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1. Diurnal variations of NO2 tropospheric vertical column density over the Seoul metropolitan area from the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS): seasonal differences and the influence of the a priori NO2 profile

Author: S. Seo, S.-W. Kim, K.-M. Kim, A. Richter, K. Lange, J. P. Burrows, J. Park, H. Hong, H. Lee, U. Jeong, J.-H. Woo, and J. Kim
Subjects: Environmental engineering, TA170-171, Earthwork. Foundations, TA715-787
Abstract: The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS), launched in 2020, provides both temporally and spatially continuous air quality data from geostationary Earth orbit (GEO). This study first investigates the seasonal variations and diurnal behavior of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) tropospheric vertical column densities (TropVCDs) over the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA) using GEMS data, retrieved by the IUP-UB algorithm. We find that the magnitude of the NO2 TropVCDs and their diurnal behavior have significant seasonal dependences. In January, the highest NO2 TropVCD values in the range 27.5–28.9×1015 molec.cm-2 during the four seasons were observed at 15:00 local time (LT) and NO2 TropVCD increases from the first retrieved values at 10:00 LT. On the other hand, we find the lowest values (7.4–8.8×1015 molec.cm-2) are at ∼14:00 LT in July. The VCD values in July increased up to 10:00 LT and then decreased until 14:00 LT but then began to increase again. These different diurnal behaviors of the TropVCDs in the different seasons reflect the differences in photochemical and meteorological conditions as well as the emissions of NOx. Photochemical transformations are typically more rapid in July and slower in January. The absolute values and diurnal behavior of NO2 TropVCDs are significantly influenced by the wind speed, except in July. Moderate (wind speed ≥3 m s−1) or strong wind (wind speed >5 m s−1) reduced the magnitude of the diurnal behavior in January, implying that the NO2 plumes were transported downwind. Finally, we compared the retrieved NO2 TropVCDs by using different a priori NO2 data simulated by TM5 and WRF-Chem, calculated using the most recent emission inventories. Although simulated VCDs from WRF-Chem and TM5 show differences of up to a factor 2.75, retrieved NO2 TropVCDs using each a priori data have almost identical values and diurnal behaviors, except in July. Notably, the diurnal behavior of the retrieved NO2 TropVCDs is independent of that from the two chemical transport models, indicating that observations of slant column densities are the dominant factor in determining the diurnal behavior of NO2 TropVCDs. Changes in the model horizontal resolution and volatile organic compound (VOC) emission inventory do not significantly affect the retrieved NO2 TropVCDs in this study. However, when the a priori NO2 vertical profile was fixed as the values at 13:45 LT, the diurnal patterns of NO2 TropVCDs showed significant changes, with differences of up to −18.3 %.
Published: 2025
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2. Measurements of the branching fractions of Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\pi}^0 $$ , Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0\eta $$ , and Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η ′ $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\eta}^{\prime } $$ and asymmetry parameter of Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\pi}^0 $$

Author: The Belle and Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, L. Bierwirth, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, J. Borah, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, P. Cheema, C. Chen, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, K. Gudkova, I. Haide, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, C. Harris, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, K. K. Joo, H. Junkerkalefeld, M. Kaleta, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, F. Keil, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, Y. Kulii, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, K. Lalwani, T. Lam, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, M. J. Lee, C. Lemettais, P. Leo, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, L. K. Li, S. X. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, Z. Liptak, M. H. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, C. Martellini, A. Martens, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, C. Miller, M. Mirra, S. Mitra, K. Miyabayashi, G. B. Mohanty, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, I. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, M. Niiyama, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, L. Reuter, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, S. Schneider, M. Schnepf, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, E. Solovieva, W. Song, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, N. Suwonjandee, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, S. Tanaka, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, A. Vossen, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, Y. M. Yook, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, L. Zani, F. Zeng, B. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík
Subjects: Branching fraction, Charm Physics, e +-e − Experiments, Particle and Resonance Production, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present a study of Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\pi}^0 $$ , Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0\eta $$ , and Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η ′ $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\eta}^{\prime } $$ decays using the Belle and Belle II data samples, which have integrated luminosities of 980 fb −1 and 426 fb −1, respectively. We measure the following relative branching fractions B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 / B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + = 0.48 ± 0.02 stat ± 0.03 syst , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η / B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + = 0.11 ± 0.01 stat ± 0.01 syst , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η ′ / B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + = 0.08 ± 0.02 stat ± 0.01 syst $$ {\displaystyle \begin{array}{c}\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\pi}^0\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^{-}{\pi}^{+}\right)=0.48\pm 0.02\left(\textrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.03\left(\textrm{syst}\right),\\ {}\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0\eta \right)/\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^{-}{\pi}^{+}\right)=0.11\pm 0.01\left(\textrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.01\left(\textrm{syst}\right),\\ {}\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\eta}^{\prime}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^{-}{\pi}^{+}\right)=0.08\pm 0.02\left(\textrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.01\left(\textrm{syst}\right)\end{array}} $$ for the first time, where the uncertainties are statistical (stat) and systematic (syst). By multiplying by the branching fraction of the normalization mode, B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + $$ \mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^{-}{\pi}^{+}\right) $$ , we obtain the following absolute branching fraction results B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 = 6.9 ± 0.3 stat ± 0.5 syst ± 1.3 norm × 10 − 3 , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η = 1.6 ± 0.2 stat ± 0.2 syst ± 0.3 norm × 10 − 3 , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η ′ = 1.2 ± 0.3 stat ± 0.1 syst ± 0.2 norm × 10 − 3 , $$ {\displaystyle \begin{array}{c}\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\pi}^0\right)=\left(6.9\pm 0.3\left(\textrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.5\left(\textrm{syst}\right)\pm 1.3\left(\operatorname{norm}\right)\right)\times {10}^{-3},\\ {}\mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0\eta \right)=\left(1.6\pm 0.2\left(\textrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.2\left(\textrm{syst}\right)\pm 0.3\left(\operatorname{norm}\right)\right)\times {10}^{-3},\\ {}\mathcal{B}\left({\varXi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\eta}^{\prime}\right)=\left(1.2\pm 0.3\left(\textrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.1\left(\textrm{syst}\right)\pm 0.2\left(\operatorname{norm}\right)\right)\times {10}^{-3},\end{array}} $$ where the third uncertainties are from B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + $$ \mathcal{B}\left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^{-}{\pi}^{+}\right) $$ . The asymmetry parameter for Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 $$ {\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\pi}^0 $$ is measured to be α Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 = − 0.90 ± 0.15 stat ± 0.23 syst $$ \alpha \left({\Xi}_c^0\to {\Xi}^0{\pi}^0\right)=-0.90\pm 0.15\left(\textrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.23\left(\textrm{syst}\right) $$ .
Published: 2024
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3. Measurement of the energy dependence of the e + e − → B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ , B B ¯ ∗ $$ B{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ , and B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ cross sections at Belle II

Author: The Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, P. K. Behera, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, L. Bierwirth, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dorner, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, A. Garmash, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, T. Grammatico, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, K. Hara, T. Hara, C. Harris, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, A. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. C. Hill, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, S. Ito, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, K. K. Joo, H. Junkerkalefeld, H. Kakuno, M. Kaleta, D. Kalita, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, Y. Kulii, T. Kuhr, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, P. Leitl, P. Leo, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, S. X. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, A. Lozar, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, L. Martel, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, M. Mirra, S. Mitra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, C. Niebuhr, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, I. Peruzzi, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, F. Pham, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, S. Privalov, H. Purwar, N. Rad, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, K. Ravindran, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, L. Reuter, I. Ripp-Baudot, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, S. Schneider, M. Schnepf, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, B. Shwartz, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, K. Smith, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, J. Strube, Y. Sue, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, S. Tanaka, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, N. Toutounji, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, Y. Uematsu, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, G. S. Varner, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, L. Zani, F. Zeng, B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Quarkonium, Spectroscopy, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report measurements of the e + e − → B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ , B B ¯ ∗ $$ B{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ , and B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ cross sections at four energies, 10653, 10701, 10746 and 10805 MeV, using data collected by the Belle II experiment. We reconstruct one B meson in a large number of hadronic final states and use its momentum to identify the production process. In the first 2 – 5 MeV above B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ threshold, the e + e − → B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ cross section increases rapidly. This may indicate the presence of a pole close to the threshold.
Published: 2024
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4. Determination of the CKM angle ϕ 3 from a combination of Belle and Belle II results

Author: The Belle and Belle II collaborations, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, S. Al Said, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, K. Belous, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, L. Bierwirth, T. Bilka, S. Bilokin, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, L. Corona, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, T. Grammatico, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, H. Junkerkalefeld, D. Kalita, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, M. J. Lee, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, M. H. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, L. Martel, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, K. R. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, C. Niebuhr, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Panta, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, M. Schwickardi, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, B. Shwartz, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, N. Suwonjandee, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, Y. Uematsu, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, Q. D. Zhou, and V. I. Zhukova
Subjects: B Physics, CKM Angle Gamma, CP Violation, e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report a determination of the CKM angle ϕ 3, also known as γ, from a combination of measurements using samples of up to 711 fb −1 from the Belle experiment and up to 362 fb −1 from the Belle II experiment. We combine results from analyses of B + → DK +, B + → Dπ +, and B + → D * K + decays, where D is an admixture of D 0 and D ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{D}}^0 $$ mesons, in a likelihood fit to obtain ϕ 3 = (75.2 ± 7.6) ° . We also briefly discuss the interpretation of this result.
Published: 2024
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5. Search for lepton-flavor-violating τ − → μ − μ + μ − decays at Belle II

Author: The Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, F. Bianchi, L. Bierwirth, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, J. Borah, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, C. Chen, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dorner, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, T. Grammatico, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, C. Harris, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, H. Junkerkalefeld, M. Kaleta, D. Kalita, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, Y. Kulii, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, K. Lalwani, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, K. Lautenbach, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, P. Leo, C. Lemettais, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, L. K. Li, S. X. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, M. H. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, C. Miller, M. Mirra, S. Mitra, K. Miyabayashi, G. B. Mohanty, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, K. R. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, C. Niebuhr, J. Ninkovic, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, I. Prudiev, H. Purwar, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, M. Reif, S. Reiter, L. Reuter, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, S. Schneider, C. Schwanda, M. Schwickardi, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, K. Smith, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, Y. Sue, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, N. Suwonjandee, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, S. Tanaka, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, A. Vossen, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, Y. M. Yook, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, L. Zani, F. Zeng, B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, Q. D. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Flavour Physics, Tau Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present the result of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decay τ − → μ − μ + μ − using a 424 fb −1 sample of data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB e + e − collider. The selection of e + e − → τ + τ − events is based on an inclusive reconstruction of the non-signal tau decay, and on a boosted decision tree to suppress background. We observe one signal candidate, which is compatible with the expectation from background processes. We set a 90% confidence level upper limit of 1.9 × 10 −8 on the branching fraction of the τ − → μ − μ + μ − decay, which is the most stringent bound to date.
Published: 2024
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6. The GRB221009A gamma-ray burst as revealed by the gamma-ray spectrometer onboard the KPLO (Danuri)

