonca, Hubmayr, J, Ade, P, Adler, A, Allys, E, Alonso, D, Arnold, K, Auguste, D, Aumont, J, Aurlien, R, Austermann, J, Azzoni, S, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Banerji, R, Barreiro, R, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Battistelli, E, Bautista, L, Beall, J, Beck, D, Beckman, S, Benabed, K, Bermejo-Ballesteros, J, Bersanelli, M, Bonis, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Boulanger, F, Bounissou, S, Brilenkov, M, Brown, M, Bucher, M, Calabrese, E, Calvo, M, Campeti, P, Carones, A, Casas, F, Catalano, A, Challinor, A, Chan, V, Cheung, K, Chinone, Y, Chiocchetta, C, Clark, S, Clermont, L, Clesse, S, Cliche, J, Columbro, F, Connors, J, Coppolecchia, A, Coulton, W, Cubas, J, Cukierman, A, Curtis, D, Cuttaia, F, D’Alessandro, G, Dachlythra, K, de Bernardis, P, de Haan, T, de la Hoz, E, De Petris, M, Della Torre, S, Daz Garca, J, Dickinson, C, Diego-Palazuelos, P, Dobbs, M, Dotani, T, Douillet, D, Doumayrou, E, Duband, L, Ducout, A, Duff, S, Duval, J, Ebisawa, K, Elleflot, T, Eriksen, H, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Farrens, S, Finelli, F, Flauger, R, Fleury-Frenette, K, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Galli, L, Galli, S, Galloway, M, Ganga, K, Gao, J, Genova-Santos, R, Georges, M, Gerbino, M, Gervasi, M, Ghigna, T, Giardiello, S, Gjerlw, E, Gonzles, R, Gradziel, M, Grain, J, Grandsire, L, Grupp, F, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, Halverson, N, Hamilton, J, Hargrave, P, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, M, Hazumi, M, Henrot-Versill, S, Hensley, B, Herman, D, Herranz, D, Hilton, G, Hivon, E, Hlozek, R, Hoang, D, Hornsby, A, Hoshino, Y, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Ikemoto, T, Imada, H, Ishimura, K, Ishino, H, Jaehnig, G, Jones, M, Kaga, T, Kashima, S, Katayama, N, Kato, A, Kawasaki, T, Keskitalo, R, Kintziger, C, Kisner, T, Kobayashi, Y, Kogiso, N, Kogut, A, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Konishi, K, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kreykenbohm, I, Kuo, C, Kushino, A, Lamagna, L, Lanen, J, Laquaniello, G, Lattanzi, M, Lee, A, Leloup, C, Levrier, F, Linder, E, Link, M, Lonappan, A, Louis, T, Luzzi, G, Macias-Perez, J, Maciaszek, T, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Maki, M, Mandelli, S, Maris, M, Marquet, B, Martnez-Gonzlez, E, Martire, F, Masi, S, Massa, M, Masuzawa, M, Matarrese, S, Matsuda, F, Matsumura, T, Mele, L, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Minami, Y, Mitsuda, K, Moggi, A, Monelli, M, Monfardini, A, Montgomery, J, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mot, B, Murata, Y, Murphy, J, Nagai, M, Nagano, Y, Nagasaki, T, Nagata, R, Nakamura, S, Nakano, R, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Nerval, S, Neto Godry Farias, N, Nishibori, T, Nishino, H, Noviello, F, O’Neil, G, O’Sullivan, C, Odagiri, K, Ochi, H, Ogawa, H, Oguri, S, Ohsaki, H, Ohta, I, Okada, N, Pagano, L, Paiella, A, Paoletti, D, Pascual Cisneros, G, Passerini, A, Patanchon, G, Pelgrim, V, Peloton, J, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirilli, G, Pinsard, F, Pisano, G, Plesseria, J, Polenta, G, Poletti, D, Prouv, T, Puglisi, G, Rambaud, D, Raum, C, Realini, S, Reinecke, M, Reintsema, C, Remazeilles, M, Ritacco, A, Rosier, P, Roudil, G, Rubino-Martin, J, Russell, M, Sakurai, H, Sakurai, Y, Sandri, M, Sasaki, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Seibert, J, Sekimoto, Y, Sherwin, B, Shinozaki, K, Shiraishi, M, Shirron, P, Shitvov, A, Signorelli, G, Smecher, G, Spinella, F, Starck, J, Stever, S, Stompor, R, Sudiwala, R, Sugiyama, S, Sullivan, R, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, J, Suzuki, T, Svalheim, T, Switzer, E, Takaku, R, Takakura, H, Takakura, S, Takase, Y, Takeda, Y, Tartari, A, Tavagnacco, D, Taylor, A, Taylor, E, Terao, Y, Terenzi, L, Thermeau, J, Thommesen, H, Thompson, K, Thorne, B, Toda, T, Tomasi, M, Tominaga, M, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Tsuji, M, Tsujimoto, M, Tucker, C, Ueki, R, Ullom, J, Umemori, K, Vacher, L, Van Lanen, J, Vermeulen, G, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vissers, M, Vittorio, N, Wandelt, B, Wang, W, Wehus, I, Weller, J, Westbrook, B, Weymann-Despres, G, Wilms, J, Winter, B, Wollack, E, Yamasaki, N, Yoshida, T, Yumoto, J, Watanuki, K, Zacchei, A, Zannoni, M, Zonca, A, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)

Subjects
CMB, TES, OMT, Low temperature detector, Bolometer, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, General Materials Science, Condensed Matter Physics, CMB, TES, OMT, Low temperature detector, Bolometer, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

et al., Feedhorn- and orthomode transducer- (OMT) coupled transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers have been designed and micro-fabricated to meet the optical specifications of the LiteBIRD high frequency telescope (HFT) focal plane. We discuss the design and optical characterization of two LiteBIRD HFT detector types: dual-polarization, dual-frequency-band pixels with 195/280 GHz and 235/337 GHz band centers. Results show well-matched passbands between orthogonal polarization channels and frequency centers within 3% of the design values. The optical efficiency of each frequency channel is conservatively reported to be within the range 0.64−0.72, determined from the response to a cryogenic, temperature-controlled thermal source. These values are in good agreement with expectations and either exceed or are within 10% of the values used in the LiteBIRD sensitivity forecast. Lastly, we report a measurement of loss in Nb/SiNx/Nb microstrip at 100 mK and over the frequency range 200–350 GHz, which is comparable to values previously reported in the literature., This work is supported by NASA under grant no. 80NSSC18K0132.

Published
2022

13. Analog In-memory Computing in FeFET-based 1T1R Array for Edge AI Applications

Author

Nicolo Ronchi, Y. Shuto, J. Van Houdt, Arindam Mallik, K. Banerjee, K. Ohkuri, Toshiyuki Kobayashi, T. Umebayashi, Masanori Tsukamoto, D. Saito, Takayuki Ezaki, Jun Okuno, L. Di Piazza, K. Konishi, and H. Koga

Subjects
Physics, Artificial neural network, law, In-Memory Processing, Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, Applications of artificial intelligence, Resistor, Massively parallel, Random access, law.invention, Computational science, Resistive random-access memory
Abstract

Deep neural network (DNN) inference for edge AI requires low-power operation, which can be achieved by implementing massively parallel matrix-vector multiplications (MVM) in the analog domain on a highly resistive memory array. We propose a 1T1R compute cell (1T1R-cell) using a ferroelectric hafnium oxide-based FET (FeFET) and TiN/SiO 2 tunneling junction of MΩ resistor (MOR) for analog in-memory computing (AiMC). The MOR exhibited a tunneling current behavior and MΩ resistance. A 1T1R-cell array-level evaluation was also performed. A random access for writing with low write disturbance scheme was confirmed from the summation-DC-current output, and binaries were successfully classified into “T” and “L.” Based on the experimental results of our proposed 1T1R-cell, we obtained a state-of-the-art energy efficiency of 13700 TOPS/W including the periphery. Furthermore, we confirmed that a high inference accuracy can be obtained with our low-resistance-variability 1T1R-cell with a properly trained model.

