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Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dihalides (TMDHs) have been receiving extensive attention due to their diversified magnetic properties and promising applications in spintronics. However, controlled growth of 2D TMDHs remains challenging owing to their extreme sensitivity to atmospheric moisture. Herein, using a home-built nitrogen-filled interconnected glovebox system, a universal chemical vapor deposition synthesis route of high-quality 2D TMDH flakes (1T-FeCl

We reported a layer-controlled transition from the soft to hard ferromagnetic state in atomically thin CrSiTe3 flakes. Our study paves the way towards exploring and learning much more atomically thin and layered intrinsic ferromagnets.

Layered ferromagnets with strong magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) have special applications in nanoscale memory elements in electronic circuits. Here, we report a strain tunability of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets VI

Layered ferromagnets with high coercivity have special applications in nanoscale memory elements in electronic circuits, such as data storage. Therefore, searching for new hard ferromagnets and effectively tuning or enhancing the coercivity are the hottest topics in layered magnets today. Here, we report a strain tunability of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets VI3 using magnetic circular dichroism measurements. For an unstrained flake, the M-H curve shows a rectangular-shaped hysteresis loop with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and a large coercivity (up to 1.775 T at 10 K). Furthermore, the coercivity can be enhanced to a maximum of 2.6 T at 10 K under a 2.9% in-plane tensile strain. Our DFT calculations show that the magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) can be dramatically increased after applying an in-plain tensile strain, which contributes to the enhancement of coercivity in the VI3 flake. Meanwhile, the strain tunability on the coercivity of CrI3, with a similar crystal structure, is limited. The main reason is the strong spin-orbital coupling in V3+ in VI6 octahedra in comparison with that in Cr3+. The strain tunability of coercivity in VI3 flakes highlights its potential for integration into vdW heterostructures, paving the way toward nanoscale spintronic devices and applications in the future.

Despite recent advances in layered ferromagnets, ferromagnetic interactions in these materials are rather weak. Here, we report pressure-enhanced ferromagnetism in layered CrSiTe

Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic CrI

We investigated the evolution of ferromagnetism in layered Fe

Changes in natural rainfall regimes have taken place and are expected to become more pronounced in future decades. These changes are also likely to be accompanied by changes in crop management practices. The main purpose of this study was to analyze runoff and soil loss in relation to rainfall regimes and terracing in the Three Gorges area, China. Based on 10 years of field observation and k-mean clusters, 101 rainfall events were grouped into three rainfall regimes. Rainfall regime I was the group of events with strong rainfall intensity, high frequency, and short duration. Rainfall regime III consisted of events with low intensity, long duration, and high rainfall amount. Rainfall regime II was the aggregation of events of high intensity and amount, and less frequent occurrence. The results showed that event runoff coefficients were not significantly different among rainfall regimes. However, the average soil erosion rates in rainfall regimes I and II were significantly higher than that in regime III. The average erosion rates under rainfall regimes I, II, and III were 21.6, 39.7, and 9.8 g m−2, respectively. The effect of rainfall regime on soil erosion also was changed by terracing. On unterraced cropland, soil erosion rate in rainfall regime I is significantly higher than that in regime III. However, the situation did not exist in unterraced orchard. Terracing significantly reduced runoff and soil erosion, and compensated the effects of rainfall regime on soil erosion, which indicated that runoff and erosion in terraced system may be little influenced by climate change. Based on these results, it was suggested more attention should be paid to the timing of rainfall events in relation to crop development and the high erosion on unterraced citrus orchard to control soil erosion in this area.

Although many sensitivity analyses using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) in a complex watershed have been conducted, little attention has been paid to the application potential of the model in unique plots. In addition, sensitivity analysis of percolation and evapotranspiration with SWAT has seldom been undertaken. In this study, SWAT99.2 was calibrated to simulate water balance components for unique plots in Southern China from 2000 to 2001, which included surface runoff, percolation, and evapotranspiration. Twenty-one parameters classified into four categories, including meteorological conditions, topographical characteristics, soil properties, and vegetation attributes, were used for sensitivity analysis through one-at-a-time (OAT) sampling to identify the factor that contributed most to the variance in water balance components. The results were shown to be different for different plots, with parameter sensitivity indices and ranks varying for different water balance components. Water balance components in the broad-leaved forest and natural grass plots were most sensitive to meteorological conditions, less sensitive to vegetation attributes and soil properties, and least sensitive to topographical characteristics. Compared to those in the natural grass plot, water balance components in the broad-leaved forest plot demonstrated higher sensitivity to the maximum stomatal conductance (GSI) and maximum leaf area index (BLAI).

