Search

Aim of the study: To determine the parenchymal vascularity of the thyroid gland with color superb microvascular imaging in patients with Graves’ disease, and compare the vascularization index values with healthy subjects. Materials and methods: The thyroid glands of 37 patients whose laboratory and clinical findings were consistent with Graves’ disease, and 40 asymptomatic subjects with normal laboratory values, were examined using color superb microvascular imaging. Measurements of the vascularization index were performed with a free region of interest which was drawn along the outer margin of the gland on the color superb microvascular imaging mode. The vascularization index values obtained in the Graves’ disease and control groups were compared. A correlation analysis was performed between the vascularization index values and laboratory and grayscale US parameters. Results: The median vascularization index value of the thyroid parenchyma in patients with Graves’ disease was significantly higher than in the asymptomatic group [median (min–max); 12 (2.3–32.1) vs 5.04 (1.1–10.8), p

Aim of the study: This study aimed to examine the role of superb microvascular imaging and shear wave elastography for the pre-surgical evaluation of common parotid tumors. Material and methods: This single-center prospective study included 37 patients with parotid gland lesions. After institutional review board approval, grayscale, shear wave elastography and superb microvascular imaging ultrasound examinations were performed prior to biopsy or operation. The diagnosis of the lesions was based on cytological/pathological evaluation after the ultrasound examinations. Pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to obtain a cut-off value. A multivariate regression analysis was carried out. Results: The mean age of the patients (11 female, 26 male) was 48.2 ± 18. The shear wave elastography parameters of the lesions were not significantly different between pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors, while the vascular index obtained by using superb microvascular imaging was significantly different (p = 0.012). The mean vascular index was 2.9 ± 3.1 in pleomorphic adenomas, and 9.5 ± 9.5 in Warthin tumors. A cut-off value of 4.05 for the vascular index discriminated pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumors with 68% sensitivity and 72% specificity (the area under the curve was 0.768). Conclusion: Superb microvascular imaging is a novel ultrasound imaging technique which is useful for the discrimination of pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors.

Oyun, çocuklar için hayatı keşfetme aracı ve en temel bir ihtiyaçlardandır. Günümüz dijital dünyasının yeni sakinleri olan çocukların oyun arkadaşları da dijital oyunlardır. Dijital oyunların çocukların gelişimi üzerindeki olumsuz etkileriyle alakalı pek çok araştırma yapılmış olsa da dinî-ahlaki gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerine dair araştırmaların sayısı sınırlıdır. Çalışma simülasyon oyunlarından biri olan Judgement Day: Tanrı’nın Meleği oyununun çocukların ahlaki-dinî gelişimleri başta olmak üzere temel gelişim alanlarında ortaya çıkarabileceği olumsuz etkileri ve riskleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye’de çok fazla indirilme oranını sahip olan Judgement Day: Tanrı’nın Meleği oyununun seçilme nedeni oyunun yapısı, tasarımı, ara yüzü, oynama kolaylığı açısından orta çocukluk dönemindeki 7-12 yaş çocuklar tarafından çokça tercih edilmesidir. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmış elde edilen veriler ise içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda oyun ileri seviyelere kadar oynanmış ve oyunda çocukların dinî-ahlaki gelişimi başta olmak üzere temel gelişim alanlarını olumsuz etkileyebilecek, risk oluşturabilecek içerik ve temalar analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular Dinî Gelişimi Olumsuz Etkileyebilecek Ögeler, Ahlak-Değerler Gelişimini Olumsuz Etkileyebilecek Ögeler, Diğer Temel Gelişim Alanlarını Olumsuz Etkileyebilecek Ögeler olmak üzere üç başlık altında sunulmuştur. Oyunda yer alan sembol, öncül, yönerge, mekânsal özellik ve içeriğin dini-ahlaki gelişim başta olmak üzere diğer gelişim alanlarını (sosyal duygusal gelişim, cinsel gelişim, öz-bakım beceriler) olumsuz etkileyebilecek öğeler ve riskler barındırdığı belirlenmiştir.

