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A fossil specimen of the jumping plant-louse genus Cacopsylla (Insecta, Hemiptera, Psylloidea) is described from lacustrine sediments of the middle Pleistocene Miyajima Formation of the Shiobara Group in Tochigi Prefecture, central Japan. It is the first report of a psylloid fossil from Japan. The specimen is a compression fossil of almost whole insect body, and the superb preservation of forewings with delicate veins and membrane tissues strongly suggests that it can be most probably identified as Cacopsylla abieti (Kuwayama), which is a common extant psyllid species in the fossil locality, or possibly its most closely relative of continental east Asia, Cacopsylla pseudosieboldiani (Konovalova and Loginova). The fossil-yielding stratum is a Lagerstatte known for the abundant fossil leaves and other fossil organisms. Extant C. abieti feeds on Siebold’s maple Acer sieboldianum, and remains of various species of Acer including A. sieboldianum are common components of Shiobara fossil biota.

Anomoneura taiwanicasp. nov. (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Psyllidae, Psyllinae) is described based on samples from Taiwan that were previously misidentified as A. mori Schwarz, 1896. Morphological and genetic differences between the two species, as well as their distribution, are detailed and discussed. Comments on the pest status of Anomoneura spp. in East Asia are also provided.

The plant-louse subfamily Miralinae, as a bizarre extinct psylloid lineage displaying some unique body structures and wing characteristics, was recently erected on the basis of the monotypic genus Mirala reported in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of northern Myanmar. Herein, Burmala liaoyaoi gen. et sp. nov., as the second genus and species of Miralinae, is described and illustrated from the same amber biota. The new genus is discriminated from Mirala by possessing elongate compound eyes, lateral ocelli close to anterior margin of compound eyes, and forewings with the wing tip at ending of vein M, very thick and long bScP, complete CuA2 and CuP, etc. Our new finding provides additional morphological information for the intriguing Miralinae, further adding the biodiversity and disparity of this plant-louse subfamily.

The first jumping plant-louse from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber is described as Mirala burmanica gen. et sp. nov. The absence of modified hind legs places the new taxon near the Mesozoic Liadopsyllidae (1 genus, 12 species) and Malmopsyllidae (4 genera, 4 species). The latter is defined by the presence of a pterostigma in the fore wing but is otherwise morphologically heterogeneous. Mirala has a pterostigma but shares also characters with Liadopsyllidae. It is concluded that Malmopsyllidae is polyphyletic and following synonymy is proposed: Liadopsyllidae = Malmopsyllidae syn. nov. Mirala differs from the other five Mesozoic psylloid genera in the straight, subparallel veins Rs, M and Cu1a, the unforked vein M in the fore wing and the straight vein Cu1b which is directed toward the wing base. A key is provided for the identification of the genera of Liadopsyllidae. The new taxon described here represents only the third specimen of Liadopsyllidae preserved in amber, and the fourth species from the Cretaceous (the majority being Jurassic). A member of the plant family Lauraceae is discussed as a possible host plant for the psyllid lineage in Burmese amber.

Homotoma eastopi Hollis & Broomfield 1989, previously described from Bamenda (Northwest Region, Cameroon) with unknown immatures and host plants is presently reported from Yaounde (Centre Region, Cameroon), on several species of the genus Ficus on which adults and immatures feed. The last instar immature is described and illustrated; taxonomically relevant morphological details of the adults are illustrated, especially on the head, and male and female terminalia. The host plant range and information on its biology are also given.

Food security is threatened by newly emerging pests with increased invasive potential accelerated through globalization. The Neotropical jumping plant louse Russelliana solanicola Tuthill is currently a localized potato pest and probable vector of plant pathogens. It is an unusually polyphagous species and is widely distributed in and along the Andes. To date, introductions have been detected in eastern Argentina, southern Brazil and Uruguay. Species distribution models (SDMs) and trait comparisons based on contemporary and historical collections are used to estimate the potential spread of R. solanicola worldwide. We also extend our analyses to all described species in the genus Russelliana in order to assess the value of looking beyond pest species to predict pest spread. We investigate the extent to which data on geographical range and environmental niche can be effectively extracted from museum collections for comparative analyses of pest and non-pest species in Russelliana. Our results indicate that R. solanicola has potential for invasion in many parts of the world with suitable environmental conditions that currently have or are anticipated to increase potato cultivation. Large geographical ranges are characteristic of a morphological subgeneric taxon group that includes R. solanicola; this same group also has a larger environmental breadth than other groups within the genus. Ecological modelling using museum collections provides a useful tool for identifying emerging pests and developing integrated pest management programs.

