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1. Comparison and theoretical conceptualization analysis of statistical methods used to develop heat vulnerability indices in urban areas

Author

Thomas Lagelouze, Julia Hidalgo, Mitia Aranda, and Guillaume Dumas

Subjects
Heat vulnerability, Statistical index, Spatial analysis, Results comparison, Urban Heat Island, Toulouse Métropole, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation
Abstract

In view of the impact of extreme temperatures on physical and psychological health, particularly in urban areas, several studies have focused on assessing social vulnerability using quantitative indexing approaches with the aim of creating a heat vulnerability index (HVI). In this context, this study employs three statistical methodologies frequently used to construct HVIs on the territory of the Toulouse Métropole, France, at the census block (IRIS) scale to assess the efficiency of this type of approach for evaluating social vulnerability in urban environments considering the current theoretical conceptualization. The three HVIs show the same general trends, with a spatial configuration in which high levels of vulnerability are concentrated in the downtown and suburbs of the Toulouse municipality. Vulnerability gradually decreases away from the urban core, becoming moderate in the inner suburbs and low on the outskirts. However, a spatial analysis of the clusters reveals variability in the boundaries of the vulnerability hotspots. Value class matching indicates that a significant number of census blocks are classified differently according to the method considered. These results raise questions concerning the ability of HVIs to provide reliable vulnerability assessments, given their geostatistical and conceptual limitations. Indexing approaches therefore appear to contradict current theoretical conceptualizations promoting the concept of vulnerability as being complex and multifactorial. Highlights: • Heat vulnerability indices (HVIs) using three common methodologies are developed. • Numerous census blocks are categorized differently based on the specific HVI used. • Alternative approaches for future vulnerability assessments need to be explored.

Published
2024
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2. Urban heat island intensity maps and local weather types description for a 45 French urban agglomerations dataset obtained from atmopsheric numerical simulations

Author

Melis Suher-Carthy, Thomas Lagelouze, Julia Hidalgo, Robert Schoetter, Najla Touati, Renaud Jougla, and Valery Masson

Subjects
Urban microclimate, Air temperature, Town energy balance, SURFEX, Meso-NH, Urban unit, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

This article presents a dataset of spatial nocturnal Urban Heat Island (UHI) intensities for 45 French urban agglomerations, at a horizontal resolution of 250 m. The urban influence on air temperature at 2 m above ground level was obtained by coupling the mesoscale atmospheric model Meso-NH with the land surface model SURFEX-TEB. For each agglomeration, two specific local weather situations that favour the development of a strong UHI in summer are simulated and described in a specfic sheet. Simulation outputs have been postprocessed to 1) identify the time of day when the UHI is the most developed, 2) to merge information from both meteorological situations in order to obtain one synthetic UHI map and 3) a geographical analysis that allows to classify each city among five spatial UHI classes (Concentrated Very High Intensity; Concentrated High Intensity; Limited Intensity; Dispersed High Intensity; and Dispersed Cool Zones). This dataset can therefore be used for several purposes, from the analysis at the scale of a city to the comparison of the urban agglomerations among them.

Published
2023
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3. Mining the Web of Science for African cities and climate change (1991–2021)

Author

Zohra Mhedhbi, Pierre Mazzega, Méhéret Gaston, Sinda Haouès-Jouve, and Julia Hidalgo

Subjects
climate change, African cities, text mining (TM), Web of Science (WOS), socio-ecological issues, climate services, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

This study provides a synthetic overview of thirty years of research devoted to urban climate change in Africa. Which cities in Africa are being researched on the impacts of climate change affecting them? What are the main social and urban issues and how are they linked? Is the development of climate services envisaged for these cities? Related to which local issues? Some answers are drawn by text mining the metadata of more than a thousand articles published in the 1991–2021 period and recorded in the Web of Science. The evidences produced are based on the design and exploitation of a taxonomy of keywords forming a set of issues and on their articulation in a network based on their co-occurrences in the articles' metadata. Forty-eight African countries and 134 cities are cited, Cairo, Dar es Salaam, Cape Town, Accra, Lagos, Durban, Nairobi, Addis Ababa, Kampala and Johannesburg being the cities deferring the largest number of studies. The salient urban climate change issues-health, water, energy, social issues and governance, followed by agriculture and food, mitigation, heat, urban territories, risks and hazards-are generally addressed in their interdependences. Urbanization and the implementation of associated policies, as well as the management of water resources, floods health and energy, and land use and land cover changes to a less extent, are proving to be the most pressing challenges. In view of the intricacy of these issues, climate services appear underdeveloped in African cities and barely confined to the acquisition and modeling of environmental data for decision-making in adaptation planning.

