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The heating and helicity effects induced by circularly polarized laser excitation are entangled in the helicity-dependent all-optical switching (HD-AOS), which hinders understanding the magnetization dynamics involved. Here, applying a dual-pump laser excitation, first with a linearly polarized (LP) laser pulse followed by a circularly polarized (CP) laser pulse, the timescales and contribution from heating and helicity effects in HD-AOS were identified with a Pt/Co/Pt triple-layer. When the LP laser pulses preheat the sample to a nearly fully demagnetized state, the CP laser pulses with a power reduced by 80% switch the sample’s magnetization. By varying the time delay between the two pump pulses, the results show that the helicity effect, which gives rise to the deterministic helicity-induced switching, arises almost instantly within 200 fs close to the pulse width upon laser excitation. The results reveal that the transient magnetization state upon which CP laser pulses impinge is the key factor for achieving HD-AOS, and importantly, the tunability between heating and helicity effects with the unique dual-pump laser excitation approach will enable HD-AOS in a wide range of magnetic material systems having wide-ranging implications for potential ultrafast spintronics applications. Graphical abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus can cause fatal pneumonia. The evolution of bacteria and the overuse of antibiotics have enhanced the drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Objectives: This study aimed to recapitulate the microbiological profile and clinical characteristics of paediatric patients with MRSA. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to investigate 1372 paediatric patients with S. aureus pneumonia from January 2017 to December 2021. Sputum specimens were collected and processed for performing bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests. Medical records of patients were reviewed for clinical characteristics and laboratory examination results. Results: The MRSA and MSSA pneumonia mainly occurred in infants; however, comparisons of sex, age, and sampling time between patients with MRSA and MSSA pneumonia showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). The results of drug sensitivity in sputum culture revealed that all MRSA and MSSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, teicoplanin, and ceftaroline. Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus was completely sensitive to rifampicin and oxacillin. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was completely resistant to penicillin and oxacillin, while MSSA was less sensitive to penicillin. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and MSSA both maintained high sensitivity rates to gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin, with the exception of clindamycin and erythromycin. According to our results, moreover, the sensitivity of MRSA to gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was significantly higher than that of MSSA (P < 0.05). The common symptoms of patients with S. aureus pneumonia were fever, cough, and wheezing. patients with MRSA pneumonia had significantly higher counts of white blood cells (WBCs), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) than patients with MSSA pneumonia (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of antimicrobial sensitivity test in sputum culture of MRSA and MSSA isolates can reflect the sensitivity of antibiotics and guide the use of clinical antibiotics. Infectious biomarkers can reflect the severity of infection and guide prognosis.

To investigate the differences between temporomandibular articular fossa bone surface and the envelope surface of the mandibular condyle movement.Thirty-four healthy adults underwent skull base and mandible scans using CBCT and performed mandibular border movement using the mandibular movement recording system. Landmarks of the fossa and tubercle were indicated and distance and angle parameters were measured on the 3D models reconstructed from the CBCT. The condyle movement envelope surfaces were formed according to models reconstructed from CBCT and the mandibular movement trajectory using computer simulation. The highest and lowest points of the envelope surface were indicated to create parameters. The data were analysed using a paired t test in SPSS (version 24.0, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).The mandibular fossa bone surface was statistically different to the envelope surface for the height of the first peak of the envelope surface (3.280 ± 1.319 mm) and depth of the mandibular fossa (6.338 ± 2.389 mm) (the ratio was 51.75%), the height of the second peak of the envelope surface (1.463 ± 0.745 mm) and the height of the tubercle (2.000 ± 0.968 mm) (the ratio was 73.15%), and the downwards angle of the envelope surface (25.933 ± 7.539 degrees) and the posterior slope angle of the articular tubercle (35.059 ± 5.224 degrees) (the ratio was 73.97%).The downwards angle of the envelope surface was statistically significantly smaller than the posterior slope angle of the articular tubercle, suggesting that the condyle movement is flatter than the mandibular fossa bone surface.