The problem of jumping plant - lice, an important pest on pear, appeared in the middle of the twentieth century and represents a direct consequence of pear cultivation on large areas with intensive application of agrotechnical, pomotechnical and chemical protection measures. Three species of jumping plant - lice are known on pear in Serbia: Cacopsylla pyri, C. pyrisuga i C. pyricola, among which C. pyri is the most important pest in intensive orchards. During jumping plant - lice fauna research in Serbia, besides these three species, another one was determined as well - Cacopsylla bidens. In the period from 2005 to 2010, the presence and harmfulness of C. bidens were determined at 56 localities, both in intensive and extensive pear orchards. Besides on cultivated pears, C. bidens was also determined on wild species of Pyrus genus. In our conditions, C. bidens overwinters in adult stage on pear. The activation of the adults that have overwintered occurs at the beginning of March. The extended period of oviposition provides permanent presence of all developmental stages on plant, so the generations overlap. It can develop 3 to 4 generations per year. Since this is the first record of the species in Serbia, this paper describes basic morphological characteristics of the species, development cycle and distribution. Problem lisnih buva, kao značajnih štetočina kruške, pojavio se polovinom prošlog veka i predstavlja direktnu posledicu gajenja kruške na velikim površinama uz intenzivnu primenu agrotehničkih, pomotehničkih i hemijskih mera zaštite. Na području Srbije, na krušci, do sada su bile poznate tri vrste lisnih buva: Cacopsylla pyri, C. pyrisuga i C. pyricola, od kojih je C. pyri najznačajnija štetočina u intenzivnim zasadima. Tokom proučavanja faune lisnih buva Srbije, osim navedene tri utvrđena je još jedna - Cacopsylla bidens. U periodu od 2005. do 2010. godine na 56 lokaliteta utvrđeno je prisustvo i štetnost C. bidens, kako u intenzivnim tako i u ekstenzivnim zasadima kruške. Osim na gajenim kruškama, C. bidens je utvrđena i na divljim vrstama roda Pyrus. U našim uslovima C. bidens prezimljava u stadijumu imaga na kruški. Aktivacija prezimelih imaga je početkom marta. Razvučen period ovipozicije obezbeđuje stalno prisustvo svih razvojnih stadijuma na biljci, tako da se generacije preklapaju. U toku godine može da razvije 3 do 4 generacije. S obzirom da se radi o prvom nalazu vrste na teritoriji Srbije, u ovom radu su opisane osnovne morfološke karakteristike vrste, ciklus razvića i rasprostranjenost.

louse species from Central Europe. - Trioza flixiana sp. n. is described from several localities in Switzerland. The species is closely related to T. cirsii from which it differs in details of the male paramere, the aedeagal apex, the female proctiger, the antennal colour and the longer terminal setae on antennal segment 10. Larvae are so far unknown.

The Neotropical genus Russelliana (Psyllidae: Aphalaroidinae) is revised and its phylogenetic, host-plant and biogeographical relationships are discussed. Twenty-four species are described as new, bringing the number of known species to 43. An identification key is provided for the adults. A phylogenetic analysis of 26 morphological characters resulted in 54 most parsimonious trees. The consensus tree is well resolved at the base but poorly at the crown. Most Russelliana species are monophagous or oligophagous with the exception of R. solanicola which is polyphagous. With eight plant families, the host range of Russelliana is broader than that of other aphalaroidine genera. The hosts for 29 species are confirmed, those for 12 species are suggested based on phylogenetic relationships. The species associated with Asteraceae (4 spp.) and most of the Fabaceae-feeders (12 spp.) form each a monophyletic group, those associated with Verbenaceae (5 spp.) are paraphyletic and those with Solanaceae are polyphyletic (16 spp.). The two species associated with Rosaceae are not closely related. These patterns suggest repeated host shifts. Whether there is cospeciation in some groups cannot be judged as neither psyllid nor host phylogenies are sufficiently resolved. The world psylloid fauna comprises relatively few species associated with Solanaceae. The number of 16 Russelliana species with confirmed or likely solanaceous hosts is, therefore, surprising and important in view of the potential pest status of some Russelliana spp. The genus is restricted to temperate and subtropical South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Southern Brazil, Chile, Peru and Uruguay). Most species are known from the Western Andean part of the continent. Only four species are currently known from Eastern South America. The cladogram suggests that geographical vicariance may account for at least part of the observed species richness, as five vicariant events were detected for Russelliana. A better resolution of the cladogram may reveal more cases of geographical vicariance.