Published
2023
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4. Mapping the urban climate to address summer comfort management in French urban planning documents

Author

Julia Hidalgo, Najla Touati, Sinda Haouès-Jouve, Laurent Jegou, Geneviève Bretagne, Erwan Bocher, Valéry Masson, Arnaud Mayis, Renaud Jougla, Gwendall Petit, and Robert Schoetter

Subjects
urban heat island, applied cartography, territorial planning, climate visualization, urban climatic maps, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

In France, the integration of climate and energy issues in the spatial planning tools of local authorities is compulsory for cities with more than 20000 inhabitants. Through the example of Toulouse Metropole, the interdisciplinary work here presented make use of the available geographic and climatic data to perform spatial microclimatic diagnostics and its translation into recommendations to address thermal summer comfort. Analysis maps and strategic maps for daytime and night time are presented for thermal and aeraulic analysis taking advantage of available numerical simulations at 250x250 m, one year of duration and local weather type classifications. A three years long collaboration with the local authority and the urban agency allowed the co-construction of the cartographic protocol and the publication of an Atlas as well as a set of guidelines. Collaboration with a network of French cartographers allowed original propositions on graphic semiology as visual organization, the choice of urban and geographical information to be combined with the climatic information or a proposition of a new UTCI colorimetric spectrum.

Published
2023
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5. Potential of Synthetizing Climatopes and Local Climate Zones for Urban Climatic Planning Recommendations: A Case Study in Toulouse, France

Author

Shi Yin, Chao Ren, Xuyi Zhang, Julia Hidalgo, Robert Schoetter, Yu Ting Kwok, and Kevin Ka-Lun Lau

Subjects
mapping, climate, urban environment, sustainable urban planning, climate visualization, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

The urban climatic map (UCMap) is an urban climate information tool for planning purpose commonly used in German-speaking countries while local climate zone (LCZ) scheme is developed to link the characteristics urban climate and urban morphology at the city level world widely. These two frameworks differ with each other on the aspect of data sources, classification standards, and planning implementation. This study explores the potential of integrating these two complementary frameworks to identify problematic hot spots and propose some generic urban planning recommendations according to current urban climate standards. To address this issue, the Toulouse Metropole area is taken as a case study; a hybrid Climatope-LCZ map is derived by synthetizing the classification of climatopes, based on the German standard (VDI 3787-Part 1), and LCZs at equivalent spatial positions. Furthermore, the simulated meteorological data about wind and thermal environments of Toulouse Metropole during typical summer season are introduced as evidence for analyzing the mutual benefits on urban climate study and application. According to the results, both the heterogeneous urban geometric characteristics and urban climatic issues within a climatope are well identified spatially by the corresponding composition of LCZ. Likewise, the differences of thermal stress between climatopes but in the same LCZ are also clearly illustrated. Lastly, a list of urban climatic planning recommendations for LCZs is proposed followed by the guidelines in VDI 3787-Part 1. This study proves that hybrid Climatope-LCZ map offers more detailed urban climate information to planners or decision-makers than classic urban climate map framework.

Published
2022
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6. Proposals for the use of graphical models in urban climatic maps

Author

Laurent Jegou, Najla Touati, and Julia Hidalgo

Subjects
climate, map, urban planning, chorematic, climate visualization, graphical modeling, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

We suggest applying the chorematic methodology to the processes and issues addressed by the urban climatic mapping framework, i.e., the interdisciplinary discussion and analysis of thematic data, the production of analytic maps, and the creation of recommendation maps to advise urban planners. After introducing the method, its theoretical basis, and its process, we discuss its fitness and present the possibility of its application in this thematic context. We then suggest a first series of applications, for diurnal heat stress and nocturnal urban heat island analysis, as an example and basis for further discussions, based on recent work in the Toulouse agglomeration. We also offer graphical models to express recommendations concerning urban climate issues in Toulouse. The process used the choremes table expanded with dynamic models, according to the multi-step method proposed by H. Théry (1988). The produced models are now entering a test phase to discuss the method with urban planners.

