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The BeyondPlanck and Cosmoglobe collaborations have implemented the first integrated Bayesian end-to-end analysis pipeline for CMB experiments. The primary long-term motivation for this work is to develop a common analysis platform that supports efficient global joint analysis of complementary radio, microwave, and sub-millimeter experiments. A strict prerequisite for this to succeed is broad participation from the CMB community, and two foundational aspects of the program are therefore reproducibility and Open Science. In this paper, we discuss our efforts toward this aim. We also discuss measures toward facilitating easy code and data distribution, community-based code documentation, user-friendly compilation procedures, etc. This work represents the first publicly released end-to-end CMB analysis pipeline that includes raw data, source code, parameter files, and documentation. We argue that such a complete pipeline release should be a requirement for all major future and publicly-funded CMB experiments, noting that a full public release significantly increases data longevity by ensuring that the data quality can be improved whenever better processing techniques, complementary datasets, or more computing power become available, and thereby also taxpayers' value for money; providing only raw data and final products is not sufficient to guarantee full reproducibility in the future.

Background Machine learning techniques are increasingly being applied in health research. It is not clear how useful these approaches are for modeling continuous outcomes. Child quality of life is associated with parental socioeconomic status and physical activity and may be associated with aerobic fitness and strength. It is unclear whether diet or academic performance is associated with quality of life. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive performance of machine learning techniques with that of linear regression in examining the extent to which continuous outcomes (physical activity, aerobic fitness, muscular strength, diet, and parental education) are predictive of academic performance and quality of life and whether academic performance and quality of life are associated. Methods We modeled data from children attending 9 schools in a quasi-experimental study. We split data randomly into training and validation sets. Curvilinear, nonlinear, and heteroscedastic variables were simulated to examine the performance of machine learning techniques compared to that of linear models, with and without imputation. Results We included data for 1711 children. Regression models explained 24% of academic performance variance in the real complete-case validation set, and up to 15% in quality of life. While machine learning techniques explained high proportions of variance in training sets, in validation, machine learning techniques explained approximately 0% of academic performance and 3% to 8% of quality of life. With imputation, machine learning techniques improved to 15% for academic performance. Machine learning outperformed regression for simulated nonlinear and heteroscedastic variables. The best predictors of academic performance in adjusted models were the child’s mother having a master-level education (P Conclusions Linear regression was less prone to overfitting and outperformed commonly used machine learning techniques. Imputation improved the performance of machine learning, but not sufficiently to outperform regression. Machine learning techniques outperformed linear regression for modeling nonlinear and heteroscedastic relationships and may be of use in such cases. Regression with splines performed almost as well in nonlinear modeling. Lifestyle variables, including physical exercise, television and computer use, and parental education are predictive of academic performance or quality of life. Academic performance is associated with quality of life after adjusting for lifestyle variables and may offer another promising intervention target to improve quality of life in children.

In this essay, we use the outfits of Advanced Style and their challenge to the ideology of old age to theorize the rhetorical strategy of visual enactment. We propose that visual enactment involves...

We present the power spectrum methodology used for the first-season COMAP analysis, and assess the quality of the current data set. The main results are derived through the Feed-feed Pseudo-Cross-Spectrum (FPXS) method, which is a robust estimator with respect to both noise modeling errors and experimental systematics. We use effective transfer functions to take into account the effects of instrumental beam smoothing and various filter operations applied during the low-level data processing. The power spectra estimated in this way have allowed us to identify a systematic error associated with one of our two scanning strategies, believed to be due to residual ground or atmospheric contamination. We omit these data from our analysis and no longer use this scanning technique for observations. We present the power spectra from our first season of observing and demonstrate that the uncertainties are integrating as expected for uncorrelated noise, with any residual systematics suppressed to a level below the noise. Using the FPXS method, and combining data on scales $k=0.051-0.62 \,\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ we estimate $P_\mathrm{CO}(k) = -2.7 \pm 1.7 \times 10^4\mu\textrm{K}^2\mathrm{Mpc}^3$, the first direct 3D constraint on the clustering component of the CO(1-0) power spectrum in the literature., Comment: Paper 4 of 7 in series. 18 pages, 11 figures, as accepted in ApJ