Author: K. J. Kim, S. Y. Kim, D. Paige, J. Grodner, Y. Choi, J. H. Park, Y. K. Kim, K. S. Park, K. B. Lee, N. Yamashita, A. A. Berezhnoy, and C. Wöhler
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract The strongest gamma-ray burst (GRB) of the century, GRB20221009A, has been detected by the Korean Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter Gamma-ray Spectrometer (KGRS) instrument onboard the Korean Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO). KGRS uses a LaBr3 detector to measure GRB counts with five energy bins in the energy range from 30 keV to 12 MeV. KGRS detected GRB221009A at a distance of 1.508 million kilometers from the Earth. The full duration of the main burst was recorded between 13:20 and 13:26 on October 9, 2022 with peak counts of over 1000 times background. The dead time of KGRS reached as high as 50%, and the intrinsic gamma-ray spectrum of LaBr3 was significantly altered.
Published: 2024
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7. Using observed urban NOx sinks to constrain VOC reactivity and the ozone and radical budget in the Seoul Metropolitan Area

Author: B. A. Nault, K. R. Travis, J. H. Crawford, D. R. Blake, P. Campuzano-Jost, R. C. Cohen, J. P. DiGangi, G. S. Diskin, S. R. Hall, L. G. Huey, J. L. Jimenez, K.-E. Kim, Y. R. Lee, I. J. Simpson, K. Ullmann, and A. Wisthaler
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Ozone (O3) is an important secondary pollutant that impacts air quality and human health. Eastern Asia has high regional O3 background due to the numerous sources and increasing and rapid industrial growth, which also impacts the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). However, the SMA has also been experiencing increasing O3 driven by decreasing NOx emissions, highlighting the role of the local in situ O3 production on the SMA. Here, comprehensive gas-phase measurements collected on the NASA DC-8 during the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)/NASA Korea–United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) study are used to constrain the instantaneous O3 production rate over the SMA. The observed NOx oxidized products support the importance of non-measured peroxy nitrates (PNs) in the O3 chemistry in the SMA, as they accounted for ∼49 % of the total PNs. Using the total measured PNs (ΣPNs) and alkyl and multifunctional nitrates (ΣANs), unmeasured volatile organic compound (VOC) reactivity (R(VOC)) is constrained and found to range from 1.4–2.1 s−1. Combining the observationally constrained R(VOC) with the other measurements on the DC-8, the instantaneous net O3 production rate, which is as high as ∼10 ppbv h−1, along with the important sinks of O3 and radical chemistry, is constrained. This analysis shows that ΣPNs play an important role in both the sinks of O3 and radical chemistry. Since ΣPNs are assumed to be in a steady state, the results here highlight the role that ΣPNs play in urban environments in altering the net O3 production, but ΣPNs can potentially lead to increased net O3 production downwind due to their short lifetime (∼1 h). The results provide guidance for future measurements to identify the missing R(VOCs) and ΣPN production.
Published: 2024
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8. Test of light-lepton universality in τ decays with the Belle II experiment

Author: The Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, F. Bianchi, L. Bierwirth, T. Bilka, S. Bilokin, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, J. Borah, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dorner, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, T. Grammatico, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, Y. Han, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, H. Junkerkalefeld, M. Kaleta, D. Kalita, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, Y. Kulii, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, K. Lalwani, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, K. Lautenbach, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, P. Leo, C. Lemettais, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, S. X. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, Z. Liptak, M. H. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, C. Miller, M. Mirra, S. Mitra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, K. R. Nakamura, M. Nakao, H. Nakazawa, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, C. Niebuhr, J. Ninkovic, S. Nishida, A. Novosel, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Panta, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, T. K. Pedlar, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, I. Prudiiev, H. Purwar, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, C. Schwanda, M. Schwickardi, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, B. Shwartz, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, Y. Sue, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, N. Suwonjandee, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, S. Tanaka, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, L. Zani, F. Zeng, B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, Q. D. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Tau Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present a measurement of the ratio R μ = B τ − → μ − ν ¯ μ ν τ / B τ − → e − ν ¯ e ν τ $$ {R}_{\mu }=\mathcal{B}\left({\tau}^{-}\to {\mu}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\mu }{\nu}_{\tau}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({\tau}^{-}\to {e}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_e{\nu}_{\tau}\right) $$ of branching fractions B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ of the τ lepton decaying to muons or electrons using data collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB e + e − collider. The sample has an integrated luminosity of 362 ± 2 fb −1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV. Using an optimised event selection, a binned maximum likelihood fit is performed using the momentum spectra of the electron and muon candidates. The result, R μ = 0.9675 ± 0.0007 ± 0.0036, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic, is the most precise to date. It provides a stringent test of the light-lepton universality, translating to a ratio of the couplings of the muon and electron to the W boson in τ decays of 0.9974 ± 0.0019, in agreement with the standard model expectation of unity.
Published: 2024
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9. Measurement of the branching fractions of B ¯ $$ \overline{B} $$ → D () K − K S ∗ 0 $$ {K}_{(S)}^{\left(\ast \right)0} $$ and B ¯ $$ \overline{B} $$ → D () D s − $$ {D}_s^{-} $$ decays at Belle II

Author: The Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, L. Bierwirth, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dorner, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, K. Gudkova, I. Haide, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, C. Harris, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, K. K. Joo, H. Junkerkalefeld, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, Y. Kulii, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, K. Lalwani, T. Lam, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, K. Lautenbach, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, C. Lemettais, P. Leo, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, L. K. Li, S. X. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, Z. Liptak, M. H. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, C. Martellini, A. Martens, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, F. Meier, M. Merola, C. Miller, M. Mirra, S. Mitra, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, M. Niiyama, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, L. Reuter, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, S. Schneider, M. Schnepf, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, M. Sumihama, H. Svidras, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, S. Tanaka, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, A. Vossen, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, J. Wiechczynski, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, Y. M. Yook, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, L. Zani, F. Zeng, B. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík
Subjects: B Physics, Branching fraction, e +-e − Experiments, Particle and Resonance Production, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present measurements of the branching fractions of eight B ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{B}}^0 $$ → D (*)+ K − K S ∗ 0 $$ {K}_{(S)}^{\left(\ast \right)0} $$ , B − → D (*)0 K − K S ∗ 0 $$ {K}_{(S)}^{\left(\ast \right)0} $$ decay channels. The results are based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the Υ(4S) resonance collected with the Belle II detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 362 fb −1. The event yields are extracted from fits to the distributions of the difference between expected and observed B meson energy, and are efficiency-corrected as a function of m(K − K S ∗ 0 $$ {K}_{(S)}^{\left(\ast \right)0} $$ ) and m(D (*) K S ∗ 0 $$ {K}_{(S)}^{\left(\ast \right)0} $$ ) in order to avoid dependence on the decay model. These results include the first observation of B ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{B}}^0 $$ → D + K − K S 0 $$ {K}_S^0 $$ , B − → D* 0 K − K S 0 $$ {K}_S^0 $$ , and B ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{B}}^0 $$ → D* + K − K S 0 $$ {K}_S^0 $$ decays and a significant improvement in the precision of the other channels compared to previous measurements. The helicity-angle distributions and the invariant mass distributions of the K − K S ∗ 0 $$ {K}_{(S)}^{\left(\ast \right)0} $$ systems are compatible with quasi-two-body decays via a resonant transition with spin-parity J P = 1− for the K − K S 0 $$ {K}_S^0 $$ systems and J P = 1+ for the K − K* 0 systems. We also present measurements of the branching fractions of four B ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{B}}^0 $$ → D (*)+ D s − $$ {D}_s^{-} $$ , B − → D (*)0 D s − $$ {D}_s^{-} $$ decay channels with a precision compatible to the current world averages.
Published: 2024
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10. Observation of Ω(2012)−→Ξ(1530)K¯ and measurement of the effective couplings of Ω(2012)− to Ξ(1530)K¯ and ΞK¯

Author: S. Jia, C.P. Shen, C.Z. Yuan, J.K. Ahn, H. Aihara, D.M. Asner, H. Atmacan, R. Ayad, S. Bahinipati, Sw. Banerjee, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, D. Biswas, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, A. Budano, M. Campajola, M.-C. Chang, B.G. Cheon, H.E. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, P. Ecker, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B.G. Fulsom, V. Gaur, A. Garmash, A. Giri, P. Goldenzweig, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, K. Gudkova, C. Hadjivasiliou, D. Herrmann, W.-S. Hou, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W.W. Jacobs, Y. Jin, K.K. Joo, C. Kiesling, D.Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, A. Korobov, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kumita, Y.-J. Kwon, T. Lam, L.K. Li, S.X. Li, Y.B. Li, D. Liventsev, M. Masuda, D. Matvienko, S.K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, R. Mizuk, R. Mussa, M. Nakao, A. Natochii, M. Niiyama, S. Nishida, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, J. Park, T.K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L.E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M.T. Prim, G. Russo, S. Sandilya, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, W. Shan, J.-G. Shiu, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, M. Sumihama, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, Y. Unno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Usov, M.-Z. Wang, E. Won, B.D. Yabsley, W. Yan, J. Yelton, J.H. Yin, L. Yuan, Z.P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, and V. Zhukova
Subjects: Ω(2012)−, Branching fraction ratio, ϒ decays, Belle experiment, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Using ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) data collected by the Belle detector, we discover a new three-body decay, Ω(2012)−→Ξ(1530)K¯→ΞπK¯, with a significance of 5.2 σ. The mass of the Ω(2012)− is (2012.5±0.7±0.5) MeV and its effective couplings to Ξ(1530)K¯ and ΞK¯ are (39−39+31±9)×10−2 and (1.7±0.3±0.3)×10−2, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The ratio of the branching fraction for the three-body decay to that for the two-body decay to ΞK¯ is 0.99±0.26±0.06, assuming isospin symmetry.
Published: 2025
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11. Role of hidden-color components in the tetraquark mixing model