Published
2022
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7. Tool adjustments to support climate adaptation in urban planning for southern cities: The case of Greater Tunis, Tunisia

Author

Zohra Mhedhbi, Julia Hidalgo, Cécile de Munck, Sinda Haouès-Jouve, Najla Touati, and Valéry Masson

Subjects
urban planning, climate change, thermal comfort, map analysis, climatic visualization, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

Urban microclimate studies could help manage heatwave crises and improve climate friendly urban planning. This paper presents adjustments to tools and approaches, in particular the Urban Climate Maps framework, typically produced in industrialized countries for contexts relevant to developing countries, where accurate urban data are often not available. In this study, relevant urban, architectural and land use data were collected and constructed to enable numerical simulations of a heat wave episode in the Greater Metropolitan area of Tunis. The simulation results indicate that the diurnal heat stress reached very high values corresponding to an extreme heat stress level, according to the Urban Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) scale, by 9 a.m. local time. The highest sea-breeze speeds were over the sea (∼8 m s−1). However, the effect of the sea breeze was low over densely urbanized areas (

Published
2022
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8. Osimertinib in advanced EGFR-T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer patients treated within the Special Use Medication Program in Spain: OSIREX-Spanish Lung Cancer Group

Author

Mariano Provencio, Josefa Terrasa, Pilar Garrido, Rosario García Campelo, Francisco Aparisi, Pilar Diz, David Aguiar, Carlos García-Giron, Julia Hidalgo, Carlos Aguado, Jorge García González, Emilio Esteban, Lorenzo Gómez-Aldavarí, Teresa Moran, Oscar Juan, Luís Enrique Chara, Juan L. Marti, Rafael López Castro, Ana Laura Ortega, Elia Martínez Moreno, Juan Coves, Ana M. Sánchez Peña, Joaquim Bosch-Barrera, Amparo Sánchez Gastaldo, Natalia Fernández Núñez, Edel del Barco, Manuel Cobo, Dolores Isla, Margarita Majem, Fátima Navarro, and Virginia Calvo

Subjects
Osimertinib, Real-world data, EGFR-activating mutations, T790M EGFR mutation, Second line, Non-small cell lung cancer, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background AURA study reported 61% objective response rate and progression-free survival of 9.6 months with osimertinib in patients with EGFR/T790M+ non-small cell lung cancer. Due to lack of real-world data, we proposed this study to describe the experience with osimertinib in Spain. Methods Post-authorization, non-interventional Special Use Medication Program, multicenter, retrospective study in advanced EGFR/T790M+ non-small cell lung cancer. One hundred-fifty five patients were enrolled (August 2016–December 2018) from 30 sites. Primary objective: progression-free survival. Secondary objectives: toxicity profile, objective response rate, and use of health service resources. Results 70% women, median age 66. 63.9% were non-smokers and 99% had adenocarcinoma. Most patients had received at least one prior treatment (97%), 91.7% had received previous EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors and 2.8% osimertinib as first-line treatment. At data cutoff, median follow-up was 11.8 months. One hundred-fifty five patients were evaluable for response, 1.3% complete response, 40.6% partial response, 31% stable disease and 11.6% disease progression. Objective response rate was 42%. Median progression-free survival was 9.4 months. Of the 155 patients who received treatment, 76 (49%) did not reported any adverse event, 51% presented some adverse event, most of which were grade 1 or 2. The resource cost study indicates early use is warranted. Conclusion This study to assess the real-world clinical impact of osimertinib showed high drug activity in pretreated advanced EGFR/T790M+ non-small cell lung cancer, with manageable adverse events. Trial registration Clinical trial registration number: NCT03790397 .