Published
2021
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15. Premature acute coronary syndrome patients do not have a better prognosis for their age than mature ACS patients by propensity score match analysis

Author

Tomoyuki Nakata, K Konishi, T Kurita, Akihiro Takasaki, H Mizutani, Jun Masuda, Masaaki Ito, Daisuke Izumi, Kaoru Dohi, and T Omura

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Unstable angina, business.industry, medicine.disease, Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome, Internal medicine, Heart failure, Propensity score matching, medicine, Myocardial infarction, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Survival analysis, Killip class
Abstract

Background Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the most important cardiovascular (CV) disease with a prevalence that increases with age. There is no data which compared the prognosis with premature ACS and mature ACS using propensity score matched analysis Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the prognosis of premature ACS patients and mature ACS patients using propensity score matched analysis. Methods We analyzed of 4249 ACS patients (69.1±12.6, male 77%) including 773 premature ACS patients (50.1±6.8, male 78%) and 3476 mature ACS (73.3±9.3, male 77%) from January 2013 to December 2018, using data from Mie ACS Registry, a prospective and multicenter registry in Japan. Premature onset of ACS was defined as younger than 65 years old in male and 55 years old in female. Primary end point was as major adverse cardiac event (MACE) including cardiovascular death, non-fetal myocardial infarction, heart failure requiring admission and unstable angina. Results During median follow duration of 742 days ranging from409 to 828 days, 502 MACE were occurred. Premature ACS patients were younger and showed higher body mass index compared to mature ACS patients (50.1±6.8 vs 73.3±9.3 y.o., 25.5 vs 23.0, P Conclusion Premature ACS patients are required very careful management because they might have factors with unfavorable prognosis, such as lifestyle habit and genetics, that may be beyond age. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Published
2020
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16. Updated design of the CMB polarization experiment satellite LiteBIRD

Author

H. Sugai, P. A. R. Ade, Y. Akiba, D. Alonso, K. Arnold, J. Aumont, J. Austermann, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banday, R. Banerji, R. B. Barreiro, S. Basak, J. Beall, S. Beckman, M. Bersanelli, J. Borrill, F. Boulanger, M. L. Brown, M. Bucher, A. Buzzelli, E. Calabrese, F. J. Casas, A. Challinor, V. Chan, Y. Chinone, J.-F. Cliche, F. Columbro, A. Cukierman, D. Curtis, P. Danto, P. de Bernardis, T. de Haan, M. De Petris, C. Dickinson, M. Dobbs, T. Dotani, L. Duband, A. Ducout, S. Duff, A. Duivenvoorden, J.-M. Duval, K. Ebisawa, T. Elleflot, H. Enokida, H. K. Eriksen, J. Errard, T. Essinger-Hileman, F. Finelli, R. Flauger, C. Franceschet, U. Fuskeland, K. Ganga, J.-R. Gao, R. Génova-Santos, T. Ghigna, A. Gomez, M. L. Gradziel, J. Grain, F. Grupp, A. Gruppuso, J. E. Gudmundsson, N. W. Halverson, P. Hargrave, T. Hasebe, M. Hasegawa, M. Hattori, M. Hazumi, S. Henrot-Versille, D. Herranz, C. Hill, G. Hilton, Y. Hirota, E. Hivon, R. Hlozek, D.-T. Hoang, J. Hubmayr, K. Ichiki, T. Iida, H. Imada, K. Ishimura, H. Ishino, G. C. Jaehnig, M. Jones, T. Kaga, S. Kashima, Y. Kataoka, N. Katayama, T. Kawasaki, R. Keskitalo, A. Kibayashi, T. Kikuchi, K. Kimura, T. Kisner, Y. Kobayashi, N. Kogiso, A. Kogut, K. Kohri, E. Komatsu, K. Komatsu, K. Konishi, N. Krachmalnicoff, C. L. Kuo, N. Kurinsky, A. Kushino, M. Kuwata-Gonokami, L. Lamagna, M. Lattanzi, A. T. Lee, E. Linder, B. Maffei, D. Maino, M. Maki, A. Mangilli, E. Martínez-González, S. Masi, R. Mathon, T. Matsumura, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, Y. Minami, K. Mistuda, D. Molinari, L. Montier, G. Morgante, B. Mot, Y. Murata, J. A. Murphy, M. Nagai, R. Nagata, S. Nakamura, T. Namikawa, P. Natoli, S. Nerval, T. Nishibori, H. Nishino, Y. Nomura, F. Noviello, C. O’Sullivan, H. Ochi, H. Ogawa, H. Ohsaki, I. Ohta, N. Okada, L. Pagano, A. Paiella, D. Paoletti, G. Patanchon, F. Piacentini, G. Pisano, G. Polenta, D. Poletti, T. Prouvé, G. Puglisi, D. Rambaud, C. Raum, S. Realini, M. Remazeilles, G. Roudil, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, M. Russell, H. Sakurai, Y. Sakurai, M. Sandri, G. Savini, D. Scott, Y. Sekimoto, B. D. Sherwin, K. Shinozaki, M. Shiraishi, P. Shirron, G. Signorelli, G. Smecher, P. Spizzi, S. L. Stever, R. Stompor, S. Sugiyama, A. Suzuki, J. Suzuki, E. Switzer, R. Takaku, H. Takakura, S. Takakura, Y. Takeda, A. Taylor, E. Taylor, Y. Terao, K. L. Thompson, B. Thorne, M. Tomasi, H. Tomida, N. Trappe, M. Tristram, M. Tsuji, M. Tsujimoto, C. Tucker, J. Ullom, S. Uozumi, S. Utsunomiya, J. Van Lanen, G. Vermeulen, P. Vielva, F. Villa, M. Vissers, N. Vittorio, F. Voisin, I. Walker, N. Watanabe, I. Wehus, J. Weller, B. Westbrook, B. Winter, E. Wollack, R. Yamamoto, N. Y. Yamasaki, M. Yanagisawa, T. Yoshida, J. Yumoto, M. Zannoni, A. Zonca, Sugai, H, Ade, P, Akiba, Y, Alonso, D, Arnold, K, Aumont, J, Austermann, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Banerji, R, Barreiro, R, Basak, S, Beall, J, Beckman, S, Bersanelli, M, Borrill, J, Boulanger, F, Brown, M, Bucher, M, Buzzelli, A, Calabrese, E, Casas, F, Challinor, A, Chan, V, Chinone, Y, Cliche, J, Columbro, F, Cukierman, A, Curtis, D, Danto, P, de Bernardis, P, de Haan, T, De Petris, M, Dickinson, C, Dobbs, M, Dotani, T, Duband, L, Ducout, A, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Duval, J, Ebisawa, K, Elleflot, T, Enokida, H, Eriksen, H, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Finelli, F, Flauger, R, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Ganga, K, Gao, J, Génova-Santos, R, Ghigna, T, Gomez, A, Gradziel, M, Grain, J, Grupp, F, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, Halverson, N, Hargrave, P, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, M, Hazumi, M, Henrot-Versille, S, Herranz, D, Hill, C, Hilton, G, Hirota, Y, Hivon, E, Hlozek, R, Hoang, D, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Ishimura, K, Ishino, H, Jaehnig, G, Jones, M, Kaga, T, Kashima, S, Kataoka, Y, Katayama, N, Kawasaki, T, Keskitalo, R, Kibayashi, A, Kikuchi, T, Kimura, K, Kisner, T, Kobayashi, Y, Kogiso, N, Kogut, A, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Konishi, K, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kuo, C, Kurinsky, N, Kushino, A, Kuwata-Gonokami, M, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Lee, A, Linder, E, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Maki, M, Mangilli, A, Martínez-González, E, Masi, S, Mathon, R, Matsumura, T, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Minami, Y, Mistuda, K, Molinari, D, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mot, B, Murata, Y, Murphy, J, Nagai, M, Nagata, R, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Natoli, P, Nerval, S, Nishibori, T, Nishino, H, Nomura, Y, Noviello, F, O’Sullivan, C, Ochi, H, Ogawa, H, Ohsaki, H, Ohta, I, Okada, N, Pagano, L, Paiella, A, Paoletti, D, Patanchon, G, Piacentini, F, Pisano, G, Polenta, G, Poletti, D, Prouvé, T, Puglisi, G, Rambaud, D, Raum, C, Realini, S, Remazeilles, M, Roudil, G, Rubiño-Martín, J, Russell, M, Sakurai, H, Sakurai, Y, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Sekimoto, Y, Sherwin, B, Shinozaki, K, Shiraishi, M, Shirron, P, Signorelli, G, Smecher, G, Spizzi, P, Stever, S, Stompor, R, Sugiyama, S, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, J, Switzer, E, Takaku, R, Takakura, H, Takakura, S, Takeda, Y, Taylor, A, Taylor, E, Terao, Y, Thompson, K, Thorne, B, Tomasi, M, Tomida, H, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Tsuji, M, Tsujimoto, M, Tucker, C, Ullom, J, Uozumi, S, Utsunomiya, S, Van Lanen, J, Vermeulen, G, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vissers, M, Vittorio, N, Voisin, F, Walker, I, Watanabe, N, Wehus, I, Weller, J, Westbrook, B, Winter, B, Wollack, E, Yamamoto, R, Yamasaki, N, Yanagisawa, M, Yoshida, T, Yumoto, J, Zannoni, M, Zonca, A, World Premier International Research Center (Japan), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Commissariat à l'Ènergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives (France), European Space Agency, Canadian Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Sugai, H. [0000-0001-6501-3871], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Passive cooling, Cosmic Microwave Background, Cosmology, Polarimetry, Instrumentation, Inflation, Cosmic microwave background, cosmic background radiation: polarization, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Polarization, General Materials Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Settore FIS/05, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, suppression, Condensed Matter Physics, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Infation, adiabatic, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, signature, Astrophysics and Astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, Lagrangian point, Inflation, Primordial gravitational wave, Satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Noise (electronics), Article, NO, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, noise: thermal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, PE9_14, beam: width, gravitational radiation: primordial, Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Sky, spectral, galaxy, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

