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1. EEG pre-burst suppression: characterization and inverse association with preoperative cognitive function in older adults

Author

Melody Reese, Soren Christensen, Harel Anolick, Kenneth C. Roberts, Megan K. Wong, Mary Cooter Wright, Leah Acker, Jeffrey N. Browndyke, Marty G. Woldorff, Miles Berger, the MADCO-PC and INTUIT Investigators, O Akinyemi, CL Amundsen, P Avasarala, M Barber, R Beach, S Bengali, E Bennett, A Berchuck, MF Berry, DG Blazer, MP Bolognesi, R Brassard, BE Brigman, JN Browndyke, M Bullock, T Bunning, A Burke, V Cai, J Carter, J Chapman, C Chen, V Cheong, S Christensen, HJ Cohen, B Colin, C Colon-Emeric, M Cooter, M Cox, D Crabtree, B Davidson, JK DeOrio, M Devinney, TA D’Amico, ME Easley, E Ehieli, T Ellett, D Erdmann, RM Esclamado, M Ferrandino, B Funk, J Gadsden, J Gardner, G Garrigues, C Giattino, DT Gold, S Grant, R Greenup, J Guercio, DK Gupta, A Habib, RK Hallows, DH Harpole, SM Harris, MG Hartwig, L Havrilesky, T Henley, C Holland, ST Hollenbeck, J Hu, R Huang, E Iboaya, BA Inman, DW Jang, J Kaisen, A Kawasaki, A Khan, J Klapper, S Lagoo-Deenadayalan, DT Laskowitz, PS Lee, WT Lee, J Lemm, H Levinson, ME Lipkin, H Litchfield, CR Mantyh, E Marlor, KT Martucci, J Mathew, C Maxwell, DL McDonagh, J Migaly, SK Mithani, E Moretti, P Mosca, J Moul, D Murdoch, MF Newman, K Ni, T Novick, B Ohlendorf, S Olson, MW Onaitis, D Oyeyemi, TN Pappas, GL Pellom, AN Perez, AC Peterson, A Podgoreanu, TJ Polascik, P Potash, GM Preminger, R Previs, Q Quinones, EN Rampersaud, A Ray, A Renne, K Roberts, CN Robertson, SA Roman, S Runyon, E Sanders, A Sandler, F Sbahi, CD Scales, RP Scheri, K Seymour, S Smani, SK Smith, M Stang, S Stanley, K Sweeney, A Syed, A Szydlowska, L Talbot, N Terrando, JKM Thacker, J Thomas, BC Tong, Y Toulgoat-Dubois, A Tu, SN Vaslef, N Waldron, X Wang, DS Warner, K Weinhold, SS Wellman, H Whitson, T Wickenheisser, D Williams, M Woldorff, MK Wong, C Young, and S Zani

Subjects
burst suppression, perioperative, anesthesia, non-cardiac surgery, EEG, postoperative delirium, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

The most common complication in older surgical patients is postoperative delirium (POD). POD is associated with preoperative cognitive impairment and longer durations of intraoperative burst suppression (BSup) – electroencephalography (EEG) with repeated periods of suppression (very low-voltage brain activity). However, BSup has modest sensitivity for predicting POD. We hypothesized that a brain state of lowered EEG power immediately precedes BSup, which we have termed “pre-burst suppression” (preBSup). Further, we hypothesized that even patients without BSup experience these preBSup transient reductions in EEG power, and that preBSup (like BSup) would be associated with preoperative cognitive function and delirium risk. Data included 83 32-channel intraoperative EEG recordings of the first hour of surgery from 2 prospective cohort studies of patients ≥age 60 scheduled for ≥2-h non-cardiac, non-neurologic surgery under general anesthesia (maintained with a potent inhaled anesthetic or a propofol infusion). Among patients with BSup, we defined preBSup as the difference in 3–35 Hz power (dB) during the 1-s preceding BSup relative to the average 3–35 Hz power of their intraoperative EEG recording. We then recorded the percentage of time that each patient spent in preBSup, including those without BSup. Next, we characterized the association between percentage of time in preBSup and (1) percentage of time in BSup, (2) preoperative cognitive function, and (3) POD incidence. The percentage of time in preBSup and BSup were correlated (Spearman’s ρ [95% CI]: 0.52 [0.34, 0.66], p < 0.001). The percentage of time in BSup, preBSup, or their combination were each inversely associated with preoperative cognitive function (β [95% CI]: −0.10 [−0.19, −0.01], p = 0.024; −0.04 [−0.06, −0.01], p = 0.009; −0.04 [−0.06, −0.01], p = 0.003, respectively). Consistent with prior literature, BSup was significantly associated with POD (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.34 [1.01, 1.78], p = 0.043), though this association did not hold for preBSup (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.04 [0.95, 1.14], p = 0.421). While all patients had ≥1 preBSup instance, only 20.5% of patients had ≥1 BSup instance. These exploratory findings suggest that future studies are warranted to further study the extent to which preBSup, even in the absence of BSup, can identify patients with impaired preoperative cognition and/or POD risk.

Published
2023
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2. Adoption and use of a semi-gasifier cooking and water heating stove and fuel intervention in the Tibetan Plateau, China

Author

S Clark, E Carter, M Shan, K Ni, H Niu, J T W Tseng, S K Pattanayak, M Jeuland, J J Schauer, M Ezzati, C Wiedinmyer, X Yang, and J Baumgartner

Subjects
adoption, China, household air pollution, solid fuel, stove stacking, uptake, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Improved cookstoves and fuels, such as advanced gasifier stoves, carry the promise of improving health outcomes, preserving local environments, and reducing climate-forcing air pollutants. However, low adoption and use of these stoves in many settings has limited their benefits. We aimed to improve the understanding of improved stove use by describing the patterns and predictors of adoption of a semi-gasifier stove and processed biomass fuel intervention in southwestern China. Of 113 intervention homes interviewed, 79% of homes tried the stove, and the majority of these (92%) continued using it 5–10 months later. One to five months after intervention, the average proportion of days that the semi-gasifier stove was in use was modest (40.4% [95% CI 34.3–46.6]), and further declined over 13 months. Homes that received the stove in the first batch used it more frequently (67.2% [95% CI 42.1−92.3] days in use) than homes that received it in the second batch (29.3% [95% CI 13.8−44.5] days in use), likely because of stove quality and user training. Household stove use was positively associated with reported cooking needs and negatively associated with age of the main cook, household socioeconomic status, and the availability of substitute cleaner-burning stoves. Our results show that even a carefully engineered, multi-purpose semi-gasifier stove and fuel intervention contributed modestly to overall household energy use in rural China.

Published
2017
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4. Effectiveness of Virtual Reality-based Rehabilitation and High-intensity Exercise Program for Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Author

K Nishitha, A Anitha, and D Thaheera

Subjects
degenerative joint disease, functional independence, knee joint, osteoarthritis, virtual reality, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Progression of articular cartilage loss and wear and strain are the usual causes of Osteoarthritis (OA), sometimes referred to as degenerative joint disease. India had roughly 200,000 knee arthroplasty procedures in 2020 in which nearly 72% were because of OA. Rebuilding the knee joint through knee arthroplasty is a great alternative for treating symptomatic OA in patients who have not responded to conservative treatment. Aim: To determine the effect of Virtual Reality (VR)- based rehabilitation and high-intensity exercise program for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Materials and Methods: In this double-blinded randomised controlled trial, 36 participants matched the inclusion criteria who underwent Total Knee Replacement (TKR) at the Department of Physiotherapy, Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The study was started in the month of October 2023 and ended in January 2024. Then the participants were randomly allotted to an experimental group-VR (n=18) and a conventional group-high-intensity exercises (n=18). Outcome measures used are the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) pain scale, knee range of motion, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. A paired t-test was utilised to evaluate significant variations between the pre- and post-test measurements. In order to find any meaningful differences between the two groups, an unpaired t-test was employed. Result: The average mean±Standard Deviation (SD) of age and Body Mass Index (BMI) was found to be 51.2±5.2 yearsand 28.3±2.0 kg/m². The experimental group and the conventional group both exhibited notable changes in terms of within-group differences. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) significantly showed the same between the groups, but the range of motion showed better output in VR-based rehabilitation than indifferently supporting the pain outcome of the experimental group (p≥0.0001). Balance, gait and functional activities were improved in the experimental group compared to the conventional group and in the VR-based rehabilitation, the functional independence of the patient was achieved in nine weeks compared to the High-intensity (HI) exercises. Conclusion: The VR-based rehabilitation showed better outcomes in pain, range of motion, balance, gait and functional independence than a high-intensity exercise programme.

Published
2024
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5. $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn emanation measurements for the XENON1T experiment

Author

XENON Collaboration, E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, F. D. Amaro, V. C. Antochi, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, F. Arneodo, D. Barge, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, L. Bellagamba, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, B. Cimmino, M. Clark, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, A. Depoian, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, G. Eurin, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, L. Grandi, M. Garbini, C. Hasterok, C. Hils, K. Hiraide, L. Hoetzsch, E. Hogenbirk, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, F. Joerg, N. Kato, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, E. López Fune, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, A. Molinario, K. Morå, S. Moriyama, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, K. Odgers, J. Palacio, B. Pelssers, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qin, H. Qiu, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, N. Šarčević, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, M. Vargas, G. Volta, O. Wack, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, J. Westermann, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, J. Ye, G. Zavattini, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu, and J. P. Zopounidis

Subjects
QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798, Astrophysics
Abstract

The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of utmost importance for the success of low-energy rare event search experiments. Besides radioactive contaminants in the bulk, the emanation of radioactive radon atoms from material surfaces attains increasing relevance in the effort to further reduce the background of such experiments. In this work, we present the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn emanation measurements performed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Together with the bulk impurity screening campaign, the results enabled us to select the radio-purest construction materials, targeting a $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration of $$10\,\mathrm{\,}\upmu \mathrm{Bq}/\mathrm{kg}$$ 10 μ Bq / kg in $$3.2\,\mathrm{t}$$ 3.2 t of xenon. The knowledge of the distribution of the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn sources allowed us to selectively eliminate problematic components in the course of the experiment. The predictions from the emanation measurements were compared to data of the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration in XENON1T. The final $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration of $$(4.5\pm 0.1)\,\mathrm{\,}\upmu \mathrm{Bq}/\mathrm{kg}$$ ( 4.5 ± 0.1 ) μ Bq / kg in the target of XENON1T is the lowest ever achieved in a xenon dark matter experiment.