We describe the first season COMAP analysis pipeline that converts raw detector readouts to calibrated sky maps. This pipeline implements four main steps: gain calibration, filtering, data selection, and map-making. Absolute gain calibration relies on a combination of instrumental and astrophysical sources, while relative gain calibration exploits real-time total-power variations. High efficiency filtering is achieved through spectroscopic common-mode rejection within and across receivers, resulting in nearly uncorrelated white noise within single-frequency channels. Consequently, near-optimal but biased maps are produced by binning the filtered time stream into pixelized maps; the corresponding signal bias transfer function is estimated through simulations. Data selection is performed automatically through a series of goodness-of-fit statistics, including $\chi^2$ and multi-scale correlation tests. Applying this pipeline to the first-season COMAP data, we produce a dataset with very low levels of correlated noise. We find that one of our two scanning strategies (the Lissajous type) is sensitive to residual instrumental systematics. As a result, we no longer use this type of scan and exclude data taken this way from our Season 1 power spectrum estimates. We perform a careful analysis of our data processing and observing efficiencies and take account of planned improvements to estimate our future performance. Power spectrum results derived from the first-season COMAP maps are presented and discussed in companion papers., Comment: Paper 3 of 7 in series. 26 pages, 23 figures, submitted to ApJ

Background Working in good jobs is associated with good health. High unemployment rates are reported in those disabled with musculoskeletal pain. Supported employment interventions work well for helping people with mental health difficulties to gain and retain employment. With adaptation, these may be useful for people with chronic pain. We aimed to develop and explore the feasibility of delivering such an adapted intervention. Methods We developed an intervention and recruited unemployed people with chronic pain from NHS pain clinics and employment services. We trained case managers to assess participants and match them to six-week work placements in the Midlands and provide ongoing support to them and their managers. Participants attended a two-day work preparation session prior to placement. Outcome measures included quality of life at baseline, six- weeks, 14-weeks, and six-months, and return to work at 14-weeks and six-months. We held focus groups or interviews with stakeholders to examine acceptability and experiences of the intervention. Results We developed an intervention consisting of work preparation sessions, work experience placements, and individualised employment support. We enrolled 31 people; 27 attended work preparation sessions, and 15 attended placements. Four of our participants started jobs during the study period. We are aware of two others starting jobs shortly after cessation of follow-up. We experienced challenges to recruitment in one area where we had many and diverse placement opportunities and good recruitment in another area where we had a smaller range of placement opportunities. All stakeholders found the intervention acceptable, and it was valued by those given a placement. While there was some disappointment among those not placed, this group still valued the work preparation sessions. Conclusions The developed intervention was acceptable to participants and partners. Trialling the developed intervention could be feasible with attention to three main processes. To ensure advanced availability of a sufficiently wide range of work placements in each area, multiple partners would be needed. Multiple recruitment sites and focus on employment services will yield better recruitment rates than reliance on NHS pain clinics. Maintaining an adequate follow-up response rate will likely require additional approaches with more than the usual effort.

Stereotyping is the first type of adaptation in education ever proposed. However, the early systems have never dealt with the numbers of learners that current MOOCs provide. Thus, the umbrella question that this work tackles is if learner characteristics can predict their overall, but also fine-grain behaviour. Earlier results point at differences related to gender or to age. We have also looked into more details into finer-grain analyzing the weekly behavior of females and males. Here, we further expand this, by showing how, depending on the way the comments are counted, significance can be found when comparing female and male commenting behavior, at the level of the week. Moreover, the topic of the course is an important factor in this behavior. These outcomes can help in informing future runs, in terms of potential personalised feedback for teachers and students.