H. Sugai, et al., Recent developments of transition-edge sensors (TESs), based on extensive experience in ground-based experiments, have been making the sensor techniques mature enough for their application on future satellite cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments. LiteBIRD is in the most advanced phase among such future satellites, targeting its launch in Japanese Fiscal Year 2027 (2027FY) with JAXA’s H3 rocket. It will accommodate more than 4000 TESs in focal planes of reflective low-frequency and refractive medium-and-high-frequency telescopes in order to detect a signature imprinted on the CMB by the primordial gravitational waves predicted in cosmic inflation. The total wide frequency coverage between 34 and 448 GHz enables us to extract such weak spiral polarization patterns through the precise subtraction of our Galaxy’s foreground emission by using spectral differences among CMB and foreground signals. Telescopes are cooled down to 5 K for suppressing thermal noise and contain polarization modulators with transmissive half-wave plates at individual apertures for separating sky polarization signals from artificial polarization and for mitigating from instrumental 1/f noise. Passive cooling by using V-grooves supports active cooling with mechanical coolers as well as adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators. Sky observations from the second Sun–Earth Lagrangian point, L2, are planned for 3 years. An international collaboration between Japan, the USA, Canada, and Europe is sharing various roles. In May 2019, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA, selected LiteBIRD as the strategic large mission No. 2., This work was supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan, by JSPS Core-to-Core Program, A. Advanced Research Networks, and by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP15H05891, JP17H01115, and JP17H01125. The Italian contribution to the LiteBIRD phase A is supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI Grant No. 2016-24- H.1-2018) and the National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN). The French contribution to the LiteBIRD phase A is supported by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiale (CNES), by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifque (CNRS), and by the Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA). A Concurrent Design Facility study focused on the MHFT and Sub-Kelvin coolers has been led by the European Space Agency (ESA). The Canadian contribution to LiteBIRD is supported by the Canadian Space Agency. The US contribution is supported by NASA Grant no. 80NSSC18K0132

Published
2020
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20. Impact of Total Radiation Dose on the Treatment Outcomes in Radiotherapy and Concomitant Superselective Intra-arterial High Dose Cisplatin for Locally Advanced Maxillary Sinus Cancer

Author

Katsumasa Nakamura, R. Ishiba, T. Ushio, T. Kosugi, S. Yamashita, T. Asao, Tetsuya Komatsu, K. Konishi, T. Ikenohira, M. Kamiya, and S. Goshima

Subjects
Cisplatin, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiation, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Radiation dose, Treatment outcome, Locally advanced, Radiation therapy, Maxillary Sinus Cancer, Oncology, Concomitant, medicine, Intra arterial, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, business, medicine.drug
Published
2020
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22. Hermaphroditic Freshwater Clams in the Genus Corbicula Produce Non-Reductional Spermatozoa With Somatic DNA Content

Author

Harumi Sakai, K. Konishi, Kouichi Kawamura, T Kobayashi, I Nakayama, and Akira Komaru

Subjects
Gill, Corbicula, endocrine system, biology, urogenital system, Somatic cell, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Zoology, Chromosome, biology.organism_classification, chemistry.chemical_compound, Meiosis, chemistry, Genus, Reproduction, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, reproductive and urinary physiology, DNA, media_common
Abstract

Hermaphroditic freshwater clams in the genus Corbicula produce non-reductional spermatozoa. The DNA content of spermatozoa was almost identical with that of somatic cells in C. leana from Mie Prefecture, Japan. Hermaphroditic C. aff. fluminea from Saga Prefecture and C. fluminea from Taiwan also produce non-reductional spermatozoa. On the other hand, spermatozoa of the dioecious C. sandai had half the DNA found in somatic cells. Analysis of chromosome numbers suggests that C. leana (3n = 54 in somatic cells and 18 in meiotic cells) from Mie Prefecture and C. aff. fluminea (2n = 36 in gills and 18 bivalents in meiotic cells) from Saga Prefecture are triploids and diploids, respectively. C. leana, C. aff. fluminea, and C. fluminea may lack either first or second meiosis, resulting in non-reductional spermatozoa. We assume that gynogenetic reproduction occurs in both species; maternal chromosomes are also nonreductional, and spermatozoa activate development of the eggs, but do not contribute to the offspring.

Published
2017

23. PO-126: The treatment of IMRT vs 3DCRT for maxillary sinus cancer combination with intra-arterial cisplatin

Author

M. Kamiya, Hiroyuki Mineta, Seiji Hosokawa, Katsumasa Nakamura, T. Kosugi, R. Ishiba, Tetsuya Komatsu, T. Ushio, S. Yamashita, Jun Okamura, T. Ikenohira, K. Konishi, S. Goshima, and T. Asao

Subjects
Cisplatin, medicine.medical_specialty, Maxillary Sinus Cancer, Oncology, business.industry, Intra arterial, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Hematology, Radiology, business, medicine.drug
Published
2019
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24. Electron-beam enhanced creep deformation of amorphous silicon nano-cantilever

Author

Kohji Minoshima, K. Konishi, Toshiyuki Kondo, and Hiroyuki Hirakata

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Amorphous silicon, Cantilever, Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Bending, Substrate (electronics), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Creep, chemistry, Flexural strength, 0103 physical sciences, Nano, Irradiation, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

To investigate the creep properties of amorphous silicon (a-Si) nanocantilevers and the effects of electron beam (EB) irradiation on those properties, we performed creep bending experiments with and without EB irradiation using field emission scanning electron microscopy at room temperature. Approximately 220 nm-thick a-Si nanocantilevers were fabricated with controlled shape and size by substrate shape-assisted glancing angle deposition. The results showed that EB irradiation increased fracture strength and greatly enhanced creep deformation of a-Si nanocantilevers. Under EB irradiation, a-Si nanocantilevers showed continuous creep behavior consisting of transition, steady-state, and redeceleration regions, while creep deformation was brought about with intermittent displacement bursts under nonirradiation. EB irradiation resulted in the decrease of the creep exponent n, from n = 5.55 under nonirradiation to n = 2.46 under EB irradiation, indicating a change in the creep mechanism. Creep resistance was restored by halting EB irradiation, which indicates that the change in creep properties was only temporary. This suggests that the mechanical properties of a-Si nanostructures, such as creep characteristics, can be temporarily altered by EB irradiation.

Published
2019
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25. Microfabrication of MEMS Cantilevers for Mechanically Detected High-Frequency ESR Measurement

Author

Hitoshi Ohta, Eiji Ohmichi, K. Konishi, and Y. Yasufuku

Subjects
Microelectromechanical systems, Fabrication, Cantilever, Materials science, Plasma etching, business.industry, Capacitive sensing, Nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Optoelectronics, Wafer, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Lithography, Microfabrication
Abstract

We fabricated prototype cantilevers for mechanically detected high-frequency ESR measurement. Cantilevers are fabricated from silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers using standard MEMS techniques such as lithography, wet etching, and plasma etching. Using commercial SOI wafers, fabrication cost and the number of processes can be substantially reduced. In this study, three types of cantilevers, designed for capacitive and optical detection, are shown. Capacitive type with lateral dimensions of 3.5 × 1.6 mm² is aimed for low spin concentration sample. On the other hand, optical detection type with lateral dimensions of 50 × 200 μm² is developed for highsensitive detection of tiny samples such as newly synthesized microcrystals.

Published
2013
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26. Rapid Fringe Detection Technique for Discovering Radio Transients in Nasu Drift-scan Data

Author

Tsuneaki Daishido, K. Konishi, K. Asuma, T. Nakamizo, S. Kida, Kotaro Niinuma, T. Aoki, and T. Tanaka

Subjects
Optics, Space and Planetary Science, Computer science, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Waveform, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Point (geometry), Transient (oscillation), business, Transient signal
Abstract

This article describes a rapid fringe detection technique for detecting fringes that appear transiently in Nasu observational data. It can quickly and accurately detect fringe waveforms that are not derived from steady sources in the drift-scan data according to constant numerical criteria. A fringe is considered to be a radio transient fringe if the signal-to-noise ratio of each data point is above a threshold for a specific period of time. Such fringes are searched for in the region unaffected by fringes due to steady sources in the observational data, which is determined by using the expectation data generated from an earlier survey catalog. Using the proposed technique, a computer can detect radio transient fringe using numerical criteria, thereby shortening the time required to discover transient signals. Therefore, by reducing the analysis time, we will be able to identify temporal flux variations in radio transients by follow-up observation immediately after detection.

Published
2013
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28. Calculation of False-Detection Rate for Nasu Interferometric Sky Survey

Author

N. Furukawa, Y. Yamada, S. Kida, T. Endo, K. Asuma, Kotaro Niinuma, T. Tanaka, R. Hiruma, Tsuneaki Daishido, T. Aoki, K. Konishi, J. Ikouga, T. Nakamizo, T. Tsuda, and K. Odai

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Interferometry, Distribution (mathematics), Optics, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, False detection, business, Radiant intensity, Noise band, Objective probability, Remote sensing, media_common
Abstract

This article proposes a method for calculating the false-detection/alarm rate for the Nasu interferometric sky survey. This method considers both spectral intensity and time width of a fringe in the time-frequency domain. It detects periodic waves with a given time width in a noise band and calculates the distribution of the spectral intensity of the waves. Using this distribution, we can calculate the false-positive rate of fringe detection and determine the reliability of the detection results as an objective probability. The proposed method can be applied to interferometric observations such as the Nasu sky survey whose observation results depend entirely on the existence of fringes.