Published
2021

8. Hypermagnesemia-induced pseudonecrotizing enterocolitis and respiratory distress in a preterm infant: A case report

Author

K Nimishashree Srinivas, Darshan Rajatadri Rangaswamy, and Niranjan Kamble

Subjects
necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, preterm, respiratory distress, calcium, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Rationale: This case highlights the rare yet critical diagnosis of hypermagnesemia in a preterm infant, who presented with symptoms mimicking necrotizing enterocolitis. It underscores the importance of considering hypermagnesemia as a differential diagnosis in neonatal respiratory distress and gastrointestinal symptoms, even when the cause is not immediately apparent. Patient’s Concern: An extremely low birth infant with respiratory distress further had episodes of apnoea and cyanosis. The infant eventually exhibited abdominal distension and bilious vomiting, symptoms mimicking necrotizing enterocolitis. Diagnosis: The infant’s clinical features were attributed to hypermagnesemia, despite no magnesium being administered and no apparent cause identified. Screening the apparently asymptomatic mother confirmed a serum magnesium level of 4 mg/dL, suggesting transplacental transfer as the likely cause of the neonate’s condition. Interventions: The newborn was treated supportively with adequate hydration and maintenance calcium gluconate. Outcomes: Magnesium levels decreased, and the baby showed signs of improvement. Lessons: Hypermagnesemia, though uncommon, should be investigated and considered even when the symptoms are not apparent.

Published
2024
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9. Meta-regression Analysis of Study Heterogeneity for Systemic Outcomes after Periodontal Therapy

Author

T.W. Oates, V. Guy, K. Ni, C. Ji, H. Saito, H. Shiau, R. Shah, M.A. Williams, G. Blasi, and O. Goloubeva

Subjects
General Dentistry
Abstract

Introduction: The contribution of periodontal disease to adverse systemic consequences remains controversial. This analysis examined 2 well-investigated conditions independently and combined—adverse pregnancy outcomes and glycemic control for patients with diabetes—based on shared pathogenic mechanisms of periodontal infection and inflammation. It was proposed that inconsistencies in study design significantly contribute to outcome discrepancies found between periodontal intervention studies undergoing meta-analysis. Methods: Meta-analyses evaluating periodontal interventions on the rate of preterm birth and changes in glycated hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetes populations were conducted based on a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Meta-regression covariates for exploring heterogeneity included sample size, level of medical management, and bias risk as moderator variables in a random-effects meta-regression. Results: Systematic review identified 17 studies of diabetes and 13 of pregnancy outcomes. Analyses of these studies identified 0.50% reduction in HbA1c and 0.78 odds ratio for preterm births. The heterogeneity associated with the models was high (I2 = 92.4 and I2 = 62.7%, respectively). The adjusted models evaluating each systemic condition separately accounted for 52.2% of the effect for diabetes and 81.4% for pregnancy outcome effects independently, and 63.5% collectively, across interventional studies. Conclusion: This systematic review with meta-regression analysis of heterogeneity demonstrates that disparate results seen in randomized controlled trials of periodontal therapy affecting systemic outcomes may be explained in large part by study design, specifically stringency in consideration of medical management and sample size. The potential for confounding factors to influence outcomes remains a concern in understanding the implications of oral health on systemic conditions. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The findings of this study demonstrate that much of the benefits seen from periodontal therapy on adverse systemic outcomes for diabetes and pregnancy are due to limitations in study design.

Published
2022

10. Double-weak decays of and in the XENON1T and XENONnT experiments

Author

E. Aprile, K. Abe, F. Agostini, S. Ahmed Maouloud, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, B. Andrieu, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, V. C. Antochi, D. Ant??n Martin, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, A. L. Baxter, L. Bellagamba, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, A. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Cai, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, M. Clark, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. J. Cuenca-Garc??a, J. P. Cussonneau, V. D'Andrea, M. P. Decowski, P. Di Gangi, S. Di Pede, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, K. Eitel, A. Elykov, S. Farrell, A. D. Ferella, H. Fischer, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, M. Guida, A. Higuera, C. Hils, L. Hoetzsch, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, A. Joy, N. Kato, M. Kara, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, J. Loizeau, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrod??n Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, K. Mizukoshi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Mor??, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. M??ller, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, B. Paetsch, J. Palacio, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ram??rez Garc??a, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, L. Sanchez, J. M. F. dos Santos, I. Sarnoff, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, P. Schulte, H. Schulze Ei??ing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, S. Shi, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, P. -L. Tan, A. Terliuk, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, F. T??nnies, K. Valerius, G. Volta, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, T. Wolf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, S. Zerbo, M. Zhong, T. Zhu, Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Ahmed Maouloud, S., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Ant??n Martin, D., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-Garc??a, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrod??n Undagoitia, T., Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Mor??, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., M??ller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., Ram??rez Garc??a, D., Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Schulze Ei??ing, H., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., T??nnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
Double beta decay
Abstract

We present results on the search for two-neutrino double-electron capture (2νECEC) of 124Xe and neutrinoless double-β decay (0νββ) of 136Xe in XENON1T. We consider captures from the K shell up to the N shell in the 2νECEC signal model and measure a total half-life of T2νECEC1/2=(1.1±0.2stat±0.1sys)×1022yr with a 0.87kgyr isotope exposure. The statistical significance of the signal is 7.0σ. We use XENON1T data with 36.16kgyr of 136Xe exposure to search for 0νββ. We find no evidence of a signal and set a lower limit on the half-life of T0νββ1/2>1.2×1024yrat90%CL. This is the best result from a dark matter detector without an enriched target to date. We also report projections on the sensitivity of XENONnT to 0νββ. Assuming a 275kgyr 136Xe exposure, the expected sensitivity is T0νββ1/2>2.1×1025yrat90%CL, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass range of ⟨mββ⟩

Published
2022

11. Application and modeling of an online distillation method to reduce krypton and argon in XENON1T

Author

Aprile, E, Abe, K, Agostini, F, S Ahmed Maouloud, Alfonsi, M, Althueser, L, Angelino, E, R Angevaare, J, C Antochi, V, D Ant??n Martin, Arneodo, F, Baudis, L, L Baxter, A, Bellagamba, L, Bernard, A, Biondi, R, Bismark, A, Brown, A, Bruenner, S, Bruno, G, Budnik, R, Capelli, C, J M, R Cardoso, Cichon, D, Cimmino, B, Clark, M, P Colijn, A, Conrad, J, J Cuenca-Garc??a, J, P Cussonneau, J, D???andrea, V, P Decowski, M, P Di Gangi, S Di Pede, A Di Giovanni, R Di Stefano, Diglio, S, Elykov, A, Farrell, S, D Ferella, A, Fischer, H, Form, S, Fulgione, W, Gaemers, P, Gaior, R, Galloway, M, Gao, F, Glade-Beucke, R, Grandi, L, Grigat, J, Higuera, A, Hils, C, Hoetzsch, L, Howlett, J, Huhmann, C, Iacovacci, M, Itow, Y, Jakob, J, Joerg, F, Joy, A, Kato, N, Kavrigin, P, Kazama, S, Kobayashi, M, Koltman, G, Kopec, A, Landsman, H, F Lang, R, Levinson, L, S, Li, I, Li, Liang, S, Lindemann, S, Lindner, M, Liu, K, Lombardi, F, Long, J, J A, M Lopes, Y, Ma, Macolino, C, Mahlstedt, J, Mancuso, A, Manenti, L, Manfredini, A, Marignetti, F, T Marrod??n Undagoitia, Martens, K, Masbou, J, Masson, D, Masson, E, Mastroianni, S, Messina, M, Miuchi, K, Mizukoshi, K, Molinario, A, Moriyama, S, Mor??, K, Mosbacher, Y, Murra, M, M??ller, J, K, Ni, Oberlack, U, Paetsch, B, Palacio, J, Peres, R, Pienaar, J, Pierre, M, Pizzella, V, Plante, G, J, Qi, Qin, J, D Ram??rez Garc??a, Reichard, S, Rocchetti, A, Rupp, N, Sanchez, L, J M, F dos Santos, Sartorelli, G, Schreiner, J, Schulte, D, H Schulze Ei??ing, Schumann, M, L Scotto Lavina, Selvi, M, Semeria, F, Shagin, P, Shockley, E, Silva, M, Simgen, H, Takeda, A, P-L, Tan, Terliuk, A, Thers, D, Toschi, F, Trinchero, G, Tunnell, C, T??nnies, F, Valerius, K, Volta, G, Wei, Y, Weinheimer, C, Weiss, M, Wenz, D, Wittweg, C, Wolf, T, Z, Xu, Yamashita, M, Yang, L, J, Ye, Yuan, L, Zavattini, G, Zhang, Y, Zhong, M, Zhu, T, Aprile, E, Abe, K, Agostini, F, Ahmed Maouloud, S, Alfonsi, M, Althueser, L, Angelino, E, R Angevaare, J, C Antochi, V, Ant??n Martin, D, Arneodo, F, Baudis, L, L Baxter, A, Bellagamba, L, Bernard, A, Biondi, R, Bismark, A, Brown, A, Bruenner, S, Bruno, G, Budnik, R, Capelli, C, R Cardoso, J M, Cichon, D, Cimmino, B, Clark, M, P Colijn, A, Conrad, J, J Cuenca-Garc??a, J, P Cussonneau, J, D???andrea, V, P Decowski, M, Di Gangi, P, Di Pede, S, Di Giovanni, A, Di Stefano, R, Diglio, S, Elykov, A, Farrell, S, D Ferella, A, Fischer, H, Form, S, Fulgione, W, Gaemers, P, Gaior, R, Galloway, M, Gao, F, Glade-Beucke, R, Grandi, L, Grigat, J, Higuera, A, Hils, C, Hoetzsch, L, Howlett, J, Huhmann, C, Iacovacci, M, Itow, Y, Jakob, J, Joerg, F, Joy, A, Kato, N, Kavrigin, P, Kazama, S, Kobayashi, M, Koltman, G, Kopec, A, Landsman, H, F Lang, R, Levinson, L, Li, S, I, Li, Liang, S, Lindemann, S, Lindner, M, Liu, K, Lombardi, F, Long, J, M Lopes, J A, Ma, Y, Macolino, C, Mahlstedt, J, Mancuso, A, Manenti, L, Manfredini, A, Marignetti, F, Marrod??n Undagoitia, T, Martens, K, Masbou, J, Masson, D, Masson, E, Mastroianni, S, Messina, M, Miuchi, K, Mizukoshi, K, Molinario, A, Moriyama, S, Mor??, K, Mosbacher, Y, Murra, M, M??ller, J, Ni, K, Oberlack, U, Paetsch, B, Palacio, J, Peres, R, Pienaar, J, Pierre, M, Pizzella, V, Plante, G, Qi, J, Qin, J, Ram??rez Garc??a, D, Reichard, S, Rocchetti, A, Rupp, N, Sanchez, L, F dos Santos, J M, Sartorelli, G, Schreiner, J, Schulte, D, Schulze Ei??ing, H, Schumann, M, Scotto Lavina, L, Selvi, M, Semeria, F, Shagin, P, Shockley, E, Silva, M, Simgen, H, Takeda, A, Tan, P-L, Terliuk, A, Thers, D, Toschi, F, Trinchero, G, Tunnell, C, T??nnies, F, Valerius, K, Volta, G, Wei, Y, Weinheimer, C, Weiss, M, Wenz, D, Wittweg, C, Wolf, T, Xu, Z, Yamashita, M, Yang, L, Ye, J, Yuan, L, Zavattini, G, Zhang, Y, Zhong, M, Zhu, T, IoP (FNWI), XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), and Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Krypton, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, C43, F40, H20, H54, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Distillation, radioactivity, Krypton, Argon, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), radioactivity, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High Energy Physics, Experiment (hep-ex), Argon, Distillation
Abstract

