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This endeavour also entails developing novel materials for composites that are superior to existing composites. Lapox L-12 resin, E glass fibre material, and cerium oxide, which are the rare earth material family member in the periodic table. The combination of these materials was utilised to investigate the wear loss, and surface roughness in a dry sliding wear in two conditions: with and without postcuring (at 100oC for 60 minutes) with process parameters such as percentage of filler material, normal load and sliding speed. The experiments were planned according to L16 orthogonal array based on Taguchi design. Results reveal that wear loss and surface roughness is minimum in post-cured glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites compoared to without post-cured specimens. The optimum process parameters level for minimum wear loss of post-cured GFRP composites, optimum process parameters are percentage of filler material is 20%, load is 15N and sliding speed is 0.25 m/s.

Due to their cost effectiveness, greater strength and ease of fabrication, polymer composites are noticeable candidate almost in all areas. However, when they are used in their original form they possess very low wear resistance and hardness. The present investigation gives information on mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites where LDPE (Low density polyethylene) is used as polymer matrix and TiO2, Al2O3 and CaCO3 are used as reinforcements. The samples were prepared according to ASTM standards by injection moulding machine with varying percentage of reinforcements in polymer matrix. Tests viz., tensile, flexural impact are carried out.

In the current work the Al-Si composite is prepared using stir casting method with variation in the percentage(4%, 6% and 8%) of the Si particles in it. stir casting method is one of the cheapest method for production of Al alloys. The prepared composites of different percentages of Si are investigated for it wears behaviour using Pin-on-Disk machine and other properties like hardness. Characterization of Worn surface of the composite is done using SEM. Among the metallic matrices, the aluminum-based matrix remains the most studied metal matrix material for the production of MMCs. This is largely due to the large variety of properties provided by aluminum-based matrix composites at low manufacturing costs. While many Metal Matrix Composites ( MMCs) are desirable for use in various industrial applications, Aluminum Matrix Composites ( AMCs) are the most commonly used in specialized applications because they combine reasonable strength, low density, durability, machinability, availability, performance and price. In aerospace applications, the excellent tribological characteristics of Al-Si and Al-Sn alloys have led to their widespread use, especially in plain bearings, cylinder liners and internal combustion pistons. It is seen that Si is uniformly distributed in the Al matrix and hardness increases to 71BHN with 8%Si in Al matrix. Further analysis revealed that the microstructure homogeneity of the samples is strongly affected its hardness and Wear rate decreases with increase in Si.

The researchers are quite concentrating at the hybrid materials. this is mainly due to their applicable benefits have they offer low density, low cost,etc., an experimental investigation was conducted to study the effect of hematite ore and volume fraction on Tensile Strength, Hardness, Impact Strength of Hybrid composite. General Purpose resin or Orthophthalic resin, E-Glass fiber, and Hematite ore are the constitute of hybrid composite. Specimen was cut from the fabricated laminate according to the ASTM standard for different experiments for tensile test, hardness test, and impact test. The laminates are prepared by varying the volume fraction (6%, 8%, 10 %,). The results shown that the incorporation of hematite ore has a strong influence on the properties.

Hepatocellular carcinoma, a fatal liver cancer, affects 600 000 people annually and ranks third in cancer-related lethality. In this work we report the synthesis and related biological activity of novel dihydropyrimidones. Among the tested compounds, 5-acetyl-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (4g) was found to be most active towards the HepG2 cell line (IC50 = 17.9 μM), being at the same time 7.6-fold selective over normal (LO2) liver cells (IC50 = 136.9 μM). Subsequently, we identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ as a target of compound 4g using an in silico approach, and confirmed this mode-of-action experimentally.

This paper describes the mechanical characterization of particulate filled hybrid composites. The work is carried out to know the influence of filler material and to fabricate a new class of composites. The filler material is varied based on weight fraction i.e. 1%, 2% &3%. The mechanical properties such as Tensile, Flexural & Rockwell hardness are compared with unfilled composite. The testing is conducted as per the ASTM standards. The rare earth material is used as the filler material. Among the four different class of composites, the composite C3 had better results.

