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The concept of damage control surgery was first introduced in the 1990s. It has great significance in the treatment for critically ill patients, which not only greatly improves survival rate, but also helps doctors avoiding misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Herein, we present a case of gastric perforation caused by neoplasm with critical condition of the patient. According to the concept of damage control surgery, the patient was subjected to perforation repair and tumor biopsy instead of conventional radical gastrectomy. Then, diffuse large B cell lymphoma was diagnosed on pathologic examination. After surgery, the patient received R-CHOP chemotherapy according to the clinical guidelines and is alive till now. Our experience might be helpful for understanding the value of damage control surgery in avoiding misdiagnosis and mistreatment for critical emergency patients. Key Words: Lymphoma, Stomach, Perforation, Damage control surgery.

Portal hypertension may gradually lead to esophagogastric varices and splenomegaly in the decompensated stage of liver cirrhosis, which requires surgical treatment, if the disease worsens. Splenectomy with pericardial devascularisation is the routine surgery. One complex complication after splenectomy is upper gastric fistula which can seriously affect the perioperative recovery. Here, we present a case of a 51-year female patient, who recovered completely from non-operative treatment for gastric fistula after splenectomy and pericardial devascularisation. The occurrence of gastric fistula may be strongly related to preoperative preparation, intra-operative procedure and postoperative management. Therefore, personalised management is important for avoiding gastric fistula. Key Words: Gastric fistula, Splenectomy, Pericardial devascularisation, Portal hypertension.

BACKGROUND Microrna-155 plays an important role in the pathogenesis, progression and treatment of various cancers. It is abnormally expressed in gastric cancer, but its expression level, mechanism and significance are controversial in different studies. So we make the study to explore the expression level, significance and mechanism of microRNA-155 on gastric cancer. METHODS Target genes of microRNA-155 in TargetScan and mirDB databases were analyzed by Wayne Mapping, Enrichr database, String database, TIMER database. Forty-three pairs of cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were collected to extract total RNA and protein. Expression of MicroRNA-155, Rictor, Fos, Beclin1, LC3, caspase3 and caspase9 were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. The relationship between gene expression and clinicopathological factors were analyzed. SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 700 (miRDB) and 556 (TargetScan) target genes were obtained and 280 genes were in the intersection of Wayne Mapping, 49 of them had a target score of 90 or more. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that they were related to autophagy or apoptosis pathway. Rictor and Fos were selected as research objects. Thirty-two cases showed high microRNA-155 expression (group H) and 11 cases showed low expression (group L). Twelve patients had high Rictor expression and 31 patients had low expression; Thirteen cases had roughly normal Fos expression and 30 cases had low or negative expression; Thirty-three cases had high Beclin1/LC3 expression and 10 cases had low expression; Ten cases had high caspase3/caspase9 expression and 33 cases had low expression. According to the results of immunohistochemistry and western blot, Rictor, Fos, caspase3 and caspase9 were low expressed while Beclin1 and LC3 were high expressed in group H. However, all the six genes had no significant difference in group L. CONCLUSIONS The abnormal expression of microRNA-155 may indicate the occurrence of gastric cancer and its expression level is negatively correlated with clinical stage of cancer. The down-regulated expression of Rictor and Fos, enhancement of autophagy and weakening of apoptosis may be related to the over-expression of microRNA-155. MicroRNA-155 may promote the progression of gastric cancer by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis.

A polymer-based cation exchanger and silica-based sorbents are generally used for the conventional solid phase extraction (SPE) toward alkaloids, because they provide both ion exchange interactions and strong hydrophobic interactions between the stationary phase and samples. However, strong hydrophobic interactions could cause the retention of some non-alkaloid compounds, to reduce the selectivity for alkaloids. In this paper, a non-aqueous solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure was developed and optimized utilizing novel polyacrylic acid-functionalized porous zinc sulfide nanospheres (PAA–PZNs) as the sorbents for the enrichment of alkaloids. The SPE sorbents were fabricated by the amidation reaction of the poly-(acrylic acid) homopolymer with amino group modified PZNs, which afforded an abundance of carboxyl groups, to effectively eliminate non-alkaloid compounds and concentrate alkaloids from the extracts. They exhibited not only high extraction efficiency, high selectivity and high recoveries for alkaloids, but also good chemical and mechanical stability. Therefore, the PAA functionalized porous zinc sulfide nanospheres and subsequently prepared non-aqueous solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure may prove to be a strong tool for selective enrichment of alkaloids from extracts.