Published
2021
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9. Co-construction of climate services based on a weather stations network: Application in Toulouse agglomeration local authority

Author

Guillaume Dumas, Valéry Masson, Julia Hidalgo, Valérie Edouart, Aurélie Hanna, and Guillaume Poujol

Subjects
Co-construction, Local authority, Climate services components, User-driven sciences, Internet of things, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

This article provides insights into the development of climate services in Toulouse, France, based on an automated weather station network for microclimatic applications, such as urban heat island monitoring. Climate services are often thought of as a unique and complete entity that can be built by providers/sellers for users/buyers using different methods and degrees of involvement and participation. In this paper, the the local authority and its technical departments, helped by the national meteorological agency and researchers, were in charge of both providing and using the climate services. Each component, from network deployment to data production and their operational application, was directed by the local authority. Providers, users, products, and solutions were built from the ground up and developed over the last 5 years using the methodology of action research. This article discusses the possibility of understanding climate services by decomposing them into smaller components organized according to the disciplines, abilities, and challenges of each component to easily identify which actors in the local authority administrative organization can most effectively address them. Each component of the climate services based on a weather station network is discussed. This paper also describes how the governance and organization of climate services are built using action research. Co-construction processes with multiple actors encompassing multi-component projects, such as climate services, mobilize multiple disciplinary fields and require project management and organization. This article shows how the different components of the climate services in Toulouse have been integrated into different urban departments taking into consideration their competencies and their associated disciplinary fields with the goal of providing reproducible methods than can be applied elsewhere. The results indicate the real interest of urban departments in climate services. Some departments assumed responsibility for entire parts of the climate services. Their involvement reveals the complexity of truly integrating climate services as a transdisciplinary department into a public structure, in this case, the local authority. Managing the involvement and participation of all the stakeholders of the climate services implies organizing them using a governing body, even if they belong to the same organization or structure.

Published
2021
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10. Differences in circulating γδ T cells in patients with primary colon cancer and relation with prognostic factors.

Author

Juan Carlos Andreu-Ballester, Lorena Galindo-Regal, Julia Hidalgo-Coloma, Carmen Cuéllar, Carlos García-Ballesteros, Carolina Hurtado, Natalia Uribe, María Del Carmen Martín, Ana Isabel Jiménez, Francisca López-Chuliá, and Antonio Llombart-Cussac

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Downregulation of the T cell system has been proposed as a mechanism to block immunity in colonic cancer (CC). However, little has been studied about circulating αβ and γδ T cells and their immunological status in newly diagnosed patients. The aim of this study was to characterize the αβ and γδ T cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients with CC matched with healthy volunteers. In this prospective case-control study, blood samples were obtained from 96 patients with newly diagnosed treatment-naïve infiltrating colonic adenocarcinoma and 48 healthy volunteers. Pathological report at surgery was obtained from all CC patients. A significant decrease in CD3+ γδ T cells and CD3+CD8+ γδ T cells (p

Published
2020
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11. On the use of local weather types classification to improve climate understanding: An application on the urban climate of Toulouse.

Author

Julia Hidalgo and Renaud Jougla

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

This paper proposes a method based on a local weather type classification approach to facilitate analysis and communication of climate information in local climate studies. Presented herein is an application to urban climatology in Toulouse, France, but the method can be used in other applied fields of climatology as well. To describe the climatic context of this urbanized area, the local weather types that explain the plurality of weather situations Toulouse faces are presented in depth. In order to show the potential for use of this approach, this information is applied to the study of changes in local weather types in terms of frequency and intensity within a series of future climate projections, a classic urban canopy and a series of atmospheric boundary layer analyses, and as a support for communication aimed to initiate urban climate awareness in urban planning practices. The proposed classification method has been coded in an R script and is provided as a supporting information file. The paper concludes that a systematic pre-study using this kind of climatic analysis is a good practice for performing climatic contextualization in local scale applied studies, both for scientific analysis and communication.

