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1. Hepatic expression of GAA results in enhanced enzyme bioavailability in mice and non-human primates

Author

Helena Costa-Verdera, Fanny Collaud, Christopher R. Riling, Pauline Sellier, Jayme M. L. Nordin, G. Michael Preston, Umut Cagin, Julien Fabregue, Simon Barral, Maryse Moya-Nilges, Jacomina Krijnse-Locker, Laetitia van Wittenberghe, Natalie Daniele, Bernard Gjata, Jeremie Cosette, Catalina Abad, Marcelo Simon-Sola, Severine Charles, Mathew Li, Marco Crosariol, Tom Antrilli, William J. Quinn, David A. Gross, Olivier Boyer, Xavier M. Anguela, Sean M. Armour, Pasqualina Colella, Giuseppe Ronzitti, and Federico Mingozzi

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Pompe disease is currently treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA). Here, the authors show hepatic-directed gene therapy with AAV vectors enhances GAA bioavailability compared with ERT, resulting in improved rescue of the disease phenotype in mice and broad enzyme distribution in mice and non-human primates.

Published
2021
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2. Deep morphological analysis of muscle biopsies from type III glycogenesis (GSDIII), debranching enzyme deficiency, revealed stereotyped vacuolar myopathy and autophagy impairment

Author

Pascal Laforêt, Michio Inoue, Evelyne Goillot, Claire Lefeuvre, Umut Cagin, Nathalie Streichenberger, Sarah Leonard-Louis, Guy Brochier, Angeline Madelaine, Clemence Labasse, Carola Hedberg-Oldfors, Thomas Krag, Louisa Jauze, Julien Fabregue, Philippe Labrune, Jose Milisenda, Aleksandra Nadaj-Pakleza, Sabrina Sacconi, Federico Mingozzi, Giuseppe Ronzitti, François Petit, Benedikt Schoser, Anders Oldfors, John Vissing, Norma B. Romero, Ichizo Nishino, and Edoardo Malfatti

Subjects
Glycogen storage disease III, Muscle glycogenosis, Metabolic myopathies, Myopathology, Autophagy, Autophagic impairment, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract Glycogen storage disorder type III (GSDIII), or debranching enzyme (GDE) deficiency, is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by variable liver, cardiac, and skeletal muscle involvement. GSDIII manifests with liver symptoms in infancy and muscle involvement during early adulthood. Muscle biopsy is mainly performed in patients diagnosed in adulthood, as routine diagnosis relies on blood or liver GDE analysis, followed by AGL gene sequencing. The GSDIII mouse model recapitulate the clinical phenotype in humans, and a nearly full rescue of muscle function was observed in mice treated with the dual AAV vector expressing the GDE transgene. In order to characterize GSDIII muscle morphological spectrum and identify novel disease markers and pathways, we performed a large international multicentric morphological study on 30 muscle biopsies from GSDIII patients. Autophagy flux studies were performed in human muscle biopsies and muscles from GSDIII mice. The human muscle biopsies revealed a typical and constant vacuolar myopathy, characterized by multiple and variably sized vacuoles filled with PAS-positive material. Using electron microscopy, we confirmed the presence of large non-membrane bound sarcoplasmic deposits of normally structured glycogen as well as smaller rounded sac structures lined by a continuous double membrane containing only glycogen, corresponding to autophagosomes. A consistent SQSTM1/p62 decrease and beclin-1 increase in human muscle biopsies suggested an enhanced autophagy. Consistent with this, an increase in the lipidated form of LC3, LC3II was found in patients compared to controls. A decrease in SQSTM1/p62 was also found in the GSDIII mouse model. In conclusion, we characterized the morphological phenotype in GSDIII muscle and demonstrated dysfunctional autophagy in GSDIII human samples. These findings suggest that autophagic modulation combined with gene therapy might be considered as a novel treatment for GSDIII.