Author: Hungchong Kim and K. S. Kim
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Multiquarks can have two-hadron components and hidden-color components in their wave functions. The presence of two-hadron components in multiquarks introduces a potential source of confusion, particularly with respect to their resemblance to hadronic molecules. On the other hand, hidden-color components are essential for distinguishing between multiquarks and hadronic molecules. In this work, we study the hidden-color components in the wave functions of the tetraquark mixing model, a model that has been proposed as a suitable framework for describing the properties of two nonets in the $$J^{P}=0^{+}$$ J P = 0 + channel: the light nonet [ $$a_{0} (980)$$ a 0 ( 980 ) , $$K_{0}^{*} (700)$$ K 0 ∗ ( 700 ) , $$f_{0} (500)$$ f 0 ( 500 ) , $$f_{0} (980)$$ f 0 ( 980 ) ] and the heavy nonet [ $$a_{0} (1450)$$ a 0 ( 1450 ) , $$K_{0}^* (1430)$$ K 0 ∗ ( 1430 ) , $$f_{0} (1370)$$ f 0 ( 1370 ) , $$f_{0} (1500)$$ f 0 ( 1500 ) ]. Our analysis reveals a substantial presence of hidden-color components within the tetraquark wave functions. To elucidate the impact of hidden-color components on physical quantities, we conduct computations of the hyperfine masses, $$\langle V_{CS}\rangle $$ ⟨ V CS ⟩ , for the two nonets, considering scenarios involving only the two-meson components and those incorporating the hidden-color components. We demonstrate that the hidden-color components constitute an important part of the hyperfine masses, such that the mass difference formula, $$\Delta M\approx \Delta \langle V_{CS}\rangle $$ Δ M ≈ Δ ⟨ V CS ⟩ , which has been successful for the two nonets, cannot be achieved without the hidden-color contributions. This can provide another evidence supporting the tetraquark nature of the two nonets.
Published: 2024
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12. Study of Υ(10753) decays to π + π − Υ(nS) final states at Belle II

Author: The Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, L. Corona, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, T. Grammatico, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, H. Junkerkalefeld, H. Kakuno, D. Kalita, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, D. Levit, C. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, M. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, L. Martel, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, C. Niebuhr, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Panta, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. P. Shen, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, B. Shwartz, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, L. Zani, B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, Q. D. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, and V. I. Zhukova
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Exotics, Quarkonium, Spectroscopy, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present an analysis of the process e + e − → π + π − Υ(nS) (where n = 1, 2, or 3) reconstructed in 19.6 fb −1 of Belle II data during a special run of the SuperKEKB collider at four energy points near the peak of the Υ(10753) resonance. By analyzing the mass distribution of the π + π − Υ(nS) system and the Born cross sections of the e + e − → π + π − Υ(nS) process, we report the first observation of Υ(10753) decays to the π + π − Υ(1S) and π + π − Υ(2S) final states, and find no evidence for decays to π + π − Υ(3S). Possible intermediate states in the π + π − Υ(1S, 2S) transitions are also investigated, and no evidence for decays proceeding via the π ∓ Z b ± $$ {\pi}^{\mp }{Z}_b^{\pm } $$ or f 0(980)Υ(nS) intermediate states is found. We measure Born cross sections for the e + e − → π + π − Υ(nS) process that, combined with results from Belle, obtain the mass and width of Υ(10753) to be (10756.6 ± 2.7 ± 0.9) MeV/c 2 and (29.0 ± 8.8 ± 1.2) MeV, respectively. The relative ratios of the Born cross sections at the Υ(10753) resonance peak are also reported for the first time.
Published: 2024
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13. Nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) scintillation detector for dark matter search experiments

Author: COSINE-100 Collaboration, S. M. Lee, G. Adhikari, N. Carlin, J. Y. Cho, J. J. Choi, S. Choi, A. C. Ezeribe, L. E. França, C. Ha, I. S. Hahn, S. J. Hollick, E. J. Jeon, H. W. Joo, W. G. Kang, M. Kauer, B. H. Kim, H. J. Kim, J. Kim, K. W. Kim, S. H. Kim, S. K. Kim, S. W. Kim, W. K. Kim, Y. D. Kim, Y. H. Kim, Y. J. Ko, D. H. Lee, E. K. Lee, H. Lee, H. S. Lee, H. Y. Lee, I. S. Lee, J. Lee, J. Y. Lee, M. H. Lee, S. H. Lee, Y. J. Lee, D. S. Leonard, N. T. Luan, B. B. Manzato, R. H. Maruyama, R. J. Neal, J. A. Nikkel, S. L. Olsen, B. J. Park, H. K. Park, H. S. Park, J. C. Park, K. S. Park, S. D. Park, R. L. C. Pitta, H. Prihtiadi, S. J. Ra, C. Rott, K. A. Shin, D. F. F. S. Cavalcante, A. Scarff, M. K. Son, N. J. C. Spooner, L. T. Truc, L. Yang, and G. H. Yu
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present a comprehensive study of the nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors within the context of dark matter search experiments. Our investigation, which integrates COSINE-100 data with supplementary $$\gamma $$ γ spectroscopy, measures light yields across diverse energy levels from full-energy $$\gamma $$ γ peaks produced by the decays of various isotopes. These $$\gamma $$ γ peaks of interest were produced by decays supported by both long and short-lived isotopes. Analyzing peaks from decays supported only by short-lived isotopes presented a unique challenge due to their limited statistics and overlapping energies, which was overcome by long-term data collection and a time-dependent analysis. A key achievement is the direct measurement of the 0.87 keV light yield, resulting from the cascade following electron capture decay of $$\mathrm {^{22}Na}$$ 22 Na from internal contamination. This measurement, previously accessible only indirectly, deepens our understanding of NaI(Tl) scintillator behavior in the region of interest for dark matter searches. This study holds substantial implications for background modeling and the interpretation of dark matter signals in NaI(Tl) experiments.
Published: 2024
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14. Measurement of branching-fraction ratios and CP asymmetries in B ± → D CP± K ± decays at Belle and Belle II

Author: The Belle and Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, P. K. Behera, K. Belous, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, P. Cheema, V. Chekelian, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, L. M. Cremaldi, T. Czank, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, A. De Yta-Hernandez, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, A. Garmash, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, A. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. C. Hill, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, S. Ito, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, H. Junkerkalefeld, H. Kakuno, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, P. Leitl, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, J. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, J. Libby, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, T. Luo, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, L. Martel, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, T. Nakano, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, I. Peruzzi, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, F. Pham, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, N. Rad, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, L. B. Rizzuto, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, J. Strube, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, N. Toutounji, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, S. Uehara, Y. Uematsu, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, G. S. Varner, K. E. Varvell, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, D. Wang, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, M. Welsch, C. Wessel, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, L. Zani, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík
Subjects: B Physics, CKM Angle Gamma, CP Violation, e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report results from a study of B ± → DK ± decays followed by D decaying to the CP-even final state K + K − and CP-odd final state K S 0 π 0 $$ {K}_S^0{\pi}^0 $$ , where D is an admixture of D 0 and D ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{D}}^0 $$ states. These decays are sensitive to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity-triangle angle ϕ 3. The results are based on a combined analysis of the final data set of 772 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and a data set of 198 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment, both in electron-positron collisions at the Υ(4S) resonance. We measure the CP asymmetries to be A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP+ = (+12.5 ± 5.8 ± 1.4)% and A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP− = (−16.7 ± 5.7 ± 0.6)%, and the ratios of branching fractions to be R $$ \mathcal{R} $$ CP+ = 1.164 ± 0.081 ± 0.036 and R $$ \mathcal{R} $$ CP− = 1.151 ± 0.074 ± 0.019. The first contribution to the uncertainties is statistical, and the second is systematic. The asymmetries A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP+ and A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP− have similar magnitudes and opposite signs; their difference corresponds to 3.5 standard deviations. From these values we calculate 68.3% confidence intervals of (8.5 ° < ϕ 3 < 16.5 ° ) or (84.5 ° < ϕ 3 < 95.5 ° ) or (163.3 ° < ϕ 3 < 171.5 ° ) and 0.321 < r B < 0.465.
Published: 2024
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15. An overview of cloud–radiation denial experiments for the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1

Author: B. E. Harrop, J. Lu, L. R. Leung, W. K. M. Lau, K.-M. Kim, B. Medeiros, B. J. Soden, G. A. Vecchi, B. Zhang, and B. Singh
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: The interaction between clouds and radiation is a key process within the climate system, and assessing the impacts of that interaction provides valuable insights into both the present-day climate and future projections. Many modeling experiments have been designed over the years to probe the impact of the cloud radiative effect (CRE) on the climate, including those that seek to disrupt the mean CRE effect and those that only disrupt the covariance of the CRE with the circulation. Seven such experimental designs have been added to the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) of the US Department of Energy. These experiments include both the first and second iterations of the Clouds On/Off Klimate Intercomparison Experiment (COOKIE) experimental design, as well as the cloud-locking method. This paper documents the code changes necessary to implement such experiments and also provides detailed instructions for how to run them. Analyses across experiment types provide valuable insights and confirm the findings of prior studies, including the role of cloud radiative heating toward intensifying the monsoon, intensifying rain rates, and poleward expansion of the general circulation owing to cloud feedbacks.
Published: 2024
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16. Sensitivity of the WRF-Chem v4.4 simulations of ozone and formaldehyde and their precursors to multiple bottom-up emission inventories over East Asia during the KORUS-AQ 2016 field campaign