Securing radioactive sources has become increasingly important given the rising threat of radiological terrorism. While radiation safety has long been established in most applicable industries, the importance of nuclear and radiological source security has lagged behind in nonnuclear material specific industries, such as academic institutions and medical facilities. To evaluate the attitudes and behaviors regarding nuclear security culture, an assessment of nuclear and radiological material practices was developed and conducted on 73 radioactive material users at a university. The survey portion of the assessment was comprised of a series of questions segregated into four categories: policy, enforcement, leadership, and behavior. Nuclear security awareness questions formed a subset of the questionnaire. Users were classified by their radioactive material experience and work classification: student, faculty, or other staff. Of the users surveyed, 9% were also interviewed face-to-face to further expand on their views of nuclear security culture. Results of the assessment showed that students from the work classification group as well as the cohort of radioactive material users with 2-5 y of experience possessed a greater degree of awareness towards nuclear security compared to faculty and other more experienced radioactive material users. Relative to students and faculty, other staff from the work classification group faced some difficulty judging the enforcement of policies, adequacy of inspection, and job performance review related to nuclear security. The response from all three groups emphasized the need to enhance threat-response preparedness and greater communication among stakeholders.

Summary In this case study, we investigate how the use of different information derived from a seismic dataset improves the understanding of a complex gas reservoir in a development context. We are adapting a versatile imaging algorithm (the generalized radon transform) to create seismic images with enhanced S/N ratios and enhanced diffractions. These are better suited to the interpretation challenges of the reservoir. On one hand, the S/N enhanced images and gathers were used as clean and detailed input to an elastic seismic inversion. These complemented the structural interpretation and led to a better understanding of reservoir properties and connectivity in the main part of the reservoir. On the other hand, the diffraction images were incorporated in a more standard interpretation workflow as high-resolution input to seismic geomorphology in order to predict the quality at the fringe of the reservoir. This was not possible with conventional input and methods.

The authors describe the divergent approaches of critical scholars and rhetorical critics as two different kinds of travelers, making their way through critical analysis in different ways. The two approaches are contrasted in terms of intended destination, itinerary, luggage, jet lag, and mementos from the journey.

Making construals is a new digital skill that complements conventional programming. Its primary focus is on using computer-related technology to stage interactive experience of unprecedented richness and subtlety. This paper is a tutorial on the latest version of an instrument for making construals developed in the ongoing EU Erasmus+ CONSTRUIT! project. Its principal theme is the re-creation of "the OXO laboratory" – an interactive environment in which variants of the game of noughts-and-crosses can be freely designed and evaluated.

Objectives To design and test the delivery of an intervention targeting the non-motor symptoms of dystonia and pilot key health and well-being questionnaires in this population.\ud \ud Design A proof-of-concept study to test the delivery, acceptability, relevance, structure and content for a 3-day group residential programme for the management of dystonia.\ud \ud Setting Participants were recruited from a single botulinum toxin clinic. The intervention was delivered in the community.\ud \ud Participants 14 participants consented to take part (2 withdrew prior to the starting of intervention). The average age was 60 years (range 44–77), 8 of whom were female. After drop-out, 9 participants completed the 3-day programme.\ud \ud Intervention A 3-day group residential programme.\ud \ud Primary and secondary outcome measures Process evaluation and interviews were carried out before and after the intervention to explore participant's views and expectations, as well as experiences of the intervention. Select questionnaires were completed at baseline, 1-month and 3-month follow-up.\ud \ud Results Although participants were not sure what to expect from the programme, they found it informative and for many this together with being in a group with other people with dystonia legitimised their condition. Mindfulness was accepted and adopted as a coping strategy. This was reflected in the 1-month follow-up.\ud \ud Conclusions We successfully delivered a 3-day residential programme to help those living with dystonia manage their condition. Further improvements are suggested. The quantitative outcome measures were acceptable to this group of patients with dystonia.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are offered by many universities, with hundreds of thousands of people worldwide having registered for one or more of the many available courses. Despite the potential that has been claimed for these courses to transform education, in practice the majority are deeply conservative in maintaining the educational status quo. Lacking innovative pedagogic foundation and with the need for approaches that scale, many courses rely heavily on very traditional methods such as mini-lectures and quizzes. In particular, learner support is proving to be insufficient for many participants. This paper reports results and experience from developing and presenting a MOOC which provides both “traditional” and supported modes. Users can opt to study the course in the way familiar within most MOOCs (with peer support and limited tutor input) or to receive a high level of experienced tutor support. Having both modes run in parallel allows direct comparison between the experiences and achievements of the two groups. We present the motivation and objectives for the course, discuss results obtained and reflect on lessons learned in the process.