A novel online distillation technique was developed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment to reduce intrinsic background components more volatile than xenon, such as krypton or argon, while the detector was operating. The method is based on a continuous purification of the gaseous volume of the detector system using the XENON1T cryogenic distillation column. A krypton-in-xenon concentration of (360±60)ppq was achieved. It is the lowest concentration measured in the fiducial volume of an operating dark matter detector to date. A model was developed and fit to the data to describe the krypton evolution in the liquid and gas volumes of the detector system for several operation modes over the time span of 550 days, including the commissioning and science runs of XENON1T. The online distillation was also successfully applied to remove 37Ar after its injection for a low energy calibration in XENON1T. This makes the usage of 37Ar as a regular calibration source possible in the future. The online distillation can be applied to next-generation LXe TPC experiments to remove krypton prior to, or during, any science run. The model developed here allows further optimization of the distillation strategy for future large scale detectors.

Published
2022

12. Implementasi Dhis2 untuk Pengelolaan Data Kia di Puskesmas Ampana Timur, Sulawesi Tengah

Author

djadi, N. K. (Ni), djadi, N. K. (Ni), djadi, N. K. (Ni), and djadi, N. K. (Ni)

Abstract

Latar belakang : informasi kesehatan yang terpercaya dan mudah diakses merupakan dasar dalam pengambilan keputusan di semua kerangka sistem kesehatan. Upaya untuk mendapatkan informasi yang lebih cepat dan menyeluruh dilakukan Dinas Kesehatan, Pemberdayaan Perempuan & Keluarga Berencana (Dinkes, PP & KB) Kabupaten Tojo Una – Una dengan cara mengubah sistem pelaporan puskesmas berbasis kertas ke dinas kesehatan menjadi menggunakan excell yang telah dilakukan sejak tahun 2011, namun kelengkapan data masih rendah, pola kerja puskesmas dalam pemanfaatan data dan penyebaran informasi belum maksimal, memvisualisasikan data bagi bidan bukan hal yang mudah, meskipun datanya sudah terkumpul dalam format excel.Tujuan : mendeskripsikan implementasi DHIS2 dalam pengelolaan data KIA, mengevaluasi kelengkapan data KIA dan kemudahan akses informasi setelah menggunakan DHIS2 serta evaluasi fungsionalitas fitur DHIS2.Metode : jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan action-research.Hasil : pegelola data KIA belum mendapat pelatihan visualisasi data KIA,kelengkapan data rendah, kemampuan pemanfaatan komputer program excel masih terbatas, infrastruktur jaringan internet masih minim, kepala puskesmas belum bisa akses data KIA kapan saja dengan mudah dan diseminasi informasi KIA secara manual tidak rutin dilakukan. untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, DHIS2 disepakati untuk diujicobakan di Puskesmas Ampana Timur dan camat. Implementasi DHIS2 di Puskesmas dapat dilakukan, Kelengkapan data KIA meningkat menjadi 100%, akses informasi menjadi lebih mudah, diseminasi informasi lebih mudah, pembuatan grafik informasi KIA lebih mudah dengan DHIS2. Fitur DHIS2 kadang mengalami gangguan yaitu download laporan tidak berfungsi, data tidak tersimpan di local komputer ketika jaringan offline pada saat input data dan grafik pada dashboard terkadang tidak muncul dan muncul tetapi butuh waktu lama.Kesimpulan : Kelengkapan data meningkat, evaluasi, diseminasi dan akses informasi

Published
2020

14. Decadal dynamics and challenges for seagrass beds management in Cu Lao Cham Marine Protected Area, Central Vietnam

Author

Tran N. K. Ni, Nguyen H. C. Tu, Nguyen T. Uyen, Izuru Saizen, Hoang C. Tin, and Duong Van Hieu

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, biology, Aquatic ecosystem, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Fishery, Marine pollution, Geography, Seagrass, Remote sensing (archaeology), Satellite remote sensing, Satellite image, Period (geology), Marine protected area, 021108 energy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Seagrass beds in central Vietnam plays an important role in the aquatic ecosystem. The area of seagrass beds in Cu Lao Cham Marine Protected Area (MPA), central Vietnam, has been reported to be declining in recent years. However, there has not been any study on assessing the changes in the area of seagrass beds in Cu Lao Cham MPA, especially by the application of remote sensing technology for evaluating temporal and spatial changes. The aim of this study is to establish the current status and document historical changes using maps of seagrass area in Cu Lao Cham MPA, central Vietnam, during the period of 2003–2017. This is the first study on assessing the temporal and spatial changes in the area of seagrass beds in central Vietnam using remote sensing technology. The study integrated field surveys, satellite remote sensing and GIS methods to analyse ALOS AVNIR-2 and Landsat satellite image data during the period of 2003–2017. The Kappa coefficients and overall accuracies of the years 2003, 2010 and 2017 were generally higher than 89% and 0.83, respectively, in all cases. Seagrass beds have mainly distributed near small islands such as Hon La, Hon Tai and Hon Dai. In particular, seagrass beds have almost disappeared at Bai Ong and Bai Huong in April 2017. In the period of 2003–2017, the area of the seagrass bed experienced significant changes. The seagrass area loss was 40.17 ha, and it gained 58.6 ha in the period of 2003–2010. In the period of 2010–2017, the loss of seagrass area was 68.76 ha, and the new addition was 7.27 ha. The study has identified a number of impacts of declining seagrass areas including marine pollution, changes in natural conditions and some other direct impacts from human activities and tourism. The results of this study could contribute to conservation of seagrass resources and sustainable livelihood development for the local community.

Published
2019
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15. Peningkatan Pengetahuan Tentang Senam Desminorea untuk Mengurangi Nyeri pada Siswa SMA di Kota Denpasar

Author

Agustini, N. K. (Ni), Agustini, N. K. (Ni), Diyu, I. A. (Ida), Agustini, N. K. (Ni), Agustini, N. K. (Ni), and Diyu, I. A. (Ida)

Abstract

INCREASED KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DESMINOREA GYMNASTICS TO REDUCE PAIN IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN DENPASAR CITY. Menstrual pain or dysmenorrheal is a physical disorder that is often felt by women every menstruation. Dysmenorrheal is often reported to interfere with daily activities. The incidence of dysmenorrheal shows that the experience of dysmenorrheal is mostly experienced by adolescents, including adolescent in high school. To reduce the menstrual pain every menstruation requires sufficient knowledge and understanding of the actions that can be done to reduce menstrual pain, one of them is dysmenorrheal exercises. This activity aims to provide education about dysmenorrheal exercises used to reduce menstrual pain. The method used is to provide health education about menstrual pain and training about dysmenorrheal exercise. Before and after counseling pre test and post test. The results of counseling showed an increase in teenagers understanding of dysmenorrheal exercise to reduce menstrual pain, from 52.5% to 80%. Based on these results it is expected that teenagers are able to practice dysmenorrheal exercises to reduce menstrual pain.

Published
2019

16. Experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of Al6061-TiB2-fly ash reinforced monolithic and hybrid composites

Author

K Nithesh, Karthik B M, Sathyashankara Sharma, Gajanan Anne, and Ananda Hegde

Subjects
metal matrix composites, hybrid composites, titanium diboride, fly ash, aluminium alloy, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

This study investigates the mechanical properties of Al6061-TiB _2 -fly ash reinforced monolithic and hybrid composites, fabricated using the stir casting technique. The experiment involved the preparation of both monolithic composites by varying TiB2 (3–6 wt%) and hybrid composites by varying TiB _2 (1–3 wt%) and fly ash (3–5 wt%) within the Al6061 matrix. Preheated reinforcement particles were introduced to the matrix alloy under controlled stirring conditions to ensure proper dispersion. Mechanical testing was conducted on the fabricated composites to evaluate their hardness and tensile strength. The results indicate that the hybrid composites exhibit superior mechanical properties compared to the base Al6061 alloy and the monolithic composites. The hardness of the hybrid composites A1T3F (Al6061 + 1%TiB _2 + 3% fly ash) and A3T5F (Al6061 + 3%TiB _2 + 5% fly ash) were significantly improved, reaching 134 HV and 146 HV, respectively, compared to 74 HV for the base alloy. The tensile strength of the hybrid composites also exceeded that of the monolithic composites, demonstrating the synergistic reinforcement effect of TiB _2 and fly ash. However, attempts to incorporate higher levels of reinforcement (TiB _2 5% and fly ash 7%) were unsuccessful due to agglomeration issues. The results indicate that the hybrid composites provide a cost-effective solution with enhanced mechanical properties, making them a more economical and efficient alternative to monolithic composites reinforced solely with TiB _2 .