Published
2018
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16. How well does the local climate zone scheme discern the thermal environment of Toulouse (France)? An analysis using numerical simulation data

Author

Yu Ting Kwok, Chao Ren, Grégoire Pigeon, Kevin Ka-Lun Lau, Julia Hidalgo, Valéry Masson, and Robert Schoetter

Subjects
Scheme (programming language), Atmospheric Science, Computer simulation, Local climate zone, Climatology, Thermal, Environmental science, computer, Heat stress, computer.programming_language
Published
2019
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17. Climat urbain : agenda et perspectives d’un risque climatique

Author

Julia Hidalgo

Abstract

L’urbanisation de la planète à l’heure de l’anthropocène a mis sur le devant de la scène la problématique du climat urbain. Depuis quelques décennies, cette question prend de l’ampleur. La recherche comme l’action se structurent. Des obstacles persistent, néanmoins, que des perspectives de recherche et de gestion invitent à dépasser, notamment en articulant savoirs climatiques et urbanistiques.

Published
2021
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18. Green

Author

Bruno Mattos de Melo, Júlia Hidalgo Oliveira Melo, Bruno Mattos de Melo, and Júlia Hidalgo Oliveira Melo

Abstract

Júlia é uma jovem veterinária e se mudou para o Chile para estudar espécies capazes de sobreviver em regiões desérticas. No ano de 2041, os sinais de que o mundo caminha para um futuro indesejado são ainda mais evidentes e ela sente que precisa fazer algo. Certo dia, quando estava mergulhada em buscas por alternativas, uma visita inesperada chega à clínica dela. Um homem que alega ser um astronauta e estar retornando da primeira viagem tripulada a Marte entra no local procurando alguém que possa ajudá-lo com algo que encontrou na carga que trouxe. Uma longa jornada que os levará a transitar entre as reflexões do deserto e o ápice da tecnologia está prestes a começar. Todas as convicções de Júlia serão colocadas à prova, e os planos dela deverão ser revistos. A solução do problema só poderá ser encontrada se Júlia alcançar o domínio sobre os próprios impulsos, abrir os ouvidos à sabedoria da cooperação e aprender a trabalhar em equipe. Uma grande viagem, para fora e para dentro, está prestes a começar!

Published
2023

19. Cahier Régional Occitanie sur les Changements Climatiques

Author

Sylvain Barone, Julie Fabre, Julia Hidalgo, Melia, David Salas Y., Guillaume Simonet, NICOL, Clotilde, Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo-France, Région Occitanie, ADEME, LabEx AGRO 2011-LABX-002, and Réseau d’expertise sur les changements climatiques en Occitanie (RECO)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

Ce cahier régional complète l’état des lieux scientifique sur les changements climatiques du sud de la France, de l’Atlantique à la frontière italienne. C’est donc avec un décloisonnement régional qu’il doit se parcourir puisque complémentaire aux deux rapports régionaux de nos voisins, notamment pour les enjeux communs tels que ceux liés au littoral méditerranéen, aux Pyrénées ou à l’eau, compte tenu des bassins versants partagés.

Published
2021

20. Cross-analysis for the assessment of urban environmental quality: An interdisciplinary and participative approach

Author

Sinda, Haouès-Jouve, primary, Aude, Lemonsu, additional, Benoit, Gauvrau, additional, Alexandre, Amossé, additional, Arnaud, Can, additional, Bertrand, Carrissimo, additional, Noémie, Gaudio, additional, Julia, Hidalgo, additional, Claudia, Lopez-Rieu, additional, Delphine, Chouillou, additional, Isabelle, Richard, additional, Luc, Adolphe, additional, Isabelle, Berry-Chikhaoui, additional, Julien, Bouyer, additional, Samuel, Challéat, additional, Cécile, De Munck, additional, Elisabeth, Dorier, additional, Gwenael, Guillaume, additional, Sophie, Hooneart, additional, Julien, Le Bras, additional, Dominique, Legain, additional, Jean-Pierre, Levy, additional, Valéry, Masson, additional, Solène, Marry, additional, Danny, Nguyen-Luong, additional, Juan-Carlos, Rojas-Arias, additional, and Gao, Zhenlan, additional

Published
2021
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21. Gender influence on work satisfaction and leadership for medical oncologists: a survey of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM)