Author: K.-M. Kim, S.-W. Kim, S. Seo, D. R. Blake, S. Cho, J. H. Crawford, L. K. Emmons, A. Fried, J. R. Herman, J. Hong, J. Jung, G. G. Pfister, A. J. Weinheimer, J.-H. Woo, and Q. Zhang
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: In this study, the WRF-Chem v4.4 model was utilized to evaluate the sensitivity of O3 simulations with three bottom-up emission inventories (EDGAR-HTAP v2 and v3 and KORUS v5) using surface and aircraft data in East Asia during the Korea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) campaign period in 2016. All emission inventories were found to reproduce the diurnal variations of O3 and its main precursor NO2 as compared to the surface monitor data. However, the spatial distributions of the daily maximum 8 h average (MDA8) O3 in the model do not completely align with the observations. The model MDA8 O3 had a negative (positive) bias north (south) of 30° N over China. All simulations underestimated the observed CO by 50 %–60 % over China and South Korea. In the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), EDGAR-HTAP v2 and v3 and KORUS v5 simulated the vertical shapes and diurnal patterns of O3 and other precursors effectively, but the model underestimated the observed O3, CO, and HCHO concentrations. Notably, the model aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were significantly underestimated with the three bottom-up emission inventories, although the KORUS v5 shows improvements. The model isoprene estimations had a positive bias relative to the observations, suggesting that the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) version 2.04 overestimated isoprene emissions. Additional model simulations were conducted by doubling CO and VOC emissions over China and South Korea to investigate the causes of the model O3 biases and the effects of the long-range transport on the O3 over South Korea. The doubled CO and VOC emission simulations improved the model O3 simulations for the local-emission-dominant case but led to the model O3 overestimations for the transport-dominant case, which emphasizes the need for accurate representations of the local VOC emissions over South Korea.
Published: 2024
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17. Improving the degradation and magnetization performance of FePC amorphous alloys by annealing treatment

Author: Z. G. Qi, Q. Chen, Z. X. Wang, Z. Q. Song, K. B. Kim, J. Pang, X. H. Zhang, and W. M. Wang
Subjects: Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract: Abstract The Fe80P x C20-x ingots and amorphous ribbons (4.5 ≤ x ≤ 6.5) are arc melted and melt spun respectively. The Rhodamine B degradation performance of as spun and annealed ribbons are investigated with various methods. In present alloys, increasing P content (c P) can inhibit the precipitation of primary α-Fe and graphite phases, and promote the formation of eutectic α-Fe + Fe3C + Fe3P phases in ingots and annealed ribbons. With increasing annealing temperature (T an), the primary α-Fe grain size of the ribbons with c P = 4.5 at.% increases gradually and that of the ribbons with c P = 6.5 at.% increases firstly and then decreases. The degradation performance and reusability of the ribbons show a similar T an-dependent behavior, which can be explained by the size effect of the galvanic cells. Meanwhile, the saturation magnetisation B s and coercivity H c of the ribbons with c P = 4.5 and 6.5 at.% increase with increasing T an, showing a near-linear change of the reaction rate constant k against ln (B s·H c). This work not only studies the mechanism of improving degradation performance for FePC amorphous alloys by annealing treatment, but also reveals a correlation between degradation performance and magnetization performance of FePC alloys.
Published: 2024
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18. Search for charged-lepton flavor violation in Υ(2S) → ℓ ∓ τ ± (ℓ = e, μ) decays at Belle

Author: The Belle collaboration, R. Dhamija, S. Nishida, A. Giri, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, D. M. Asner, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, Sw. Banerjee, M. Bauer, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, V. Bhardwaj, D. Biswas, D. Bodrov, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, M. Campajola, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, V. Chekelian, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, S. Das, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, P. Ecker, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B. G. Fulsom, R. Garg, V. Gaur, P. Goldenzweig, E. Graziani, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, C. Hadjivasiliou, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, M. T. Hedges, D. Herrmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, A. B. Kaliyar, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, Y.-T. Lai, S. C. Lee, D. Levit, P. Lewis, L. K. Li, L. Li Gioi, J. Libby, K. Lieret, Y.-R. Lin, D. Liventsev, Y. Ma, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, S. K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, I. Nakamura, M. Nakao, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Niiyama, N. K. Nisar, S. Ogawa, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, H. Park, J. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, N. Rout, G. Russo, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, W. Shan, C. Sharma, J.-G. Shiu, B. Shwartz, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, Z. S. Stottler, M. Sumihama, M. Takizawa, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, K. Trabelsi, M. Uchida, T. Uglov, Y. Unno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, S. E. Vahsen, K. E. Varvell, A. Vinokurova, D. Wang, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, S. Watanuki, E. Won, X. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. H. Yin, C. Z. Yuan, L. Yuan, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, and V. Zhukova
Subjects: Beyond Standard Model, e +-e − Experiments, Flavour Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report a search for the charged-lepton flavor violation in Υ(2S) → ℓ ∓ τ ± (ℓ = e, μ) decays using a 25 fb −1 Υ(2S) sample collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e − asymmetric-energy collider. We find no evidence for a signal and set upper limits on the branching fractions ( B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ ) at 90% confidence level. We obtain the most stringent upper limits: B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (Υ(2S) → μ ∓ τ ± ) < 0.23 × 10 −6 and B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (Υ(2S) → e ∓ τ ± ) < 1.12 × 10 −6.
Published: 2024
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19. Study of Smart Cities Based on Human Capital (Case of Russian Research-Driven Towns as Proto-Smart Cities)

Author: S. G. Kamolova, K. S. Kim, and N. D. Aleksandrov
Subjects: smart city, science city, research-driven city, technopolis, urbanism, information technology, social capital, smart nation, Management. Industrial management, HD28-70
Abstract: Existent philosophical literature has been largely focusing on the ethical aspects and controversies of developing and using smart technologies such as AI and big data, whereas human capital and infrastructural environment as pre-existing factors have been covered by AI Ethics in a lesser extent. Most of the current research focuses on technical infrastructural aspects in the implementation of complex «smart projects», while insufficient attention is paid to the role of social capital. In order to widen the focus and to include human capital and infrastructural developments coming along with the increasing role of AI, the paper takes a novel look at philosophical underpinnings of smart cities and discusses the concept of the Russian Naukograd (literally from Russian – City of Science, or Researchers’ city, meaning a city which is developing as a community of scientists and academics) as a historical approach for smart city concept implementation. The authors apply theoretical methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis) as well as the case study approach to the Russian (Soviet) experience in forming research-driven cities in order to highlight the value of high scientific, industrial and educational capital («smart nation») as a fundamental factor for the stable long-term development of modern cities. The findings suggest that some concepts of the Russian Naukograd for example the focus on research and education are valuable and that investment in social capital (i. e., people) should stand on the same footing as investment in technology developing a smart city. In this approach the prefix «smart» may stand for «smart citizens/nations» as a pivotal framework at the initial stages of smart cities development.
Published: 2024
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20. Torque Improvement and Magnetic Flux Leakage Reduction in Interior Permanent Magnet Axial Flux Motors With Flux Barrier Structure.

Author: Kyoungmin Kim, Myeong-Hwan Hwang, Hyungsuk K. D. Kim, and Hyun-Rok Cha
Published: 2024
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21. Considerations in Range of Motion Testing for Characterizing Spacesuit Mobility Capabilities

Author: Linh Q Vu, Christine Flaspohler, K Han Kim, and Sudhakar L Rajulu
Subjects: Man/System Technology and Life Support
Abstract: Mobility is a critical aspect for spacesuits as it directly influences how astronauts can perform tasks safely and efficiently, while wearing the pressurized suit. Spacesuit motion is dissimilar to human movement and consists of unique movement patterns as result of pressurization and the complex mechanical joint configurations. Thus, it is important to quantify the variations in suited movement patterns and the resulting performance of the wearer for the evaluation of the spacesuit itself and hardware interfaces such as payloads and tools. Traditionally, an individual body joint is assessed for the segment-wise range of motion. For example, the knee is measured through an isolated maneuvering of the joint between the max-to-max positions (e.g., flexion/extension), and the outcome represents the mobility capabilities. These measurements are often conducted using optical motion capture system with respect to anatomical planes. However, there are several considerations for range of motion assessments that are unique to the spacesuit. The purpose of this paper is to describe and provide examples of these additional challenges in representing spacesuit mobility capabilities. Specifically, joint mobility and the variations in suit movement patterns were investigated and compared between functional tasks and isolated range of motion measurements. Motion capture data from the next-gen spacesuit design verification testing was evaluated to compare isolated range of motion tasks to functional tasks, such as one-knee kneeling and squatting. The trajectories from the upper and lower body joint centers with respect to the spacesuit hardware were also calculated. Additionally, the joint trajectories for various functional tasks are presented and compared against the isolated range of motion measurements. In general, range of motion differs between isolated and functional tasks, where functional tasks may even induce greater joint angle excursions. Additionally, there is a large variation in joint range of motion across functional tasks. Combined with several relevant factors (spacesuit fit, physical strength, simulation facility, etc.), spacesuit mobility characterization efforts will need to incorporate the specific contexts, such as task demands and movement mechanisms, when evaluating range of motion assessments.
Published: 2024

22. Development of Weighout Process and Evaluations for Underwater Partial Gravity EVA Simulations

Author: Seyed Pouyan Sabahi, Zach Tejral, Christine Flaspohler, Linh Q Vu, Joseph Yao, K Han Kim, and Sudhakar L Rajulu
Subjects: Man/System Technology and Life Support
Abstract: For the upcoming Artemis lunar missions, astronauts will needto train in a spacesuit where partial gravity can be simulated such as NASA Neutral Buoyancy Lab (NBL). At the NBL, dive weights and foam can be added around the spacesuit to attaina satisfactory center of buoyancy (CB) and center of gravity (CG) location to simulate the lunar gravity (1/6thG) effects. If CG and CB are not co-located properly, incorrect righting moments can be introduced, and both simulation quality and EVA task performance can be impaired. Based on the findings from the initial testingusing xEMU spacesuits, it was observed that the weigh-out method (i.e., determination of the weights and foam quantities and position) needed further development to improve the simulation quality, especially for the subjects who experienced excessive instability. This paper aims to present the on-going effort to improve the weigh-out process for enabling NBL lunar EVA simulations. For this effort, a human-suit model was created to use suit CAD and 3D human body scansto estimate both CB and CG location for each suited subject. NBL weigh-out testing was performed to characterize the effects of CG and CB positioning, in which the 3D human-suit model was used to determine optimal weigh-out combinations of weights and foam. Postural, balance, and subjective feedback were gathered for each weigh-out configuration. The results indicated that, as the CB was shifted higher and the CB and CG located closer to each other, the subject tended to be more stable and their EVA performance improved. A high CB location was then prioritized across 4 additional subjects in both small and large size spacesuits. When compared to the initial xEMU test series, improved performance was observed across all subjects as the CB moved higher and aligned closer to the system CG.
Published: 2024

