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This paper focuses on the use of Cyclea peltata leaf extract for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (CPL-AgNPs) post-optimization by one variable at a time (OVAT) approach for nonlinear optics application. The leaf extract of Cyclea peltata (10% w/v) and AgNO3 (1 mM) was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (CPL-AgNPs). Reactions conditions like CPL extract concentration, salt concentration, temperature, pH, RPM, and time for synthesis were optimized by using OVAT approach. A UV-visible spectroscopic investigation confirmed the biosynthesis of CPL-AgNPs at 420 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) confirmed the spherical monodispersed nanoparticles in the range of 30–50 nm and EDAX confirmed the purity of the sample. FTIR confirmed the capping of nanoparticles by plant phytochemicals. The synthesized CPL-AgNPs were evaluated for nonlinear optical properties using the Z-scan technique at 532 nm with a CW laser. Strong nonlinear absorption by the nanoparticles in the range of 2.85 × 10−2 cm/W was observed. Moreover, CPL-AgNPs display superior optical limitations.

In this communications, the concept of top semirelib graph of a planar graph is introduced. We present a characterization of graphs, whose top semirelib graphs are always seperable. Further characterize graph whose plan Tps(T ) is planar and outer planar. Lastly we proved that Tps(T ) is always noneulerian and non Hamiltonian.

In this communucations, the concept of semi-relib graph of a planar graph is introduced. We present a characterization of those graphs whose semi-relib graphs are planar, outer planar, eulerian, hamiltonian with crossing number one.

A salen-based ruthenium (Ru) (II) complex was synthesized for possible use in nonlinear optical device applications. The Ru complex was doped in a polymer matrix to fabricate films using a low-cost spin-coating technique. The third-order nonlinear optical parameters of the complex were investigated by Z-scan and degenerate four-wave mixing techniques. The study reveals two-order enhancement of third-order optical susceptibility χ(3) and exhibits superior limiting capability due to a reverse saturable absorption process. All-optical switching action for the films indicates that the sample can function as an optical inverter or a NOT gate. Hence, the Ru (II) Schiff-base complex materializes as a possible candidate for use in nonlinear optical devices.

A novel pyrazoline, 3-(phenyl)-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl)-2-pyrazoline (PHDP) was synthesized using standard method and its chemical structure was confirmed using FTIR studies. The linear and non linear optical properties of the compound were studied using UV-Vis and Z-scan techniques. UV-Vis spectrum shows that the compound is transparent in the visible region and absorption in the UV region. The z-scan study shows that the compound possesses third and higher order optical nonlinearity. The calculated optical absorption cross sections indicate that the operating nonlinear mechanism is reverse saturable absorption type. The real part of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ3 was estimated and the closed aperture data shows that PHDP possess negative nonlinearity.

The Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) complexes bearing diimine and one‐dimensional (1D) push‐pull NLO‐phores with π‐conjugation between ligands and metal have been synthesized for two‐dimensional (2D) nonlinear optical response. The third‐order nonlinear optical properties of complexes were studied using Z‐scan technique at 532 nm with nanosecond laser pulses. The complexes show optical limiting behavior. The values of the effective two‐photon absorption (2PA) coefficients (β), third‐order nonlinear susceptibilities (χ((3)) and large two‐photon absorption cross sections (σ2) are calculated. Z‐scan results show that complexes are suitable materials for optical limiting as well as optical switching applications.

We report the third‐order nonlinear optical, optical power limiting and optical switching study of palladium‐N‐(2‐pyridyl)‐N′‐ (5‐amino salicylidene) hydrazine triphenylphosphine, using Z‐scan technique and pump‐probe technique. The measured nonlinear refractive index is n2 = −6.022×10−9 esu. The complex exhibits the reverse saturable absorption (RSA), the nonlinear absorption coefficient of β = 10.748×10−9 m/W. The good optical power limiting and optical switching behavior were observed in this complex. These suggest that this complex is a potential molecule for photonic applications.

A potentially useful nonlinear optical (NLO) organic material, 1‐(5‐chlorothiophen‐2‐yl)‐3‐(24,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one(CTTMP), has been synthesized and grown as a high‐quality single crystal by the slow evaporation technique. The grown crystals were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy. The material has thermal stability up to its melting point. Single beam Z‐scan technique was employed to study the third order NLO properties of the material.

A new pyrazoline derivative 3‐phenyl‐5‐(4‐N,N‐dimethylaminophenyl)‐1H‐2‐pyrazoline (PDHP) was synthesized using standard method. The structure of the compound was established based on 1H NMR spectrum. The third‐order optical nonlinear properties of PDHP compound were measured using nanosecond Z‐scan method The measured nonlinear absorption coefficient β is 0.27×10−10 m W−1. The magnitude of third order susceptibility is Reχ(3) = =19.94×10−13 esu and Imχx(3) = 5.85×10−13 esu. These experimental results reveal that the PDHP may be a good candidate for optical limiting applications due to its reverse saturated absorption phenomenon