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The aim of the study is to outline the legislation provided for mentally ill offenders and prisoners. Individuals suffering from mental illness are the most vulnerable segment of society, but in Pakistan, the conditions of mentally ill prisoners are very pathetic. During the arrest, prosecution, sentence, and detention, the criminal justice system of Pakistan fall short of providing adequate protection to persons with psychosocial disabilities and mental illness. The study aims to analyze the latest judgment in the Safia Bano Case, in which the Supreme court commuted the death sentence of three mentally ill prisoners on death row. The study will discuss the impact of this judgment on mentally ill prisoners undergoing trial and imprisonment. The researcher will use doctrinal research methods to analyze the relevant laws regarding the protection of the rights of the mentally ill in the criminal justice system. The International obligations of Pakistan related to mentally ill persons are also highlighted. The landmark judgments in this regard will also be analyzed along with a descriptive analysis of the conditions of such persons in Pakistan. In Pakistan, mental health is not given due importance in the normal course. The situation is detrimental in the case of mentally ill persons undergoing trial or conviction. As the mentally ill neither represent him during the trial nor the ends of justice can meet if he is undergoing imprisonment. The jurisprudence developed by the Supreme court is welcoming as it will impact the treatment of mentally ill persons significantly. It aligns with the protection of the most stigmatized and marginalized segments of society. The study will ultimately imbibe arbitrariness within the application of law and protects their rights in the long run.

Pakistan, since its independence, has failed to ensure fundamental rights to the transgender community. This marginalized community was deprived of their gender identity, education, health facilities, access to public rights, and employment. Although the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 is on point, various segments of society are making it controversial claiming it to be promoting same-sex marriages or LGBT. The study employs analytical and descriptive research methods to present a clearer picture of the newly enacted Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018. Analysis of the Act provides that Gender Identity and Gender Self-Perception were long-awaited and most celebrated by the Transgender Community to exercise the rights enshrined under the Constitution. Moreover, there are some challenges in the effective implementation of these rights such as issues regarding voting and political participation, kinship, inheritance, gender identity and marriage. The study presents a pragmatic approach to resolving such outstanding issues.

Phishing is an act of luring unsuspecting recipient of a message into revealing information which can be used against the recipient. Email is the most common medium of creating a Phishing attack against individuals and organizations. Phishing is a type of social engineering attempt, usually via emails, designed to trick the recipient. These attacks often result in malicious software getting deployed, steal user data including credentials or financial data, and victimize the entire infrastructure for ransom etc. First step in preventing this attack is to identify what a Phishing attempt is, to report it, and take similar actions for others. The golden rule of prevention is when you are in doubt, do not open that email, download its attachments or click on any hyperlinks inside. Keywords: Phishing, Spam, Email, Malware, Social Engineering. Title: Protect Against Phishing Scams Author: Junaid Jan, Mohammed Mujtaba, Qasim T. Zaidi, Zaki S. Ahmed International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online) Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2022 - June 2022 Page No: 82-86 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 07-June-2022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6616588 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/protect-against-phishing-scams, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research, (IJCSITR), ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online), Research Publish Journals (Publisher), Website: www.researchpublish.com, {"references":["[1]\tSmart Phone Malware: https://www.zdnet.com/article/smartphone-malware-is-on-the-rise-heres-what-to-watch-out-for/","[2]\tCISCO Cyber Security Threat Trends 2021: https://learn-umbrella.cisco.com/ebook-library/2021-cyber-security-threat-trends phishing-crypto-top-the-list","[3]\tHow to protect your smartphone from hackers and intruders: https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/how-to-protect-your-smartphone-from-hackers-and-intruders/","[4]\tGartner, Market Guide for Email Security, Mark Harris, Peter Firstbrook, Ravisha Chugh, 8 September 2020","[5]\tGartner, Market Guide for Email Security, 7 October 2021, Mark Harris, Peter Firstbrook, Ravisha Chugh, Mario de Boer","[6]\t2022 Fortinet, Inc https://www.fortinet.com/products/email-security","[7]\tExchange Online Protection overview: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/ exchange-online-protection-overview?view=o365-worldwide"]}