Composite materials for the most part depicted as the mixes of two or more materials that outcome in the unmistakable properties than that of guard materials. Fibre strengthened plastics have been all around utilized for get-together flying machine and transport key parts as a delayed consequence of their specific mechanical and physical properties, for example, high particular quality and high particular robustness. Another pertinent application for fibre maintained polymeric composites (particularly glass fibre strengthened plastics) is in the electronic business, in which they are utilized for passing on printed wiring sheets. The utilization of polymer composite materials is winding up being powerfully essential. The present work delineates the change and mechanical portrayal of new polymer composites including glass fibre fortress, epoxy and maple cellulose fibre. The starting late made composites are delineated for their mechanical properties. The composite spreads were set up by utilizing hand layup framework. The experiments were conducted on and studied the effect of post curing on hybrid composites. The result reveals that the samples only with natural fibre have more promising results compared with synthetic fibre. The synthetic fibres get wrinkled due to post curing were as no such visuals in the natural fibres.

To test the hypothesis that fluconazole plus standard care is superior to the standard care for diabetic foot wounds infected with deep-seated fungal infections.We carried out a randomized, controlled, open-label, parallel-arm study in 75 patients with both fungal and bacterial infections in deep tissues of diabetic foot wounds. Thirty-seven patients (control group) were given standard care (surgical debridement + culture-specific antibiotics + offloading + glycaemic control) and 38 patients (treatment group) were given fluconazole 150 mg daily plus standard care. Wound surface area was measured every 2 weeks until the endpoints (complete epithelialization or skin grafting) were met.By week 4, the mean wound surface area reduced to 27.3 from 111.5 cm(2) in the treatment group, as opposed to 67.1 from 87.3 cm(2) in the control group. Subsequently, the mean wound surface areas were remarkably smaller in the treatment group compared with the control group, and statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in mean wound surface area were observed between the treatment group and the control group at week 6. However, no statistically significant (P ≤ 0.47) difference in complete healing was observed between the treatment group and the control group, 20 vs. 24. The mean wound healing time for the treatment group was 7.3 weeks, whereas for the control group it was 11.3 weeks (P ≤ 0.022). Similarly, the probability of wound healing in the treatment group was 50 vs. 20% in the control group at week 10.Fluconazole plus standard care was superior to standard care alone in accelerating wound reduction among patients with diabetes with deep-seated fungal infections in diabetic foot wounds. Those in the treatment group who did heal, healed more quickly (P ≤ 0.022), but overall healing was not different.

Algebraic criteria for existence of scalar linear network codes to satisfy a set of connection requirements has been discussed extensively by Koetter and Medard. Solving for a network code is now known to be equivalent to solving a system of polynomial equations obtained by assigning variables to edges in the line graph of the network and computing a suitable transfer function. An alternative formulation for arriving at an equivalent system of polynomial equations is given in this paper based on the decomposition of the original network into trees, which we call “information flow trees”. The basic idea is to exploit the graph structure and assign variables suitably. Interestingly, the information flow tree approach results in only linear and degree-2 equations that can be simplified considerably in directed acyclic networks as shown in prior work. In this article, we provide an alternative derivation of the information flow tree approach that results in two further extensions to networks with cycles. The first extension is to flow acyclic solutions on any directed cyclic network. The second extension is to cyclic networks where all strongly connected components are simple cycles. Here the degree of the equations we are left to solve is limited to 4.

This study used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting for estimating genetic variation and species differentiation in three species of tilapia. A 16-mer random primer generated RAPD markers ranging from 250 to 2400 base pairs (bp). Genetic similarity estimates obtained by pairwise comparisons based on the method of Nei and Li (1979) indicated high genetic similarity (mean genetic similarity (± sd), 0.73 (± 0.15) for Nile tilapia; 0.78 (± 0.12) for Mozambique tilapia; and 0.87 (± 0.07) for Aureus tilapia) within each of the tilapia species. The average interspecies genetic similarities obtained among the three species were 0.59 (± 0.07) for Mozambique/Nile tilapia, 0.46 (± 0.09) for Aureus/Nile tilapia and 0.38 (± 0.07) for Aureus/Mozambique tilapia pair. DNA profiles generated in each species of tilapia were unique. A total of 13 RAPD markers differentiating the three species of tilapia were detected. Our study presented RAPD markers as a new class of useful genetic markers for assessment of genetic diversity and species differentiation in tilapia.

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) generated using arbitrary primers of 9, 10, 16 and 20 nucleotide lengths by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was investigated in 12 species of fishes. We found that the amplification products were best resolved by Urea-SDS-PAGE and detected by silver staining. The amplification products ranged from 25 to 75 depending on the primer and template combination. The random primers generated unique fingerprints for each species of fish in terms of number and position of RAPDs. Our results showed that the fish species can be distinguished from each other by RAPDs. The complexity of the RAPDs in the fingerprints may be manipulated to suit the requirement of the study. The use of RAPD in taxonomy, fishery management and fish culture is discussed.