We used patch-clamp and Western blot analysis to test whether PGF2α stimulates the basolateral 10-pS Cl− channel and thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl− cotransporter (NCC) in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) via a prostaglandin F receptor (FP-R). Single channel and whole cell recordings demonstrated that PGF2α stimulated the 10-pS Cl− channel in the DCT. The stimulatory effect of PGF2α on the Cl− channel was mimicked by a FP-R agonist, latanoprost, but was abrogated by blocking FP-R with AL8810. Also, the effect of PGF2α on the Cl− channel in the DCT was recapitulated by stimulating PKC but was blocked by inhibiting PKC. Furthermore, inhibition of p38 MAPK but not ERK blocked the effect of PGF2α on the 10-pS Cl− channel. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase also abrogated the stimulatory effect of PGF2α on the 10-pS Cl− channel, while the addition of 10 μM H2O2 mimicked the stimulatory effect of PGF2α on the 10-pS Cl− channel. Moreover, superoxide-related species may mediate the stimulatory effect of PGF2α on the 10-pS Cl− channel because the stimulatory effect of PGF2α and H2O2 was not additive. Western blot analysis showed that infusion of PGF2α in vivo not only increased the expression of FP-R but also increased the expression of total NCC and phosphorylated NCC. We conclude that PGF2α stimulates the basolateral 10-pS Cl− channel in the DCT by activating FP-R through PKC/p38 MAPK and NADPH oxidase-dependent pathways. The stimulatory effects of PGF2α on the Cl− channel and NCC may contribute to PGF2α-induced increases in NaCl reabsorption in the DCT.

Ting-Ting Ma,1,* Lin Wang,2,* Jun-Lin Wang,1 Yan-Jie Liu,1 Yu-Cong Chen,1 Hu-Jie He,1 Yong Song1 1Department of Stomatology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yong SongDepartment of Stomatology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, 8 Wenchang Road, Liuzhou 545006, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 0772 2662705Email songyong@whu.edu.cnIntroduction: ephrinA1 plays important roles in tumor angiogenesis. Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) can cleave ephrinA1 from the cell membrane into extracellular environment. However, how soluble ephrinA1 is modulated by hypoxia and whether MMPs participate in this hypoxic process remains to be investigated in detail.Methods: Thirty-seven patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were included in the present study for HIF-1α, MMP-2, MMP-9 and ephrinA1 detection by immunohistochemistry. Serum samples from 35 patients were collected both preoperatively and postoperatively to confirm the existence of soluble ephrinA1 by ELISA. Block assay and Western blot analysis were further carried out to elucidate the proteolysis mechanism of ephrinA1 under hypoxic condition in vitro.Results: Our data demonstrated that HIF-1α, MMP-2, MMP-9 and ephrinA1 expressed positively, and correlated with microvessel density in OSCCs, except for MMP-9. The serum expression level of ephrinA1 in OSCC patients decreased significantly after surgical removal of the solid tumors. In vitro experiments indicated that GM6001, a MMP-specific inhibitor, could reduce hypoxia-induced soluble ephrinA1 secretion from SCC cells. Further Western blot analysis confirmed that both HIF-1α and MMP-2 were up-regulated by hypoxia in a similar time-dependent manner, with the MMP-9 expression unchanged during this course.Conclusion: These results suggested a possible novel mechanism that ephrinA1 secretion is mediated by HIF-1α/MMP-2 signaling cascade which may play pivotal roles in OSCC neovascularization in a paracrine manner.Keywords: soluble ephrinA1, matrix metalloproteases, hypoxia, angiogenesis, oral squamous cell carcinoma

Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) microspheres supported α-FeO(OH) hybrids[α-FeO(OH)/g-C3N4] were prepared by means of a self-assembly method in deionized water. By UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, it has been confirmed that α-FeO(OH)/g-C3N4 has a wider absorption range than g-C3N4. The feature of α-FeO(OH)/g-C3N4 can be attributed to the efficient separation of the electron-hole pairs with photoluminescence spectra. The degradation rate of methyl orange(MO) is up to 99% under the optimal conditions of 110 min, initial concentration of 30 mg/L, an α-FeO(OH)/g-C3N4 dosage of 15 mg as well as visible light. The mechanism for this photocatalytic reaction was proposed, with hydroxyl radicals being a major active catalytic species.