Published
2025
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17. NEXO: Neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond $10^{28}$ year half-life sensitivity

Author

G Adhikari, S Al Kharusi, E Angelico, G Anton, I J Arnquist, I Badhrees, J Bane, V Belov, E P Bernard, T Bhatta, A Bolotnikov, P A Breur, J P Brodsky, E Brown, T Brunner, E Caden, G F Cao, L Cao, C Chambers, B Chana, S A Charlebois, D Chernyak, M Chiu, B Cleveland, R Collister, S A Czyz, J Dalmasson, T Daniels, L Darroch, R DeVoe, M L Di Vacri, J Dilling, Y Y Ding, A Dolgolenko, M J Dolinski, A Dragone, J Echevers, M Elbeltagi, L Fabris, D Fairbank, W Fairbank, J Farine, S Ferrara, S Feyzbakhsh, Y S Fu, G Gallina, P Gautam, G Giacomini, W Gillis, C Gingras, D Goeldi, R Gornea, G Gratta, C A Hardy, K Harouaka, M Heffner, E W Hoppe, A House, A Iverson, A Jamil, M Jewell, X S Jiang, A Karelin, L J Kaufman, I Kotov, R Krücken, A Kuchenkov, K S Kumar, Y Lan, A Larson, K G Leach, B G Lenardo, D S Leonard, G Li, S Li, Z Li, C Licciardi, R Lindsay, R MacLellan, M Mahtab, P Martel-Dion, J Masbou, N Massacret, T McElroy, K McMichael, M Medina Peregrina, T Michel, B Mong, D C Moore, K Murray, J Nattress, C R Natzke, R J Newby, K Ni, F Nolet, O Nusair, J C Nzobadila Ondze, K Odgers, A Odian, J L Orrell, G S Ortega, C T Overman, S Parent, A Perna, A Piepke, A Pocar, J-F Pratte, N Priel, V Radeka, E Raguzin, G J Ramonnye, T Rao, H Rasiwala, S Rescia, F Retière, J Ringuette, V Riot, T Rossignol, P C Rowson, N Roy, R Saldanha, S Sangiorgio, X Shang, A K Soma, F Spadoni, V Stekhanov, X L Sun, M Tarka, S Thibado, A Tidball, J Todd, T Totev, S Triambak, R H M Tsang, T Tsang, F Vachon, V Veeraraghavan, S Viel, C Vivo-Vilches, P Vogel, J-L Vuilleumier, M Wagenpfeil, T Wager, M Walent, K Wamba, Q Wang, W Wei, L J Wen, U Wichoski, S Wilde, M Worcester, S X Wu, W H Wu, X Wu, Q Xia, W Yan, H Yang, L Yang, O Zeldovich, J Zhao, T Ziegler, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and nEXO

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, background: effect, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], time-projection chambers, 01 natural sciences, neutrinoless double beta decay, Monte Carlo simulations, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), 0103 physical sciences, neutrino: mass, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, detector: design, xenon: liquid, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, neutrinos, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), sensitivity, time projection chamber, 3. Good health, photon: scintillation counter, copper, radioactivity, Xe-136, experimental results
Abstract

The nEXO neutrinoless double beta decay experiment is designed to use a time projection chamber and 5000 kg of isotopically enriched liquid xenon to search for the decay in $^{136}$Xe. Progress in the detector design, paired with higher fidelity in its simulation and an advanced data analysis, based on the one used for the final results of EXO-200, produce a sensitivity prediction that exceeds the half-life of $10^{28}$ years. Specifically, improvements have been made in the understanding of production of scintillation photons and charge as well as of their transport and reconstruction in the detector. The more detailed knowledge of the detector construction has been paired with more assays for trace radioactivity in different materials. In particular, the use of custom electroformed copper is now incorporated in the design, leading to a substantial reduction in backgrounds from the intrinsic radioactivity of detector materials. Furthermore, a number of assumptions from previous sensitivity projections have gained further support from interim work validating the nEXO experiment concept. Together these improvements and updates suggest that the nEXO experiment will reach a half-life sensitivity of $1.35\times 10^{28}$ yr at 90% confidence level in 10 years of data taking, covering the parameter space associated with the inverted neutrino mass ordering, along with a significant portion of the parameter space for the normal ordering scenario, for almost all nuclear matrix elements. The effects of backgrounds deviating from the nominal values used for the projections are also illustrated, concluding that the nEXO design is robust against a number of imperfections of the model., Comment: 26 pages, 19 figures, version accepted by Journal of Phys. G

Published
2021
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18. Performance of a Radial Time Projection Chamber with Electroluminescence in Liquid Xenon

Author

Y. Wei, J. Qi, E. Shockley, H. Xu, and K. Ni

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) is a leading detector technology in rare event searches for dark matter and neutrino physics. The success of this type of detector technology relies on its capability to detect both primary scintillation and ionization signals from particle interactions in liquid xenon (LXe). The ionization electrons are converted into electroluminescence in the gas xenon (GXe), where a single electron can be amplified by more than 100 times in number of photons in a strong electric field. Maintaining a strong and uniform electric field in the small gas gap in large diameter TPCs is challenging. One alternative solution is to produce the electroluminescence in the LXe directly to overcome the gas gap uniformity problem. Here we report on the design and performance of a single-phase Radial TPC (RTPC) which can create and detect the electroluminescence directly in LXe. It simplifies the design and operation of the LXe TPC by using a single wire in the axial center to create the strong electric field. We present the performance of such an RTPC and discuss its limitations for potential applications.

Published
2021
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19. Mapping Submerged Aquatic Vegetation along the Central Vietnamese Coast Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing

Author

Hoang Cong Tin, Cédric Jamet, Izuru Saizen, Vo Trong Thach, and Tran N. K. Ni

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Submerged aquatic vegetation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, lcsh:G1-922, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, distribution map, Aquatic plant, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Landsat-8, Marine ecosystem, Computers in Earth Sciences, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, VNREDSat-1, Natural resource, Substrate (marine biology), temporal change map, Remote sensing (archaeology), Radiance, Environmental science, Satellite, Sentinel-2, Multi-source, lcsh:Geography (General)
Abstract

Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the Khanh Hoa (Vietnam) coastal area plays an important role in coastal communities and the marine ecosystem. However, SAV distribution varies widely, in terms of depth and substrate types, making it difficult to monitor using in-situ measurement. Remote sensing can help address this issue. High spatial resolution satellites, with more bands and higher radiometric sensitivity, have been launched recently, including the Vietnamese Natural Resources, Environment, and Disaster Monitoring Satellite (VNREDSat-1) (V1) sensor from Vietnam, launched in 2013. The objective of the study described here was to establish SAV distribution maps for South-Central Vietnam, particularly in the Khanh Hoa coastal area, using Sentinel-2 (S2), Landsat-8, and V1 imagery, and then to assess any changes to SAV over the last ten years, using selected historical data. The satellite top-of-atmosphere signals were initially converted to radiance, and then corrected for atmospheric effects. This treated signal was then used to classify Khanh Hoa coastal water substrates, and these classifications were evaluated using 101 in-situ measurements, collected in 2017 and 2018. The results showed that the three satellites could provide high accuracy, with Kappa coefficients above 0.84, with V1 achieving over 0.87. Our results showed that, from 2008 to 2018, SAV acreage in Khanh Hoa was reduced by 74.2%, while gains in new areas compensated for less than half of these losses. This is the first study to show the potential for using V1 and S2 data to assess the distribution status of SAV in Vietnam, and its outcomes will contribute to the conservation of SAV beds, and to the sustainable exploitation of aquatic resources in the Khanh Hoa coastal area.

Published
2020

20. Single-fly genome assemblies fill major phylogenomic gaps across the Drosophilidae Tree of Life.

Author

Bernard Y Kim, Hannah R Gellert, Samuel H Church, Anton Suvorov, Sean S Anderson, Olga Barmina, Sofia G Beskid, Aaron A Comeault, K Nicole Crown, Sarah E Diamond, Steve Dorus, Takako Fujichika, James A Hemker, Jan Hrcek, Maaria Kankare, Toru Katoh, Karl N Magnacca, Ryan A Martin, Teruyuki Matsunaga, Matthew J Medeiros, Danny E Miller, Scott Pitnick, Michele Schiffer, Sara Simoni, Tessa E Steenwinkel, Zeeshan A Syed, Aya Takahashi, Kevin H-C Wei, Tsuya Yokoyama, Michael B Eisen, Artyom Kopp, Daniel Matute, Darren J Obbard, Patrick M O'Grady, Donald K Price, Masanori J Toda, Thomas Werner, and Dmitri A Petrov

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Long-read sequencing is driving rapid progress in genome assembly across all major groups of life, including species of the family Drosophilidae, a longtime model system for genetics, genomics, and evolution. We previously developed a cost-effective hybrid Oxford Nanopore (ONT) long-read and Illumina short-read sequencing approach and used it to assemble 101 drosophilid genomes from laboratory cultures, greatly increasing the number of genome assemblies for this taxonomic group. The next major challenge is to address the laboratory culture bias in taxon sampling by sequencing genomes of species that cannot easily be reared in the lab. Here, we build upon our previous methods to perform amplification-free ONT sequencing of single wild flies obtained either directly from the field or from ethanol-preserved specimens in museum collections, greatly improving the representation of lesser studied drosophilid taxa in whole-genome data. Using Illumina Novaseq X Plus and ONT P2 sequencers with R10.4.1 chemistry, we set a new benchmark for inexpensive hybrid genome assembly at US $150 per genome while assembling genomes from as little as 35 ng of genomic DNA from a single fly. We present 183 new genome assemblies for 179 species as a resource for drosophilid systematics, phylogenetics, and comparative genomics. Of these genomes, 62 are from pooled lab strains and 121 from single adult flies. Despite the sample limitations of working with small insects, most single-fly diploid assemblies are comparable in contiguity (>1 Mb contig N50), completeness (>98% complete dipteran BUSCOs), and accuracy (>QV40 genome-wide with ONT R10.4.1) to assemblies from inbred lines. We present a well-resolved multi-locus phylogeny for 360 drosophilid and 4 outgroup species encompassing all publicly available (as of August 2023) genomes for this group. Finally, we present a Progressive Cactus whole-genome, reference-free alignment built from a subset of 298 suitably high-quality drosophilid genomes. The new assemblies and alignment, along with updated laboratory protocols and computational pipelines, are released as an open resource and as a tool for studying evolution at the scale of an entire insect family.