In this essay, we identify and explicate two paradigms for generating change. In the conventional paradigm of constricted potentiality, change agents focus on tangible material conditions and use persuasion, directed externally, to change those conditions and thus improve their internal states. In the alternative paradigm of constructed potentiality, individuals focus on symbolic resources and use interpretation to change their own internal states, which then influence material conditions. We conclude with responses to questions and concerns often raised about the paradigm of constructed potentiality.

We explore our feminist journey using Bitzer's rhetorical situation. We started with an exigence of oppression, the audience as representatives of the dominant system, the constraints as unequal structural features, and strategies of petition and resistance. We then moved to conceptualizing the exigence as interpretation, the audience as ourselves, the constraints as the capacity to imagine, and the key strategy as deliberate choice. This conception led us to a temporary alliance with power feminism and ultimately to repowered feminism.

In this essay, we explicate the nature and function of agentic orientation, a pattern of interaction that predisposes an individual to a particular enactment of agency. We use the film Run Lola Run to explicate three agentic orientations—victim, supplicant, and director—each with a different interpretation of structure, a different response to that interpretation, and a different outcome. Resume Dans cet article, nous expliquons la nature et la fonction de l‘orientation d’agent (agentic orientation), un type d‘interaction qui predispose un individu a une forme particuliere de mise en acte de l’agence. Nous utilisons le film Cours, Lola, cours pour expliquer trois orientations d′agent (victime, suppliant et dirigeant), chacune refletant une interpretation differente de la structure, une reponse differente a cette interpretation et un denouement different. Abstract In diesem Artikel explizieren wir das Wesen und die Funktion einer selbstbestimmt handelnden Ausrichtung als ein Muster der Interaktion, welches eine Person a priori auf eine bestimmte Art der Ausubung von Selbstbestimmtheit festlegt. Am Beispiel des Films Lola rennt werden drei Ausrichtungen dargestellt: Opfer, Bittsteller und Direktor – jeweils mit einer unterschiedlichen Auslegung der Struktur, unterschiedlichen Reaktionen auf diese Interpretation und unterschiedlichen Folgen. Resumen En este ensayo, explicamos la naturaleza y la funcion de la orientacion del agente, una pauta de interaccion que predispone a un individuo hacia una forma particular de representacion de la agencia. Usamos el film Corre Lola Corre para explicar tres orientaciones del agente—victima, pedido, y director—cada uno con una interpretacion diferente de la estructura, una respuesta diferente a esa interpretacion, y un resultado diferente. ZhaiYao Yo yak

Making a construal is a way of using the computer to help us in making sense of a situation. Its merits as a new digital skill for developing open educational resources in the constructionist tradition are illustrated using a basic construal of shopping activity. Making construals is the central theme of the three year EU Erasmus+ CONSTRUIT! project. This paper takes the form of an introductory tutorial highlighting key qualities of construals that will shape the CONSTRUIT! agenda.