Published
2019
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3. Hepatic expression of GAA results in enhanced enzyme bioavailability in mice and non-human primates

Author

Catalina Abad, N. Danièle, Jayme M.L. Nordin, Giuseppe Ronzitti, Bernard Gjata, Helena Costa-Verdera, Simon Barral, Sean M. Armour, Marcelo Simon-Sola, Fanny Collaud, Marco Crosariol, Julien Fabregue, David A. Gross, Mathew Li, Jérémie Cosette, Laetitia van Wittenberghe, Pasqualina Colella, Maryse Moya-Nilges, G. Michael Preston, Christopher Riling, Xavier M. Anguela, Federico Mingozzi, Severine Charles, Pauline Sellier, Tom Antrilli, William J. Quinn, Umut Cagin, Jacomina Krijnse-Locker, Olivier Boyer, Généthon, Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Généthon, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Spark Therapeutics [Philadelphia, PA, USA], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Plateforme BioImagerie Ultrastructurale – Ultrastructural BioImaging Platform (UTechS UBI), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by Genethon and the French Muscular Dystrophy Association,the European Union’s research and innovation program under grant agreement no.667751 (to F.M.), the European Research Council Consolidator Grant under grantagreement no. 617432 (to F.M.), Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Individual Fellowship(MSCA-IF) grant agreement no. 797144 (to U.C.), a grant from the DIM ThérapieGénique (to D.A.G.) and by Spark Therapeutics under a sponsored research agreementto Genethon., ANR-16-CE92-0008,membrane dynamics,Rupture et réparation membranaire : stratégies d'assemblage virale(2016), European Project: 667751,H2020,H2020-PHC-2015-two-stage,MYOCURE(2016), European Project: 617432,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,MOMAAV(2014), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Development of an innovative gene therapy platform to cure rare hereditary muscle disorders - MYOCURE - - H20202016-01-01 - 2019-12-31 - 667751 - VALID, Molecular signatures and Modulation of immunity to Adeno-Associated Virus vectors - MOMAAV - - EC:FP7:ERC2014-07-01 - 2019-06-30 - 617432 - VALID, Thérapie des maladies du muscle strié, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Subjects
Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Genetic enhancement, Science, Metabolic disorders, General Physics and Astronomy, Pharmacology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Virus, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene therapy, Pharmacokinetics, law, Autophagy, Distribution (pharmacology), Medicine, Animals, Enzyme Replacement Therapy, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, Glycogen Storage Disease Type II, nutritional and metabolic diseases, alpha-Glucosidases, General Chemistry, Enzyme replacement therapy, Phenotype, 3. Good health, Enzyme, chemistry, Liver, Recombinant DNA, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Pompe disease (PD) is a severe neuromuscular disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA). PD is currently treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with intravenous infusions of recombinant human GAA (rhGAA). Although the introduction of ERT represents a breakthrough in the management of PD, the approach suffers from several shortcomings. Here, we developed a mouse model of PD to compare the efficacy of hepatic gene transfer with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors expressing secretable GAA with long-term ERT. Liver expression of GAA results in enhanced pharmacokinetics and uptake of the enzyme in peripheral tissues compared to ERT. Combination of gene transfer with pharmacological chaperones boosts GAA bioavailability, resulting in improved rescue of the PD phenotype. Scale-up of hepatic gene transfer to non-human primates also successfully results in enzyme secretion in blood and uptake in key target tissues, supporting the ongoing clinical translation of the approach., Pompe disease is currently treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA). Here, the authors show hepatic-directed gene therapy with AAV vectors enhances GAA bioavailability compared with ERT, resulting in improved rescue of the disease phenotype in mice and broad enzyme distribution in mice and non-human primates.

Published
2021
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4. Distinctive Krebs cycle remodeling in iPSC-derived neural and mesenchymal stem cells

Author

Sarah Benlamara, Pierre Rustin, Laetitia Aubry, Malgorzata Rak, Paule Bénit, Julien Fabregue, Institut de biologie systémique et synthétique (ISSB), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Génopole-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Handicaps génétiques de l'enfant (Inserm U393), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des cellules souches pour le traitement et l'étude des maladies monogéniques (I-STEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), and Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, induced pluripotent stem cells, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Citric Acid Cycle, Biophysics, Respiratory chain, Mitochondrion, Biology, Biochemistry, Models, Biological, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, Neural Stem Cells, Humans, Progenitor cell, Induced pluripotent stem cell, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mesenchymal stem cell, Cell Differentiation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Cell Biology, differentiation, Neural stem cell, Cell biology, Mitochondria, Citric acid cycle, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Krebs cycle
Abstract

