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Background: Hypertensive heart disease, characterized by changes such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), poses significant health risks. Echocardiography serves as a non-invasive tool for detecting these changes. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of LVH in hypertensive patients and examine the association between blood pressure levels and echocardiographic findings. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 150 hypertensive patients was conducted. Echocardiographic screening was performed to identify LVH and other cardiac abnormalities. Blood pressure measurements and clinical data were analyzed. Results: LVH was detected in 40% of patients. There was a statistically significant association between increased systolic blood pressure and LVH presence (OR: 1.25 for each 10 mmHg increase, p < 0.01). Echocardiographic findings influenced clinical management in 26.7% of patients, leading to medication adjustments or further testing. Conclusion: The study highlights a high prevalence of LVH in hypertensive patients, affirming the critical role of echocardiography in early detection and management of HHD. The strong association between blood pressure and LVH emphasizes the need for rigorous blood pressure control. Echocardiography should be considered a key component in the management of hypertension, aiding in risk stratification and guiding therapeutic decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the etiological factors, clinical presentation, and management of meningitis at the Gouri Devi Institute of Medical Science. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 80 meningitis patients over five years, focusing on demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, etiological agents, treatment outcomes, and diagnostic methods. Results: Meningitis was most prevalent in the 21-40 age group (31.25%), with a slight male predominance (56.25%) and higher incidence in urban areas (62.5%). Fever (95%) and headache (90%) were the most common symptoms. Enteroviruses (37.5%) and Neisseria meningitidis (25%) were the primary etiological agents. Treatment with antivirals (97.14% recovery) and antibiotics (85.71% recovery) was effective. Vaccinations significantly reduced meningitis incidence (p < 0.001). Age and socioeconomic status were statistically significant factors influencing the type of meningitis. Conclusions: The study provides essential insights into the etiology, clinical presentation, and management of meningitis. It highlights the significance of demographic factors, the effectiveness of treatment regimens, and the impact of preventive measures like vaccination in reducing meningitis incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]