OBJECT While malpractice litigation has had many negative impacts on health care delivery systems, information extracted from lawsuits could potentially guide toward venues to improve care. The authors present a comprehensive review of lawsuits within a tertiary academic neurosurgical department and report institutional and departmental strategies to mitigate liability by integrating risk management data with quality improvement initiatives. METHODS The Comprehensive Risk Intelligence Tool database was interrogated to extract claims/suits abstracts concerning neurosurgical cases that were closed from January 2008 to December 2012. Variables included demographics of the claimant, type of procedure performed (if any), claim description, insured information, case outcome, clinical summary, contributing factors and subfactors, amount incurred for indemnity and expenses, and independent expert opinion in regard to whether the standard of care was met. RESULTS During the study period, the Department of Neurosurgery received the most lawsuits of all surgical specialties (30 of 172), leading to a total incurred payment of $4,949,867. Of these lawsuits, 21 involved spinal pathologies and 9 cranial pathologies. The largest group of suits was from patients with challenging medical conditions who underwent uneventful surgeries and postoperative courses but filed lawsuits when they did not see the benefits for which they were hoping; 85% of these claims were withdrawn by the plaintiffs. The most commonly cited contributing factors included clinical judgment (20 of 30), technical skill (19 of 30), and communication (6 of 30). CONCLUSIONS While all medical and surgical subspecialties must deal with the issue of malpractice and liability, neurosurgery is most affected both in terms of the number of suits filed as well as monetary amounts awarded. To use the suits as learning tools for the faculty and residents and minimize the associated costs, quality initiatives addressing the most frequent contributing factors should be instituted in care redesign strategies, enabling strategic alignment of quality improvement and risk management efforts.

Purpose: Ischemic stroke patients, who meet criteria to be administered t-PA, should receive a patient-focused effort that advocates for quality, efficacious treatment. It’s essential to continuously evaluate the impact that a model of care delivery has on clinical outcomes. Healthcare reform may dictate utilization of current resources and often allocation of those resources are re-aligned to meet financial targets. The model of care delivery referenced in this study includes primary responders on a code stroke team that have transitioned from a unit based resource to an emergency room resource. Quality outcomes are a priority and overcoming obstacles to prevent delays in meeting the national benchmark of door to needle time in less than 60 minutes requires enhanced partnerships. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects that a model of care delivery for acute stroke response had on door to needle time and identify the impact from utilization of value stream mapping. Methods: Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on stroke patients that received t-PA over a 5 year period. Comparative analysis of all response times were reviewed for trends and opportunities that may have also been impacted by the model of care delivery. Immediate review and feedback on every case served as a catalyst for quality improvement, engaging all providers to implement changes that would improve door to needle times. Response time data was analyzed to determine if there was statistical significance, such that all opportunities for improvement to reduce needle to door time to < 60 minutes could be addressed with action plans. Results: Percentage compliance of door to needle time within 60 minutes increased from 17% to 63% during the study period. Opportunities to further reduce door to needle times reveal potential decrease of key response times by approximately 20 minutes. This is evidenced by continued improvement in the average door to needle time by 15 minutes during the study period. Conclusion: Transition of care delivery models with ownership and team engagement can result in a paradigm shift that indicates effective action plans for quality improvement in door to needle times. Further insight from value mapping serves as a guide for lean processes.

Approaches to teaching and learning are increasingly influenced by the introduction of new technologies and innovative use of space. Recognising the need to keep up to date many institutions has created technology-rich, flexible spaces. Studies so far have concentrated on how students use such facilities; however, their availability also strongly impacts on teaching staff, presenting new possibilities and challenges. To encourage the development of activities that make the most of these resources, the University of Warwick launched the Teaching Grid (2008), a flexible space with state-of-the-art technology. Advisers support colleagues in developing and delivering novel, experimental teaching sessions. This paper reports on use of the facility during its first three years, considering the effects on pedagogy of experimental use of space and technology; this is correlated to an increase in number and variety of teaching and learning activities which, it is suggested, enhances the student experience.

Amplitude-friendly imaging in complex media may also require accounting for attenuation described by a spatially varying Q-model. Here, we extend the ray-based angle migration to account for Q. Any migration with attenuation compensation needs to handle the inherent signal-to-noise ratio of the data or it may boost noise. We present both the use of a stabilization of the effect of Q in the migration and a data-driven reflection enhancement by weighting the summation in the migration to specular events. Both are important in controlling the noise.