A water circulation system with the almost same element composition and socket type was adopted in coral Acropora culture under different seawater pH value conditions and the data of the relationship between boron isotopic compositions of coral and seawater pH value by thermoelectric ionization mass spectrometer were obtained. According to the correlations between αcarb-3 of coral and the pH value of cultured seawater, αcarb-3 was not a constant but related to pH value, indicating that B(OH)3 also incorporated carbonate. Therefore, the theoretical formula could not be used to calculate the seawater pH value from the δ11Bcarb value of the measured marine biological carbonate. The empirical equations obtained experimentally would be an alternative method to calculate the seawater pH value. In addition, the mixed precipitation of CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 was found in aquaculture tanks with high pH value, and the δ11B of the solid was significantly higher than that of cultured seawater. The result indicated that the presence of Mg(OH)2 had a significant effect on the boron isotope fractionation, which deserved our attention.

We used patch-clamp and Western blot analysis to test whether PGF

The inhibition of Type II angiotensin II receptor (AT2R) or BK2R (bradykinin type II receptor) stimulates basolateral Kir4.1/Kir5.1 in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and activates thiazide-sensitive NCC (Na-Cl cotransporter). The aim of the present study is to examine the role of AT2R and BK2R in mediating the effect of HK (high dietary K + ) intake on the basolateral K + channels, NCC, and renal K + excretion. Feeding mice (male and female) with HK diet for overnight significantly decreased the basolateral K + conductance, depolarized the DCT membrane, diminished the expression of pNCC (phosphorylated NCC) and tNCC (total NCC), and decreased thiazide-sensitive natriuresis. Overnight HK intake also increased the expression of cleaved ENaC-α and -γ subunits but had no effect on NKCC2 expression. Pretreatment of the mice (male and female) with PD123319 and HOE140 stimulated the expression of tNCC and pNCC, augmented hydrochlorothiazide-induced natriuresis, and increased the negativity of the DCT membrane. The deletion of Kir4.1 not only decreased the NCC activity but also abolished the stimulatory effect of PD123319 and HOE140 perfusion on NCC activity. Moreover, the effect of overnight HK loading on Kir4.1/Kir5.1 in the DCT and NCC expression/activity was compromised in the mice treated with AT2R/BK2R antagonists. Renal clearance study showed that inhibition of AT2R and BK2R impairs renal K + excretion in response to overnight HK loading, and the mice pretreated with PD123319 and HOE140 were hyperkalemic during HK intake. We conclude that synergistic activation of AT2R and BK2R is required for the effect of overnight HK diet on Kir4.1/Kir5.1 in the DCT and NCC activity.

The main methods in LS-DYNA software for the simulation of dynamic fracture behavior of glass under blast loads were introduced and reviewed. Bond-based peridynamics computational model (PD model) has significant advantages over other methods for the brittle fracture analysis, especially for three-dimensional problems. Different mesh sizes and TNT charges were investigated on the glass fracture under blast loads by PD model. Simulation results show that annular damage arises in the border of glass panel at first, then it propagates to the center quickly. After some time, radial cracks emerge in the center of the glass panel. The center glass separates forwards from the panel, while the surrounding glass splashes reversely. The more explosive mass, the less size of glass fragments.

