Search

The optimum authentication method is determined by the user's risk profile, which is created using context- and behavior-based data from the user's device, finger print, one-time password, and other characteristics. Hacking and security breaches of online accounts, including social networking and web ac- counts, are very common in today's society. We suggest a Risk Based Authentication System utilizing Machine Learning to stop this. For the protection of data and money in this internet environment, security is a worry. Numerous parameters are researched and taken into consideration in the paper in order to solve the issue. These variables determine whether to grant the user permission or not. The gradients descent method is used to verify the user. Previous literature is re- viewed with technical details of the system before conclusion.

In his critique of the so-called Western guilt complex, the late Lamin Sanneh challenged scholars and Christians to consider the transmission of Christianity beyond the scope of Western perspectives. This article revisits Sanneh’s seminal work to discuss the ways the Western guilt complex undermines our ability to understand indigenous knowledge systems, which inform and stimulate religious sensibilities. In examining postcolonial reflections on Christian transmissions, this article considers grassroot perspectives as critical in interpreting Christianizing processes that are outside ecclesiastical authority and leadership.

Breast Engorgement is defined as the physiologic process of body in postnatal mothers following birth, having sign and symptoms of painful swelling of the breast combine with sudden increase in milk volume. Resulting in Lymphatic and vascular blockage or obstruction and interstitial oedema, if not treated complications of nipples and breast arise such sore nipples, blebs, mastitis and plugged milk ducts. Pharmacological and alternative methods are available to manage breast engorgement. Hot and Cold compresses showed overall benefits without having side effects. but seeing the shape and contour of breast, hot water bag being flat does not fit to breast to give comfort to mother and also its rubber material cause irritation and allergic. The objectives of this study are to develop Breast Caps and study its effectiveness for management of Breast Engorgement. In this study research approach is Qualitative, Intervention study design, simple random sampling techniques is used to allocate 125 samples in experimental and 100 in control group. Experimental group will receive application of Breast Caps having temperature 43-460F, 10 -15 minutes, thrice a day for three consecutive days and control group will receive application of Hot Water Bag. Primary outcome will be development of Breast Caps and secondary outcome will be to study the effectiveness of breast caps which will show reduction in sign and symptoms of breast engorgement and pain level assess by using 6point self-rating breast engorgement scale(SPES) and visual analogue pain scale (VAS). Ethical approval was obtained from IEC, DMIMS(DU)/IEC/2020-21/8387.The study result and data will be disseminated in peer- review publication. The study result will be concluded that Breast Caps can be comfortably and effectively used for management the condition of Breast Engorgement in postnatal mothers in hospitals and also in home settings.

E-enabled ventures (especially the online bus booking services) have witnessed impressive growth in India during last decade. Especially after COVID-19, customer shift towards online services is expected to augment. This paper is an attempt to develop a scale for determinants of customer satisfaction amongst the existing users of online bus booking (e-enabled platform).Using e-SERVQUAL model by Parasuraman et al. (2005), a draft instrument was designed. Since online bus services also includes physical experience of services offered, Tangibility factor was added in the construct. The questionnaire was tested on a sample of existing users of online bus booking services (n=105). After checking for the adequate reliability score, Exploratory factor Analysis (EFA) was performed. It resulted into extraction of four factors such as Contact, Fulfilment, Privacy and Responsiveness, accounting for 50.5% of total variance explained. Validating this scale on a larger sample for generalisation of the results would be the future agenda of research. Development of India specific scale for e-enabled business models in public transports can be considered as one of the major contribution of this study. © 2021 Karadeniz Technical University. All rights reserved.

Advancement in nanotechnology in multidisciplinary areas of health, cosmetics, automotive, electronics, food and agriculture is established. The researchers started to study and debate the social and ethical aspects in terms of benefits and risks. The study of nanotechnology starts with the proper definition of its purpose and its scope. Since nanotechnology is at an emerging stage, the study of ethics is needed and society revolving around this technology has to grow. This study will help the growth and future predictions about nanotechnology and its implications which can then be communicated to a wider audience which will build confidence and will give them the right to choose. Acceptance of advanced technology by society is the very first milestone for a longer run.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to analyze existing literature on musculoskeletal diseases that homeless populations face and provide recommendations on improving musculoskeletal outcomes for homeless individuals. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed in March 2020 using the PubMed/MEDLINE (1966 to March 2020), Embase (1975 to April 2020), and CINHAL (1982 to 2020) databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used for accuracy of reporting, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. Results: Twenty-nine articles met inclusion criteria. Seven studies observed an increased prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among the homeless population, four observed increased susceptibility to bacterial soft-tissue infection, four observed increased fractures/traumatic injuries, three described increased chronic pain, and six focused on conditions specific to the foot and ankle region. Discussion: Homeless individuals often have inadequate access to care and rely on the emergency department for traumatic injuries. These findings have important implications for surgeons and public health officials and highlight the need for evidence-based interventions and increased follow-up. Targeted efforts and better tracking of follow-up and emergency department usage could improve health outcomes for homeless individuals and reduce the need costly late-stage interventions by providing early and more consistent care.