The large- and small-scale vortical motions produced by ‘delta tabs’ in a two-stream shear layer have been studied experimentally. An increase in mixing was observed when the base of the triangular shaped tab was affixed to the trailing edge of the splitter plate and the apex was pitched at some angle with respect to the flow axis. Such an arrangement produced a pair of counter-rotating streamwise vortices. Hot-wire measurements detailed the velocity, time-averaged vorticity (Ωx) and small-scale turbulence features in the three-dimensional space downstream of the tabs. The small-scale structures, whose scale corresponds to that of the peak in the dissipation spectrum, were identified and counted using the peak-valley-counting technique. The optimal pitch angle, θ, for a single tab and the optimal spanwise spacing, S, for a multiple tab array were identified. Since the goal was to increase mixing, the optimal tab configuration was determined from two properties of the flow field: (i) the large-scale motions with the maximum Ωx, and (ii) the largest number of small-scale motions in a given time period. The peak streamwise vorticity magnitude [mid ]Ωx−max[mid ] was found to have a unique relationship with the tab pitch angle. Furthermore, for all cases examined, the overall small-scale population was found to correlate directly with [mid ]Ωx−max[mid ]. Both quantities peaked at θ≈±45°. It is interesting to note that the peak magnitude of the corresponding circulation in the cross-sectional plane occurred for θ≈±90°. For an array of tabs, the two quantities also depended on the tab spacing. An array of contiguous tabs acted as a solid deflector producing the weakest streamwise vortices and the least small-scale population. For the measurement range covered, the optimal spacing was found to be S≈1.5 tab widths.

In this response to Condit's essay, the tenets of her gender diversity perspective are outlined and addressed. The authors conclude that although Condit's tenets concerning gender are visionary, those concerning rhetoric constitute a defense of a traditional conception of rhetoric, unchanged by gender and feminism. They then outline the tenets of their feminist-reconstructionist perspective, one which focuses on the reconstruction of rhetoric through a feminist lens.

This article describes an analytic framework developed to support principals' instructional leadership in the context of contemporary reform perspectives as well as current views of teaching and learning. This instructional leadership tool posits five "lenses" through which educational experience can be examined by instructional supervisory professionals, coaches, or peers. These lenses were crafted from the relevant literatures, including those concerning curriculum, pedagogy, learner development, assessment and professional development as well as school reform and restructuring. Each of the five lenses is described in detail, as well as the manner in which they focus attention upon: a) Content Standards, b) Performance Standards and Assessment, c) Teacher Instructional Practices, d) Student Learning Experience, and e) Environment and Context. The authors describe the development and refinement of this analytic framework for examining standards-based instruction and learning and, through example, illustrate its use to support a newly defined instructional leadership role for principals.

The effect of vortex generators in the form of tabs on the penetration and spreading of a jet in a cross‐flow has been studied experimentally. It is found that the tab has very little effect when placed on the leeward side, i.e., on the downstream edge of the jet nozzle relative to the free‐stream flow. A study of the static pressure distribution reveals significantly lower pressures on the leeward side. Thus, when placed on that side the tab does not produce a ‘‘pressure hill’’ of sufficient magnitude that is the primary source of streamwise vorticity in the flow field over the tab. This qualitatively explains the ineffectiveness. In comparison, there is a significant effect on the flow field when the tab is placed on the windward side. The sense of vorticity generated by the tab in the latter configuration is opposite to that of the bound vortex pair that otherwise characterizes the flow. Thus, the strength of the bound vortex pair is diminished and the jet penetration is reduced.

We present a solution to allow integration of geological insight in the velocity model building, testing the impact of different geological scenarios on the resulting image. The solution consists of a seamless system of flexible model editing and fast prestack migrations. This creates an arena for the geophysicist and the geologist to work together. The enabling component is the interactivity, or the ability to work in the same time frame. This means that several complete geological scenarios, represented as velocity models, can be created and resulting image analyzed during the course of a working day.

Building a salt velocity model is usually an iterative process. Based on seismic character alone there is often a large range of alternative salt models. The iterations can often take on the form of trial-and-error in trying to understand the geologically most likely model. We present a solution to allow integration of geological insight in the velocity model building. The solution consists of a seamless system of flexible model editing and fast migrations. This creates an arena for the geophysicist and the geologist to work together. The crucial component is the interactivity, or the ability to work in the same time frame. This means that several salt models can be created and resulting images analyzed during the course of a working day.