Stimulation of BK2R (bradykinin [BK] B2 receptor) has been shown to increase renal Na + excretion. The aim of the present study is to explore the role of BK2R in regulating Kir4.1 and NCC (NaCl cotransporter) in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that BK2R was highly expressed in both apical and lateral membrane of Kir4.1-positive tubules, such as DCT. Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that BK inhibited the basolateral 40-pS K + channel (a Kir4.1/5.1 heterotetramer) in the DCT, and this effect was blocked by BK2R antagonist but not by BK1R (BK B1 receptor) antagonist. Whole-cell recordings also demonstrated that BK decreased the basolateral K + conductance of the DCT and depolarized the membrane. Renal clearance experiments showed that BK increased urinary Na + and K + excretion. However, the BK-induced natriuretic effect was completely abolished in KS-Kir4.1 KO (kidney-specific conditional Kir4.1 knockout) mice, suggesting that Kir4.1 activity is required for BK-induced natriuresis. The continuous infusion of BK with osmotic pump for 3 days decreased the basolateral K + conductance and the negativity of the DCT membrane. Western blot showed that infusion of BK decreased the expression of total NCC and phosphorylated NCC. Renal clearance experiments demonstrated that thiazide-induced natriuresis was blunted in the mice receiving BK infusion, suggesting that BK inhibited NCC function. Consequently, mice receiving BK infusion for 3 days were hypokalemic. We conclude that stimulation of BK2R inhibits NCC activity, increases urinary K + excretion, and causes mice hypokalemia and that Kir4.1 is required for BK2R-mediated stimulation of urinary Na + and K + excretion.

The polymer semiconductor-supported \(\hbox {FePO}_{4 }\) (\(\hbox {FePO}_{4}\)/g-\(\hbox {C}_{3}\hbox {N}_{4}\)) nanocomposites were prepared using \(\hbox {FePO}_{4}\) and g-\(\hbox {C}_{3}\hbox {N}_{4}\) as materials by ultrasound mixing method. The nanocomposite samples were characterized by XRD, UV–Vis DRS, and PL. \(\hbox {FePO}_{4}\)/g-\(\hbox {C}_{3}\hbox {N}_{4}\) showed higher photocatalytic activity to degrade Rhodamine B than \(\hbox {FePO}_{4}\) and g-\(\hbox {C}_{3}\hbox {N}_{4}\) under visible light irradiation. The feature of \(\hbox {FePO}_{4}\)/g-\(\hbox {C}_{3}\hbox {N}_{4}\) was attributed to efficient separation of the electron–hole pairs. The results of recycling photocatalytic experiment demonstrated that polymer/inorganic salt composites possessed higher stability.

In this study, the brazing of W-coated diamond to 1045 steel with Ni-based filler alloy was investigated. In addition, the brazing thermal damage of W-coated diamond joints was compared to that of uncoated ones. After brazing, the coating was not fount to affect the good wettability of the Ni-based filler alloy to the diamond. Moreover, the cracks at the interface of W-coated diamond were less and smaller. An ordered and compact Cr3C2 layer was formed on the surface of the uncoated diamond, while a disordered Cr3C2 layer and rod-like Cr7C3 growing into the filler alloy were formed on the surface of the W-coated diamond. The chromium carbide layer on the W-coated diamond surface was thinner, the graphitization degree was lower, and the maximum residual compressive stress was reduced by 11.4% compared to those on the uncoated diamond. The mechanical properties of the W-coated diamond grits were better preserved after brazing, and the coating alleviated the thermal damage of the brazed diamond joint.