Published
2012
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29. Poster session 3

Author

O. Nanka, E. Krejci, Z. Pesevski, D. Sedmera, N. Smart, A. Rossdeutsch, K. N. Dube, J. Riegler, A. N. Price, A. Taylor, V. Muthurangu, M. Turner, M. F. Lythgoe, P. R. Riley, S. Kryvorot, T. Vladimirskaya, I. Shved, M. Schwarzl, S. Seiler, S. Huber, P. Steendijk, H. Maechler, M. Truschnig-Wilders, B. Pieske, H. Post, C. Caprio, A. Baldini, E. Chiavacci, L. Dolfi, L. Verduci, F. Meghini, F. Cremisi, L. Pitto, T.-C. Kuan, M.-C. Chen, T.-H. Yang, W.-T. Wu, C. S. Lin, H. Rai, S. Kumar, A. K. Sharma, S. Mastana, A. Kapoor, C. M. Pandey, S. Agrawal, N. Sinha, E. H. Orlowska-Baranowska, G. Placha, J. Gora, R. Baranowski, E. Abramczuk, T. Hryniewiecki, Z. Gaciong, J. J. W. Verschuren, J. A. M. Wessels, S. Trompet, D. J. Stott, N. Sattar, B. Buckley, H. J. Guchelaar, J. W. Jukema, M. Gharanei, A. Hussain, C. J. Mee, H. L. Maddock, W. J. Wijnen, S. Van Den Oever, I. Van Der Made, M. Hiller, A. J. Tijsen, Y. M. Pinto, E. E. Creemers, S. U. Y. Nikulina, A. Chernova, A. Petry, T. Rzymski, D. Kracun, F. Riess, L. Pike, A. L. Harris, A. Gorlach, R. Katare, A. Oikawa, F. Riu, A. P. Beltrami, D. Cesseli, C. Emanueli, P. Madeddu, T. Zaglia, G. Milan, M. Franzoso, P. Pesce, C. Sarais, M. Sandri, M. Mongillo, T. J. Butler, A.-M. L. Seymour, D. Ashford, F. Jaffre, M. Bussen, I. Flohrschutz, G. R. Martin, S. Engelhardt, G. Kararigas, B. T. Nguyen, H. Jarry, V. Regitz-Zagrosek, M. Van Bilsen, A. Daniels, C. Munts, B. J. A. Janssen, G. J. Van Der Vusse, F. A. Van Nieuwenhoven, C. Montalvo, A. V. Villar, D. Merino, R. Garcia, M. Llano, M. Ares, M. A. Hurle, J. F. Nistal, A. Dembinska-Kiec, B. K. W. Beata Kiec-Wilk, A. P. Anna Polus, U. C. Urszula Czech, T. K. Tatiana Konovaleva, G. S. Gerd Schmitz, L. Bertrand, M. Balteau, A. Timmermans, B. Viollet, K. Sakamoto, O. Feron, S. Horman, J. L. Vanoverschelde, C. Beauloye, C. De Meester, E. Martinez, R. Martin, M. Miana, R. Jurado, N. Gomez-Hurtado, M. V. Bartolome, J. A. San Roman, V. Lahera, M. L. Nieto, V. Cachofeiro, F. Rochais, R. Sturny, K. Mesbah, L. Miquerol, R. G. Kelly, S. Messaoudi, B. Gravez, A. Tarjus, V. Pelloux, J. L. Samuel, C. Delcayre, J. M. Launay, K. Clement, N. Farman, F. Jaisser, L. Hadyanto, C. Castellani, G. Vescovo, B. Ravara, R. Tavano, M. Pozzobon, P. De Coppi, E. Papini, R. Vettor, G. Thiene, A. Angelini, M. Meloni, A. Caporali, D. Cesselli, O. Fortunato, E. Avolio, R. Schindler, S. Simrick, T. Brand, N. S. Smart, A. Herman, S. Roura Ferrer, J. Rodriguez Bago, C. Soler-Botija, J. M. Pujal, C. Galvez-Monton, C. Prat-Vidal, A. Llucia-Valldeperas, J. Blanco, A. Bayes-Genis, G. Foldes, M. Maxime, N. N. Ali, M. D. Schneider, S. E. Harding, C. Reni, G. Mangialardi, A. De Pauw, B. Sekkali, A. Friart, H. Ding, A. Graffeuil, D. Catalucci, J. L. Balligand, F. Azibani, F. Tournoux, S. Schlossarek, E. Polidano, L. Fazal, R. Merval, L. Carrier, C. Chatziantoniou, B. Buyandelger, W. Linke, P. Zou, S. Kostin, C. Ku, L. Felkin, E. Birks, P. Barton, M. Sattler, R. Knoell, K. Schroder, S. Benkhoff, H. Shimokawa, O. Grisk, R. P. Brandes, I. R. Parepa, L. Mazilu, A. I. Suceveanu, A. Suceveanu, L. Rusali, L. Cojocaru, L. Matei, M. Toringhibel, E. Craiu, A. L. Pires, M. Pinho, S. Pinho, C. Sena, R. Seica, A. Leite-Moreira, F. Dabroi, S. Schiaffino, E. Kiseleva, N. Krukov, O. Nikitin, L. Ardatova, I. Mourouzis, C. Pantos, A. D. Kokkinos, D. V. Cokkinos, E. Scoditti, M. Massaro, M. A. Carluccio, M. Pellegrino, N. Calabriso, A. Gastaldelli, C. Storelli, R. De Caterina, D. Lindner, C. Zietsch, H.-P. Schultheiss, C. Tschope, D. Westermann, B. R. Everaert, V. J. Nijenhuis, F. C. M. Reith, V. Y. Hoymans, J. P. Timmermans, C. J. Vrints, I. Simova, H. Mateev, T. Katova, L. Haralanov, N. Dimitrov, N. Mironov, S. P. Golitsyn, S. F. Sokolov, Y. U. A. Yuricheva, E. B. Maikov, N. B. Shlevkov, L. V. Rosenstraukh, E. I. Chazov, J. Radosinska, V. Knezl, T. Benova, J. Slezak, L. Urban, N. Tribulova, L. Virag, A. Kristof, Z. S. Kohajda, T. Szel, Z. Husti, I. Baczko, N. Jost, A. Varro, A. Sarusi, A. S. Farkas, S. Z. Orosz, T. Forster, A. Farkas, O. M. Zakhrabova-Zwiauer, M. Hardziyenka, R. Nieuwland, H. L. Tan, A. J. A. Raaijmakers, V. J. A. Bourgonje, G. J. M. Kok, A. A. B. Van Veen, M. E. Anderson, M. A. Vos, M. F. A. Bierhuizen, J. Benes, B. Sebestova, I. A. Ghouri, O. J. Kemi, A. Kelly, F. L. Burton, G. L. Smith, S. Ozdemir, K. Acsai, N. Doisne, R. Van Der Nagel, H. D. M. Beekman, T. A. B. Van Veen, K. R. Sipido, G. Antoons, S. C. Harmer, J. S. Mohal, D. Kemp, A. Tinker, D. Beech, D. S. Burley, C. D. Cox, K. T. Wann, G. F. Baxter, R. Wilders, A. Verkerk, P. Fragkiadaki, G. Germanakis, K. Tsarouchas, C. Tsitsimpikou, M. Tsardi, D. George, A. Tsatsakis, P. Rodrigues, C. Barros, A. K. Najmi, V. Khan, M. Akhtar, K. K. Pillai, M. Mujeeb, M. Aqil, C. R. Bayliss, A. E. Messer, M.-C. Leung, D. Ward, J. Van Der Velden, C. Poggesi, C. S. Redwood, S. Marston, A. Vite, E. Gandjbakhch, F. Gary, V. Fressart, P. Leprince, G. Fontaine, M. Komajda, P. Charron, E. Villard, I. Falcao-Pires, C. Gavina, N. Hamdani, G. J. M. Stienen, H. W. M. Niessens, A. F. Leite-Moreira, W. J. Paulus, M. Memo, S. B. Marston, E. Vafiadaki, J. Qian, D. A. Arvanitis, D. Sanoudou, E. G. Kranias, N. Elmstedt, B. Lind, K. Ferm-Widlund, M. Westgren, L.-A. Brodin, C. Mansfield, T. West, M. Ferenczi, P. J. M. Wijnker, D. B. Foster, A. Coulter, A. Frazier, A. M. Murphy, M. Shah, M. B. Sikkel, T. Desplantez, T. P. Collins, P. O' Gara, A. R. Lyon, K. T. Macleod, A. H. Ottesen, W. E. Louch, C. Carlson, O. J. B. Landsverk, M. Stridsberg, I. Sjaastad, E. Oie, T. Omland, G. Christensen, H. Rosjo, J. Cartledge, L. A. Clark, M. Ibrahim, U. Siedlecka, M. Navaratnarajah, M. H. Yacoub, P. Camelliti, C. M. Terracciano, A. Chester, A. Gonzalez-Tendero, I. Torre, F. Garcia-Garcia, J. Dopazo, E. Gratacos, D. Taylor, S. Bhandari, A.-M. Seymour, D. Fliegner, J. Jost, H. Bugger, R. Ventura-Clapier, A. Carpi, M. Campesan, M. Canton, R. Menabo, P. G. Pelicci, M. Giorgio, F. Di Lisa, M. Hancock, A. Venturini, N. Al-Shanti, C. Stewart, R. Ascione, G. Angelini, M.