Virosomes seem to be peptide vesicles that encompass viral shell glycoproteins. Because of the existence of these viral peplomers as well as the binding of certain elements to their respective host cell they are a virosome on that same scale of effects are capable aspirants in the case of a focused drug and toxin release. For pharmaceutical formulation developers, designing secure and convenient traits of development with the liberation for every preventative or beneficial mediator leftovers a demanding mission. To gain pharmacological benefits, drug particles, nucleic acids, complex carbs, fats,and diversity in additament with natural element agents are working. The chief confronts, however, leftovers in transporting these agents to the precise site of operation in a timely fashion. During the middle across the numerous systems for medicines urbanized, as for nanoscale machinery of virosomes tends to nearby the well system for consigning pharmacological agents area of therapeutic effects. Immunostimulating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIVs) are the central focus of the virosome category as far as drug delivery is concerned. The system has been approved for human use that permits antigens to be targeted specifically with a humoral and cellular immune response. The article examined the biopharmaceutical applications of virosomes, and also their preparation method, fusion activity, and drug delivery approaches. This article addresses the administration of virosomes and their association with the immune system, in contrast to potential prospects of virosomes. Also looked at how different delivery mechanisms in virosomes can be used effectively. Keywords: virosome, drug conveying method, cancer management, cancer vaccine, hepatocarcinoma cell line li7a.

Coconut water and coconut are two natural thirst-quenching foods that are commonly available in most countries. Both the water and the meat of the tender coconut stimulate the body by releasing nutrients. In recent years, researchers have been interested in the health and medicinal benefits of tender coconut products. Sugars, proteins, free amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and growth promoting factors are among the biologically essential elements contained in it. Since, current research on coconut water is mainly focused on its properties, uses, and nutritional benefits, this review will concentrate on the human health aspect. It describes original properties and applications, which vary from the most simple to the most complex. It also describes its biochemical structure, which is affected by the stage of maturity and hence the variety. The purpose of this review was to learn about the most widely recorded components of coconut water, as well as other research towards their impact on animals and human body. Coconut water contains bunch of nutrition such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and phyto-hormones. The recent discovery of coconut water on the medicinal properties shows its real potential for improving human health. The possible anti-cancer properties of particular cytokinin could open up new and exciting avenues for finding cures for various cancers. It's a gift from nature to provide the best remedy for thirst and better health. Because of the antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of different ingredients, it is a more sensible option for removing the poisoning effect of other food that is a part of modern life. Understanding the functions and properties of the individual components of coconut water requires further study, but it will enable us to properly exploit this wonderful and multipurpose liquid with unique biological properties.

The aim of this research is to improve the cooling performance of deep freezer by prolonging the cut off period of the compressor, and also maintain a constant temperature inside the freezer cabinet by using different combinations of Nano-phase change material (Nano-PCM), viz. (graphene oxide + KCl and graphene oxide + NaCl) by considering water as a base fluid. In this work, an attempt has been given to reduce the temperature fluctuation that occurred by a power outage as well as frequent opening and closing of the door of the deep freezer. The experimental results show that the freezer cabinet temperature remains stable and is maintained between 3 and 7 °C for 6 to 7 h even though a power outage exists when Nano-PCM is used. It will help to reduce the wastage of perishable products. Hence thermal energy storage by using Nano-PCM could be the most appropriate way to correct the gap between the demand and supply of energy.