The stimulation of β–adrenergic receptor increases thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCC), an effect contributing to salt-sensitive hypertension by sympathetic stimulation. We now test whether the stimulation of β–adrenergic receptor-induced activation of NCC is achieved through activating basolateral Kir4.1 in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Application of norepinephrine increased the basolateral 40 pS K + channel (Kir4.1/Kir5.1 heterotetramer) in the DCT. The stimulatory effect of norepinephrine on the K + channel was mimicked by cAMP analogue but abolished by inhibiting PKA (protein kinase A). Also, the effect of norepinephrine on the K + channel in the DCT was recapitulated by isoproterenol but not by α–adrenergic agonist and blocked by propranolol, suggesting that norepinephrine effect on the K + channel was mediated by β–adrenergic receptor. The whole-cell recording shows that norepinephrine and isoproterenol increased DCT K + currents and shifted the K + current ( I K ) reversal potential to negative range (hyperpolarization). Continuous norepinephrine perfusion (7 days) increased DCT K + currents, hyperpolarized I K reversal potential, and increased the expression of total NCC/phosphorylated NCC, but it had no significant effect on the expression of NKCC2 (type 2 Na-Cl-K cotransporter) and ENaC-α (epithelial Na channel-α subunit). Renal clearance study demonstrated that norepinephrine perfusion augmented thiazide-induced urinary Na + excretion only in wild-type but not in kidney-specific Kir4.1 knockout mice, suggesting that Kir4.1 is required for mediating the effect of norepinephrine on NCC. However, norepinephrine perfusion did not affect urinary K + excretion. We conclude that the stimulation of β–adrenergic receptor activates the basolateral Kir4.1 in the DCT and that the activation of Kir4.1 is required for norepinephrine-induced stimulation of NCC.

Since Sep. 2018, LAMOST started the medium-resolution (R $\sim 7500$) spectral survey (MRS). We proposed the spectral survey of Galactic nebulae, including \hii\ regions, HH objects, supernova remnants, planetary nebulae and the special stars with MRS (LAMOST MRS-N). LAMOST MRS-N covers about 1700 square degrees of the northern Galactic plane within $40^\circ < l < 215^\circ$ and $-5^\circ < b < 5^\circ$. In this 5-year survey, we plan to observe about 500 thousand nebulae spectra. According to the commissioning observations, the nebulae spectra can provide precise radial velocity with uncertainty less than 1 km s$^{-1}$. These high-precision spectral data are of great significance to our understanding of star formation and evolution., Submitted to RAA. 13 pages, 7 figures, 1 table

Dynamic collapse analysis is an important research subject for large span single layer reticulated shell structures. In this paper, the dynamic collapse behavior of the single layer reticulated shell with substructure which support the reticulated shell are investigated under the earthquake actions. In the analysis, the geometric imperfections, the material and the geometric nonlinear of the structures are considered. The effects of different stiffness of substructure to the collapse earthquake accelerations and the plastic member distribution of the reticulated shell are investigated.

An effective method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of four bisphenols (bisphenol A, S, F and B) in various foodstuffs. The contaminants were extracted by QuEChERS-based strategy and subjected to ion-exchange solid-phase extraction for further clean-up. The critical variables were screened by Plackett-Burman design and then optimized by central composite design. Under the optimized conditions, satisfactory accuracy (recoveries 76%-116%) and precision (RSDs 12%) were achieved. The established method was then used to assess the contamination status of 379 real samples. Bisphenol A was demonstrated to be the predominant bisphenol with highest incidence (79.7%) and average concentration (14.3 μg/kg). The positive rates (mean concentration) of bisphenol S, F and B were 37.7% (1.6 μg/kg), 26.9% (1.4 μg/kg) and 0.0% (not detected), respectively. Finally, the daily dietary intakes of ∑

Stimulation of bradykinin (BK) B2 receptor (BK2R) has been shown to increase renal Na(+) excretion. The aim of the present study is to explore the role of BK2R in regulating Kir4.1 and Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that BK2R was highly expressed in both apical and lateral membrane of Kir4.1 positive tubules such as DCT. Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that BK inhibited the basolateral 40 pS K(+) channel (a Kir4.1/5.1 heterotetramer) in the DCT and this effect was blocked by BK2R antagonist but not by BK1R antagonist. Whole-cell recordings also demonstrated that BK decreased the basolateral K(+) conductance of the DCT and depolarized the membrane. Renal clearance experiments showed that BK increased urinary Na(+) and K(+) excretion. However, the BK-induced natriuretic effect was completely abolished in kidney-specific conditional Kir4.1 knockout mice, suggesting that Kir4.1 activity is required for BK-induced natriuresis. The continuous infusion of BK with osmotic pump for 3 days decreased the basolateral K(+) conductance and the negativity of the DCT membrane. Western blot showed that infusion of BK decreased the expression of total NCC and phosphorylated NCC. Renal clearance experiments demonstrated that thiazide-induced natriuresis was blunted in the mice receiving BK infusion, suggesting that BK inhibited NCC function. Consequently, mice receiving BK infusion for 3 days were hypokalemic. We conclude that stimulation of BK2R inhibits NCC activity, increases urinary K(+) excretion and causes mice hypokalemic and that Kir4.1 is required for BK2R-mediated stimulation of urinary Na(+) and K(+) excretion.

