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Infectious keratitis develops in 13.6% of eyes after keratoprosthesis (Kpro) implantation, with a similar rate of culture-positive bacterial and fungal keratitis. We report a case of 73-year old man who underwent Boston Kpro implantation in the left eye 2 years back. He presented with conjunctival discharge and a whitish growth over the bandage contact lens (BCL) for the past 2 weeks. Slit-lamp examination showed a whitish elevated growth with surrounding diffuse brownish feathery seeding all over the BCL. The BCL which was sent for culture grew fungus. The underlying Kpro was clear with no evidence of any active infiltrate. The patient was started on topical antifungal eye drops and was followed up for 12 months with no recurrence of infection. Educating the patient to be sensitive and to report immediately if they note any abnormality is as important as cleaning or replacing the BCL on a regular basis.

Purpose: To describe a simple manual surgical technique for splitting a single-donor eye for performing both deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) without using a microkeratome. Methods: Twenty-three eyes with anterior stromal pathology and 23 eyes with irreversible endothelial dysfunction were evaluated for keratoplasty at a tertiary eye care referral center. Twenty-three healthy donor corneas were split into two parts. The Descemet's membrane was stripped and used for DMEK. The stripped stroma was used for DALK. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of both DALK and DMEK, endothelial cell density, and endothelial cell loss in DMEK were noted at 1-year follow-up, along with any intraoperative or postoperative complications and failures. Results: In the DALK group, mean BCVA improved from 1.264 ± 0.25 log Mar preoperatively to 0.355 ± 0.27 log Mar at 12 months follow-up. There were no complications and failures. In the DMEK group, mean BCVA improved from 1.537 ± 0.61 log Mar preoperatively to 0.592 ± 0.67 log Mar and the mean donor ECD was 3071.66 (range, 2783–3487) cells/mm2 preoperatively, which was reduced to 1989.33 (range, 1546–2543) cells/mm2 at 12 months follow-up indicating a mean endothelial cell loss of 35%. The failure rate was 21.7%. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that with a single donor corneal tissue, both DALK and DMEK can be performed successfully without any complications. Our technique will help corneal surgeons in all developing countries to cost effectively perform more lamellar surgeries and help in reducing the magnitude of corneal blindness without the need for expensive microkeratomes.

A donor corneo-scleral button was dissected into four parts using a simple manual technique. The anterior corneal lamellae was stripped from the Descemet's Membrane (DM) and Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) was performed in a patient with advanced keratoconus after removing the recipient's stroma using the big bubble technique. Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) was done with the stripped donor DM in a patient with Fuch's endothelial dystroph (FECD). The cadaveric limbal stem cells from the tissue were used for simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) in a Steven- Johnson Syndrome (SJS) with localized limbal stem deficiency and symblepharon. The sclera was used to revise a leaking hypotonus bleb in an advanced single-eyed glaucoma patient. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. At 1 year, all the 4 cases retained healthy transplanted tissues with good visual outcomes. Shortage of donor eyes is a global problem and with the present COVID-19 scenario the situation is bound to worsen. The advent of customized component corneal transplantation using simple cost-effective techniques will be the future trend in the years to come.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate 2-year clinical outcome after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in a variety of endothelial dysfunctions using a standardized protocol. Methods: From a group of 230 eyes which underwent DMEK for Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), aphakic and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, failed full thickness corneal transplants, ICE syndrome, failed DSEK, and TASS the clinical outcomes [best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), central endothelial cell density (ECD)] were evaluated before, and at 6, 12, and 24 months and the success rate, failure rate and postoperative complications were also analyzed. Results: Out of 230 eyes, 144 eyes (70%) had BSCVA 6/9 or better 2 years postoperatively. Mean donor ECD was 2692.23 (range, 2300–3436) cells/mm2 preoperatively, which was reduced to 1433.64 (range, 619.0–2272.0) cells/mm2 2 years after DMEK surgery, indicating a mean reduction of 1258 cells/mm2 (46%) in ECD. Conclusion: DMEK is a highly successful surgical procedure when following a standard protocol for treating diseases of the corneal endothelium providing a near perfect anatomic restoration and a high degree of visual rehabilitation.

Epithelial iris cysts still comprise a mystery with regard to pathogenesis, modes of presentation, and response to treatment. Here, we report an 8-year-old boy who presented with a pearly white iris cyst, 2-year postcorneal tear repair. After Anterior segment optical coherence tomography confirmation, an en block resection of the cyst was done. Eleven months later the patient presented with recurrence of the iris cyst. This recurrence was due to incomplete removal of the epithelial tissue lining the pearly cyst. Ultrasound bio-microscopy (UBM) was done to delineated the posterior extent of the cyst, and a sector iridectomy with a 4 mm margin around the cyst was done. Our case reinforces the fact that delineating the extent of these iris cysts posteriorly with UBM is mandatory in all cases, and it provides a basis for surgical resection for favorable visual outcomes.

Here, we report the case of a 28-year-old male patient who underwent uncomplicated laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in both eyes 10 days earlier and came with complaints of blurring of vision in the left eye with vision of 20/20. The patient gave a history of not tapering steroids as advised. His intraocular pressure (IOP) measured with rebound tonometer was 15 mmHg in the right eye and 25 mmHg in the left eye. On slit-lamp examination, the LASIK flap was intact in both the eyes, but the cornea appeared hazy in the left eye. Optical coherence tomography shows a central thickness of 524 μ in the left eye. The patient was diagnosed to have pressure-induced stromal keratopathy. The patient was switched to low-potency steroids, and anti-glaucoma drugs were given. On follow-up on slit-lamp examination, there was a significant decrease in haze in the left eye clear vision of 20/20 in both the eyes. It is important to recognize and treat PISK appropriately, as untreated elevated IOP can lead to optic nerve damage even over a brief period of several weeks.

Purpose: To report a series of patients who underwent simultaneous wavefront guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) followed by corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for post lasik ectasia. Methods: Two patients with corneal ectasia who underwent wavefront guided (iDesign Advanced Wave Scan Studio) PRK (STAR S4 IR ) immediately followed by CXL (AVEDRO) were included. Patient's Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, keratometry, pachymetry, corneal topography (Oculus Pentacam), were analyzed till 36 months of follow up. Results: 2 eyes had an improvement to UDVA of 20/20 at last follow-up. At 3 years follow up all the 2 eyes are topographically and visually stable maintaining 20/20. Conclusion: Simultaneous wavefront-guided PRK and CXL is effective and safe in achieving both visual quality improvement and topographic stability which is maintained in long term .This technique may offer an alternative and effective method to treat iatrogenic corneal ectasia.

We describe the ocular alterations and the management after stings from Hymenopteran insects. In all the five patients, the insect was identified as bee. The patients presented with significant corneal edema, which resolved dramatically in three of them after removal of stingers. Among the other two one went for permanent corneal decompensation and the other developed Intumuscent cataract with increased intraocular pressure. Although a rare occurrence, ocular trauma caused by Hymenopteran insects has a potential to cause severe ocular damage in humans. A high level of clinical suspicion and immediate removal of the stingers along with administration of high doses of topical and systemic steroids is a must to prevent chances of permanent corneal damage and intraocular complications.