23. Changes in surface ozone in South Korea on diurnal to decadal timescales for the period of 2001–2021

Author: S.-W. Kim, K.-M. Kim, Y. Jeong, S. Seo, Y. Park, and J. Kim
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Several studies have reported an increasing trend of surface ozone in South Korea over the past few decades, using different measurement metrics. In this study, we examined the surface ozone trends in South Korea by analyzing the hourly or daily maximum 8 h average ozone concentrations (MDA8) measured at the surface from 2001 to 2021. We studied the diurnal, seasonal, and multi-decadal variations of these parameters at city, province, and background sites. We found that the fourth-highest MDA8 values exhibited positive trends in seven cities, nine provinces, and two background sites from 2001 to 2021. For the majority of sites, there was an annual increase of approximately 1–2 ppb. After early 2010, all sites consistently recorded MDA8 values exceeding 70 ppb, despite reductions in precursor pollutants such as NO2 and CO. The diurnal and seasonal characteristics of ozone exceedances, defined as the percentage of data points with hourly ozone concentrations exceeding 70 ppb, differed between the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) and the background sites. In the SMA, the exceedances were more prevalent during summer compared to spring, whereas the background sites experienced higher exceedances in spring than in summer. This indicates the efficient local production of ozone in the SMA during summer and the strong influence of long-range transport during spring. The rest of the sites showed similar exceedance patterns during both spring and summer. The peak exceedances occurred around 16:00–17:00 in the SMA and most locations, while the background sites primarily recorded exceedances throughout the night. During the spring of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021), ozone exceedances decreased at most locations, potentially due to significant reductions in NOx emissions in South Korea and China compared to the period of 2010–2019. The largest decreases in exceedances were observed at the background sites during spring. For instance, in Gosung, Gangwondo (approximately 600 m above sea level), the exceedances dropped from 30 % to around 5 % during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regional model simulations confirmed the concept of decreased ozone levels in the boundary layer in Seoul and Gangwon-do in response to emission reductions. However, these reductions in ozone exceedances were not observed in major cities and provinces during the summer of the COVID-19 pandemic, as the decreases in NOx emissions in South Korea and China were much smaller compared to spring. This study highlights the distinctions between spring and summer in the formation and transport of surface ozone in South Korea, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and modeling specific processes for each season or finer timescales.
Published: 2023
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24. Local BMP2 hydrogel therapy for robust bone regeneration in a porcine model of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

Author: Chi Ma, Min Sung Park, Felipe Alves do Monte, Vishal Gokani, Olumide O. Aruwajoye, Yinshi Ren, Xiaohua Liu, and Harry K. W. Kim
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is juvenile idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) that has no effective clinical treatment. Previously, local injection of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) for ONFH treatment showed a heterogeneous bone repair and a high incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO) due to the BMP2 leakage. Here, we developed a BMP2-hydrogel treatment via a transphyseal bone wash and subsequential injection of BMP2-loaded hydrogel. In vitro studies showed that a hydrogel of gelatin-heparin-tyramine retained the BMP2 for four weeks. The injection of the hydrogel can efficiently prevent leakage. With the bone wash, the injected hydrogel had a broad distribution in the head. In vivo studies on pigs revealed that the BMP2-hydrogel treatment produced a homogeneous bone regeneration without HO. It preserved the subchondral contour and restored the subchondral endochondral ossification, although it increased growth plate fusions. In summary, the study demonstrated a promising BMP2-hydrogel treatment for ONFH treatment, especially for teenagers.
Published: 2023
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25. Measurement of CP asymmetries and branching-fraction ratios for B ± → DK ± and Dπ ± with D → K S 0 $$ {K}_{\textrm{S}}^0 $$ K ± π ∓ using Belle and Belle II data

Author: The Belle and Belle II collaborations, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, J. Becker, P. K. Behera, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, V. Chekelian, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, L. M. Cremaldi, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, A. De Yta-Hernandez, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, A. Garmash, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, S. Hazra, M. T. Hedges, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, A. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. C. Hill, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, S. Ito, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, H. Junkerkalefeld, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, K. Lautenbach, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, P. Leitl, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, J. Libby, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, T. Luo, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, C. Marinas, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, I. Peruzzi, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, F. Pham, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, N. Rad, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, G. Schnell, M. Schnepf, C. Schwanda, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, G. S. Varner, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, M. Welsch, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, L. Zani, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík
Subjects: B Physics, CKM Angle Gamma, CP Violation, e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We measure CP asymmetries and branching-fraction ratios for B ± → DK ± and Dπ ± decays with D → K S 0 $$ {K}_{\textrm{S}}^0 $$ K ± π ∓, where D is a superposition of D 0 and D ¯ $$ \overline{D} $$ 0. We use the full data set of the Belle experiment, containing 772 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs, and data from the Belle II experiment, containing 387 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs, both collected in electron-positron collisions at the Υ(4S) resonance. Our results provide model-independent information on the unitarity triangle angle ϕ 3.
Published: 2023
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26. Search for B s 0 $$ {\textrm{B}}_{\textrm{s}}^0 $$ → ℓ ∓ τ ± with the semi-leptonic tagging method at Belle

Author: The Belle collaboration, L. Nayak, S. Nishida, A. Giri, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, S. Banerjee, M. Bauer, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, B. Bhuyan, D. Biswas, D. Bodrov, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, M. Campajola, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, J. Cochran, S. Das, N. Dash, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, D. Dossett, S. Dubey, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B. G. Fulsom, R. Garg, V. Gaur, P. Goldenzweig, E. Graziani, T. Gu, Y. Guan, S. Halder, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, M. T. Hedges, D. Herrmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, A. B. Kaliyar, T. Kawasaki, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. C. Lee, J. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, J. Libby, K. Lieret, Y.-R. Lin, D. Liventsev, T. Luo, Y. Ma, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, S. K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, I. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, N. K. Nisar, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, P. Oskin, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, T. Pang, S. Pardi, J. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, J.-G. Shiu, A. Sibidanov, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, M. Sumihama, T. Sumiyoshi, M. Takizawa, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, K. Trabelsi, M. Uchida, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, S. E. Vahsen, G. Varner, K. E. Varvell, A. Vinokurova, D. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, S. Watanuki, E. Won, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, J. Yelton, Y. Yook, C. Z. Yuan, L. Yuan, Y. Yusa, Y. Zhai, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, and V. Zhukova
Subjects: B Physics, e +-e − Experiments, Flavour Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present a search for the lepton-flavor-violating decays B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ → ℓ ∓ τ ± , where ℓ = e, μ, using the full data sample of 121 fb −1 collected at the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − collider. We use B s 0 B ¯ s 0 $$ {B}_s^0{\overline{B}}_s^0 $$ events in which one B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ meson is reconstructed in a semileptonic decay mode and the other in the signal mode. We find no evidence for B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ → ℓ ∓ τ ± decays and set upper limits on their branching fractions at 90% confidence level as B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ ( B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ → e ∓ τ ± ) < 14 × 10 −4 and B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ ( B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ → μ ∓ τ ± ) < 7.3 × 10 −4. Our result represents the first upper limit on the B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ → e ∓ τ ± decay rate.
Published: 2023
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27. Measurement of the e + e − → B s 0 B ¯ s 0 X $$ {B}_s^0{\overline{B}}_s^0X $$ cross section in the energy range from 10.63 to 11.02 GeV using inclusive D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ and D 0 production

Author: The Belle collaboration, V. Zhukova, R. Mizuk, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, Sw. Banerjee, M. Bauer, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, F. Bernlochner, M. Bessner, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, M. Campajola, L. Cao, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, S. Das, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, T. V. Dong, S. Dubey, P. Ecker, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B. G. Fulsom, V. Gaur, A. Garmash, A. Giri, P. Goldenzweig, T. Gu, K. Gudkova, C. Hadjivasiliou, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, S. Hazra, M. T. Hedges, D. Herrmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, Y. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, A. B. Kaliyar, T. Kawasaki, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, M. Laurenza, S. C. Lee, D. Levit, L. K. Li, J. Libby, K. Lieret, D. Liventsev, Y. Ma, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, S. K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, K. Miyabayashi, G. B. Mohanty, I. Nakamura, T. Nakano, M. Nakao, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, K. Ogawa, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, P. Oskin, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, T. Pang, S. Pardi, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, Y. Sakai, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, W. Shan, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, J.-G. Shiu, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, Z. S. Stottler, M. Sumihama, W. Sutcliffe, M. Takizawa, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, R. Tiwary, K. Trabelsi, M. Uchida, Y. Unno, S. Uno, Y. Usov, S. E. Vahsen, G. Varner, A. Vinokurova, D. Wang, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, O. Werbycka, E. Won, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, J. H. Yin, C. Z. Yuan, L. Yuan, Z. P. Zhang, and V. Zhilich
Subjects: B Physics, e +-e − Experiments, Quarkonium, Spectroscopy, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report the first measurement of the inclusive e + e − → b b ¯ $$ b\overline{b} $$ → D s ± $$ {D}_s^{\pm } $$ X and e + e − → b b ¯ $$ b\overline{b} $$ → D 0 / D ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{D}}^0 $$ X cross sections in the energy range from 10.63 to 11.02 GeV. Based on these results, we determine σ(e + e − → B s 0 B ¯ s 0 $$ {B}_s^0{\overline{B}}_s^0 $$ X) and σ(e + e − → B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ X) in the same energy range. We measure the fraction of B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ events at Υ(10860) to be f s = ( 22.0 − 2.1 + 2.0 $$ {22.0}_{-2.1}^{+2.0} $$ )%. We determine also the ratio of the B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ inclusive branching fractions B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ ( B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ → D 0 / D ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{D}}^0 $$ X)/ B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ ( B s 0 $$ {B}_s^0 $$ → D s ± $$ {D}_s^{\pm } $$ X) = 0.416 ± 0.018 ± 0.092. The results are obtained using the data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − collider.
Published: 2023
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28. Search for the double-charmonium state with η c J/ψ at Belle

Author: The Belle collaboration, J. H. Yin, Y. B. Li, E. Won, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, Sw. Banerjee, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, D. Bodrov, G. Bonvicini, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, J. Cochran, S. Das, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B. G. Fulsom, V. Gaur, A. Giri, P. Goldenzweig, E. Graziani, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, C. Hadjivasiliou, S. Halder, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, D. Herrmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, J. Kahn, A. B. Kaliyar, T. Kawasaki, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Lam, J. S. Lange, S. C. Lee, L. K. Li, Y. Li, J. Libby, K. Lieret, Y.-R. Lin, D. Liventsev, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, P. Oskin, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, N. Rout, G. Russo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, W. Shan, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, J.-G. Shiu, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, Z. S. Stottler, M. Sumihama, M. Takizawa, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, R. Tiwary, M. Uchida, T. Uglov, Y. Unno, S. Uno, Y. Usov, S. E. Vahsen, G. Varner, A. Vinokurova, D. Wang, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, S. Watanuki, O. Werbycka, X. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, Y. Yook, C. Z. Yuan, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, and V. Zhukova
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Exotics, QCD, Spectroscopy, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We measure the cross section of e + e − → η c J/ψ at the Υ(nS)(n = 1–5) on-resonance and 10.52 GeV off-resonance energy points using the full data sample collected by the Belle detector with an integrated luminosity of 955 fb −1. We also search for double charmonium production in e + e − → η c J/ψ via initial state radiation near the η c J/ψ threshold. No evident signal of the double charmonium state is found, but evidence for the e + e − → η c J/ψ process is found with a statistical significance greater than 3.3σ near the η c J/ψ threshold. The average cross section near the threshold is measured and upper limits of cross sections are set for other regions.
Published: 2023
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29. A Three Dimensional DRAM (3D DRAM) Technology for the Next Decades.