Published
2024
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22. Premature polyadenylation of MAGI3 is associated with diminished N6-methyladenosine in its large internal exon

Author

Piyush Gupta, Charlotte Kuperwasser, Dexter X. Jin, Thomas K. Ni, Jessica S Elman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Jin, Dexter X., and Gupta, Piyush

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Regulation of gene expression, Messenger RNA, Multidisciplinary, Oncogene, Polyadenylation, lcsh:R, Intron, lcsh:Medicine, Biology, respiratory system, Molecular biology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, law, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Suppressor, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, Gene
Abstract

In cancer, tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are frequently truncated, causing their encoded products to be non-functional or dominant-negative. We previously showed that premature polyadenylation (pPA) of MAGI3 truncates the gene, switching its functional role from a TSG to a dominant-negative oncogene. Here we report that MAGI3 undergoes pPA at the intron immediately downstream of its large internal exon, which is normally highly modified by N6-methyladenosine (m6A). In breast cancer cells that upregulate MAGI3 pPA , m6A levels in the large internal exon of MAGI3 are significantly reduced compared to cells that do not express MAGI3 pPA . We further find that MAGI3 pPA transcripts are significantly depleted of m6A modifications, in contrast to highly m6A-modified full-length MAGI3 mRNA. Finally, we analyze public expression data and find that other TSGs, including LATS1 and BRCA1, also undergo intronic pPA following large internal exons, and that m6A levels in these exons are reduced in pPA-activated breast cancer cells relative to untransformed mammary cells. Our study suggests that m6A may play a role in regulating intronic pPA of MAGI3 and possibly other TSGs, warranting further investigation.

Published
2018
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23. Horizontal position reconstruction in PandaX-II

Author

D. Zhang, A. Tan, A. Abdukerim, W. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, C. Cheng, X. Cui, Y. Fan, D. Fang, C. Fu, M. Fu, L. Geng, K. Giboni, L. Gu, X. Guo, K. Han, C. He, S. He, D. Huang, Y. Huang, Z. Huang, X. Ji, Y. Ju, S. Li, Q. Lin, H. Liu, J. Liu, L. Liu, X. Lu, W. Ma, Y. Ma, Y. Mao, Y. Meng, P. Namwongsa, K. Ni, J. Ning, X. Ning, X. Ren, N. Shaheed, C. Shang, G. Shen, L. Si, A. Wang, H. Wang, M. Wang, Q. Wang, S. Wang, W. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Wang, M. Wu, S. Wu, W. Wu, J. Xia, M. Xiao, X. Xiao, P. Xie, B. Yan, J. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yu, J. Yuan, Y. Yuan, X. Zeng, T. Zhang, L. Zhao, Q. Zheng, J. Zhou, N. Zhou, and X. Zhou

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Horizontal position representation, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), PandaX, Geodesy, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Geology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Dual-phase noble-gas time projection chambers (TPCs) have improved the sensitivities for dark matter direct search in past decades. The capability of TPCs to reconstruct 3-D vertexes of keV scale recoilings is one of the most advantageous features. In this work, we develop two horizontal position reconstruction algorithms for the PandaX-II dark matter search experiment using the dual-phase liquid xenon TPC. Both algorithms are optimized by the $^{83m}$Kr calibration events and use photon distribution of ionization signals among photomultiplier tubes to infer the positions. According to the events coming from the gate electrode, the uncertainties in the horizontal positions are 3.4 mm (3.9 mm) in the analytical (simulation-based) algorithm for an ionization signal with several thousand photon electrons in the center of the TPC, Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures

Published
2021
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25. Internal Calibration of the PandaX-II Detector with Radon Gaseous Sources

Author

W. Ma, A. Abdukerim, Z. Bo, W. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, C. Cheng, X. Cui, Y. Fan, D. Fang, C. Fu, M. Fu, L. Geng, K. Giboni, L. Gu, X. Guo, K. Han, C. He, S. He, D. Huang, Y. Huang, Z. Huang, X. Ji, Y. Ju, S. Li, H. Liu, J. Liu, Y. Ma, Y. Mao, Y. Meng, K. Ni, J. Ning, X. Ning, X. Ren, C. Shang, L. Si, G. Shen, A. Tan, A. Wang, H. Wang, M. Wang, Q. Wang, S. Wang, W. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Wang, M. Wu, S. Wu, W. Wu, J. Xia, M. Xiao, P. Xie, B. Yan, J. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yu, J. Yuan, Y. Yuan, J. Yue, X. Zeng, D. Zhang, T. Zhang, L. Zhao, Q. Zheng, J. Zhou, N. Zhou, and X. Zhou

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Radon, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 03 medical and health sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, Xenon, Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment, Mathematical Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Radiochemistry, Detector, Thorium, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), chemistry, Thorium Compounds, Environmental science, PandaX
Abstract

We have developed a low-energy electron recoil (ER) calibration method with $^{220}$Rn for the PandaX-II detector. $^{220}$Rn, emanated from natural thorium compounds, was fed into the detector through the xenon purification system. From 2017 to 2019, we performed three dedicated calibration campaigns with different radon sources. We studied the detector response to $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $\gamma$ particles with focus on low energy ER events. During the runs in 2017 and 2018, the amount of radioactivity of $^{222}$Rn were on the order of 1\% of that of $^{220}$Rn and thorium particulate contamination was negligible, especially in 2018. We also measured the background contribution from $^{214}$Pb for the first time in PandaX-II with the help from a $^{222}$Rn injection. Calibration strategy with $^{220}$Rn and $^{222}$Rn will be implemented in the upcoming PandaX-4T experiment and can be useful for other xenon-based detectors as well., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures. published in JINST

Published
2020
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26. [Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion in a child]

Author

K, Ni, D, Sun, and J, Wang

Subjects
Brain Diseases, Seizures, Humans, Child
Abstract

患儿 女，1岁，病程第1天出现惊厥持续状态，予以镇静处理后，意识短暂恢复，后因肺部感染使用呼吸机辅助通气，病程第3天再次出现反复惊厥发作，考虑急性脑病综合征，加用丙种球蛋白治疗，第4天头颅磁共振弥散加权成像提示顶枕叶皮层下白质高信号，诊断为急性脑病伴双向发作及后期弥散降低，予以糖皮质激素及抗惊厥等对症治疗，近1个月后未再发惊厥，但出现运动、智力功能倒退。.

Published
2019

27. Parenting Gizi Berbasis Whatsapp: Literasi Digital Guna Mendukung Generasi Sehat Berprestasi

Author

Ambari Sumanto, Reni Pawestuti, Ambari Sumanto, Reni Pawestuti, Astuti, H. P. (Henny), Rahmadani, N. K. (Ni), Nugroho, R. A. (R), Ambari Sumanto, Reni Pawestuti, Ambari Sumanto, Reni Pawestuti, Astuti, H. P. (Henny), Rahmadani, N. K. (Ni), and Nugroho, R. A. (R)

Abstract

NUTRITIONAL PARENTING ASSISTED WHATSAPP; DIGITAL LITERACY TO SUPPORT THE HEALTHY GENERATION OF ACHIEVERS. Parents have an important role in a family. Parental involvement in childcare has great potential to be developed. The potential of parents in parenting can be optimized through the potential of human and technological resources. In the current digital era, the potential for parental involvement can be strengthened by whatsapp-based digital literacy. Whatsapp is a technology resource that can convey various forms of messages such as text messages, voice messages, picture messages, even voice and video calls. This activity aims to empower parents in providing balanced nutrition for children through whatsapp-based parenting activities. The target group used as partners in this activity are parents of toddlers who attend Pos PAUD, at Pos PAUD Lestari II, Semarang City, Central Java. The method used in this activity was the initiation and parenting of whatsapp continuously. The results of activities carried out in the form of whatsapp-based nutrition parenting groups, the number of participants consisted of 20 parents, the results showed there were 85% of parents who had high enthusiasm when whatsapp parenting took place and 35% of parents were able to practice balanced diet for children. This activity needs to be continued given the limited number of parents who can practice balanced diet, the next activity can be in the form of literacy strengthening through peer education activities as an effort to increase parental involvement in fulfilling children's nutritional intake.

Published
2020

28. Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Make A Match Berbantuan Media Gambar Terhadap Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Tunarungu Di SD Negeri 2 Bengkala

Author

Budiasa, P. (Putu), Budiasa, P. (Putu), Diantari, N. K. (Ni), Paramita, A. A. (A), Suranata, K. (Kadek), Budiasa, P. (Putu), Budiasa, P. (Putu), Diantari, N. K. (Ni), Paramita, A. A. (A), and Suranata, K. (Kadek)

Abstract

Siswa yang cacat akan cenderung mengalami kesulitan dalam proses penguasaan keterampilan dan kognitif. Salah satu anak yang mengalami hal seperti itu adalah anak tunarungu. Anak tunarungu adalah anak yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran yang mengakibatan hambatan dalam perkembanga bahasa. Hambatan perkembangan bahasa menimbulkan dampak-dampak lain yang sangat kompleks. Jika hambatan perkembangan bahasanya tidak segera diatasi akan berakibat lebih buruk bagi perkembangan anak tunarungu secara keseluruhan. Tujuan dilaksanaknnya penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan perkembangan bahasa anak tunarungu. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan yaitu model pembelajaran Make a Match. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian pengembangan atau R &D (Research and Development). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan perkembangan bahasa anak tunarungu dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Make a Match. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan rata-rata nilai yang diperoleh siswa pada tahap pretest yaitu sebesar 92.5 dan pada tahap posttest sebesar 100. Jadi, berdasarkan hal tersebut presentase perkembangan bahasa anak tunarungu yaitu 0.075%. Dengan demikian penerapan model pembelajaran Make a Match berbantuan media gambar sangat membantu anak tunarungu dalam meningkatkan perkembangan bahasa.