The study reports a girl with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy. The girl was admitted at the age of 2 years because of intermittent convulsions for 1.5 years and psychomotor retardation. She had a history of "hypoxia" in the neonatal period. At the age of 5 months recurrent epileptic seizures occurred. The child was resistant to antiepileptic drugs, and had many more seizures when she got cold or fever. She also had a lot of convulsive status epilepticus. No discharges were found during several video-EEG monitorings. Cerebral MRI examinations showed normal results. So Dravet syndrome was clinically suspected. ALDH7N1 gene mutation analysis revealed two heterozygote mutations, and pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy was thus confirmed. Seizures were generally controlled after pyridoxine supplementation.

Dynamic stability analysis is a very important research project in the space structures. Up to now, in most researches, the imperfections of members are not included in the dynamic stability analysis for the single-layer lattice domes. In this paper, using multiple-beam method to simulate the initial bending deformation of the members, the dynamic stability behavior of a Kiewitt-8 single-layer lattice dome under three dimensional earthquake actions is analyzed by considering the member imperfections and the initial geometrical imperfections. The influence of member imperfections to the dynamic stability behavior of the structure is investigated.

Using nonlinear finite element method, the three dimensional nonlinear analysis of the radial steel gate of a reservoir is carried out. In the analysis, the radial steel gate considering and without considering the stiffeners of the panel is analyzed to investigate the effect of the stiffener to the panel. In the corrosion sensitive analysis, the panel of the gate is divided into three sections, and the nonlinear analysis is carried out for each section that is rusted with different corrosion depth. The corrosion sensitive section and the stress variation with the corrosion depth are present.

Wind actions on the structures consist of two parts, the average action and the fluctuation action. The fluctuation action will cause the structures vibrating and enlarge the wind action of the structures. This paper investigates the wind vibration coefficient for the single layer lattice barrel vault structures. In the analysis, the simulation velocity-time curve of wind is developed and the finite element methods are used to analyze the wind-induced vibration responses of the lattice barrel vault structures. The influence of the rise to span ratio, the length to width ratio of the structure, and the different average velocity of the wind are investigated. Based on the numerical analysis results, the formula of the wind vibration coefficient for the single layer lattice barrel vault structure is suggested for the wind resistance design of the structures.

In order to superpolish fused silica surface, a non-contact polishing method is applied, which is called as computer numerical-controlled (CNC) micro-jet polishing (MJP) technology developed on the base of the hydrodynamic mechanism. In this paper, both the theory and the techniques about this new polishing technology are introduced in detail, and the curved surface of fused silica was polished. The results demonstrate that no new scratches were produced when the nanoparticles removed the atoms away from the surface. The roughness decreased monotonously with the removal of subsurface damage layer. And ideal Ultrasmooth surface without scratches was achieved by MJP with waveness less than 0.2nmrmsRMS while the high-spatial frequency roughness less than 0.1nmrmsRMS (sub-angstrom).

For accurate test on the influence factors of nitrogen removal in constructed wetland technology, experiment to simulate the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland processing of central drainage water in Shenyang Architecture University, mainly analysis the efficiency of nitrogen removal. The results show that we ultimately determine the influencing factors on the removal rate of nitrogen effect model by analyzing the data through multiple linear regression method. It is proved that the prediction results were exact, and can be used to guide the eutrophic landscape water body treatment and pollution control field Construction of constructed wetland technology in China.