We probe the polarization of the "A" exciton photoluminescence from monolayer and multilayer WS

In this paper, a multi-function watt-hour meter which has the function of time-sharing charging, remote meter reading and IC pre-payment is put forward.ADE7755 is the heart of measurement circuit which can sample the voltage and current of the usercircuit,calculate the instantaneous power,real time clock chip DS1302 in the system which can provide accurate standard of time for time-sharing charging, the nonvolatile memory AT24C04 is used to store the electric power bill information and other working parameters, the infrared communication interface is used remote meter reading. The whole watt-hour meter is a pure electronic measuring instrument without any mechanical part, it is working reliably, simple and flexible in use.

An electronic monitor for hospital inpatients is designed in this paper. Patients can give a calling signal by button, and the monitor can detect and display the infusion speed and give a alarm in time when the speed is too fast or too slow, in addition, it also can set various time for activity to inform medical staff. The whole system is divided into the host and the extension, the host display the current time and set various time for activities by DS1302 chip, the extension give the calling signal by keyboard, the host receive it through communication and display the bed number, the infusion speed is detected through the photoelectric method and is send to the extension for display and alarm. The monitoring instrument has great application value which can avoid failure during the process of transfusion and improve working efficiency.

In order to strengthen the monitoring and control of the groundwater quality, the groundwater of Hetang and Longtan water source regions in Beihai city was taken as example to evaluate the groundwater quality. PH, Total dissolved solids, Chloride, Iron, Nitrate, Ammonia- nitrogen, Cyanide, Mercury, Cadmium, Lead and so on were selected as the main factors of water quality evaluation. Single component and comprehensive evaluation methods were used to analyze the class and change trend of groundwater quality. The results showed that groundwater quality of Longtan was slightly better that of Hetang. F value of these two water source regions varied from 2.14 to 2.19 and met the classⅡ, which showed that the groundwater quality of Beihai City was good.

Fuzzy Control;Matlab;Electronic Oven;Maxium Mean Method;Defuzzification Abstract:Aimed at the shortcomings that it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical model of electric oven and to master the complexity control process for beginners,the fuzzy controller was applied to realize automatic control of the electronic oven.Described in detail the establishment of the fuzzy rules and the definition of input and output quantity in this paper. Established the experimental platform by Matlab software taking determining the barbequed time for example.During the simulation,adopted the minor arithmetic to inference the fuzzy rules and average maximal arithmetic to get the result of defuzzification,the result and theory calculation are approximation identical.The design can effectively control the oven and achieve good effect.

Taking inflow runoff into Qingshitan reservoir in Guilin city during 1958-1990 year as the research object, the digital filter technology is used to the base flow separation for runoff. The annual change characteristics of surface runoff and base flow is analyzed with the extreme ratio and coefficient of variation, the linear tendency linear method and Kendall rank correlation method are used to study the change trend of surface runoff and base flow. The results indicate that the annual runoff change of surface runoff is more unevenly, the surface runoff appear an increase trend, but the base flow appear a decline trend, the change trend of surface runoff and base flow is not obvious.

To observe the efficacy of Sanjie Zhentong Capsule (SJC) in treating ovarian cyst after ovulation-induction.Fifty-eight patients with ovarian cyst were randomly assigned to two groups, 33 in the treated group treated with SJC and 25 in the control group treated with temporization for 1 month. Changes of estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level as well as condition of cyst before and after treatment were observed and compared. And the time for complete disappearance (TCD) of cyst and the pregnant rate within 4 months were followed-up.Effective rate (no fluid cyst sized over 1.0 cm could be found in bilateral ovary and E2280 pmol/L) in the treated group was 81.8% (27/33) and 52.0% (13/25) in the control group, showing significant difference between them (P0.05). Level of E2 decreased in both groups, but the lowering was more significant in the treated group, after 1 month, it being 220.54 +/- 96.23 pmol/L vs 372.56 +/- 330.62 pmol/L (P0.05). The changes of LH and FSH levels were of no statistical significance (P0.05). TCD in the treated group was 1.18 +/- 0.46 months, which was shorter than that in the control group (1.96 +/- 1.34 months, P0.05). The pregnant rate within 4 months in the two groups was 60.6% (20/ 33) and 32.0% (8/25) respectively, showing significant difference (P0.05).SJC has good efficacy in treating ovarian cyst after ovulation-induction.