Author: K. S. Choi, S. H. Kim, J. W. Seo, H. S. Kang, S. W. Chu, S. W. Bae, J. H. Kwon, G. S. Kim, Y. T. Park, J. H. Kwak, D. I. Song, S. M. Park, Y. T. Kim, K. C. Jang, J. S. Cho, H. S. Lee, B. H. Lee, J. W. Park, J. H. Lee, H. H. Kwon, D. S. You, C. S. Hyun, J. J. Lee, S. C. Lee, I. D. Kim, J. H. Myung, H. S. Won, J. H. Chun, K. H. Kim, J. H. Kang, S. B. Kim, K. H. Lee, S. O. Chung, S. S. Kim, I. S. Jin, B. K. Lee, C. W. Kim, J. Park, and S. Y. Cha
Published: 2024
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30. Devices for express diagnostics of power semiconductor devices and semiconductor converters

Author: E. B. Koroleva, S. M. Kurmashev, K. K. Kim, A. A. Tkachuk, and A. A. Kuznetsov
Subjects: semiconductor device, express diagnostics, reverse current, communication resistors, analog-to-digital converter, methodical measurement error, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: The increase in the power of power semiconductor converters operated in the railway industry is associated with the use of group connections of power semiconductor devices in them, the variation in the parameters of which, and, therefore, their unequal load, causes a decrease in the reliability of the power semiconductor converters as a whole. In this regard, it becomes necessary to develop and implement innovative methods and devices for express diagnostics in order to identify potentially unreliable semiconductor devices, and the implementation of technical diagnostics should not be associated with dismantling the electrical circuits of the converters. The method is proposed for determining potentially unreliable power semiconductor devices in group connections based on the results of analyzing the distribution of reverse currents in parallel branches, which made it possible to create a series of devices for diagnosing power semiconductor devices in converters, both with and without communication resistors. The methodological error of measurements made using the developed express diagnostics devices of the transducers do not exceed the standard value equal to 10 %.
Published: 2023
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31. Search for lepton-flavor-violating τ decays into a lepton and a vector meson using the full Belle data sample

Author: The Belle collaboration, N. Tsuzuki, K. Inami, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, Sw. Banerjee, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, B. Bhuyan, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, D. Bodrov, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, M. Campajola, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, J. Cochran, S. Das, N. Dash, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, D. Dossett, S. Dubey, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B. G. Fulsom, V. Gaur, A. Giri, P. Goldenzweig, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, X. Han, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, M. T. Hedges, D. Herrmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, T. Kawasaki, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, M. Kumar, K. Kumara, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. C. Lee, J. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, J. Libby, K. Lieret, Y.-R. Lin, D. Liventsev, Y. Ma, A. Martini, M. Masuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, M. Nakao, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Niiyama, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, P. Oskin, G. Pakhlova, T. Pang, S. Pardi, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, W. Shan, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, J.-G. Shiu, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, M. Sumihama, T. Sumiyoshi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, M. Uchida, T. Uglov, Y. Unno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, G. Varner, A. Vinokurova, D. Wang, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, S. Watanuki, X. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, Y. Yook, L. Yuan, Y. Zhai, V. Zhilichand, and V. Zhukova
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Tau Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Charged-lepton-flavor-violation is predicted in several new physics scenarios. We update the analysis of τ lepton decays into a light charged lepton (ℓ = e ± or μ ± ) and a vector meson (V 0 = ρ 0, ϕ, ω, K *0, or K ¯ $$ \overline{K} $$ *0) using 980 fb −1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB collider. No significant excess of such signal events is observed, and thus 90% credibility level upper limits are set on the τ → ℓV 0 branching fractions in the range of (1.7–4.3) × 10 −8. These limits are improved by 30% on average from the previous results.
Published: 2023
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32. 3D Scanning System to Assess Gravity-Dependent Body Shape Changes

Author: K H Kim, S P Sabahi, D Nguyen, L Q Vu, and N Newby
Subjects: Man/System Technology and Life Support
Abstract: The human body shows unique physiological and morphological changes when exposed to different gravity conditions, including muscle atrophy, fluid shift, spinal elongation, and body posture adjustments. Such changes need to be incorporated for human-system integration in the vehicle habitat, garment, and spacesuit designs, as inaccurate body measurements can result in suboptimal crew protection that can potentially decrease injury tolerance. However, the traditional linear measurements, such as stature, segment lengths or circumferences measured using a caliper or tape measure, often show limited consistency and are unable to capture the nonlinear characteristics of the human body. While 3D body scanning can provide significant advantages over linear measurements, the technologies have not been fully developed or customized for in-flight scanning. For ground laboratory use, several different scanner types are commercially available. However, in-flight scanning requires additional technical considerations, such as minimal scan time, simplified calibration, and sufficient capture volume. This work aims to develop a prototype 3-D body scanning system that is customized for in-flight use to scan crewmembers, with the configuration and performance optimized for detecting known gravity-dependent body shape and posture changes. A hardware system will be custom built using a network of commercial off-the-shelf 3D sensors. The sensor parameters and settings will be optimized to detect the targeted body shape changes, specifically using body manikins of which the shape and size are iteratively permuted to simulate the known changes by fluid shift and spinal elongation. The capture volume will be also matched for a range of body sizes from a 1st percentile female to 99th percentile male. Unintentional body motions or floating in microgravity will be also simulated and incorporated. A data acquisition software will be developed for efficient in-flight operations with minimal overhead and easy-to-use user interface. A simplified calibration procedure will be designed for robust scanning against frequent vibration or unexpected sensor position shifts. The system will be tested in the ground laboratory for accuracy and reliability against a reference scanning system. New anthropometry measurements will be also identified to sensitively capture the gravity dependent body shape changes, in addition to the traditional anthropometry measurements. A novel landmark-based technique will be tested for consistent anthropometry measurements across posture variations. If successfully developed and deployed, the new system is expected to provide previously unavailable body shape and size data from different gravitational environments, including 0-g, 1/6-g, and 1-g. Such data can improve suit fit, habitat design, exercise efficacy quantification and sizing of orthostatic intolerance garments.
Published: 2024

33. Fat Phagocytosis Promotes Anti-Inflammatory Responses of Macrophages in a Mouse Model of Osteonecrosis

Author: Zhuo Deng, Harry K. W. Kim, Paula A. Hernandez, and Yinshi Ren
Subjects: osteonecrosis, macrophage, phagocytosis, necrotic fat, inflammation, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract: Osteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head (ONFH) is a devastating bone disease affecting over 20 million people worldwide. ONFH is caused by a disruption of the blood supply, leading to necrotic cell death and increased inflammation. Macrophages are the key cells mediating the inflammatory responses in ON. It is unclear what the dynamic phenotypes of macrophages are and what mechanisms may affect macrophage polarization and, therefore, the healing process. In our preliminary study, we found that there is an invasion of macrophages into the repair tissue during ON healing. Interestingly, in both ONFH patients and a mouse ON model, fat was co-labeled within macrophages using immunofluorescence staining, indicating the phagocytosis of fat by macrophages. To study the effects of fat phagocytosis on the macrophage phenotype, we set up an in vitro macrophage and fat co-culture system. We found that fat phagocytosis significantly decreased M1 marker expression, such as IL1β and iNOS, in macrophages, whereas the expression of the M2 marker Arg1 was significantly increased with fat phagocytosis. To investigate whether the polarization change is indeed mediated by phagocytosis, we treated the cells with Latrunculin A (LA, which inhibits actin polymerization and phagocytosis). LA supplementation significantly reversed the polarization marker gene changes induced by fat phagocytosis. To provide an unbiased transcriptional gene analysis, we submitted the RNA for bulk RNA sequencing. Differential gene expression (DGE) analysis revealed that the top upregulated genes were related to anti-inflammatory responses, while proinflammatory genes were significantly downregulated. Additionally, using pathway enrichment and network analyses (Metascape), we confirmed that gene-enriched categories related to proinflammatory responses were significantly downregulated in macrophages with fat phagocytosis. Finally, we validated the similar macrophage phenotype changes in vivo. To summarize, we discovered that fat phagocytosis occurs in both ONFH patients and an ON mouse model, which inhibits proinflammatory responses with increased anabolic gene expression in macrophages. This fat-phagocytosis-induced macrophage phenotype is consistent with the in vivo changes shown in the ON mouse model. Our study reveals a novel phagocytosis-mediated macrophage polarization mechanism in ON, which fills in our knowledge gaps of macrophage functions and provides new concepts in macrophage immunomodulation as a promising treatment for ON.
Published: 2024
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34. Magnetocardiography at rest predicts cardiac death in patients with acute chest pain

Author: N. Wessel, J. S. Kim, B. Y. Joung, Y. G. Ko, D. Dischl, A. Gapelyuk, Y. H. Lee, K. W. Kim, J. W. Park, and U. Landmesser
Subjects: sudden cardiac death, magnetocardiography, acute chest pain, Kaplan–Meier estimator, Cox regression model, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: IntroductionSudden cardiac arrest is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and remains a major public health problem for which better non-invasive prediction tools are needed. Primary preventive therapies, such as implantable cardioverter defibrillators, are not personalized and not predictive. Most of these devices do not deliver life-saving therapy during their lifetime. The individual relationship between fatal arrhythmias and cardiac function abnormalities in predicting cardiac death risk has rarely been explored.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the measurements at rest for 191 patients with acute chest pain (ACP) magnetocardiographically. Our recently introduced analyses are able to detect inhomogeneities of the depolarization and repolarization. Moreover, electrically silent phenomena—intracellular ionic currents as well as vortex currents—can be measured and quantified. All included ACP patients were recruited in 2009 at Yonsei University Hospital and were followed up until 2022.ResultsDuring half of the follow-up period (6.5 years), 11 patients died. Out of all the included nine clinical, eight magnetocardiographical, and nine newly introduced magnetoionographical parameters we tested in this study, three parameters revealed themselves to be outstanding at predicting death: heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) prolongation, depression of repolarization current IKr + IKs, and serum creatinine (all significant in Cox regression, p
Published: 2023
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35. Exploring coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering using reactor electron antineutrinos in the NEON experiment