The large power current is sampled by Rogowski coil, then transforms the sampling signals from AC to DC and regulates the signals, the current detection unit is formed with FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) and GMM (Giant Magnetostrictive Material), the current measurement is achieved based on the F-P interferometer filter demodulation system, finally, linear relationship between the Bragg wavelength shift and external current is validated by experiment.

Critical wind velocity of dynamic failure is an important factor for the wind-resistance design of three-way single-layer cylindrical reticulated shells. This paper investigates the elastoplastic dynamic failure of reticulated shells under three dimensional wind loads, the ultimate capacity, buckling mode and plastic development distribution of reticulated shells under wind loads are investigated. The influence of initial geometrical imperfections, initial static loads, supporting types, rise-span ratio, long-width ratio on the failure performance of reticulated shells are presented. The comparison of the ultimate bearing capacity shows that the critical wind velocities under dynamic wind loads are much lower than that under static wind loads for reticulated shells.

There is no consensus on how to establish models of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in large mammals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a novel canine model of ONFH, induced by a navigated injection of absolute ethanol. Using three-dimensional reconstruction and rapid prototyping manufacturing techniques, a new template was designed and processed to navigate the ethanol injection. The femoral heads of 18 adult dogs were injected with ethanol. Macroscopic, X-ray and histological examinations were performed at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after the operation. Further, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and radionuclide scans were performed 6 weeks postoperatively. Three weeks after the operation, the femoral heads showed evidence of osteonecrosis including increasing numbers of empty lacunae, decreased hematopoietic cells, and destroyed adipose tissue in the medullary cavity, which increased in severity at the subsequent follow-up evaluations at 6 and 9 weeks. Fractured trabeculae and fibrous tissue were noted 9 weeks postoperatively. Image analysis also revealed evidence of osteonecrosis, such as several osteopenic areas with sclerotic rims on the X-ray, several areas of low bone mineral density with sclerosis on the CT scan, increased uptake of the nuclide species in MRI, and an inhomogeneous long T2 signal on the radioisotopic images. Ethanol injection navigated by our novel template was successful in establishing a canine model of ONFH. This model can be used to test new treatment modalities for human ONFH.

Two new bicoumarins, named repensin A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from Trifolium repens. On the basis of spectral data, the structures of 1 and 2 have been established as 7-methoxy-7',8'-dihydroxy-8,6'-bicoumarinyl and 7,5'-dihydroxy-3,6'-bicoumarinyl, respectively.

There are a lot of reports and reviews about osteonecrosis of the talus (ONT), yet reports about the animal model of ONT to evaluate proper therapeutic approaches are rarely heard. In our study, a novel animal model was established. Pure ethanol was injected into the cancellous bone of sheep's talus. Macroscopic observation, X-ray, CT and histology were performed at two, four, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively. It was revealed that the trabeculae of talar head began to change their structure after two weeks postoperatively compared to the normal talus. The ONT was obvious at the end of the fourth week, and their outstanding feature was the damage of trabeculae bone and formation of cavities. CT scans and pathological changes of the subjects all showed characteristics of the early stage of osteonecrosis, also the sections of the specimens confirmed necrosis of tali. By 12 weeks, the phenomenon of necrosis still existed but fibrous tissue proliferated prominently and bone reconstruction appeared in certain area. Most specimens (3/4) got late stage necrosis which presented as synarthrosis in X-ray and mass proliferation of fibrous tissue in histology at the end of 24 weeks. The novel animal model of ONT was successful, and it is inclined to deteriorate without any intervention. The study provides us a new way to evaluate various treatments on ONT in laboratory, which may eventually pave way to clinical applications.