Re-sourcement as a rhetorical strategy for emancipation is explored as it occurs through ritualized sewing. Re-sourcement involves creating and living in a world through energy drawn from sources other than patriarchy. It is accomplished in ritualized sewing through rhetorical processes of declaring a commitment, entering into marginal space, cleansing, demarcating boundaries, working magic, returning to the external world, and emblematic display.

(1996). The construction of claims in visual argumentation. Visual Communication Quarterly: Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 9-13.

Most traditional rhetorical theories reflect a patriarchal bias in the positive value they accord to changing and thus dominating others. In this essay, an alternative rhetoric—invitational rhetoric—is proposed, one grounded in the feminist principles of equality, immanent value, and self‐determination. Its purpose is to offer an invitation to understanding, and its communicative modes are the offering of perspectives and the creation of the external conditions of safety, value, and freedom.

Sub-basalt imaging is challenging for a number of reasons. There is the large absorption of energy which particularly affects the high-frequency seismic signals. In addition, the large impedance contrasts associated with top and base and internal layering of the basalts, are generators of severe multiples and finally inhomogeneities within the basalts, and the sediment-basalt interface, further scatter the energy. In recent years the most common approach has been to focus on low frequencies because frequencies above approximately 40 Hz will be lost for sub-basalt signals. With standard marine acquisition this can be achieved by towing sources and streamers deep. However, this also results in losing the higher frequencies and consequently resolution in the data. Broadband seismic acquisition avoids this trade-off. In this paper we compare 2D data acquired using broadband technology to conventional deep-tow data previously acquired in the same locations over basalt in the Faroe Shetland Basin. We will demonstrate that both the signal and de-noise benefit from broadband acquisition. With a broadband signal the character of the sub-basalt signal and the noise / multiples is clearly different, potentially enabling new ways of dealing with noise and multiples.

Background: The most accepted means of evaluating the response of a patient with cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM) to treatment is subjective and based on the owner and clinician’s perception of the gait. Objective: To establish and compare kinetic parameters based on force plate gait analysis between normal and CSM-affected Dobermans. Animals: Nineteen Doberman Pinschers: 10 clinically normal and 9 with CSM. Methods: Force plate analysis was prospectively performed in all dogs. At least 4 runs of ipsilateral limbs were collected from each dog. Eight force platform parameters were evaluated, including peak vertical force (PVF) and peak vertical impulse (PVI), peak mediolateral force (PMLF) and peak mediolateral impulse, peak braking force and peak braking impulse, and peak propulsive force (PPF) and peak propulsive impulse. In addition, the coefficient of variation (CV) for each limb was calculated for each parameter. Data analysis was performed by a repeated measures approach. Results: PMLF (P = .0062), PVI (P = .0225), and PPF (P = .0408) were found to be lower in CSM-affected dogs compared with normal dogs. Analysis by CV as the outcome indicated more variability in PVF in CSM-affected dogs (P = 0.0045). The largest difference in the CV of PVF was seen in the thoracic limbs of affected dogs when compared with the thoracic limbs of normal dogs (P = 0.0019). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The CV of PVF in all 4 limbs, especially the thoracic limbs, distinguished clinically normal Dobermans from those with CSM. Other kinetic parameters less reliably distinguished CSM-affected from clinically normal Dobermans.

In this essay, the monologues of Garrison Keillor on the radio program, A Prairie Home Companion (later American Radio Company), are analyzed to discover how a feminine spectator is constructed rhetorically in a text. Keillor's monologues, we suggest, create a preferred spectator position that relies on traditionally feminine competencies. This construction is accomplished through Keillor's refusal to privilege vision, dismantling of the male gaze, creation of Lake Wobegon as a feminine setting, and feminine speaking style. In his adoption of the feminine spectator perspective, Keillor provides an opportunity for listeners to experience and accord value to a feminist epistemology.