Published
2020

29. Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma in a Young, Nulliparous Woman: A Case Report

Author

S Subhasri, K Nivedita, N Noorul Nasheeha, K Rajkumar, and V Sriram

Subjects
uterine malignancy, leiomyosarcoma, low grade, Medicine
Abstract

Endometrial stromal tumours are tumours of endometrial stromal origin and are classified into Endometrial Stromal Nodule (ESN), Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (LG-ESS), and High-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (HG-ESS). LG-ESS and HGESS are rare tumours, accounting for 1% of uterine malignancies and 10% of uterine sarcomas. These tumours commonly occur in perimenopausal women between the ages of 45 and 50 years. Their incidence is rare in younger women. Endometrial stromal tumours are usually confused with leiomyoma, uterine Leiomyosarcoma (LMS), or other sarcomas. The authors here present a case report of a 28-year-old nulligravid patient who presented with a history of heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea for a duration of six months. Ultrasonography of the abdomen and pelvis suggested fibroid with degenerative changes, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) indicated leiomyoma variants such as: i) Stromal Tumours of Uncertain Malignant Potential (STUMP)/ atypical/cellular leiomyoma; ii) myxoid degeneration of leiomyoma. To arrive at a definitive diagnosis, myomectomy was performed considering the woman’s young age and nulliparity. Histopathology allowed for a differential diagnosis of LG-ESS, LMS, and cellular leiomyoma. Consequently, the patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with left salphingo opherectomy, right salpingectomy, and preservation of the right ovary. The definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination coupled with immunohistochemistry of the hysterectomy specimen. Hysterectomy is the definitive treatment of LG-ESS considering their ability to infiltrate and become malignant.

Published
2023
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30. The SIRT2 Deacetylase Stabilizes Slug to Control Malignancy of Basal-like Breast Cancer

Author

Wenhui Zhou, Benjamin Glass, Thomas K. Ni, Adam Skibinski, Ania Wronski, Charlotte Kuperwasser, and Andrew H. Beck

Subjects
Proteomics, 0301 basic medicine, Mice, SCID, Substrate Specificity, Sirtuin 2, Mice, Inbred NOD, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Triple-negative breast cancer, Protein Stability, Slug, deacetylase, embryonic structures, triple-negative breast cancer, Female, basal-like breast cancer, Protein Binding, sirtinol, animal structures, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Protein degradation, SIRT2, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Mediator, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Amino Acid Sequence, Gene Silencing, Transcription factor, acetylation, Cell Proliferation, Lysine, fungi, Cancer, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), Acetylation, Cancer research, Snail Family Transcription Factors
Abstract

Summary: Overabundance of Slug protein is common in human cancer and represents an important determinant underlying the aggressiveness of basal-like breast cancer (BLBC). Despite its importance, this transcription factor is rarely mutated in BLBC, and the mechanism of its deregulation in cancer remains unknown. Here, we report that Slug undergoes acetylation-dependent protein degradation and identify the deacetylase SIRT2 as a key mediator of this post-translational mechanism. SIRT2 inhibition rapidly destabilizes Slug, whereas SIRT2 overexpression extends Slug stability. We show that SIRT2 deacetylates Slug protein at lysine residue K116 to prevent Slug degradation. Interestingly, SIRT2 is frequently amplified and highly expressed in BLBC. Genetic depletion and pharmacological inactivation of SIRT2 in BLBC cells reverse Slug stabilization, cause the loss of clinically relevant pathological features of BLBC, and inhibit tumor growth. Our results suggest that targeting SIRT2 may be a rational strategy for diminishing Slug abundance and its associated malignant traits in BLBC. : Zhou et al. show that the deacetylase SIRT2 inhibits acetylation-dependent degradation of Slug protein. In breast cancer, frequent SIRT2 overexpression extends Slug stability, conferring aggressive, basal-like malignant features and growth. Keywords: protein stability, acetylation, deacetylase, SIRT2, Slug, basal-like breast cancer, sirtinol, triple-negative breast cancer

Published
2016
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31. Kajian Kebijakan dan Penanggulangan Masalah Gizi Stunting di Indonesia

Author

Aryastami, N. K. (Ni), Aryastami, N. K. (Ni), Aryastami, N. K. (Ni), and Aryastami, N. K. (Ni)

Abstract

Stunting prevalence in Indonesia has been almost stagnant at 37% from year 2007 to 2013. With the cutoff point greater than 20%, WHO classified Indonesia has a public health problem. The purpose of this review is to analyze policy related problems and gaps that could be filled as a policy option. Policy analysis was conducted through searching and analyzing legal documents, policy as well as programs following the policy formulation. Finally, round table discussion inviting experts was conducted to construct a recommendation. Stunting prevalence has barely reducing within the last ten year which was only 4% from 1992 to 2013, though programs and budget allocation has been made, even scaling up nutrition is mentioned in Presidential Regulation no.42/2013 through National Movement of First Thousand Days of Life. Stunting has a long term effect that bring about non communicable diseases causing economic burden, although stunting can be corrected. Serious integrated effort should be taken into account at all levels as a policy recommendation. Mothers or future brides should be given information of healthy pregnancy and nutrition. Exclusive breast feeding should be done mandatory to healthy delivery mothers. In addition, proper complementary feeding should be well understood by mothers and health workers.

Published
2017

32. Budaya Tri Hita Karana sebagai Pemoderasi Pengaruh Penganggaran Partisipatif, Pengendalian Anggaran dan Standar Operasional Prosedur pada Perilaku Disfungsional

Author

Yudastri, N. K. (Ni), Yudastri, N. K. (Ni), Budiartha, I. K. (I), Badera, I. D. (I), Yudastri, N. K. (Ni), Yudastri, N. K. (Ni), Budiartha, I. K. (I), and Badera, I. D. (I)

Abstract

Dysfunctional behavior is deviant behavior or violations of the rules and procedures of managerial control system of local government is done deliberately by officials themselves. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of participatory budgeting, budget control and standard operating procedures (SOP) on dysfunctional behaviors and examines cultural influences as pemoderasinya Tri Hita Karana. The sample was 36 SKPD in Gianyar regency government with 102 respondents consisting of structural officials directly involved in the budgeting process. Data analysis was performed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of this study are participatory budgeting and budgetary control positive effect on dysfunctional behavior. Standard operating procedure has no effect on dysfunctional behavior. Tri Hita Karana Cultural weaken the influence of participatory budgeting and control angggaran on dysfunctional behavior. Culture Tri Hita Karana not moderate influence on the standard operating procedures dysfunctional behavior.

Published
2017

33. The XENON1T Data Acquisition System

Author

E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, F.D. Amaro, V.C. Antochi, F. Arneodo, D. Barge, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, L. Bellagamba, M.L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, C. Capelli, J.M.R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A.P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J.P. Cussonneau, M.P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A.D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, R. Itay, F. Joerg, S. Kazama, A. Kish, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R.F. Lang, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J.A.M. Lopes, E. López Fune, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, D. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, K. Miller, A. Molinario, K. Morå, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, K. Odgers, B. Pelssers, R. Peres, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, R. Podviianiuk, H. Qiu, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, B. Riedel, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, J.M.F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, N. Šarčević, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C.D. Tunnell, N. Upole, M. Vargas, G. Volta, O. Wack, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu, J.P. Zopounidis, for the XENON collaboration, M. Pieracci, C. Tintori, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), XENON, Aprile E., Aalbers J., Agostini F., Alfonsi M., Althueser L., Amaro F.D., Antochi V.C., Arneodo F., Barge D., Baudis L., Bauermeister B., Bellagamba L., Benabderrahmane M.L., Berger T., Breur P.A., Brown A., Brown E., Bruenner S., Bruno G., Budnik R., Butikofer L., Capelli C., Cardoso J.M.R., Cichon D., Coderre D., Colijn A.P., Conrad J., Cussonneau J.P., Decowski M.P., De Perio P., Gangi P.D., Giovanni A.D., Diglio S., Elykov A., Eurin G., Fei J., Ferella A.D., Fieguth A., Fulgione W., Gaemers P., Rosso A.G., Galloway M., Gao F., Garbini M., Grandi L., Greene Z., Hasterok C., Hogenbirk E., Howlett J., Iacovacci M., Itay R., Joerg F., Kazama S., Kish A., Kobayashi M., Koltman G., Kopec A., Landsman H., Lang R.F., Levinson L., Lin Q., Lindemann S., Lindner M., Lombardi F., Lopes J.A.M., Fune E.L., MacOlino C., Mahlstedt J., Manfredini A., Marignetti F., Undagoitia T.M., Masbou J., Masson D., Mastroianni S., Messina M., Micheneau K., Miller K., Molinario A., Mora K., Mosbacher Y., Murra M., Naganoma J., Ni K., Oberlack U., Odgers K., Pelssers B., Peres R., Piastra F., Pienaar J., Pizzella V., Plante G., Podviianiuk R., Qiu H., Garcia D.R., Reichard S., Riedel B., Rocchetti A., Rupp N., Santos J.M.F.D., Sartorelli G., Sarcevic N., Scheibelhut M., Schindler S., Schreiner J., Schulte D., Schumann M., Lavina L.S., Selvi M., Shagin P., Shockley E., Silva M., Simgen H., Therreau C., Thers D., Toschi F., Trinchero G., Tunnell C.D., Upole N., Vargas M., Volta G., Wack O., Wang H., Wei Y., Weinheimer C., Wenz D., Wittweg C., Wulf J., Ye J., Zhang Y., Zhu T., Zopounidis J.P., Collaboration F.T.X., Pieracci M., Tintori C., XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Barge, D., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Butikofer, L., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., De Perio, P., Gangi, P. D., Giovanni, A. D., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Rosso, A. G., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., Fune, E. L., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. M., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Mora, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Qiu, H., Garcia, D. R., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Santos, J. M. F. D., Sartorelli, G., Sarcevic, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Lavina, L. S., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C. D., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Volta, G., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Collaboration, F. T. X., Pieracci, M., and Tintori, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Data acquisition, Software, Front-end electronics for detector readout, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Data acquisition concept, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Control and monitor systems online, Detector, Bandwidth (signal processing), Data acquisition concepts, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software), business, Energy (signal processing), Computer hardware
Abstract

The XENON1T liquid xenon time projection chamber is the most sensitive detector built to date for the measurement of direct interactions of weakly interacting massive particles with normal matter. The data acquisition system (DAQ) is constructed from commercial, open source, and custom components to digitize signals from the detector and store them for later analysis. The system achieves an extremely low signal threshold below a tenth of a photoelectron using a parallelized readout with the global trigger deferred to a later, software stage. The event identification is based on MongoDB database queries and has over 97% efficiency at recognizing interactions at the analysis energy threshold. A readout bandwidth over 300 MB/s is reached in calibration modes and is further expandable via parallelization. This DAQ system was successfully used during three years of operation of XENON1T., 14 pages, 6 figures, submitted to JINST; Version 2 with minor updates to text

Published
2019
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34. Lucian’s Alexander: technoprophecy, thaumatology and the poetics of wonder