Two types of biochars were prepared by pyrolyzing reed straw and municipal sludge at the temperature of 500 degrees C. The structure and properties of biochars were characterized by BET, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR ). The effects of pH value, adsorption time, temperature and initial concentration of norfloxacin (NOR) on the adsorption behaviors were determined by single factor experiments, which were used to preliminarily discuss adsorption mechanism. The results showed that the adsorption of NOR onto biochars derived from reed straw and municipal sludge could reach 70% and 60% of the total adsorption within 12 h, respectively; the maximum adsorption capacities of the two biochars were 2.13 mg x g(-1) (biochar derived from reed straw) and 2.09 mg x g(-1) (biochar derived from municipal sludge). The quantities of both absorptions increased with the decreasing solution pH. The two adsorption kinetics of NOR onto biochars followed the pseudo second order kinetic equations, and adsorption isotherms fitted well with the Langmuir equations. Adsorption thermodynamics parameters such as Gibbs free energy (AG), enthalpy (AH) and entropy (AS) indicated that the two adsorptions were endothermic reactions. Infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that oxygen-containing functional groups on biochars provided NOR molecules with adsorptive sites, which facilitated the formation of hydrogen bonds between NOR and the biochars.

Objective To investigate the immunoprotection of Streptococcus suis serotype 2(SS2) suilysin(SLY) and its antiserum.Methods Mice were immunized with the purified SLY recombinant protein.The antiserum against SLY was collected and used to determine the specific antibody titers and IgG isotypes.Subsequently,the active immunized mice were challenged with a lethal dose of S.suis 2.Moreover,the immunoprotection of SLY was evaluated.The antiserum against SLY was used passively to immunize the mice,which were challenged with a lethal dose of S.suis 2 after four hours.The protection provided by the antiserum against S.suis 2 was evaluated.Results The antiserum for mice immunized with recombinant protein SLY was collected.The titer reached 1∶25600,containing IgG1and IgG2a,two kinds of subtype antibodies.However,the difference between IgG1 and IgG2a was not significant.All actively immunized mice were injected with a lethal dose of S.suis 2.The survival rate of the actively immunized mice was significantly higher(60%) than that of the control group(10%)(P < 0.05).Mice that are passively immunized with SLY antiserum were challenged with a lethal dose of S.suis 2.On the 7th day after challenge,the survival rate was significantly higher(90%) than that in the control group(20%)(P < 0.05).Significant differences in survival rates were not observed between the passively immunized and the control group(P > 0.05) 14 days after the challenge.Conclusions SLY and SLY-specific antiserum provides immunoprotection.

To clone and express Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) sly gene for constructing an foundation on identification of S. suis 2 protective antigen.The sly gene was amplified from S. suis 2 clinical isolate strain 05ZYH33 genome DNA by PCR. The gene fragment was inserted into the expression vector pET-30b(+) to build pET30b-sly. When recombinant vector pET30b-sly was identified by restriction enzyme cutting and DNA sequencing as a correct one, subsequently it was transformed to E. coli Rosetta for expression under IPTG induction. The obtained fusion protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The immunologic and hemolysis activity of the purified protein was proved through Western blot and hemolysis assay respectively.The PCR product was around 1500 bp. The gene segment inserted into the recombinant vector was proven to be completely identical with the sly gene sequence in the total genome sequence of S. suis 2. The target protein expressed was up to 30% of the total somatic protein under IPTG induction. The protein purity reached above 80% after purification. The protein could be recognized by human serum infected with S. suis 2 and could dissolve swine erythrocytes with the Hemolytic titer as 256.The expression vector pET30b-sly was successfully constructed. The target protein could be over-expressed in E. coli and possessed its biological activity after purification.