-S. Suleiman, E. Kravchuk, E. Grineva, M. Galagudza, A. Kostareva, A. Bairamov, K. A. Krychtiuk, L. Watzke, C. Kaun, S. Demyanets, J. Pisoni, S. P. Kastl, K. Huber, G. Maurer, J. Wojta, W. S. Speidl, Z. V. Varga, N. Farago, A. Zvara, G. F. Kocsis, M. Pipicz, C. Csonka, T. Csont, G. L. Puskas, P. Ferdinandy, M. Klevstigova, J. Silhavy, D. Manakov, F. Papousek, J. Novotny, M. Pravenec, F. Kolar, O. Novakova, F. Novak, J. Neckar, J. Barallobre-Barreiro, A. Didangelos, X. Yin, M. Fernandez-Caggiano, I. Drozdov, P. Willeit, N. Domenech, M. Mayr, S. Lemoine, S. Allouche, L. Coulbault, P. Galera, J. L. Gerard, J. L. Hanouz, E. Suveren, M. Whiteman, I. M. Studneva, O. Pisarenko, V. Shulzhenko, L. Serebryakova, O. Tskitishvili, A. Timoshin, J. Fauconnier, A. C. Meli, J. Thireau, S. Roberge, A. M. Lompre, E. Jacotot, A. M. Marks, A. Lacampagne, B. Dietel, R. Altendorf, W. G. Daniel, R. Kollmar, C. D. Garlichs, V. Parente, S. Balasso, G. Pompilio, G. Colombo, G. Milano, L. Squadroni, F. Cotelli, O. Pozzoli, M. C. Capogrossi, Y. Ajiro, N. Saegusa, K. Iwade, W. R. Giles, D. M. Stafforini, K. W. Spitzer, R. Sirohi, L. Candilio, G. Babu, N. Roberts, D. Lawrence, A. Sheikh, S. Kolvekar, J. Yap, D. J. Hausenloy, D. M. Yellon, M. Aslam, S. Rohrbach, K.-D. Schlueter, H. M. Piper, T. Noll, D. Guenduez, L. Malinova, V. P. Ryabukho, D. V. Lyakin, T. P. Denisova, S. Montoro-Garcia, E. Shantsila, G. Y. H. Lip, B. Kalaska, E. Sokolowska, K. Kaminski, K. Szczubialka, K. Kramkowski, A. Mogielnicki, M. Nowakowska, W. Buczko, N. Stancheva, E. Mekenyan, K. Gospodinov, S. Tisheva, A. Darago, I. Rutkai, J. Kalasz, A. Czikora, P. Orosz, H. D. Bjornson, I. Edes, Z. Papp, A. Toth, K. Riches, P. Warburton, D. J. O'regan, S. G. Ball, N. A. Turner, I. C. Wood, K. E. Porter, S. Kogaki, H. Ishida, N. Nawa, K. Takahashi, H. Baden, H. Ichimori, T. Uchikawa, S. Mihara, K. Miura, K. Ozono, R. Lugano, T. Padro, M. Garcia-Arguinzonis, L. Badimon, F. Ferraro, R. Viner, J. Ho, D. Cutler, V. Matchkov, C. Aalkjaer, P. A. J. Krijnen, N. E. Hahn, I. Kholova, J. A. Sipkens, F. P. Van Alphen, S. Simsek, C. G. Schalkwijk, J. D. Van Buul, V. W. M. Van Hinsbergh, H. W. M. Niessen, C. G. Caro, A. Seneviratne, C. Monaco, D. Hou, J. Singh, P. Gilson, M. G. Burke, K. B. Heraty, R. Krams, G. Coppola, K. Albrecht, W. Schgoer, D. Wiedemann, N. Bonaros, C. Steger, M. Theurl, U. Stanzl, R. Kirchmair, S. Amadesi, G. Spinetti, E. Cangiano, M. Valgimigli, A. M. Miller, A. Cardinali, K. Vierlinger, G. Pagano, D. Liccardo, C. Zincarelli, G. D. Femminella, A. Lymperopoulos, C. De Lucia, W. J. Koch, D. Leosco, G. Rengo, R. Hinkel, W. Husada, T. Trenkwalder, Q. Di, S. Lee, B. Petersen, I. Bock-Marquette, H. Niemann, M. Di Maio, C. Kupatt, M. Nourian, Z. Yassin, R. Kelishadi, S. H. Memarian, A. Heidari, A. Leuner, D. M. Poitz, C. Brunssen, U. Ravens, R. H. Strasser, H. Morawietz, F. Vogt, A. Grahl, C. Flege, N. Marx, M. Borinski, B. De Geest, F. Jacobs, I. Muthuramu, S. C. Gordts, E. Van Craeyveld, P. Herijgers, S. Weinert, S. Medunjanin, J. Herold, A. Schmeisser, R. C. Braun-Dullaeus, A. H. Wagner, K. Moeller, O. Adolph, M. Schwarz, C. Schwale, C. Bruehl, R. Nobiling, T. Wieland, S. W. Schneider, M. Hecker, A. Cross, A. Strom, J. Cole, M. Goddard, A. Hultgardh-Nilsson, J. Nilsson, C. Mauri, N. P. Mitkovskaya, T. A. Kurak, E. G. Oganova, E. I. Shkrebneva, Z. H. N. Kot, T. V. Statkevich, F. Molica, F. Burger, C. M. Matter, A. Thomas, C. Staub, A. Zimmer, B. Cravatt, P. Pacher, S. Steffens, R. Blanco, R. Sarmiento, C. Parisi, S. Fandino, F. Blanco, G. Gigena, J. Szarfer, A. Rodriguez, A. Garcia Escudero, M. A. Riccitelli, S. Wantha, S. Simsekyilmaz, R. T. Megens, M. A. Van Zandvoort, E. Liehn, A. Zernecke, D. Klee, C. Weber, O. Soehnlein, L. M. Lima, M. G. Carvalho, K. B. Gomes, I. R. Santos, M. O. Sousa, C. A. S. Morais, S. H. V. Oliveira, I. F. Gomes, F. C. Brandao, M. R. A. Lamego, L. Fornai, A. Kiss, F. Giskes, G. Eijkel, M. Fedrigo, M. L. Valente, R. M. A. Heeren, A. Grdinic, D. Vojvodic, N. Djukanovic, A. G. Grdinic, S. Obradovic, I. Majstorovic, S. Rusovic, Z. Vucinic, D. Tavciovski, M. Ostojic, S.-C. Lai, M.-Y. Chen, H.-T. Wu, L. Gouweleeuw, S. U. Oberdorf-Maass, R. A. De Boer, W. H. Van Gilst, A. H. Maass, I. C. Van Gelder, L. Benard, C. Li, D. Warren, C. M. Shanahan, Q. P. Zhang, A. Bye, R. Vettukattil, S. T. Aspenes, G. Giskeodegaard, I. S. Gribbestad, U. Wisloff, T. F. Bathen, J. Cubedo, R. Alonso, P. Mata, I. Ivic, Z. Vamos, P. Cseplo, D. Kosa, O. Torok, J. Hamar, A. Koller, K. Norita, S. V. De Noronha, M. N. Sheppard, I. Amat-Roldan, I. Iruretagoiena, S. Psilodimitrakopoulos, F. Crispi, D. Artigas, P. Loza-Alvarez, J. C. Harrison, S. D. Smart, E. H. Besely, J. R. Kelly, Y. Yao, I. A. Sammut, M. Hoepfner, W. Kuzyniak, E. Sekhosana, B. Hoffmann, C. Litwinski, A. Pries, E. Ermilov, D. Fontoura, A. P. Lourenco, F. Vasques-Novoa, J. P. Pinto, R. Roncon-Albuquerque, I. P. Oyeyipo, L. A. Olatunji, T. O. Usman, V. A. Olatunji, B. Bacova, C. Viczenczova, V. Dosenko, E. Goncalvesova, J. Vanrooyen, S. K. Maulik, S. Seth, A. K. Dinda, A. Jaiswal, G. Mearini, D. Khajetoorians, E. Kraemer, C. Gedicke-Hornung, G. Precigout, T. Eschenhagen, T. Voit, L. Garcia, S. Lorain, P. Mendes-Ferreira, C. Maia-Rocha, R. Adao, R. J. Cerqueira, M. J. Mendes, P. Castro-Chaves, G. W. De Keulenaer, C. Bras-Silva, G. Ruiter, Y. Y. Wong, M. Lubberink, P. Knaapen, P. Raijmakers, A. A. Lammertsma, J. T. Marcus, N. Westerhof, W. J. Van Der Laarse, A. Vonk-Noordegraaf, N. Steinbronn, E. Koch, G. Steiner, A. Berezin, O. A. Lisovaya, A. M. Soldatova, V. A. Kuznetcov, T. N. Yenina, A. Y. U. Rychkov, P. V. Shebeko, R. Altara, M. H. M. Hessel, J. J. R. Hermans, W. M. Blankesteijn, T. A. Berezina, V. Seden, C. Bonanad, J. Nunez, D. Navarro, M. F. Chilet, F. Sanchis, V. Bodi, G. Minana, F. Chaustre, M. J. Forteza, A. Llacer, G. Galasso, N. Ferrara, A. Akhmedov, R. Klingenberg, C. Brokopp, D. Hof, S. Zoller, R. Corti, S. Gay, A. Von Eckardstein, S. P. Hoerstrup, T. F. Luescher, J. Heijman, A. Zaza, D. M. Johnson, Y. Rudy, R. L. M. Peeters, P. G. A. Volders, R. L. Westra, S. Fujita, R. Okamoto, M. Taniguchi, K. Konishi, I. Goto, K. Sugimoto, M. Nakamura, K. Shiraki, C. Buechler, and M. Ito

