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Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi mainly characterized by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci. Freshwater Sordariomycetes play an important role in ecosystems and some of them have the potential to produce bioactive compounds. This study documents and reviews the freshwater Sordariomycetes, which is one of the largest and important groups of fungi in aquatic habitats. Based on evidence from DNA sequence data and morphology, we introduce a new order Distoseptisporales, two new families, viz. Ceratosphaeriaceae and Triadelphiaceae, three new genera, viz.Aquafiliformis,DematiosporiumandNeospadicoides, 47 new species, viz.Acrodictys fluminicola,Aquafiliformis lignicola,Aquapteridospora fusiformis,Arthrinium aquaticum,Ascosacculus fusiformis,Atractospora aquatica,Barbatosphaeria lignicola,Ceratosphaeria aquatica,C. lignicola,Chaetosphaeria aquatica,Ch. catenulata,Ch. guttulata,Ch. submersa,Codinaea yunnanensis,Conioscypha aquatica,C. submersa,Cordana aquatica,C. lignicola,Cosmospora aquatica,Cylindrotrichum submersum,Dematiosporium aquaticum,Dictyochaeta cangshanensis,D. ellipsoidea,D. lignicola,D. submersa,Distoseptispora appendiculata,D. lignicola,D. neorostrata,D. obclavata,Hypoxylon lignicola,Lepteutypa aquatica,Myrmecridium aquaticum,Neospadicoides aquatica,N. lignicola,N. yunnanensis,Ophioceras submersum,Peroneutypa lignicola,Phaeoisaria filiformis,Pseudostanjehughesia lignicola,Rhodoveronaea aquatica,Seiridium aquaticum,Sporidesmiella aquatica,Sporidesmium lageniforme,S. lignicola,Tainosphaeria lunata,T. obclavata,Wongia aquatica, two new combinations, viz.Acrodictys aquatica,Cylindrotrichum aquaticum, and 9 new records, viz.Chaetomium globosum,Chaetosphaeria cubensis,Ch. myriocarpa,Cordana abramovii,Co. terrestris,Cuspidatispora xiphiago,Sporidesmiella hyalosperma,Stachybotrys chartarum,S. chlorohalonata. A comprehensive classification of the freshwater Sordariomycetes is presented based on updated literature. Phylogenetic inferences based on DNA sequence analyses of a combined LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF1α dataset comprising species of freshwater Sordariomycetes are provided. Detailed information including their habitats distribution, diversity, holotype, specimens collected and classification are provided.

Variety of routing approaches are employed by global routers in the VLSI circuit designs. Rip-up and reroute, as a conveniently implemented method, is widely used in most of modern global routers. Maze algorithm is always performed iteratively as the final technique to eliminate overflow. Maze algorithm and its ramifications can obtain an optimum solution. However, it will cost much CPU time if being used impertinently. In this work, we present a global router called Bottom-Up Router (BU-Router), with an optimized maze algorithm, which is based on multi-source multi-sink maze. BU-Router processes not the nets but the segments of nets in a sequence ordered by the length. In the progress, segments will be fixed on the global route graph edge, when the edge is saturated, which is as the basis, also known as bottom. Then the edge will be set as a blockage, which wont accept path goes through it any more. This means the edge will push the possible congestion in the future. Besides this, BU-Router optimized cost function in two ways: make the function adaptive and congestion center avoidable. Additionally, a specific optimized maze algorithm is proposed for routing a long distance segment so as to reduce the run-time.

To investigate the effects of curcumin and paclitaxel on proliferation and apoptosis of human oral squamous carcinoma cell line CAL27.CAL27 cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of curcumin and paclitaxel separately or in combination for 24, 48 and 72 h. The cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by Tunel staining. Expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and active caspase-3 were analyzed by Western blot. The data were analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software package.Compared with the effects of curcumin or paclitaxel, combined treatment of both drugs significantly inhibited cell growth, induced cell apoptosis, decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and increased the expression of Bax and active caspase-3 in CAL 27 cells.Combined treatment of Curcumin and Paclitaxel significantly inhibits cell growth and mediated cell apoptosis compared with that of either single drug.

To explore the expression of p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) gene in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) and its clinical significance.The expressions of PUMA gene and protein were detected in 27 SACC tumor-adjacent tissues (group A) and 27 SACC tumor tissues (group B) with real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software package.The expression of PUMA gene in groups A as calibrator was 1，and expression of PUMA gene in group B was 0.57±0.17. The expression of PUMA protein in groups A and B were 0.94±0.12 and 0.36±0.12，respectively. The expressions of PUMA gene and protein were significantly lower in group B than in group A (P0.05).The expression of puma gene in SACC tissues is down-regulated, which is negatively correlated with the development of SACC.

Regarding 1100mm rolling mill hydraulic AGC system as the research object, on the basis of considering the pipeline dynamic characteristics and adopting position-pressure compound control method, the mathematical model of the hydraulic system is established. This paper analyzes the system dynamic characteristics in different conditions and studies the various static and dynamic error compensation methods.

The effects of demethylbellidifolin (DMB), a xanthone compound extracted from Swertia davidi Franch, on activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) were investigated. Rat HSC line HSC-T6 cultured in vitro showed an activated status, which expressed α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and synthesized collagen I. Treated with different concentrations (10, 20, or 40 μM) of DMB for 12 -48 hr could markedly inhibit cell proliferation reflected by MTT and [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assays, and downregulate the expressions of both α-SMA and collagen I in HSC-T6 cells. Also, such treatment concentration-dependently downregulated both mRNA and protein expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) was very low in activated HSC-T6, which could be significantly upregulated by treatment with DMB. Furthermore, PPAR-γ antagonist PD68235 (5-20 μM) markedly blocked these effects of DMB mentioned above. In summary, DMB inhibits HSC proliferation and activation, which may be related to activating PPAR-γ-mediated pathway.

The authors take GIS technology as based platform, using Internet and database management techniques, to complete the collection, storage, management, analysis, computation and graphics processing of urban public transport information. And the system process information results are displayed in an integrated form including map, text, sound and image. The paper put emphasis on discussing system development platform, system structure, function structure, and solve the integration issues of spatial data and attribute data. So It not only provides users with general inquiry of public transport, also achieves the bus transfer, greatly facilitating the travel of residents and providing a reasonable planning decision support for transport sector planning bus lines reasonably.