Author: J. J. Choi, E. J. Jeon, J. Y. Kim, K. W. Kim, S. H. Kim, S. K. Kim, Y. D. Kim, Y. J. Ko, B. C. Koh, C. Ha, B. J. Park, S. H. Lee, I. S. Lee, H. Lee, H. S. Lee, J. Lee, Y. M. Oh, and NEON Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Neutrino elastic scattering observation with NaI (NEON) is an experiment designed to detect neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering using reactor electron antineutrinos. NEON is based on an array of six NaI(Tl) crystals with a total mass of 13.3 kg, located at the tendon gallery that is 23.7 m away from a reactor core with a thermal power of 2.8 GW in the Hanbit nuclear power complex. The installation of the NEON detector was completed in December 2020, and since May 2021, the detector has acquired data at full reactor power. Based on the observed light yields of the NaI crystals of approximately 22, number of photoelectrons per unit keV electron-equivalent energy (keVee), and 6 counts/kg/keV/day background level at 2–6 keVee energy, coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE $$\nu $$ ν NS) observation sensitivity is evaluated as more than 3 $$\sigma $$ σ assuming 1-year reactor-on and 100 days reactor-off data, 0.2 keVee energy threshold, and 7 counts/keV/kg/day background in the signal region of 0.2 $$-$$ - 0.5 keVee. This paper describes the design of the NEON detector, including the shielding arrangement, configuration of NaI(Tl) crystals, and associated operating systems. The initial performance and associated sensitivity of the experiment are also presented.
Published: 2023
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36. Two-particle angular correlations in e + e − collisions to hadronic final states in two reference coordinates at Belle

Author: The Belle collaboration, Y.-C. Chen, Y.-J. Lee, P. Chang, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan, T. Bilka, D. Bodrov, G. Bonvicini, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, A. Budano, M. Campajola, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, V. Chekelian, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, S. Das, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B. G. Fulsom, R. Garg, V. Gaur, N. Gabyshev, A. Garmash, A. Giri, P. Goldenzweig, E. Graziani, T. Gu, C. Hadjivasiliou, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, M. T. Hedges, D. Herrmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, K. H. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, P. Kodyš, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, Y.-J. Kwon, T. Lam, J. S. Lange, S. C. Lee, J. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, L. Li Gioi, J. Libby, C.-W. Lin, K. Lieret, D. Liventsev, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, S. K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, M. Nakao, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, M. Nayak, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, H. Park, S.-H. Park, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, N. Rout, G. Russo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, R. Seidl, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, J.-G. Shiu, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, Z. S. Stottler, J. F. Strube, M. Sumihama, T. Sumiyoshi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, K. Trabelsi, M. Uchida, T. Uglov, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, R. van Tonder, G. Varner, A. Vinokurova, A. Vossen, E. Waheed, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, E. Won, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. H. Yin, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, Y. Zhai, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, and V. Zhukova
Subjects: QCD, Quark Gluon Plasma, Relativistic Heavy Ion Physics, e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present the analysis of two-particle angular correlations using coordinate systems defined with the conventional beam axis and the event thrust axis. We propose the latter as a good representation for the correlation structure interpretation in the e + e − collision system. The e + e − collisions to hadronic final states at center-of-mass energies of s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 10.52 GeV and 10.58 GeV are recorded by the Belle detector at KEKB. In this paper, results on the first dataset are supplementary to the previous Belle publication [1]. At the same time, the latter is the first two-particle correlation measurement at collision energy on the Υ(4S) resonance and is sensitive to its decay products. Measurements are reported as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity. Finally, a qualitative understanding of the correlation structure is discussed using a combination of Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data.
Published: 2023
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37. Genetic diversity of capsid protein (p24) in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) variants circulating in the Russian Federation

Author: A. I. Kuznetsova, I. M. Munchak, A. V. Lebedev, A. S. Tumanov, K. V. Kim, A. A. Antonova, E. N. Ozhmegova, A. Yu. Pronin, E. V. Drobyshevskaya, E. V. Kazennova, and M. R. Bobkova
Subjects: hiv-1, sub-subtype a6, p24, mutations, polymorphism, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: Introduction. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protein p24 plays an important role in the life cycle of the virus, and also is a target for diagnostic tests and for new antiretroviral drugs and therapeutic vaccines. The most studied variant of HIV-1 in the world is subtype B. In Russia, the most common variant is A6, the spread of recombinant forms (CRF63_02A6, CRF03_A6B) is observed as well as circulation of G and CRF02_AG variants. However, a detailed study of the p24 protein in these variants has not yet been conducted. The aim was to study the features of the p24 protein in HIV-1 variants circulating in Russia and estimate the frequency of occurrence of pre-existing mutations associated with resistance to lenacapavir, the first antiretroviral drug in the class of capsid inhibitors. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were the nucleotide sequences obtained from the Los Alamos international database and clinical samples from HIV infected patients. Results and discussion. The features of HIV-1 variants circulating in Russia have been determined. V86A, H87Q, I91F are characteristic substitutions in A6 genome. It is shown that the presence of preexisting mutations associated with resistance to lenacapavir is unlikely. Conclusion. Features of the p24 protein in HIV-1 variants circulating in Russia allow them to be distinguished from others variants and among themselves. The prognosis for the use of lenacapavir in Russia is generally favorable. The results obtained could be taken into account in developing and using antiretroviral drugs and therapeutic vaccines.
Published: 2023
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38. The method of non-destructive measurement of power thyristor surge current

Author: G. N. Anisimov, K. K. Kim, A. A. Tkachuk, and A. Yu. Kuzmenko
Subjects: power thyristor, dynamic capacitance, surge current, non-destructive measurement, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: The article proposes a new method for the non-destructive measurement of one of the most important maximum permissible parameters of surge current power thyristors. The method is based on continuous control at each moment of time of the dynamic capacitance, the changing in the nature of the time dependence of which predicts the destruction of the semiconductor structure.
Published: 2023
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39. Spacesuit Center of Gravity Assessments for Partial Gravity EVA Simulation in an Underwater Environment.

Author: Linh Q. Vu, James H. Shaw, K. Han Kim, Elizabeth Benson, and Sudhakar L. Rajulu
Published: 2023
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40. Anthropometric Changes in Spaceflight.

Author: Karen S. Young, K. Han Kim, and Sudhakar L. Rajulu
Published: 2023
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41. Structure in context: A morphological view of whole network performance.

Author: K. Dennie Kim, Russell J. Funk, and Akbar Zaheer
Published: 2023
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42. Search for charged lepton flavor violating decays of ϒ (1S)

Author: The BELLE collaboration, S. Patra, V. Bhardwaj, K. Trabelsi, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, B. Bhuyan, T. Bilka, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, M. Campajola, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, A. Chen, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, S. Cunliffe, S. Das, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, R. Garg, V. Gaur, N. Gabyshev, A. Giri, P. Goldenzweig, E. Graziani, T. Gu, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, M. T. Hedges, M. Hernandez, Villanueva, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, Y. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, J. Kahn, A. B. Kaliyar, K. H. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, K. T. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, R. Kroeger, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, K. Lalwani, T. Lam, J. S. Lange, S. C. Lee, C. H. Li, J. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, L. Li Gioi, J. Libby, K. Lieret, D. Liventsev, A. Martini, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, D. Matvienko, M. Merola, F. Metzner, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, R. Mussa, M. Nakao, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, K. Ogawa, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, T. Pang, S. Pardi, H. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, V. Popov, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, M. Röhrken, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, T. Sanuki, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, J.-G. Shiu, B. Shwartz, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, Z. S. Stottler, J. F. Strube, M. Sumihama, T. Sumiyoshi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, M. Uchida, T. Uglov, Y. Unno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Usov, R. Van Tonder, G. Varner, A. Vinokurova, A. Vossen, E. Waheed, C. H. Wang, D. Wang, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, S. Watanuki, E. Won, X. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, H. Ye, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, Y. Zhai, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, V. Zhukova, and V. Zhulanov
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present a search for the charged lepton-flavor-violating decays ϒ(1S) → ℓ ± ℓ′∓ and radiative charged lepton-flavour-violating decays ϒ(1S) → γ ℓ ± ℓ′∓ [ℓ,ℓ′ = e, μ, τ] using the 158 million ϒ(2S) sample collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB collider. This search uses ϒ(1S) mesons produced in ϒ(2S) → π + π − ϒ(1S) transitions. We do not find any significant signal, so we provide upper limits on the branching fractions at the 90% confidence level.
Published: 2022
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43. The PERCIVAL detector: first user experiments

Author: J. Correa, M. Mehrjoo, R. Battistelli, F. Lehmkühler, A. Marras, C. B. Wunderer, T. Hirono, V. Felk, F. Krivan, S. Lange, I. Shevyakov, V. Vardanyan, M. Zimmer, M. Hoesch, K. Bagschik, N. Guerrini, B. Marsh, I. Sedgwick, G. Cautero, L. Stebel, D. Giuressi, R. H. Menk, A. Greer, T. Nicholls, W. Nichols, U. Pedersen, P. Shikhaliev, N. Tartoni, H. J. Hyun, S. H. Kim, S. Y. Park, K. S. Kim, F. Orsini, F. J. Iguaz, F. Büttner, B. Pfau, E. Plönjes, K. Kharitonov, M. Ruiz-Lopez, R. Pan, S. Gang, B. Keitel, and H. Graafsma
Subjects: x-ray detectors, soft x-rays, ptychography, holographic imaging, xpcs, detectors, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798, Crystallography, QD901-999
Abstract: The PERCIVAL detector is a CMOS imager designed for the soft X-ray regime at photon sources. Although still in its final development phase, it has recently seen its first user experiments: ptychography at a free-electron laser, holographic imaging at a storage ring and preliminary tests on X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The detector performed remarkably well in terms of spatial resolution achievable in the sample plane, owing to its small pixel size, large active area and very large dynamic range; but also in terms of its frame rate, which is significantly faster than traditional CCDs. In particular, it is the combination of these features which makes PERCIVAL an attractive option for soft X-ray science.
Published: 2023
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44. Measurement of two-photon decay width of χ c2(1P) in γγ → χ c2(1P) → J/ψγ at Belle