Subjects
AMP-activated protein kinase, biology, Physiology, Chemistry, Physiology (medical), Mesenchymal stem cell, biology.protein, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Cell biology
Published
2012
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30. S-HAPLOTYPES AND SELF-COMPATIBILITY OF THE JAPANESE PLUM CULTIVAR 'KARARI'

Author

Kenji Beppu, Ikuo Kataoka, and K. Konishi

Subjects
Genetics, genomic DNA, Haplotype, Japanese plum, food and beverages, Pcr method, Cultivar, Horticulture, Biology, Gene
Abstract

S-haplotypes and self-compatibility of the Japanese plum cultivar 'Karari' were investigated. Using the PCR method with S-RNase gene-specific primers, the S-haplotype of 'Karari' was determined to be SbSt. Partial genomic DNA for a new S-RNase gene (St) was cloned and sequenced. Self-pollinated flowers of 'Karari' set fruit, confirming that this cultivar is self-compatible. The progenies of the self-pollination segregated into three S-haplotypes, SbSb, SbSt and StSt. Thus, both the Sb- and the St-haplotypes may be responsible for self-compatibility.

Published
2012
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32. Effects of Open Lung Approach Policy on Mechanical Ventilation Duration in Postoperative Patients with Chronic Thromboembolism with Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case-Matched Study

Author

Masaji Nishimura, K Konishi, M Takeuchi, K Tachibana, and H Imanaka

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Hypertension, Pulmonary, medicine.medical_treatment, Acute Lung Injury, Cardiac index, Hemodynamics, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Thromboembolism, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, Humans, Medicine, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Mechanical ventilation, Lung, Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Respiration, Artificial, Pulmonary hypertension, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Respiratory failure, Anesthesia, Chronic Disease, Pulmonary artery, Cardiology, Female, business
Abstract

Patients with chronic thromboembolism with pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) often develop severe hypoxaemia after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. There is reluctance to apply high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to those patients, whereas high PEEP is important for acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure due to alveolar collapse. Open lung approach (OLA) policy, a combination of recruitment manoeuvre and PEEP titration, may improve oxygenation and lung mechanics in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure, but the effect of OLA on the outcome is unknown. We designed a case-matched, retrospective study to investigate whether OLA policy improved the outcome of postoperative patients with CTEPH.Among 113 postoperative patients with CTEPH, 40 were chosen before and after the introduction of an OLA policy to create 1:1 ratio of case-match according to gender, age and preoperative total pulmonary resistance index (conventional treatment group vs OLA group). In the OLA group, recruitment manoeuvre was applied and then PEEP was titrated to maintain oxygenation every 12 hours. Gas exchange and duration of mechanical ventilation were compared between the groups.The OLA group showed higher PaO2/FiO2ratio at 12 hours after the surgery than the conventional group (P=0.0021). In the OLA group, duration of mechanical ventilation was shorter than the conventional treatment group (median, 23.5 hours vs 43 hours, P=0.0064). The OLA group showed lower cardiac index, higher pulmonary artery pressure and higher total pulmonary resistance index after the surgery than the conventional group.The introduction of the OLA policy may have shortened mechanical ventilation duration despite what appeared to be less favorable early postoperative hemodynamics in patients after the surgery for CTEPH.

Published
2010
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33. Risk factors for portal venous thrombosis after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension

Author

K. Konishi, Kazuo Tanoue, Makoto Hashizume, Nao Kinjo, Nami Yamashita, Yoshihiko Maehara, Tomohiko Akahoshi, Hirofumi Kawanaka, Morimasa Tomikawa, and Ken Shirabe

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, medicine.medical_treatment, Splenectomy, Risk Factors, Hypertension, Portal, medicine, Humans, Venous Thrombosis, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex, Portal Vein, Vascular disease, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Venous thrombosis, Splenic vein, Portal hypertension, Female, Complication, business, Liver Circulation
Abstract

BackgroundPortal venous thrombosis (PVT) is a potentially fatal complication following splenectomy. Its mechanisms and risk factors are poorly understood, especially in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. This study investigated risk factors for PVT following splenectomy in such patients.MethodsAll consecutive patients with cirrhosis who underwent splenectomy in Kyushu University Hospital between 1998 and 2004 were included in this retrospective study. They were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of postoperative PVT. Preoperative and operative factors were compared, and the relationships between formation of PVT and its independent variables were analysed. In some cases, portal venous flow was measured before and after splenectomy using duplex Doppler ultrasonography.ResultsPVT developed after surgery in 17 (24 per cent) of 70 patients studied. Multivariable analysis showed that increased splenic vein diameter and low white cell count were significant independent risk factors for PVT. Portal venous flow after splenectomy was greatly reduced in the PVT group, but not in patients without PVT.ConclusionLarge splenic vein diameter and low white cell count are independent risk factors for PVT after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.

Published
2010
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35. Impact of Antithrombin III Concentrates on Portal Vein Thrombosis After Splenectomy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis and Hypersplenism

Author

Yoshihiko Maehara, Daisuke Yoshida, Nao Kinjo, Hideo Uehara, Norifumi Tsutsumi, Go Anegawa, K. Konishi, Morimasa Tomikawa, Hirofumi Kawanaka, Tomohiko Akahoshi, Naotaka Hashimoto, and Shohei Yamaguchi

Subjects
Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Antithrombin III, Splenectomy, behavioral disciplines and activities, Gastroenterology, Hypersplenism, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Preoperative Care, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, In patient, Infusions, Intravenous, Aged, Postoperative Care, Venous Thrombosis, Portal Vein, business.industry, Standard treatment, Antithrombin, Anticoagulants, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Portal vein thrombosis, Venous thrombosis, Female, Laparoscopy, Splenic disease, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, human activities, psychological phenomena and processes, medicine.drug
Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the role of antithrombin III (AT-III) in portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after splenectomy in cirrhotic patients.There is no standard treatment for PVT after splenectomy in liver cirrhosis.A total of 50 consecutive cirrhotic patients who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy for hypersplenism were enrolled into this study. From January 2005 to December 2005, 25 cirrhotic patients received no prophylactic anticoagulation therapy after the operation (AT-III [-] group). From January 2006 to July 2006, 25 cirrhotic patients received prophylactic administration of AT-III concentrates (1500 U/d) on postoperative day (POD) 1, 2, and 3 (AT-III [+] group).In AT-III (-) group, 9 (36.0%) patients developed PVT up to POD 7, and risk factors for PVT were identified as: low platelet counts, low AT-III activity, and increased spleen weight. Although there were no significant differences in the clinical characteristics, including the above risk factors, between the 2 groups, only 1 (4.0%) patient developed PVT on POD 30 in AT-III (+) group, and the incidence of PVT was significantly lower than in AT-III (-) group (P = 0.01). In AT-III (-) group, AT-III activity was significantly decreased from POD 1 to POD 7, as compared with the preoperative level, whereas AT-III concentrates prevented the postoperative decrease in AT-III activity.These results demonstrate that low AT-III activity and further decreases in this activity are associated with PVT after splenectomy in cirrhotic patients, and that treatment with AT-III concentrates is likely to prevent the development of PVT in these patients.

Published
2010
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36. Design optimization and development of CNC lathe headstock to minimize thermal deformation

Author

M. Fujishima, M. Mori, N. Mingkai, H. Mizuguchi, K. Konishi, and Y. Ido

Subjects
Engineering, business.product_category, Headstock, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Thermal deformation, Mechanical engineering, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Finite element method, Machine tool, Taguchi methods, Position (vector), Development (differential geometry), Engineering design process, business
Abstract

This paper has investigated an approach to reduce and compensate thermal displacement for high accuracy NC lathes. An efficient design and optimization method is proposed for a headstock structure design of NC lathes to minimize the thermal displacement of the spindle center position. Compared to the existing empirical methods, this method saves development time and cost. The Taguchi method and FEA method are used to identify the optimal headstock structure. The proposed method is verified by evaluating the spindle center transition of the headstock according to the optimization results.