Author

A. González del Alba, Elena Elez, Julia Hidalgo, E. González Flores, E. Felip, Pilar Garrido, R. Garcia Campelo, Ana Santaballa, Dolores Isla, Ruth Vera, J. García Donás, G. Villacampa, Margarita Majem, F. Ayala, Á. Rodríguez Lescure, R. García Carbonero, M.J. Safont, Institut Català de la Salut, [Elez E, Villacampa G] Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain. [Ayala F] Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain. [Felip E] Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. [García Campelo R] Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, A Coruña, Spain. [García Carbonero R] Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. [García Donás J] Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal (CIOCC), Madrid, Spain, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus

Subjects
Oncology, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Oncologia, personas::mujeres [DENOMINACIONES DE GRUPOS], España, education, Sexism, Dones, Context (language use), Medical Oncology, Job Satisfaction, profesiones sanitarias::medicina::medicina interna::oncología médica [DISCIPLINAS Y OCUPACIONES], fluids and secretions, Internal medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Igualtat entre els sexes - Espanya, parasitic diseases, Population Studies in Public Health::Gender Studies::Gender Analysis [PUBLIC HEALTH], medicine, gender, Humans, Estudios Poblacionales en Salud Pública::estudios de género::análisis de género [SALUD PÚBLICA], survey, Child, Health Occupations::Medicine::Internal Medicine::Medical Oncology [DISCIPLINES AND OCCUPATIONS], Original Research, Oncologists, Gender equality, Spain, gender, oncology, survey, women, business.industry, Professional development, Leadership, Incentive, Clinical research, Persons::Women [NAMED GROUPS], Spain, Workforce, oncology, Professional association, Job satisfaction, Female, women, business
Abstract

Background Women represent an increasing proportion of the oncology workforce; however, globally this does not translate into leadership roles, reflecting disparities in career opportunities between men and women. The Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) undertook a survey to investigate gender disparity in the Spanish oncology context. Design An online survey was made available to SEOM medical oncologists between February and May 2019. It included demographics, professional context and achievements, parenthood and family conciliation issues, workplace gender bias, and approaches to address disparities. Results Of the 316 eligible respondents, 71.5% were women, 59.5% were aged 45 or younger, and 66.1% had children. Among women, 12.4% were division or unit heads, compared with 45.5% of men, with most women (74.3%) being attending medical oncologists, compared with 45.5% of men. More males were professors (34.4% versus 14.2% of females), had a PhD (46.7% versus 28.8%), and/or had led clinical research groups (41.1% versus 9.7%). Spending time overseas after completing a residency was also more common for men than women (34.4% versus 20.4%). Professional satisfaction was similar between genders, driven primarily by patient care and intellectual stimulation. More women (40.7%) considered parenthood to have a strong negative impact on their career, compared with men (9.0%). Main perceived barriers to gender equality included a lack of work–life balance (72.6% women, 44.4% men), bias of peers and superiors (50.0% women, 18.9% men), and different career goals (41.2% women, 24.4% men). Preferred solutions included educational programs and scholarships (52.9%), communication and leadership training (35.8%), childcare at conferences (33.2%), and postmaternity return-to-work incentives (32.0%). Conclusion There is a clear paucity of equal opportunities for female oncologists in Spain. This can be addressed by encouraging professional development and merit recognition particularly for younger female oncologists, and empowering women to be involved in management and leadership of institutions and professional societies., Highlights • Under-representation of women in leadership roles in oncology is a widely acknowledged issue receiving global attention. • This study is a national description of leadership and educational opportunities in terms of gender and family circumstances. • Perceptions of gender bias in the workplace gender inequality or family conciliation issues and are described. • Initiatives for equal opportunities in oncology are needed supporting female academic career development and recognition.

Published
2020

22. Urban Climates and Climate Change

Author

Valéry Masson, Julia Hidalgo, Aude Lemonsu, James A. Voogt, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate change, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Extreme weather, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Climatology, Urban climate, 11. Sustainability, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Urban heat island, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Cities are particularly vulnerable to extreme weather episodes, which are expected to increase with climate change. Cities also influence their own local climate, for example, through the relative warming known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This review discusses urban climate features (even in complex terrain) and processes. We then present state-of-the-art methodologies on the generalization of a common urban neighborhood classification for UHI studies, as well as recent developments in observation systems and crowdsourcing approaches. We discuss new modeling paradigms pertinent to climate impact studies, with a focus on building energetics and urban vegetation. In combination with regional climate modeling, new methods benefit the variety of climate scenarios and models to provide pertinent information at urban scale. Finally, this article presents how recent research in urban climatology contributes to the global agenda on cities and climate change.