A θ oscillation analysis based on the observed antineutrino rates at the Double Chooz far and near detectors for different reactor power conditions is presented. This approach provides a so far unique simultaneous determination of θ and the total background rates without relying on any assumptions on the specific background contributions. The analysis comprises 865 days of data collected in both detectors with at least one reactor in operation. The oscillation results are enhanced by the use of 24.06 days (12.74 days) of reactor-off data in the far (near) detector. The analysis considers the ν¯ interactions up to a visible energy of 8.5 MeV, using the events at higher energies to build a cosmogenic background model considering fast-neutrons interactions and Li decays. The background-model-independent determination of the mixing angle yields sin(2θ) = 0.094 ± 0.017, being the best-fit total background rates fully consistent with the cosmogenic background model. A second oscillation analysis is also performed constraining the total background rates to the cosmogenic background estimates. While the central value is not significantly modified due to the consistency between the reactor-off data and the background estimates, the addition of the background model reduces the uncertainty on θ to 0.015. Along with the oscillation results, the normalization of the anti-neutrino rate is measured with a precision of 0.86%, reducing the 1.43% uncertainty associated to the expectation. [Figure not available: see fulltext.], We acknowledge the support of the CEA, CNRS/IN2P3, the computer centre CC-IN2P3 and LabEx UnivEarthS in France; the Max Planck Gesellschaft, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG, the Transregional Collaborative Research Center TR27, the excellence cluster “Origin and Structure of the Universe” and the Maier-Leibnitz-Laboratorium Garching in Germany; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) in Japan; the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (SEIDI-MINECO) under grants FPA2016-77347-C2-1-P and MdM-2015-0509 in Spain; the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation and Department of Energy in the United States; the Russian Academy of Science, the Kurchatov Institute and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) in Russia; the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI), the Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and the Brazilian Network for High Energy Physics (RENAFAE) in Brazil.

We present a search for signatures of neutrino mixing of electron anti-neutrinos with additional hypothetical sterile neutrino flavors using the Double Chooz experiment. The search is based on data from 5 years of operation of Double Chooz, including 2 years in the two-detector configuration. The analysis is based on a profile likelihood, i.e.\ comparing the data to the model prediction of disappearance in a data-to-data comparison of the two respective detectors. The analysis is optimized for a model of three active and one sterile neutrino. It is sensitive in the typical mass range $5 \cdot 10^{-3} $ eV$^2 \lesssim \Delta m^2_{41} \lesssim 3\cdot 10^{-1} $ eV$^2$ for mixing angles down to $\sin^2 2\theta_{14} \gtrsim 0.02$. No significant disappearance additionally to the conventional disappearance related to $\theta_{13} $ is observed and correspondingly exclusion bounds on the sterile mixing parameter $\theta_{14} $ as function of $ \Delta m^2_{41} $ are obtained., Comment: accepted for publication by EPJC

The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between immunomodulators and the molecular properties of the Cymbopogon citratus derivatives in search of a lead compound through molinspiration cheminformatics software. Ten naturally occurring derivatives of Cymbopogon citratus were selected for bioactivity prediction and drug likeness score on the basis of Lipinski’s rule. All of the compounds fulfilled Lipinski’s rule as their Milog P score was below 5, suggesting these compounds show good permeability across cell membranes. All the screened compounds had minimum or no violations of the Lipinski rule. Cymbopogon citratus and its derivatives showed a good bioactivity score for drug targets including nuclear receptor ligand, protease inhibitor and enzyme inhibition and thus are expected to have excellent pharmacological activity in vivo. The results of this study justify their topical application as immunomodulators but some structural modifications in order to make the compound more polar would definitely improve oral bioavailability and thus the usefulness and therapeutic efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus. All the Cymbopogon citratus derivatives are predicted to be orally active and are considered as potential candidates for further research as their bioactivity score due to high affinity for various drug targets was better than the standard as well as among other tested compounds.

The present study was carried out to test an in vivo crown gall tumor disc bioassay using potato discs of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium sativum, Allium fistolisum, Brassica oleraceae, and then correlate the cytotoxicity results with the known pharmacological activities of the plants. Cytotoxicity was evaluated according to the crown gall tumor disc bioassay, a highly specific, quantitative method that requires only a short period of time to return results of crown gall tumor formation. The results shows the cumulative activity of the extracts of Annona reticulate extract with Allium sativum, Allium fistolisum and Brassica oleraceae extracts and shown they were potent against the bioassay as compared to their being used alone with combined extracts. The results indicated that their bioactive components have considerable pharmacological effects. Thus, the results supported the uses of these plant species in traditional medicine.

In this study, the hepatoprotective activity of methanol bark extract of

Snakebite is major problem still depending on treatment of antisera as though they have their own limitations. Hence this review concentrates on elaborating various herbs and herbal antidotes that can be used against snake bites. Such components can help overcome the limitations of anti-venoms as they are naturally obtained. Herbs can also be easily available and quickly given to victims. Also, they are cost effective as compared to anti-venoms. Various parts of the plants such as roots, rhizomes, leaves, fruits, seeds and their extracts can be utilized to neutralize the snake venom of various snake species. There are various evident Anti-Venom limitations that can interfere with the efficiency of the anti-venom. This article covers the list of some species of the plants which counteracts selective snake’s venoms. There is detailed specification of herbs related to their origin, the venom of snake it acts on, dose and other related parameters.