International audience; Mitochondria play a vital role in proliferation and differentiation and their remodeling in the course of differentiation is related to the variable energy and metabolic needs of the cell. In this work, we show a distinctive mitochondrial remodeling in human induced pluripotent stem cells differentiated into neural or mesenchymal progenitors. While leading to upregulation of the slow-running segment of the Krebs cycle and increased respiratory chain activities and respiration in the mesenchymal stem cells, the metabolic switch in the neural stem cells resulted in downregulation of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and upregulation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 concomitant with the accumulation of α-ketoglutarate. The distinct, lineagespecific changes indicate an involvement of these Krebs cycle enzymes in cell differentiation.

Published
2019
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5. Deep morphological analysis of muscle biopsies from type III glycogenesis (GSDIII), debranching enzyme deficiency, revealed stereotyped vacuolar myopathy and autophagy impairment

Author

Philippe Labrune, José C. Milisenda, Sarah Leonard-Louis, Thomas Krag, Benedikt Schoser, Louisa Jauze, Aleksandra Nadaj-Pakleza, Giuseppe Ronzitti, Claire Lefeuvre, Guy Brochier, Sabrina Sacconi, Ichizo Nishino, Federico Mingozzi, Carola Hedberg-Oldfors, Michio Inoue, Edoardo Malfatti, François Petit, Evelyne Goillot, Umut Cagin, Nathalie Streichenberger, Clémence Labasse, A. Madelaine, Julien Fabregue, John Vissing, Pascal Laforêt, Anders Oldfors, Norma B. Romero, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Nutrition, diabète et cerveau (NUDICE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Référence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme Hépatique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Centre de référence des maladies rares neuromusculaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon, Université de Bordeaux (UB), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), ANR-17-CE18-0014,TRACeGSDIII,Optimisation translationnelle d'un vecteur AAV pour le traitement de GSDIII(2017), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition, diabète et cerveau, Centre de recherche en myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)

Subjects
Male, Pathology, Biopsy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sarcoplasm, Glycogen storage disease type III, lcsh:RC346-429, Glycogen Storage Disease Type III, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolic myopathies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Glycogen, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Glycogenesis, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Glycogen debranching enzyme, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Autophagy, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Animals, Humans, Glycogen storage disease III, Muscle, Skeletal, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Muscle biopsy, Research, Autophagic impairment, Skeletal muscle, Myopathology, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, Muscle glycogenosis, chemistry, Vacuoles, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Glycogen storage disorder type III (GSDIII), or debranching enzyme (GDE) deficiency, is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by variable liver, cardiac, and skeletal muscle involvement. GSDIII manifests with liver symptoms in infancy and muscle involvement during early adulthood. Muscle biopsy is mainly performed in patients diagnosed in adulthood, as routine diagnosis relies on blood or liver GDE analysis, followed by AGL gene sequencing. The GSDIII mouse model recapitulate the clinical phenotype in humans, and a nearly full rescue of muscle function was observed in mice treated with the dual AAV vector expressing the GDE transgene. In order to characterize GSDIII muscle morphological spectrum and identify novel disease markers and pathways, we performed a large international multicentric morphological study on 30 muscle biopsies from GSDIII patients. Autophagy flux studies were performed in human muscle biopsies and muscles from GSDIII mice. The human muscle biopsies revealed a typical and constant vacuolar myopathy, characterized by multiple and variably sized vacuoles filled with PAS-positive material. Using electron microscopy, we confirmed the presence of large non-membrane bound sarcoplasmic deposits of normally structured glycogen as well as smaller rounded sac structures lined by a continuous double membrane containing only glycogen, corresponding to autophagosomes. A consistent SQSTM1/p62 decrease and beclin-1 increase in human muscle biopsies suggested an enhanced autophagy. Consistent with this, an increase in the lipidated form of LC3, LC3II was found in patients compared to controls. A decrease in SQSTM1/p62 was also found in the GSDIII mouse model. In conclusion, we characterized the morphological phenotype in GSDIII muscle and demonstrated dysfunctional autophagy in GSDIII human samples. These findings suggest that autophagic modulation combined with gene therapy might be considered as a novel treatment for GSDIII.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

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