Published
2009
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37. Comparative analysis of putative periodontopathic bacteria by multiplex polymerase chain reaction

Author

M. Morikawa, K. Imai, T. Chiba, N. Tomii, K. Iwata, K. Konishi, Y. Takahashi, Y. Numabe, and Soh Sato

Subjects
Adult, DNA, Bacterial, Male, Dental Plaque, Dental plaque, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prevotella intermedia, Microbiology, Bacteria, Anaerobic, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, medicine, Bacteroides, Humans, Tannerella forsythia, Periodontitis, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, biology, Streptococcus, Treponema denticola, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Chronic periodontitis, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Streptococcus sanguinis, Logistic Models, Periodontics, Female, Periodontal Index, Porphyromonas gingivalis
Abstract

Background and Objective: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been applied for the rapid and specific detection of periodontopathic bacteria in subgingival plaque and is potentially of clinical benefit in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis subjects. However, several technical points need to be modified before the conventional PCR detection system can be used by clinicians. Material and Methods: To develop a PCR-based technique more applicable for clinical use than conventional PCR, we established a multiplex PCR for five putative periodontopathic (Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia) and two nonperiodontopathic (Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus salivarius) species of bacteria using whole-plaque suspension as templates, and detected bacteria in subgingival plaque taken from 85 subjects at the supportive periodontal therapy stage after active periodontal treatments. Results: Among putative periodontopathic bacteria, the detection frequency of T. denticola and P. gingivalis was elevated in parallel with higher probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss, and had 4.2–14.1 times increasing odds of the clinical parameters tested. Detection of any of the five species of putative periodontopathic bacteria markedly increased the odds ratio of a higher probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and bleeding on probing. Conclusion: The multiplex PCR system developed in this study enabled the detection of all the bacteria under investigation in one reaction tube in a less time- and labor-intensive manner than conventional PCR. These results support the potential clinical use of multiplex PCR for detecting periodontopathic bacteria and for evaluating therapeutic strategies and predicting the prognosis for each subject.

Published
2008
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38. Effect of ?-immunoglobulin on the asaccharolytic growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis

Author

K. Konishi, Y Numabe, K. Saiki, and H. Oda

Subjects
Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains, Serum albumin, Ferric Compounds, Chlorides, Animals, Bovine serum albumin, Adhesins, Bacterial, Bacteroidaceae, Incubation, Porphyromonas gingivalis, biology, Serum Albumin, Bovine, biology.organism_classification, Culture Media, Gingipain, Cysteine Endopeptidases, Hemagglutinins, Biochemistry, Mutation, Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases, biology.protein, Ketoglutaric Acids, Periodontics, Cattle, Antibody, Bacteria
Abstract

Background and Objectives: A minimal medium is indispensable for examining the growth properties of the asaccharolytic bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis. The purpose of the present study was to improve the widely used KGB medium to support good growth of P. gingivalis. Material and Methods: Growth of P. gingivalis (W50, W83, and ATCC33277) in a minimal medium was monitored by measuring the optical density of the culture during incubation. Results: W50, W83, and ATCC33277 grew poorly with bovine serum albumin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, and α-ketoglutarate had little or no effect on this poor growth. In contrast, FeCl3 improved the growth of W83 and ATCC33277; however, the use of a high concentration of FeCl3 elicited black pigmentation of the cells. Bovine γ-immunoglobulin greatly recovered the growth defect. None of α-ketoglutarate, citrate, or trace metal ions, when used to supplement KGB medium, was required for growth. We determined the optimal conditions for growth, and developed a new simple minimal medium for P. gingivalis (GA medium). Growth of ATCC33277 in GA medium was dependent on gingipains; Arg-gingipains and Lys-gingipain contributed comparably to proliferation of the bacterium. Conclusion: These data indicate that GA medium is currently the most reliable minimal medium for examining the growth properties of P. gingivalis.

Published
2007
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39. Effectiveness of endoscopic surgery training for medical students using a virtual reality simulator versus a box trainer: a randomized controlled trial

Author

Makoto Hashizume, Daisuke Yoshida, Kazuo Tanoue, Ken Okazaki, Shohei Yamaguchi, K. Konishi, Satoshi Ieiri, Yoshihiro Kakeji, and T. Yasunaga

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, education, Box trainer, Endoscopic surgery, Virtual reality, Task (project management), law.invention, User-Computer Interface, Patient safety, Randomized controlled trial, law, Task Performance and Analysis, Humans, Medicine, Psychomotor learning, business.industry, Training (meteorology), Endoscopy, Physical therapy, Female, Surgery, business, Psychomotor Performance, Education, Medical, Undergraduate
Abstract

Background The first step toward increasing the level of patient safety in endoscopic surgery is for all endoscopic surgeons to acquire fundamental skills, including psychomotor skills, in the preoperation stage of training. The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) simulator training and box training for training the fundamental skills of endoscopic surgery. Methods For this study, 35 medical students at Kyushu University were divided into three groups: simulator (SIM) group (n = 20), box trainer (BOX) group (n = 20), and control group (n = 15). None of the students had any experience assisting with endoscopic surgery or any previous training for endoscopic surgery. The students in the SIM group underwent training using a VR simulator, the Procedicus MIST, 2 h per day for 2 days. The students in the BOX group underwent training using a box trainer 2 h per day for 2 days. The students in the control group watched an educational video for 30 min. The endoscopic surgical skills of all the students were evaluated before and after training with a task of suturing and knot tying using a box trainer. Results Although no significant differences were found between the three groups in the total time taken to complete the evaluation task before training, there were significant improvements in the SIM and BOX groups after training compared with the control group. Box training increased errors during the task, but simulator training did not. Conclusion The findings showed that box training and VR training have different outcomes. The authors expect that the best curriculum for their training center would involve a combination that uses the merits of both methods.

Published
2007
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41. Clinical Characteristics of Acute Encephalopathy of Obscure Origin: A Biphasic Clinical Course Is a Common Feature

Author

T. Inoue, K. Konishi, S. Fujii, A. Hayashi, Y. Tsuji, Yoshihiro Maegaki, K. Ohno, R. Okamoto, and A. Kondo

Subjects
Diagnostic Imaging, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Exacerbation, Encephalopathy, Status epilepticus, Gastroenterology, Central nervous system disease, Epilepsy, Neuroimaging, Refractory, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Child, Retrospective Studies, Brain Diseases, business.industry, Brain, Infant, Electroencephalography, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Liver, Child, Preschool, Acute Disease, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics of acute encephalopathy of obscure origin (AE). Study design We examined clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings in children with AE. Specific subtypes of AE such as Reye's syndrome (RS), acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy (HSE), acute encephalitis with refractory, repetitive partial seizures (AERRPS), and hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia syndrome (HH) were diagnosed. Other AE patients were regarded as non-specific subtype. Results Nineteen patients were identified; specific AEs in 14 and non-specific AE in 5. Patients with RS, ANE, HSE frequently showed neuroimaging abnormalities (9/9) and significant elevation of liver enzymes (7/9) within 2 days after onset. Prognoses were extremely poor; early death in 6 and severe neurological sequelae in 3. Two of the 3 HH patients and 4 of the 5 non-specific AE patients showed biphasic clinical courses (AEBC); consciousness levels transiently improved following initial seizures and were exacerbated at the fourth to sixth days. In AEBC, neuroimaging abnormalities were rarely observed during the acute phase (1/5) but were detectable at clinical exacerbation. They rarely showed severely abnormal elevation in liver enzymes (1/6) and resulted in mild to moderate neurological sequelae (6/6). Conclusion A biphasic clinical course is a common feature in HH and non-specific AE.

Published
2006
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42. Pharmaceutical manufacturing of crude drug powder prepared by the surface-modifying method

Author

M. Hasegawa, Hisakazu Sunada, Y. Yonezawa, and K. Konishi

Subjects
Materials science, biology, Senna, Surface modified, Pharmaceutical Science, Mineralogy, Crude drug, biology.organism_classification, Granulation, Tableting, Chemical engineering, Particle, Surface modification, Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Abstract

Crude drug powders are very useful for health and therapeutics, but these powders have various particle shapes and properties, leading to poor fluidity and strong adhesiveness and these properties make handling during processing of the powders and controlling the qualities of products difficult. The granulation of the crude drug seems to be an appropriate procedure to solve the problem. In our last study we examined pharmaceutical manufacture of crude drug powder using the dry compacting method, and we achieved our goal of tablet hardness of about 2.0 kg and disintegration time of less than 1,000 s. In this study, senna powder was chosen and we studied the surface-modifying method. We prepared tablets from surface modified senna powder, surface modified and dry granulated senna powder, and granules by unmodified and dry granulated senna powder and surface modifying agents added at the time of tableting. Their physical properties such as tablet hardness and disintegration time were evaluated. As a result, we achieved our goal of a more than 4.0 kg tablet hardness and less than 600 s disintegration time, when the tablet was made of granules of senna powder modified with 2% surface modification agents and dry granulated, and a disintegrant and more surface modification agents whose total content was 5% in the tablet, and tableting at 200 MPa.