Trioza vitreoradiata (Maskell), a native of New Zealand, has recently been noted feeding on Pittosporum spp. (Pittosporaceae) in south-western Britain, where it causes damage to windbreaks and nursery plants. Its economic impact and nomenclatural history are discussed, and modifications to published keys to adults and nymphs of British Psylloidea are suggested to enable its recognition.

A new species of Trioza feed on Caloncoba welwitschii (Flacourtiaceae) has been identified for the first time and named Trioza messii sp.n.. It belongs to the family Triozidae Löw 1896, to the genus Trioza Foerster 1848 and to the group of Neoboutonia Hollis 1984. This Flacourtiaceae is known as a family of host plant for Triozids in the tropical African region. Une nouvelle espèce de Trioza se nourrissant sur Caloncoba welwitschii (Flacourtiaceae) est identifiée pour la première fois et nommée Trioza messii sp.n.. Elle appartient à la famille des Triozidae Löw 1896, au genre Trioza Foerster 1848 et au groupe des Néoboutonia Hollis 1984. Cette Flacourtiaceae est connue comme famille de plante hôte des Triozidés dans la région tropicale d’Afrique.

During investigations of jumping plant lice, Cacopsylla ulmi Först was found for the first time in Serbia on the elm Ulmus effusa Willd. The main morphological characteristics of the species, its biology and damage caused by it are treated in this paper. Tokom istraživanja faune lisnih buva Srbije, u više lokaliteta je na brestu (Ulmus effusa L.) prvi put utvrđeno prisustvo vrste Cacopsylla ulmi Först., što predstavlja novi podatak za faunu naše zemlje. U radu su opisane osnovne morfološke karakteristike vrste i ukazano je na njenu biologiju i simptome oštećenja.

Adults and immatures of Diaphorina teucrii sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Liviidae, Euphyllurinae) and adults of Tamarixia dorchinae sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Tetrastichinae) from Israel are described, diagnosed and illustrated. D. teucrii sp. nov. develops on Teucrium capitatum (Lamiaceae), representing a family which was previously not recorded as a psyllid host from Israel, and is parasitised by Tamarixia dorchinae sp. nov. Identification keys are provided for the Diaphorina and Tamarixia species occurring in Israel.

The small Neotropical genus Mastigimas with five described species is revised. Three new species are added: Mastigimas colombianus sp. n. from Colombia on Cedrela montana, M. drepanodis sp. n. from Brazil (Parana) on C. fissilis and M. reseri sp. n. from Jamaica collected in light traps. Another two species are recorded from Brazil and Colombia, respectively, which are not formally described due to insufficient material. The new species are described, and illustrations and identification keys are provided for all species. The last instar immatures are described for five species. The phylogeny within Mastigimas is analysed, and the biogeographic and host plant relationships are discussed.

Summary A new species of jumping plant louse, Kleiniella tekhen sp. nov. (Family Psyllidae: Tribe Ciriacremini) is described. Scanning electron micrographs illustrate the remarkable metapostnotal papilla of this species, and the distribution of similar structures within the Psylloidea is discussed.

Lauterer P., Bartos R., Milonas P. (2010): First records of the jumping plant-louse Acizzia jamatonica (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psyllidae) in Slovakia and Greece. Plant Protect. Sci., 47: 37–40. The psyllid Acizzia jamatonica (Kuwayama, 1908), an introduced pest of the ornamental tree Albizia julibrissin Durazz., was found for the first time in Slovakia and Greece. In both countries it occurs in large numbers and reduces the aesthetic qualities as well as the health of the host plant.