Author: The Belle collaboration, Y. Seino, K. Hayasaka, S. Uehara, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan, T. Bilka, D. Bodrov, G. Bonvicini, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, M. Campajola, D. Červenkov, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, V. Chekelian, A. Chen, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, H. E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, S. Das, G. De Pietro, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, T. V. Dong, D. Epifanov, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, B. G. Fulsom, R. Garg, V. Gaur, N. Gabyshev, A. Garmash, A. Giri, P. Goldenzweig, E. Graziani, C. Hadjivasiliou, H. Hayashii, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, K. K. Joo, H. Kakuno, K. H. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, P. Kodyš, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Lam, J. S. Lange, S. C. Lee, C. H. Li, J. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, L. Li Gioi, J. Libby, K. Lieret, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, F. Meier, M. Merola, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyata, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, M. Nakao, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, M. Niiyama, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, S. Pardi, H. Park, S.-H. Park, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, N. Rout, G. Russo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, T. Sanuki, V. Savinov, G. Schnell, J. Schueler, C. Schwanda, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, J.-G. Shiu, J. B. Singh, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, Z. S. Stottler, J. F. Strube, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, T. Sumiyoshi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, M. Uchida, T. Uglov, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, R. van Tonder, G. Varner, A. Vinokurova, E. Waheed, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, E. Won, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. H. Yin, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, Y. Zhai, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, V. Zhukova, and V. Zhulanov
Subjects: e +-e − Experiments, Quarkonium, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report the measurement of the two-photon decay width of χ c2(1P) in two-photon processes at the Belle experiment. We analyze the process γγ → χ c2(1P) → J/ψγ, J/ψ → ℓ + ℓ − (ℓ = e or μ) using a data sample of 971 fb −1 collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e − collider. In this analysis, the product of the two-photon decay width of χ c2(1P) and the branching fraction is determined to be Γ γγ χ c 2 1 P B χ c 2 1 P → J / ψγ B J / ψ → ℓ + ℓ − = 14.8 ± 0.3 stat . ± 0.7 syst . $$ {\Gamma}_{\gamma \gamma}\left({\chi}_{c2}(1P)\right)\mathcal{B}\left({\chi}_{c2}(1P)\to J/\psi \gamma \right)\mathcal{B}\left(J/\psi \to {\ell}^{+}{\ell}^{-}\right)=14.8\pm 0.3\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)\pm 0.7\left(\textrm{syst}.\right) $$ eV, which corresponds to Γ γγ (χ c2(1P)) = 653 ± 13(stat.) ± 31(syst.) ± 17(B.R.) eV, where the third uncertainty is from B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (χ c2(1P) → J/ψγ) and B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (J/ψ → ℓ + ℓ − ).
Published: 2023
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45. Tetraquark mixing supported by the partial decay widths of two light-meson nonets

Author: Hungchong Kim and K. S. Kim
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Recently, the tetraquark mixing framework has been proposed as a possible structure for the two light-meson nonets in the $$J^P=0^+$$ J P = 0 + channel, the light nonet composed of $$a_0(980)$$ a 0 ( 980 ) , $$K_0^*(700)$$ K 0 ∗ ( 700 ) , $$f_0(500)$$ f 0 ( 500 ) , $$f_0(980)$$ f 0 ( 980 ) , and the heavy nonet of $$a_0(1450)$$ a 0 ( 1450 ) , $$K_0^*(1430)$$ K 0 ∗ ( 1430 ) , $$f_0(1370)$$ f 0 ( 1370 ) , $$f_0(1500)$$ f 0 ( 1500 ) . Among various signatures, we report in this work that their partial decay widths collected from various experimental data in Particle Data Group (PDG) can support this mixing scheme also. In particular, we demonstrate that the couplings of the light nonet to two pseudoscalar mesons estimated from the partial widths are consistently stronger than those of the heavy nonet. This consistent feature agrees qualitatively well with the predictions from the tetraquark mixing framework and, therefore, provides supporting evidence for the tetraquark mixing.
Published: 2022
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46. Erratum to: Combined analysis of Belle and Belle II data to determine the CKM angle ϕ 3 using B+ → D( K S 0 $$ {\textrm{K}}_{\textrm{S}}^0 $$ h+h − )h+ decays

Author: The BELLE and Belle II collaborations, F. Abudinén, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, S. Al Said, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bacher, S. Baehr, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, J. Baudot, J. Becker, P. K. Behera, K. Belous, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, G. Bonvicini, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, D. Červenkov, P. Cheema, V. Chekelian, A. Chen, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, D. Cinabro, L. Corona, S. Cunliffe, T. Czank, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, G. de Marino, S. K. Maurya, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, A. De Yta-Hernandez, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dossett, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, S. Fiore, A. Fodor, F. Forti, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, R. Godang, P. Goldenzweig, B. Golob, W. Gradl, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, J. Guilliams, C. Hadjivasiliou, S. Halder, T. Hara, O. Hartbrich, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, I. Heredia de la Cruz, A. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. C. Hill, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, A. Ishikawa, M. Iwasaki, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, Y. Jin, H. Junkerkalefeld, A. B. Kaliyar, K. H. Kang, R. Karl, G. Karyan, Y. Kato, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, C. La Licata, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, R. Leboucher, S. C. Lee, P. Leitl, J. Li, S. X. Li, L. Li Gioi, J. Libby, K. Lieret, Z. Liptak, Q. Y. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, M. Maggiora, R. Maiti, S. Maity, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, S. Marcello, A. Martini, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, J. A. McKenna, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, H.-G. Moser, F. Mueller, C. Murphy, R. Mussa, K. R. Nakamura, T. Nakano, M. Nakao, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, K. Nishimura, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, P. Oskin, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, K. Parham, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, A. Pathak, S. Patra, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, L. Polat, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, A. Rabusov, P. Rados, S. Raiz, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, L. B. Rizzuto, S. H. Robertson, M. Röhrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, D. Sahoo, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, G. Schnell, J. Schueler, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, M. Shapkin, C. Sharma, T. Shillington, B. Shwartz, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, A. Soffer, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, S. Y. Suzuki, M. Tabata, M. Takizawa, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Uno, S. Uno, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, A. Vinokurova, L. Vitale, H. M. Wakeling, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, A. Warburton, S. Watanuki, O. Werbycka, C. Wessel, E. Won, B. D. Yabsley, W. Yan, H. Ye, K. Yoshihara, Y. Yusa, L. Zani, Y. Zhai, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, Q. D. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, and V. I. Zhukova
Subjects: Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published: 2022
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47. Design of small capacity meter with linear characteristic

Author: K. K. Kim, A. A. Tkachuk, and A. A. Kuznetsov
Subjects: capacitive sensor, dielectric constant, capacitance meter, linear measuring characteristic, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: We consider the small-capacity meter with its technical and metrological characteristics in this paper. The diagram of the functional generator and the voltage timing diagrams are given to study operation of the functional generator. The issues of using a capacity meter during the measurement of the parameters of the railway transport devices are considered.
Published: 2022
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48. Scaling of Memory Performance and Capacity with CXL Memory Expander.

Author: Sung Joo Park, H. Kim, K.-S. Kim, J. So, J. Ahn, W.-J. Lee, D. Kim, Young-Ju Kim 0003, J. Seok, J.-G. Lee, H.-Y. Ryu, C. Y. Lee, J. Prout, K.-C. Ryoo, S.-J. Han, M.-K. Kook, J. S. Choi, J. Gim, Y. S. Ki, S. Ryu, C. Park, D.-G. Lee, J. Cho, H. Song, and Jin-Yup Lee
Published: 2022
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49. Group Schema Therapy for Reducing Parenting Stress in Families with Children with Disabilities

Author: K. A. Kim and R. V. Kadyrov
Subjects: clinical psychology, parenting stress, group therapy, children with disabilities, schema-therapy, basic emotional needs, schema, modes, History of Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics, DK1-4735, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract: Parents experience stress that manifests itself as a negative reaction to the situation when the demands of being a parent exceed the expectations of oneself as a parent. Stress level in parents of children with disabilities is significantly higher than in standard families. Schema therapy is an effective psychological intervention for managing this stress. The paper reviews foreign and Russian publications on schema therapy for parents of children with special needs. The comparative analysis showed that schema-therapy approach might have higher efficacy in managing this type of stress than other popular psychotherapeutic approaches, e.g., CBT, MCT, PST, etc. These approaches often focus on teaching specific parenting skills or changing parents' behavior and attitude but leave behind their emotional well-being. Schema therapy develops effective parenting skills and behavioral practices while teaching emotion management strategies. A comprehensive schema therapy program may reduce stress in parents of children with disabilities.
Published: 2022
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50. New Perspective on Phase Space Density Analysis for Outer Radiation Belt Enhancements: The Influence of MeV Electron Injections

Author: H.‐J. Kim, K.‐C. Kim, S.‐J. Noh, L. Lyons, D.‐Y. Lee, and W. Choe
Subjects: relativistic electron enhancements, radiation belts, injections, MeV electrons, substorm, rapid electron enhancements, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract: Abstract Observation of growing phase space density (PSD) peak in the outer electron radiation belt has been considered evidence for local wave‐driven acceleration as a primary cause of radiation belt enhancement. However, recent studies showed that strong substorm‐associated MeV electron injections can also cause significant radiation belt enhancements on fast timescales (∼10s min). Such rapid enhancements pose challenges for determining true spatial PSD profiles. To address this, we conduct a detailed spatiotemporal analysis of electron flux and PSD during an enhancement event, using Van Allen Probes data. Our analysis reveals rapid and intermittent flux enhancements. During these rapid enhancements, inbound spacecraft observed false PSD peaks, due to spacecraft's relatively slow movement. However, we identify time intervals of stable fluxes between enhancements, enabling us to determine quasi‐stationary PSD profiles with no noticeable peaks. This study provides new insights into accurate PSD analysis, critical for understanding the mechanisms underlying radiation belt enhancements.
Published: 2023
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