Published
2006
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43. Robotic laparoscopic distal gastrectomy: a comparison of the da Vinci and Zeus systems

Author

Hideo Baba, Kazuo Tanoue, Yoshihiro Kakeji, K. Konishi, Makoto Hashizume, M Nakamoto, Satoshi Ieiri, T. Yasunaga, and Yoshihiko Maehara

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Biophysics, Anastomosis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Zeus (malware), Gastrectomy, Stomach Neoplasms, ZEUS robotic surgical system, Humans, Medicine, Lymph node, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, General surgery, Reproducibility of Results, Equipment Design, Robotics, Middle Aged, Laparoscopes, humanities, Computer Science Applications, Surgery, Equipment Failure Analysis, Dissection, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Robotic systems, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Female, Laparoscopy, business, Gastroscopes, Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy
Abstract

Background The robotic surgical systems working on a master-slave principle have been developed and used in the worldwide in cardiac, urologic, and general surgery. Methods The two robotic systems, the da Vinci and the Zeus Robotic Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Calif., USA), were compared with the aim of evaluating operative feasibility and technical efficacy in distal gastrectomy. Results During laparoscopic gastrectomy, the da Vinci System (n = 2) had a shorter total operative time (445 versus 656 minutes; p = 0.09) and less blood loss (65 versus 277 mL; p = 0.08) compared with the Zeus System (n = 3). The articulated instruments of both systems were useful in lymph node dissection, isolation of vessels in fat tissue, ligation of vessels, and intraabdominal anastomosis of the gastrointestinal tract. Robotic laparoscopic procedures can be performed effectively using either the da Vinci or Zeus System. Conclusion In this limited study, the robotic instruments, especially those of da Vinci system, made it easier to complete tissue dissection including lymph nodes, complicated endoscopic anastomoses, and ligatures in a closed cavity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2006
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44. Effectiveness of training for endoscopic surgery using a simulator with virtual reality: Randomized study

Author

Makoto Hashizume, Kazuo Tanoue, Ken Okazaki, Satoshi Ieiri, Y. Kakeji, Y Kawabe, K. Konishi, K. Matsumoto, and T. Yasunaga

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, education, Significant difference, Box trainer, Training (meteorology), Endoscopic surgery, General Medicine, Virtual reality, Task (project management), law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Physical therapy, medicine, business, Simulation
Abstract

Background It is no doubt that a training of endoscopic surgery for surgeons has been very important to reduce fatal accidents due to inexperienced technique. Patients and methods Thirty medical students were randomly divided into two groups (SIM group: n = 20, CTR group: n = 10). The students in SIM group received a training using a simulator (MIST) for 2 h/day × 2 days, CTR group received an education by only video film for 30 min. All students were evaluated with the same task (one stitch and two ties with a box trainer) before/after training. Results Although there was no significant difference in total time of the evaluation task before the training between two groups, there was significant improvement after the training in SIM compared with CTR. The simulator training reduced the errors during the task. Conclusion Our results show that the simulator for the training of endoscopic surgery is useful to improve the basic skill of the bilateral devices, and to perform endoscopic surgery safely.

Published
2005
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45. FLOWERING OF ZANTEDESCHIA REHMANNII ENGL. AS AFFECTED BY COMBINATION OF TUBER STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND DURATION

Author

T. Goto, K. Konishi, K. Kawajiri, and Y. Kageyama

Subjects
Horticulture, Zantedeschia rehmannii, biology, Agronomy, Bud, Dormancy, biology.organism_classification
Abstract

In Zantedeschia rehmannii Engl. tuber storage at 1-5°C for 30 days is suitable for breaking dormancy, and a temperature of 10°C is suitable for flower bud initiation. Thus, effects of the combination of 1°C and 10°C during tuber storage on growth and flowering were investigated. Tubers which were not given low temperature ( 30 days is suitable for increase in flowering. Our results suggest that tuber storage at 1°C then 10°C may be desirable when Z. rehmannii is forced in summer.

Published
2005
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46. The Development of Several 100 kW-Class Tubular Type Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System (SOFIT)

Author

T. Hag, K. Kobori, K. Konishi, H. Sasatsu, and Y. Takahashi

Subjects
Engineering, Reliability (semiconductor), Modular structure, business.industry, Mechanical engineering, Lower cost, Solid oxide fuel cell, Electric power, business, Automotive engineering
Abstract

Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. (JPOWER) started SOFC development in collaboration with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. in 1991. When development of a pressurized SOFC 10 kW module was completed, radical improvement of the modular structure was performed, aiming for further improvement in reliability and lower cost. It has been checked that there is no technical problem in the new structure of SOFC module. We plan to examine several prototype 100 kW-class atmospheric SOFC co-generation systems (SOFIT) from 2006 to verify the SOFC system using the new structure module, and the reliability of more than 10,000 hours operation at JPOWER's Chigasaki laboratory.

Published
2005
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47. An ultrasound-driven needle-insertion robot for percutaneous cholecystostomy

Author

K. Konishi, Takeyoshi Dohi, Jaesung Hong, Nobuhiko Hata, and Makoto Hashizume

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Swine, Movement, Imaging phantom, Feedback, Motion, Artificial Intelligence, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Animals, Humans, Percutaneous cholecystostomy, Cholecystectomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Displacement (orthopedic surgery), Ultrasonography, Interventional, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Phantoms, Imaging, Medical robot, business.industry, Ultrasound, Gallbladder, Robotics, Image segmentation, Surgery, Equipment Failure Analysis, Drainage, Robot, Ultrasonic sensor, business, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

A real-time ultrasound-guided needle-insertion medical robot for percutaneous cholecystostomy has been developed. Image-guided interventions have become widely accepted because they are consistent with minimal invasiveness. However, organ or abnormality displacement due to involuntary patient motion may undesirably affect the intervention. The proposed instrument uses intraoperative images and modifies the needle path in real time by using a novel ultrasonic image segmentation technique. In phantom and volunteer experiments, the needle path updating time was 130 and 301 ms per cycle, respectively. In animal experiments, the needle could be placed accurately in the target.

Published
2004
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48. Twelve Cases of Primary Carcinoma of the Appendix

Author

K. Konishi, H. Nezuka, Y. Mitchiwa, Kiichi Maeda, Kaeko Oyama, M Kaji, S. Yamamoto, and Kazuhisa Yabushita

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Internal medicine, General surgery, Gastroenterology, medicine, Carcinoma, Surgery, business, medicine.disease, Appendix
Abstract

原発性虫垂癌症例に関して手術成績を検討した.対象は過去18年間に当科で手術施行した原発性虫垂癌症例の12例で,男女比3:9,平均年齢56.8歳(33～74歳),同期間の全大腸癌手術症例中0.69%の頻度であった.症状は右下腹部痛,右下腹部腫瘤,発熱などで,貧血にて精査後発見された無症状例は2例であった.術前に注腸造影検査,腹部CT,大腸内視鏡検査が施行され,虫垂癌の術前診断を得た症例は3例のみ,他は盲腸癌3例,癌性腹膜炎3例,回盲部膿瘍1例などであった.術式は結腸右半切除6例,回盲部切除4例,虫垂切除1例などであった.組織学的臨床病期はstage IIが3例,stage IIIaが1例,stage IVが8例で,stage IV症例では6例に腹膜播種を,3例に肝転移をともなっていた.術後遠隔成績は,4例が無再発生存中,8例は術後短期間に癌死,1生率66.7%,3生率,5生率ともに25%であった.特徴的な画像所見に乏しいため術前診断は困難で,手術時には進行した症例が多かったが,下腹部痛や腫瘤の鑑別診断のひとつとして念頭に置くべきと考えられた.

Published
2004
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49. Mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms in high thermal resistant poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) under static tension and Izod impact

Author

K. Konishi, P.-Y. B. Jar, Dudley Creagh, and T. Shinmura

Subjects
Toughness, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Crazing, Small-angle X-ray scattering, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, fungi, Izod impact strength test, General Chemistry, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Shear (sheet metal), chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Deformation mechanism, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, Deformation (engineering)
Abstract

Deformation mechanisms in a high thermal resistant poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The work followed our previous study, in which TEM was used for the craze observation and SAXS for the shear yielding, to evaluate the relationship between the mechanical properties and the deformation mechanisms of the ABS under static tension and Izod impact. The current results support our previous conclusion that the combination of TEM and SAXS enables us to identify the deformation mechanisms in the ABS, and provide new evidence for the coexistence of crazing and shear yielding. The SAXS patterns suggest that shear yielding occurred in the ABS, even under the impact loading. We concluded from the study that the occurrence of shear yielding had a major effect on the toughness enhancement of the ABS. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 17–24, 2002

Published
2002
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