Abstract Aims: To investigate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) texture analysis (TA) in the detection of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Material and methods: Between January 2020 and October 2021, 15 NPC patients with 32 metastatic lymph nodes and 30 healthy subjects with benign lymph nodes were included in the study. The texture features compared between metastatic and benign lymph nodes. The independent predictor parameters of metastatic lymph nodes were determined using multivariate regression analysis. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the regression models. Results: The first order texture features did not differ significantly between groups (p>0.05). Except for correlation in metastatic lymph nodes, all gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and gray-level run length matrix (GLRLM) features were significantly different (p

White blood cells (WBCs), which are part of the immune system, help our body fight infections and other diseases. Certain diseases can cause our body to produce fewer WBCs than it needs. For this reason, WBCs are of great importance in the field of medical imaging. Artificial intelligence-based computer systems can assist experts in the analysis of WBCs. In this study, an approach is proposed for the automatic classification of WBCs over five different classes using a pre-trained model. ResNet-50, VGG-19, and MobileNet-V3-Small pre-trained models were trained with ImageNet weights. In the training, validation, and testing processes of the models, a public dataset containing 16,633 images and not having an even class distribution was used. While the ResNet-50 model reached 98.79% accuracy, the VGG-19 model reached 98.19% accuracy, the MobileNet-V3-Small model reached the highest accuracy rate with 98.86%. When the predictions of the MobileNet-V3-Small model are examined, it is seen that it is not affected by class dominance and can classify even the least sampled class images in the dataset correctly. WBCs were classified with high accuracy using the proposed pre-trained deep learning models. Experts can effectively use the proposed approach in the process of analyzing WBCs.

A computed tomography (CT) scan is an important radiological imaging method in diagnosing pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2. Within the scope of the study, three classes of automatic classification – COVID-19 pneumonia, healthy, and other pneumonia – were carried out. Using deep learning as a classifier, a total of 6,377 CT images were used, including 3,364 COVID-19 pneumonia, 1,766 healthy, and 1,247 other pneumonia images. A total of seven architectures, including the most recent convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures, MobileNetV2, ResNet-101, Xception, Inceptionv3, GoogLeNet, EfficientNetB0, and DenseNet201, were used in the study. The classification results were obtained using the CT images, and they were calculated using the feature images obtained by applying local binary patterns on the CT images. The results were then combined with the help of a pipeline algorithm. The results revealed that the best overall accuracy result obtained by using CNN architectures could be improved by 4.87% with a two-step pipeline algorithm. In addition, significant improvements were achieved in all other measurement parameters within the scope of the study. At the end of the study, the highest sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F-1 score, and Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) values obtained for the COVID-19 pneumonia class were 0.9004, 0.8901, 0.8956, 0.9010, and 0.9600, respectively. The highest overall accuracy value was 0.8332. The most important output of the work carried out is the demonstration that the results obtained with the most successful CNN architectures used in previous studies can be significantly improved thanks to pipeline algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Pektus ekskavatum çocuklarda en sık görülen doğumsal göğüs duvarı anomalisidir. Bu çalışmada minimal invaziv cerrahi yapılan pektus ekskavatum hastalarında akciğer hacimlerinin kantitatif BT volumetri ile araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra, Ocak 2012 ile Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasında minimal invaziv pektus ekskavatum cerrahisi yapılmış hastalar retrospektif olarak tarandı. Preoperatif ve postoperatif BT incelemesi bulunan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. BT görüntüleri iş istasyonuna aktarılarak akciğer hacimleri ve Haller indeksleri hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların 11 erkek, 1 kadın ortalama yaşları 16,3 ± 3,7 bulundu. Postoperatif akciğer hacimlerinde anlamlı düzeyde artış saptandı. Total akciğer hacimlerindeki ortalama artış 695 ± 691 ml idi. Preoperatif Haller indeksi ortalaması 3,1’den 2,7’ye düştü ve arada anlamlı fark vardı p=0,002 . Sonuç: Kantitatif BT volumetri, minimal invaziv cerrahi yapılan pektus ekskavatum hastalarında akciğer hacmindeki değişiklikleri değerlendirilmesinde yararlı bilgiler sağlamaktadır

