Search

Ciljevi: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je prikazati utjecaj pandemije COVID-19 na rad Klinike za bolesti uha, nosa i grla i kirurgiju glave i vrata KBC-a Zagreb. Metode: Iz računalne baze podataka KBC-a Zagreb te baze onkoloških bolesnika Klinike retrospektivno su izvučeni te uspoređeni podatci o izvršenim postupcima i dijagnozama u razdoblju prva četiri mjeseca 2019., 2020. te 2021. godine. Rezultati: Ukupan je broj slučajeva 2020. bio veći za 32,4%, a 2021. za 13,19% (p, Aim: The aim of this study was to show changes in the work of the Ear, Nose, Throat and Head and Neck Surgery Department, UHC Zagreb, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We retrospectively extracted and compared the data on the procedures and diagnoses of the Department during the period from January 1st to April 30th in 2019, 2020 and 2021. Results: The total number of cases was lower by 34.2% in 2020, and by 13.19% in 2021, compared to 2019 (p

Praćenje bolesnika s karcinomom grkljana smatra se važnim dijelom postupka njihova liječenja. Glavna je svrha praćenja, osim procjene učinkovitosti terapije i rehabilitacije, rano otkrivanje potencijalnog recidiva i drugoga primarnog tumora. Trenutno i dalje nema točnih smjernica i preporuka temeljenih na konkretnim podatcima o razlikama u preživljenju. Svrha je ovog prikaza sabrati trenutne preporuke i postavke temeljene na recentnim podatcima iz literature te na kliničkom iskustvu naše ustanove. Učinjen je pregled literature o praćenju i rehabilitaciji bolesnika s karcinomom grkljana. Naše su tvrdnje temeljene na kritičkom razmatranju trenutačnih podataka iz literature i kliničke prakse. Procjena stadija karcinoma temeljena je na trenutnoj UICC-ovoj (engl. Union for International Cancer Control) TNM klasifikaciji karcinoma grkljana. Sastavnice praćenja obrađene u ovom prikazu uključuju duljinu praćenja, učestalost i organizaciju pregleda te radiološke pretrage s obzirom na vrstu terapije (kirurška/radioterapija). Jedan od najvažnijih dijelova pra-ćenja jest edukacija bolesnika o prepoznavanju znakova i simptoma potencijalnog recidiva ili drugoga primarnog tumora. Potrebno je provesti opsežne prospektivne i retrospektivne studije kako bi se propisno ocijenilo trenutne preporuke i smjernice o praćenju s obzirom na stope preživljenja.

Novonastali uvećani čvor vrata je čest razlog posjete liječniku, a dijagnostika i liječenje ponekad uključuju specijaliste različitih specijalnosti. Anamneza i fizikalni pregled ključni su koraci u početku evaluacije i daljnjeg usmjeravanja bolesnika na odgovarajuće dijagnostičke ili terapijske postupke. Diferencijalna dijagnoza je vrlo široka, te dobno ovisna, pa je stoga bitno utvrditi radi li se o mogućem upalnom stanju, kongenitalnoj ili neoplastičnoj patologiji. U većini slučajeva dijagnostički postupak uključuje ultrazvuk s mogućom citološkom punkcijom tvorbe ili se čine druge slikovne pretrage poput CT-a ili MRI. U specifičnim slučajevima izvodi se biopsija tvorbe. Liječenje ovisi o uzroku.

Surgical procedures, especially total laryngectomy, used for treatment of advanced laryngeal carcinoma, have a profound adverse effect on the patient's physical, functional, and emotional health, and almost always decrease quality of life. There are three main types of voice rehabilitation after surgery. They are: esophageal speech techniques, the use of artificial larynx devices and tracheoesophageal puncture with the insertion of various types of voice prostheses. Voice prosthesis was inserted in 100 patients in the ENT Department, University Hospital Center Zagreb, from January 2004 until February 2011, and 91 of these patients were included in our study. The prosthesis was inserted secondary at 71 patients, while in other 20 it was inserted primary, i.e. immediately after laryngectomy as a part of the same procedure. Voice rehabilitation was initiated 10th day after primary insertion and 1st-3rd day after secondary insertion. The postoperative voice quality was compared with a five degree scale, which was taken from Hilger's retrospective study (2000). The rehabilitation was successful in 75.8% of our patients. Early complication rate was 4.4%, and 10.9% of patients had late complications. Statistical analysis didn't show significant differences regarding the complications rate and success rate of rehabilitation between groups of patients, formed according to age, irradiation status and timing of prosthesis insertion.

Surgical procedures, especially total laryngectomy, used for treatment of advanced laryngeal carcinoma, have a profound adverse effect on the patient’s physical, functional, and emotional health, and almost always decrease quality of life. There are three main types of voice rehabilitation after surgery. They are: esophageal speech techniques, the use of artificial larynx devices and tracheoesophageal puncture with the insertion of various types of voice prostheses. Voice prosthesis was inserted in 100 patients in the ENT Department, University Hospital Center Zagreb, from January 2004 until February 2011, and 91 of these patients were included in our study. The prosthesis was inserted secondary at 71 patients, while in other 20 it was inserted primary, i.e. immediately after laryngectomy as a part of the same procedure. Voice rehabilitation was initiated 10th day after primary insertion and 1st–3rd day after secondary insertion. The postoperative voice quality was compared with a five degree scale, which was taken from Hilger’s retrospective study (2000). The rehabilitation was successful in 75.8% of our patients. Early complication rate was 4.4%, and 10.9% of patients had late complications. Statistical analysis didn’t show significant differences regarding the complications rate and success rate of rehabilitation between groups of patients, formed according to age, irradiation status and timing of prosthesis insertion.

The contribution deals vith application of virtual reality technology and computer assisted surgery in rhinology

The real-time requirement means that the simulation should be able to follow the actions of the user that may be moving in the virtual environment. The computer system should also store in its memory a three-dimensional (3D) model of the virtual environment. In that case a real-time virtual reality system will update the 3D graphic visualization as the user moves, so that up-to-date visualization is always shown on the computer screen. Upon completion of the tele-operation, the surgeon compares the preoperative and postoperative images and models of the operative field, and studies video records of the procedure itself. Using intraoperative records, animated images of the real tele-procedure performed can be designed. Virtual surgery offers the possibility of preoperative planning in rhinology. The intraoperative use of computer in real time requires development of appropriate hardware and software to connect medical instrumentarium with the computer and to operate the computer by thus connected instrumentarium and sophisticated multimedia interfaces.

The main goal of our work was to evaluate advantages and disadvantages of virtual endoscopy (VE) techniques in routinely diagnostic and preoperative management of patients with various sinus diseases or head traumas in our practice. Fly-through algorithm was performed using an Xeon based workstation on data sets created from axial CT images acquired from 320 patients with various paranasal sinus disorders. Images were created using Siemens Somatom Emotion 16 continiously rotating helical CT scanner and archived in DICOM format. In comparison with real endoscopy, the VE has several advantages. It is completely non-invasive. It is possible to repeat the same procedure several times, therefore it may be a valuable tool for training. Interactive control of all virtual camera parameters, including the field- -of-view is possible. Endoscopic viewing as opposed to real endoscopy is not restricted to the spaces defined by inner surfaces. The viewer may penetrate the walls and see the extent of lesions within and beyond the wall as well as the adjacent anatomic structures. Virtual endoscopy also has a potential to stage tumors by determining the location and the extent of transmural extension.