Author

K Ni Mheallaigh

Subjects
Poetics, media_common.quotation_subject, Art history, Art, Marie curie, Wonder, media_common
Abstract

This article was written whilst I was a Marie Curie research fellow at the Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, and I gratefully acknowledge both the funding and the resources of AIAS and Aarhus University

Published
2018
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36. Characterization and proteomic profiling of pancreatic cancer-derived serum exosomes

Author

Ming‐B. Xiao, Jin‐X. Liu, Jing Zhu, Cui‐H. Lu, Run‐Z. Ni, Zhao‐X. Liu, Yu‐J. Jiao, Li‐S. Qu, Dan‐D. Jin, Wen‐K. Ni, and Feng Jiang

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Proteome, Biology, Exosomes, Biochemistry, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Western blot, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Pancreatic cancer, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, ExoCarta, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, KEGG, Databases, Protein, Molecular Biology, Proteomic Profile, medicine.diagnostic_test, Proteomic Profiling, Gene Expression Profiling, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, Microvesicles, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Pancreatic Neoplasms, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Algorithms, Chromatography, Liquid, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancers known worldwide, and its prognosis is poor in most patients. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles, which are released from various cell types. They are involved in cellular communication. The diagnosis and treatment of PC were improved substantially with exosomes. In this study, we isolated PC-derived exosomes and investigated their proteomic profile. Then, we conducted bioinformatic analysis on proteomic data. Differential ultracentrifugation was performed to isolate exosomes from human serum samples and four PC cell lines. Transmission electron microscopy and Western blot analysis were used to characterize the isolated exosomes. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was conducted to identify the proteome of serum exosomes. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that all the serum exosomes were derived from three cohorts of human subjects; these serum exosomes contained a total of 655 proteins, out of which 315 proteins overlapped with ExoCarta database. Gene oncology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analyses provided the functional annotation of the proteome. Interestingly, 18 or 14 proteins were upregulated and 11 or 14 proteins were downregulated in serum exosomes derived from patients with PC as compared with in serum exosomes derived from healthy volunteers or from pancreatitis patients respectively. Annexin A11, a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, was expressed in a PC cell line (CFPAC-1)-derived exosomes and in tumor tissues of patients with PC, respectively. Our data provided a basic foundation for further studies on the protein composition of PC-derived exosomes and its involvement in PC biology.

Published
2018

38. Historical and experimental evidence for enhanced concentration of artemesinin, a global anti-malarial treatment, with recent and projected increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide

Author

A S Khan, Gang Liu, Anthony J. McMichael, Jianguo Zhu, Xi Zhang, Qing Zeng, Lei Cheng, Chaodong Zhu, Lewis H. Ziska, Kristie L. Ebi, and K Ni

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, Plant growth, Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere, Human health, Anti malarial, Nutrient, biology, Agronomy, Botany, Artemisia annua, Annual plant, biology.organism_classification
Abstract

Although the role of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] on plant growth and fecundity is widely acknowledged as important within the scientific community; less research is available regarding the impact of [CO2] on secondary plant compounds, even though such compounds can play a significant role in human health. At present, Artemisia annua, an annual plant species native to China, is widely recognized as the primary source of artemesinin used in artemesinin combination therapies or ACTs. ACTs, in turn, are used globally for the treatment of simple Plasmodium falciparum malaria, the predominant form of malaria in Africa. In this study, artemesinin concentration was quantified for multiple A. annua populations in China using a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) system as a function of [CO2]-induced changes both in situ and as a function of the foliar ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C:N). The high correlation between artemesinin concentration and C:N allowed an historical examination of A. annua leaves collected at 236 locations throughout China from 1905 through 2009. Both the historical and experimental data indicate that increases in artemesinin foliar concentration are likely to continue in parallel with the ongoing increase in atmospheric [CO2]. The basis for the [CO2]-induced increase in artemesinin is unclear, but could be related to the carbon: nutrient hypothesis of Bryant et al. (1983). Overall, these data provide the first evidence that historic and projected increases in atmospheric [CO2] may be associated with global changes in artemesinin chemistry, potentially allowing a greater quantity of drug available for the same area of cultivation.

Published
2015
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39. Hubungan Lama Penggunaan Obat Anti Tuberkulosis dengan Efek Samping pada Pasien Tb Mdr Rawat Jalan di Rsup Sanglah Denpasar

Author

Pratiwi, N. K. (Ni), Pratiwi, N. K. (Ni), Yowani, S. C. (Sagung), Sajinadiyasa, I. G. (I), Pratiwi, N. K. (Ni), Pratiwi, N. K. (Ni), Yowani, S. C. (Sagung), and Sajinadiyasa, I. G. (I)

Abstract

Kasus tuberkulosis resisten obat ganda telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius. Penatalaksanaan klinis TB MDR menggunakan OAT (obat anti tuberkulosis) lini I yang masih sensitif dan lini II, sehingga risiko efek samping lebih berat dan waktu pengobatan lebih lama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan lama terapi penggunaan obat anti tuberkulosis dengan efek samping obat pada pasien tuberkulosis resisten obat ganda (TB MDR). Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Sanglah Kota Denpasar pada periode Desember 2015 sampai Pebruari 2016 dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan retrospektif. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah pasien TB MDR rawat jalan di RSUP Sanglah Kota Denpasar. Data rekam medis pasien digunakan untuk mengetahui lama terapi serta efek samping yang dikeluhkan pasien kemudian data tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan analisis uji Fisher Exact. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh 15 pasien TB MDR yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai sampel. Terdapat sebanyak 10 pasien (66,67%) dengan efek samping ringan dan sebanyak 2 pasien (13,33%) yang mengalami efek samping berat. Tiga pasien TB MDR (20%) sebaliknya tidak mengalami keluhan atau efek samping sama sekali. Hasil analisis dengan uji Fisher Exact menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara lama terapi dengan efek samping obat (p=0,515).

Published
2016

40. The Influence of Gymnastic Brain Towards Elderly's Memory in Persatuan Wredatama Republik Indonesia (Pwri) Cab. Denpasar

Author

Gandari, N. K. (Ni), Gandari, N. K. (Ni), Gandari, N. K. (Ni), and Gandari, N. K. (Ni)

Abstract

Aging is a natural processwhuch somebody has been through three stages in life, chilkdre, adult and elder. Entering an old age means suffered a setback, for example  a physical setback characterized by loosened skin, whitened hair, toothless, clear less hearing, deteriorating voision, slow motion, unprofessional body's figure. The disorder involving higher integrative system  is  mental disorder, maturity minded disorder, impairment consciousness, and memory. The memory depression can be treated by various kind of sport such as elderly gymnastic and gymnastic brain. Gymnastic barin is series of simple exercise motion that help to optimized a function of all sorts of the center which is in the human brain.   The purpose of this study aimed at finding the influence of gymnastic brain towards elderly's memry. This study used pre experimental with one group pre-post test design with the total sample about 30 respondent used random sampling. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon test to compare the pretest and posttest result.    Statistical test obtained that increasing score of memory about happened 23,3 acquired from  score 46,7 ( pretest result ) increase to 70,0 ( posttest result ) with p = 0,000. Based on the study result could be concluded that there were significamt influence of gymnastic brain provisions toward elderly's memory. &nbsp

Published
2016

41. Pengaruh Pemberian Air Kelapa Muda Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Penderita Hipertensi Di Banjar Pisang Desa Taro Kabupaten Gianyar

Author

Gandari, N. K. (Ni), Gandari, N. K. (Ni), Agustini, I. R. (IGA), Gandari, N. K. (Ni), Gandari, N. K. (Ni), and Agustini, I. R. (IGA)

Abstract

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a disease characterized by increasing blood pressure above the normal limit with systolic is more than 140 mmHg and diastolic is over 90 mmHg. Unhealthy lifestyle like consuming higher salinity food, junk food, food containing cholesterol, and lack of physical activities can increase the number of hypertension case. Many things can be done to lower high blood pressure such as by applying non-pharmacological therapy, one of them is by granting young coconut water, it has some contents like sugar, vitamin C, protein, calcium, potassium, and magnesium. High content of potassium in young coconut water can lower blood pressure of the hypertension patients. This study aimed at knowing the influence of granting young coconut water for lowering blood pressure of hypertension patients. This study used pre experimental design with one group pretest and posttest design with the number of sample was 72 respondents using purposive sampling. The data was analyzed using Wilcoxon test to compare pretest and posttest result. The result of this study showed that there was a significant influence between the average of pre and post after granting young coconut water and z value was 5,729 and z table with a = 1,96 meant that z value was higher than z table therefore it could be concluded that there was an influence of granting young coconut water for lowering high blood pressure of hypertension patients in Banjar Pisang Taro village Gianyar regency. &nbsp

Published
2016

42. Tumbuh Kembang Anak(kajian Psikolinguistik) Pengaruh Media Elektronik Televisi Terhadap Akuisisi Bahasa Anak

Author

Purwaningsih, N. K. (Ni), Purwaningsih, N. K. (Ni), Dewi, S. P. (Si), Lindawati, N. P. (Ni), Purwaningsih, N. K. (Ni), Purwaningsih, N. K. (Ni), Dewi, S. P. (Si), and Lindawati, N. P. (Ni)

Abstract

The influence of television to language acquisitioncan be generated by observing three years old boy, named Aditya. The method of collecting data was obtained through observation and conversation method which was carried out in Aditya's house. The data collected was oral speech from the object of the researchwith his partner during playing, talking, and monologue. This research is expected to be beneficial in monitoring the children's language acquisition and become warning against all forms of children's language acquisition from the television.Language acquisition referred to syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and phonology aspect and also various lexicon which could be memorized by the children from television.