Resurfacing of cartilage defect with mini titanium plug is considered a promising alternative for the treatment of focal chondral defects. Elastic modulus of the metal implant plays a significant role in force transmission which influences the stability of plug. This study assessed the effects of two kinds of titanium alloy plug with different elastic modulus, that is, titanium 2448 (Ti2448) plug and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium (TAV) plug on osteointegration. The full-thickness chondral defects were created in bilateral knees of dogs and then TAV and Ti2448 plugs were implanted, respectively. After 12 weeks, radiographic evaluation did not reveal any signs of disassembly, subsidence, or periprosthetic radiolucency in both groups. Microcomputed tomography analysis revealed that bone histomorphometric parameters in Ti2448 group were all significantly better than those of TAV group. Furthermore, the value of pullout force in Ti2448 group was also significantly higher. Histology showed that the screw threads of Ti2448 plug were well integrated into the newly formed bone. In contrast, the trabecular bone was sparsely distributed around TAV plug. In conclusion, Ti2448 plug with low elastic modulus showed more favorable characteristics in osteointegration. Ti2448 may be a promising biomaterial for fabricating mini plug applied for cartilage resurfacing.

To explore genes associated with risk classification of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by gene chip technology.Group A and B were both composed of three newly diagnosed ALL cases with standard risk. After re-evaluation, group B was relegated to high-risk. The control group was composed of three idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients. The gene expression profiles of group A and B were studied by Illumina Human-6 Beadchip. Eighty-two ALL patients were selected as the experimental group and 21 with normal bone marrow as control group for real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RQ-PCR).(1) There were 19 genes expressed differently between group B and A, including 14 up-regulated as ABCC4 and BCL11A, 5 down-regulated genes as TOP2A. (2) ABCC4 and BCL11A were validated by RQ-PCR and their expression level was higher in the high risk group than in the standard risk group (P0.05). The gene expression level in the group A and B was higher than that in the normal control group (P0.01). TOP2A was also validated by RQ-PCR and its expression level in the high risk group was lower than that in the standard risk group (P0.05). The gene expression level in the groups A and B was lower than that in the normal control group and the difference was statistically significance (P0.01). (3) There was a significant difference in the expression level of ABCC4 between the remission and unremission patients (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression level of BCL11A between different clinical indicators (P0.05). There was significant difference in the expression level of TOP2A between remission and prednisone good responder groups (P0.05).Fourteen genes studied were involved in the pathogenesis and drug resistance mechanism in childhood ALL patients. Investigation of gene expression profile will be helpful for predicting drug resistance, prognosis, early intervention and target therapy in childhood ALL.

The main features of target detection based on non-cooperative illuminators is introduced in this paper, develop status quo of passive radar and basic structure of the system presented, and the key techniques which are required for implementing the system and their current development described.

To examine the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on NIH3T3 cells.The NIH3T3 cells were cultured in DMEM with 50 microg/L rhBMP-2. The proliferation ability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OC) quantity of NIH3T3 cells were investigated.The cells showed decreased proliferation ability but enhanced ALP activity and OC quantity.50 microg/L rhBMP-2 can transform NIH3T3 fibroblasts to osteo-like cells.

Two new bicoumarins, named repensin A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from Trifolium repens. On the basis of spectral data, the structures of 1 and 2 have been established as 7-methoxy-7',8'-dihydroxy-8,6'-bicoumarinyl and 7,5'-dihydroxy-3,6'-bicoumarinyl, respectively.

Osteonecrosis of the talus (ONT) may severely affect the function of the ankle joint. Most orthopedists believe that ONT should be treated at an early stage, but a concise and effective surgical treatment is lacking. In this study, porous titanium alloy rods were prepared and implanted into the tali of sheep with early-stage ONT (IM group). The curative effect of the rods was compared to treatment by core decompression (DC group). No significant differences in bone reconstruction were observed between the two groups at 1 month after intervention. After 3 months, the macroscopic view of gross specimens of the IM group showed ordinary contours, but the specimens of the DC group showed obvious partial bone defects and cartilage degeneration. Quantitative analysis of the reconstructed trabeculae by micro-CT and histological study suggested that the curative effect of the IM group was superior to that of the DC group at 3 months after intervention. These favorable short-term results of the implantation of porous titanium alloy rods into the tali of sheep with early-stage ONT may provide insight into an innovative surgical treatment for ONT.