Chitosan is a polymer naturally obtained by deacetylation of chitin. It is a polymer which is biodegradable and biocompatible regarded as safe for human dietary use and also approved for wound dressing applications. Because of their better stability, low toxicity, simple and mild preparation method and providing versatile routes of administration, chitosan nanoparticles have gained more attention as drug delivery carriers. Nanoparticles (NP) are prepared with chitosan and its derivatives possess a positive surface charge and mucoadhesive properties such that can adhere to mucus membranes and release the drug payload in a sustained release manner. Their sub-micron size is suitable for various applications in non-parenteral drug delivery for the treatment of cancer, gastrointestinal diseases, pulmonary diseases, drug delivery to the brain and ocular infections.

In silico approaches have been widely recognized to be useful for drug discovery. Here, we consider the significance of available databases of medicinal plants and chemo and bioinformatics tools for in silico drug discovery beyond the traditional use of medicines. Whereas computational methods for molecular design are well established in medicinal chemistry research, their application in the field of natural products is still not exhaustively explored. The challenge is which selection criteria and/or multiple filtering tools to apply for a target-oriented isolation of potentially. The amount of available data on the biological activity of the investigated compounds (including herbal medicines) and the number of target macromolecules related to their therapeutic effects increase every year. At the same time, the pool of data on compositions of medicinal plants has also increased. Therefore, the need for use of in silico methods to determine the biological activity of medicinal plants is obvious. In-silico studies are done to identify the exact target of the drug. Which finds a drug for the particular binding site and final stage animal testing can be done for obtaining a conform result. Specific software on a computer allows researchers to analyze enormous data without actually conducting a large number of experiments. It helps to give the existing information to model disease pathway and identifies precise targets of the selected drugs. Later stage in vivo and in vitro studies can be done for obtaining the confirmatory result.

Background Salix aegyptiaca is known for its medicinal properties mainly due to the presence of salicylate compounds. However, it also contains other beneficial phytochemicals such as gallic acid, quercetin, rutin and vanillin. The aim of the study was to examine the redox potential, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of these phytochemicals along with acetylsalicylic acid. Methods The redox potential and antioxidant activity of gallic acid, quercetin, rutin, vanillin and acetylsalicylic acid were determined by oxidation-reduction potential electrode method and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, respectively. In ex vivo studies, antioxidant activity of these phytochemicals was determined by lipid peroxidation and carbonyl content assay in the liver of mice. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined by protein denaturation method. Six-week old C57BL/6 mice treated with gallic acid (100 mg/kg body weight) and acetylsalicylic acid (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) to investigate their in vivo modulatory effects on the specific activities of drug metabolizing phase I and phase II enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and level of lipid peroxidation in liver. Results The order of ability to donate electron and antioxidant activity was found to be: gallic acid > quercetin > rutin > vanillin > acetylsalicylic acid. In ex vivo studies, the similar pattern and magnitude of inhibitory effects of these phytochemicals against peroxidative damage in microsomes and protein carbonyl in cytosolic fraction were observed. In in vivo studies, gallic acid and acetylsalicylic acid alone or in combination, enhanced the specific activities of drug metabolizing phase I and phase II enzymes as well as antioxidant enzymes and also inhibited lipid peroxidation in liver. Conclusions These findings show a close link between the electron donation and antioxidation potential of these phytochemicals, and in turn their biological activity. Gallic acid, quercetin, rutin and vanillin were found to be better electron donors and antioxidants and therefore, might be mainly responsible for the antioxidant properties of S. aegyptiaca, while acetylsalicylic acid provided its maximum anti-inflammatory activity.

Innovation Interfacial rheological properties of complex fluid-fluid interfaces are strongly influenced by the film microstructure. Experimental investigations for correlating interfacial morphology and rheology are notoriously challenging. A miniaturized radial Langmuir trough was developed to study complex fluid-fluid interfaces under purely dilatational deformations that operates in tandem with a conventional inverted microscope for simultaneous interfacial visualization. Experiments Two materials were investigated at an air-water interface: poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). Surface pressure measurements made in the radial Langmuir trough were compared with a commercial rectangular Langmuir trough. Interfacial in situ visualization for each material was performed during the compression cycle in the radial trough. Challenges associated with the small size of the radial Langmuir trough, such as the influence of capillary deformation on the measured surface pressure, are also quantified. Findings Measured surface pressures between the newly developed radial trough and the rectangular Langmuir trough compare well. Micrographs obtained in the radial Langmuir trough were used to obtain film properties such as Young’s modulus. The new advance in colloid and interface science is the ability to capture structure-property relationships of planar interfaces using microscopy and purely dilatational deformation. This will advance the development of constitutive modeling of complex fluid-fluid interfaces.