Published
2016

44. The XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment

Author

E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, B. Antunes, F. Arneodo, M. Balata, P. Barrow, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, A. Breskin, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, J. Calvén, J. M. R. Cardoso, M. Cervantes, A. Chiarini, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, R. Corrieri, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, J.-M. Disdier, M. Doets, E. Duchovni, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, D. Franco, D. Front, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Geis, K.-L. Giboni, L. W. Goetzke, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Grignon, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, C. Huhmann, R. Itay, A. James, B. Kaminsky, S. Kazama, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, R. Maier, A. Manfredini, I. Maris, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Masson, D. Mayani, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, A. Molinario, K. Morå, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, D. Orlandi, R. Othegraven, P. Pakarha, S. Parlati, B. Pelssers, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, M.-C. Piro, G. Plante, N. Priel, D. Ramírez García, L. Rauch, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, R. Saldanha, G. Sartorelli, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, M. v. Sivers, M. Stern, A. Stein, D. Tatananni, L. Tatananni, D. Thers, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, M. Vargas, O. Wack, R. Walet, H. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, XENON Collaboration, XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées ( SUBATECH ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), XENON, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Amaro, F.D., Anthony, M., Antunes, B., Arneodo, F., Balata, M., Barrow, P., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Benabderrahmane, M.L., Berger, T., Breskin, A., Breur, P.A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bütikofer, L., Calvén, J., Cardoso, J.M.R., Cervantes, M., Chiarini, A., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., Corrieri, R., Cussonneau, J.P., Decowski, M.P., de Perio, P., Gangi, P. Di, Giovanni, A. Di, Diglio, S., Disdier, J.-M., Doets, M., Duchovni, E., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A.D., Fieguth, A., Franco, D., Front, D., Fulgione, W., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Giboni, K.-L., Goetzke, L.W., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Grignon, C., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Huhmann, C., Itay, R., James, A., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R.F., Lellouch, D., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J.A.M., Maier, R., Manfredini, A., Maris, I., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Masbou, J., Massoli, F.V., Masson, D., Mayani, D., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Orlandi, D., Othegraven, R., Pakarha, P., Parlati, S., Pelssers, B., Persiani, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Piro, M.-C., Plante, G., Priel, N., García, D. Ramírez, Rauch, L., Reichard, S., Reuter, C., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Rupp, N., Santos, J.M.Fdos., Saldanha, R., Sartorelli, G., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Sivers, Mv., Stern, M., Stein, A., Tatananni, D., Tatananni, L., Thers, D., Tiseni, A., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Wack, O., Walet, R., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
xenon: target, Photomultiplier, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), WIMP, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), XENON, Xenon, background: low, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QB460-466, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Dark Matter, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysique, Physics, Scintillation, xenon: liquid, Time projection chamber, photomultiplier, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), dark matter: detector, time projection chamber, chemistry, lcsh:QC770-798, TPC, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], performance, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The XENON1T experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) is the first WIMP dark matter detector operating with a liquid xenon target mass above the ton-scale. Out of its 3.2 t liquid xenon inventory, 2.0 t constitute the active target of the dual-phase time projection chamber. The scintillation and ionization signals from particle interactions are detected with low-background photomultipliers. This article describes the XENON1T instrument and its subsystems as well as strategies to achieve an unprecedented low background level. First results on the detector response and the performance of the subsystems are also presented. © 2017, The Author(s)., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2017
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46. Premature polyadenylation of MAGI3 is associated with diminished N

Author

Thomas K, Ni, Jessica S, Elman, Dexter X, Jin, Piyush B, Gupta, and Charlotte, Kuperwasser

Subjects
Adenosine, BRCA1 Protein, Membrane Proteins, Breast Neoplasms, Exons, respiratory system, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Polyadenylation, Introns, Article, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Female, RNA, Messenger
Abstract

In cancer, tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are frequently truncated, causing their encoded products to be non-functional or dominant-negative. We previously showed that premature polyadenylation (pPA) of MAGI3 truncates the gene, switching its functional role from a TSG to a dominant-negative oncogene. Here we report that MAGI3 undergoes pPA at the intron immediately downstream of its large internal exon, which is normally highly modified by N6-methyladenosine (m6A). In breast cancer cells that upregulate MAGI3pPA, m6A levels in the large internal exon of MAGI3 are significantly reduced compared to cells that do not express MAGI3pPA. We further find that MAGI3pPA transcripts are significantly depleted of m6A modifications, in contrast to highly m6A-modified full-length MAGI3 mRNA. Finally, we analyze public expression data and find that other TSGs, including LATS1 and BRCA1, also undergo intronic pPA following large internal exons, and that m6A levels in these exons are reduced in pPA-activated breast cancer cells relative to untransformed mammary cells. Our study suggests that m6A may play a role in regulating intronic pPA of MAGI3 and possibly other TSGs, warranting further investigation.

Published
2017

47. Learning Medical Pharmacology through Role-Playing Method

Author

AA Khosravi Larijani, F Malakoutinejad, AY Yadollahzade, AM Rezaee Majd, S Kavousi, SMH Mohammadi, MA Ghasemi Darzi, K Nikbakhsh Zati, A Sadrzade, F Mahmoudi, E Saheb Zamani, A Haji Hosseini, AR Mojaddad, M Ahmadian, MY Pourtaghi, R Nikkhou Amiri, P Halalkhor Mirkolaei, M Rasoulpour Roshan, MH Alijani Ganji, E Asgari, H Pooshide, F Zamani, AH Hosseini, S Abbasi, H Azizi Lari, and AA Moghadamnia

Subjects
medical pharmacology, role-playing pedagogy, student-centered learning, learning consolidation, effective learning, mastery learning., Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background and Objective: Traditional methods of medical education, despite being easy to implement, do not have long-lasting efficiency. The main aim of this study is to use the help of the learners to teach parts of the medical pharmacology course using role-playing pedagogy. This was done for the first time in Babol University of Medical Sciences with the cooperation of medical students who entered the university in 2016. Methods: Students were divided into 5 groups and a group leader was introduced for each group. Five topics were selected and corresponding scenarios were written. There were three to seven people in each group. The physician together with the hypothetical resident or student examined the patient's problems and prescribed medicine and gave them the necessary recommendations. All participants were given a pre-test and a post-test, and then the findings were statistically analyzed. Findings: 101 students (49 girls and 52 boys) with a mean age of 21.43±1.14 years participated in the study. Except for the topic of poisoning, the mean difference in pre- and post-test scores of female students was lower than that of male students. For example, this difference was observed in the topic of Parkinsonism (p

Published
2023

48. Assessing nutritive value and in vitro ruminal dry matter digestibility of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera L.) at the different cutting heights

Author

X. Liu, Y. Lin, K. Ni, L. Guo, C. Tang, X. Wang, F. Yang, and X. Yang

Subjects
Animal science, biology, Paper mulberry, Dry matter, Broussonetia, biology.organism_classification, Value (mathematics)
Abstract

Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera L.) is a type of emerging feed and very popular with its high nutrition and low-cost value. Purpose of the experiment was to evaluate the nutrient contents, amino acids content and in vitro ruminal dry matter digestibility of paper mulberry cut at four different heights (60, 90, 120, and 150 cm). Paper mulberry harvested at 60 and 90 cm increased the content of crude protein water-soluble carbohydrate, calcium and total amino acids (P0.05), but the lowest content of condensed tannin was measured at 150 cm (Pin vitro ruminal dry matter digestibility, the sample cut at 150 cm was the lowest in all samples (P

Published
2019
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49. Identification of FUBP1 as a Long Tail Cancer Driver and Widespread Regulator of Tumor Suppressor and Oncogene Alternative Splicing

Author

Stephen J. Elledge, Charlotte Kuperwasser, Ania Wronski, Dexter X. Jin, Jessica S Elman, Kristen E. Mengwasser, and Thomas K. Ni

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Tumor suppressor gene, RNA methylation, Cellular differentiation, Biology, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Humans, Genes, Tumor Suppressor, Neoplastic transformation, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Gene, Alternative splicing, RNA-Binding Proteins, Oncogenes, Cell biology, DNA-Binding Proteins, Alternative Splicing, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), chemistry, RNA splicing, N6-Methyladenosine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

SUMMARY Comprehensive sequencing approaches have allowed for the identification of the most frequent contributors to cancer, known as drivers. They have also revealed a class of mutations in understudied, infrequently altered genes, referred to as “long tail” (LT) drivers. A key challenge has been to find clinically relevant LT drivers and to understand how they cooperate to drive disease. Here, we identified far upstream binding protein 1 (FUBP1) as an LT driver using an in vivo CRISPR screen. FUBP1 cooperates with other tumor suppressor genes to transform mammary epithelial cells by disrupting cellular differentiation and tissue architecture. Mechanistically, FUBP1 participates in regulating N6-methyladeno-sine (m6A) RNA methylation, and its loss leads to global changes in RNA splicing and widespread expression of aberrant driver isoforms. These findings suggest that somatic alteration of a single gene involved in RNA splicing and m6A methylation can produce the necessary panoply of contributors for neoplastic transformation., Graphical Abstract, In Brief Elman et al. identify FUBP1 as a long tail cancer driver using a combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 screen. FUBP1 and PTEN cooperate to transform mammary epithelial cells by disrupting cellular differentiation and tissue architecture. FUBP1−/− cells exhibit decreased m6A RNA methylation, leading to widespread expression of aberrant driver isoforms.

Published
2019
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50. Spatial and temporal variability of mangrove ecosystems in the Cu Lao Cham-Hoi An Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam

Author

Tran N. K. Ni, Le V. Tuan, Isuzu Saizen, Hoang C. Tin, and Robert Catherman

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Sustainable development, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Agroforestry, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biosphere, Distribution (economics), Climate change, Species diversity, Aquatic Science, Local economic development, Spatial distribution, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Animal Science and Zoology, Mangrove, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems in central Vietnam play an important role in protecting the coast line; reducing erosion and salinization; as well as regulating climate. Mangrove ecosystems in Cu Lao Cham-Hoi An Biosphere Reserve contribute significantly to the role of coastal protection, climate change resilience, and local economic development. Historical satellite remote sensing data, intensive field surveys and GIS techniques have been employed in many tropical areas worldwide to detect mangrove changes. The objective of this study is to use Landsat imagery covering the past 44 years (1973–2016) to study historical changes of the mangrove ecosystems in the Cu Lao Cham-Hoi An Biosphere Reserve and to document the current distribution of species diversity in the Reserve’s mangrove ecosystems. The field surveys and analysis of satellite remote sensing data revealed that the mangrove ecosystem in Cu Lao Cham-Hoi An Biosphere Reserve has fluctuated significantly in both temporal and spatial distribution. This study has newly documented eight mangrove species to the inventory of the Cu Lao Cham-Hoi An Biosphere Reserve mangroves species composition. This study is regarded as the first study using multi-spectral satellite remote sensing image to assess the distribution status and historical changes of mangrove ecosystems in central Vietnam. The outcomes can contribute to assessing the dynamic trends of coastal ecosystem changes during the past 44 years to provide sustainable development strategies for the area.

Published
2019
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