Cattle disorders affecting the sphenoid sinus are underreported, likely due to difficulties in imaging and lacking topographic knowledge. This study aimed to provide a detailed description of the normal anatomical and morphometric features of the cattle sphenoid sinus. Twelve healthy adult Holstein cow heads were used, and the sinus was examined using CT, anatomical sectioning and 3D modelling. The sinus was bilaterally detected in all animals but exhibited structural asymmetry and significant interindividual differences in morphological characteristics. Three parts of the sinus were defined, namely the rostral, median and alar parts, which conform to the morphological structure of the sphenoid bone. The rostral part was bilateral in shape and located on the orbit wall of the presphenoid bone in all animals. The median part, which pneumatized the body of the sphenoid bone, was observed bilaterally in seven animals, while the alar part, which pneumatized the wing of the sphenoid bone, was formed bilaterally in four animals. The sinus volume and surface area were 11 ± 8 cm3 and 49 ± 30 cm2, respectively. These findings may aid in the diagnosis of cattle sphenoid sinus disorders and contribute to the knowledge of regional anatomy for radiologists and clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his 1958 study trip to China, Danish architect Jørn Utzon (1918–2008) acquired two copies of the 1925-edition Yingzao fashi (Chinese Building Standards), first published in 1103 AD. Utzon’s own Yingzao fashi meticulously documented the imperial building practice in feudal China with numerous illustrations. The monograph later became one of the most important sources for Utzon to study the design, structure, construction and decoration of Chinese monuments during his enduring interest in Chinese building culture. However, the precise role of Utzon’s ideas and ideals inspired by the Yingzao fashi in the Opera House design still remains largely unexplored. By surveying the primary sources in The Utzon Archives, the State Library of New South Wales and the architectural collection of Utzon’s family, as well as interviewing his staff and colleagues, the authors argue the Yingzao fashi delivered an important impact both on the aesthetic ideal and architectonic characteristics of Utzon’s Opera House design. This presents that illustrations of Utzon’s Yingzao fashi served not only as a conceptual means to initiate his design but also as practical implements for him and his team to solve the problems of design, production and construction, before their forced resignation in 1966.

Copyright of Tetkik is the property of Oku Okut Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of the study was to measure the lung volume of patients with a diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome using quantitative lung computed tomography volumetry and to compare lung volumes of patients with or without lung involvement which were computed from initial chest computed tomography and last chest computed tomography obtained at least 5 years later. Methods: After obtaining institutional review board approval, patients with Sjögren's syndrome who underwent chest computed tomography twice over at least a 5-year period between November 2012 and November 2022 were retrospectively included in the study. A total of 37 patients with Sjögren's syndrome were separated into 2 groups: the lung involvement group (22 patients) and the normal lung group (15 patients). A vast majority of the study participants were female (36 females and 1 male). The mean age of the study population was 54 ± 8.9 months. Total, right, and left lung volumes were calculated using automated software (Pulmo 3D and Syngo via). Computed tomography images were evaluated by 2 radiologists to understand whether there was lung involvement by consensus. Lung volumes measured from the initial and last computed tomographies were compared in both groups. Results: Total, right, and left lung volumes measured from the initial and last computed tomographies were not statistically different in both groups (P values are .238, .271, .294, .123, .213, and .511, respectively). However, when the lung volumes of patients with Sjögren's syndrome are compared between normal lung group and lung involvement group, patients with lung involvement have lower lung volume values than patients without lung involvement (P = .034 for total lung volume). Conclusion: Regardless of the lung involvement, the lung volumes of patients with Sjögren's syndrome were not significantly different after at least 5 years. Sjögren's syndrome patients with lung involvement have smaller lung volumes when compared to the counterparts without lung involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurement uncertainty is a metrological concept that characterizes distributions/variations that can make the measurement results logical and is linked to the result of the measurement. The measurement uncertainty of the method was estimated using two basic approaches (top-down and bottom-up approach). The top-down approach covers in-house validation data (trueness, repeatability and intra-lab reproducibility), while the bottom-up approach involves individual contributions to all uncertainty at each stage of the analysis/process. We estimated measurement uncertainty of BPA analysis by HPLC-FLD test according to JCGM GUM and EURACHEM-CITAC guidelines. The relative expanded uncertainties at the BPA concentration by the bottom-up approach and top-down approaches were ±3.2% and ±4.8% respectively (95% confidence interval, k=2). Thus, although it is seen that the results of the two approaches are different in chromatographic BPA analysis, it is concluded that the measurement uncertainty related to BPA analysis, especially in food analysis laboratories, can be determined by a simpler topdown approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]