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This study aimed to evaluate the resistance levels of strains of Candida albicans to the antifungals commonly used in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire. This is a prospective study that was carried out from July to October 2017 at the mycology laboratory of the Institut Pasteur of Cote d’Ivoire. 105 Candida isolates, obtained from swabs taken from patients receiving out-patient treatment, were seeded on chromogenic medium. Identification of Candida species was carried out by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (Vitek MS bioMerieux). The susceptibility of C. albicans strains to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole was evaluated using the microdilution technique in a semi-solid medium to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration with the ATB1 Fungus 3 kit. Out of 105 Candida strains, 68 (64.8%), including C. albicans, were identified on the chromogenic medium and confirmed by MALDI-TOF spectrometry. These C. albicans strains exhibited varying levels of resistance to the antifungals tested: 1.5% for 5-fluorocytosine, 26.3% for fluconazole, 39.7% for itraconazole, 27.9% for voriconazole. No resistance to amphotericin B was observed. C. albicans strains taken from ear pus swabs exhibited greater resistance (P = 0.0113). C. albicans is developing increasing resistance to common antifungals, hence the need for regular surveillance in resource-poor countries. Key words: Candidiasis, Candida albicans, resistance, mycosis, antifungual drug.

Resume Objectif Cette etude vise a identifier les levures presentes dans l’attieke commercialise sur nos marches. Materiel et methodes Cette etude transversale et descriptive portant sur 103 echantillons d’attieke preleve sur differents sites de ventes dans trois (3) communes de la ville d’Abidjan (Cocody, Abobo, Yopougon) est realisee au laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie de l’institut Pasteur de Cote d’Ivoire, sur une periode de deux mois (aout–septembre 2017). Pour chaque echantillon d’attieke, il a ete fait une culture sur milieu YGC (yeast glucose chloramphenicol). Pour les cultures positives, il a ete realise denombrement des colonies, une culture et une identification des especes sur milieu chromogene et confirmees par la spectrometrie de masse MALDI-TOF. Resultats Au total, 63 echantillons ont ete contamines par des champignons soit 61,1 %. Les levures ont ete retrouvees sur 59 echantillons, soit 57,2 %. Candida rugosa a ete plus frequemment isole (62,7 %) suivi de Candida albicans (8,5 %), Candida krusei (8,5 %) et Candida tropicalis (8,5 %). Geotrichum candidum a ete retrouve dans 6,8 %. La charge moyenne de levures est de 10 124 × 102 UFC/g avec une forte contamination de l’attieke commercialise dans la commune d’Abobo. Conclusion La contamination de l’attieke par les levures est une realite. C. rugosa representait l’espece la plus frequente. Il serait necessaire d’investiguer la chaine alimentaire afin de determiner l’origine de la contamination.

This study aims to identify yeasts from commercial attiéké.This descriptive cross-sectional survey involving 103 samples of attiéké sold on the market from August to September 2017. It was conducted from the mycology laboratory of the Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire. The samples were seeded on YGC medium. The colonies of positive culture were counted and seeded again on chromogen medium. Identification of yeasts species was carried out by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (Vitek MS bioMérieux).As a whole, 63 samples were contaminated with fungi i.e. an overall prevalence of 61.1 %. Fifty-nine of yeasts were identified i.e. 57.2 %. Candida rugosa was most frequently isolated (62.7 %), followed by Ccandida albicans (8.5 %), Candida krusei (8.5 %) et Candida tropicalis (8.5 %). Geotrichum candidum represented 6.8 % isolated yeasts. The yeast average load is 10,124×10The contamination of attiéké by yeasts is a reality. C. rugosa was most frequently isolated. It would be necessary to investigate the food chain to determine the source of contamination.