Published
2020
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23. Osimertinib in Advanced EGFR-T790M Mutation-positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated Within the Special Use Medication Program in Spain. OSIREX-spanish Lung Cancer Group

Author

Mariano Provencio, Josefa Terrasa, Pilar Garrido, Rosario García Campelo, Francisco Aparisi, Pilar Diz, David Aguiar, Carlos García-Giron, Julia Hidalgo, Carlos Aguado, Jorge Jose García González, Emilio Esteban, Lorenzo Gómez-Aldavarí, Teresa Moran, Oscar Juan, Luís Enrique Chara, Juan Luis Marti, Rafael López Castro, Ana Laura Ortega, Elia Martínez Moreno, Juan Coves, Ana M. Sánchez Peña, Joaquim Bosch-Barrera, Amparo Sánchez Gastaldo, Natalia Fernández Núñez, Edel del Barco, Manuel Cobo, Dolores Isla, Margarita Majem, Fátima Navarro, and Virginia Calvo

Subjects
genetic structures
Abstract

Background: AURA study reported 61% objective response rate and progression-free survival of 9.6 months with osimertinib in patients with EGFR/T790M+ non-small cell lung cancer. Due to lack of real-world data, we proposed this study to describe the experience with osimertinib in Spain.Methods: Post-authorization, non-interventional Special Use Medication Program, multicenter, retrospective study in advanced EGFR/T790M+ non-small cell lung cancer. 155 patients were enrolled (August 2016-December 2018) from 30 sites. Primary objective: progression-free survival. Secondary objectives: toxicity profile, objective response rate, and use of health service resources.Results: 70% women, median age 66. 63.9% were non-smokers and 99% had adenocarcinoma. Most had received at least one prior treatment (97%), 91.7% had received previous EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors and 2.8% osimertinib as first-line treatment. At data cutoff, median follow-up was 11.8 months. 155 patients were evaluable for response, 1.3% complete response, 40.7% partial response, 31% stable disease and 11.6% progressive disease. Objective response rate was 42%. Median progression-free survival was 9.4 months. 49% reported an adverse event, the majority of which (78%) were grade 1 or 2. The resource cost study indicates early use is warranted. Conclusion: This study to assess the real-world clinical impact of osimertinib showed high drug activity in pretreated advanced EGFR/T790M+ non-small cell lung cancer, with manageable adverse events.Clinical trial registration number: NCT03790397

Published
2020
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24. Statistical prediction of the nocturnal urban heat island intensity based on urban morphology and geographical factors - An investigation based on numerical model results for a large ensemble of French cities

Author

Nathalie Long, Thomas Gardes, Valéry Masson, Robert Schoetter, Eva Marquès, Julia Hidalgo, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Urban agglomeration, Population, Urban morphology, Context (language use), Atmospheric model, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 13. Climate action, Urban planning, Climatology, Urbanization, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Urban heat island, education, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Taking into account meteorological data in urban planning increases in relevance in the context of changing climate and enhanced urbanisation. The present article focusses on the nocturnal urban heat island intensity (UHII) simulated with a physically based atmospheric model for >200,000 Reference Spatial Units (RSU), which correspond to building patches delimited by roads or water bodies in 42 French urban agglomerations. First are investigated the statistical relationships between the UHII and six predictors: Local Climate Zone, distance to the agglomeration centre, population, distance to the coast, climatic region, and elevation differences. It is found that the maximum UHII of an agglomeration increases proportional to the logarithm of its population, decreases for cities closer than 10 km to the coast, and is shaped by the regional climate. Secondly, a Random Forest model and a regression-based model are developed to predict the UHII based on the predictors. The advantage of the regression-based model is that it is easier to understand than the black box Random Forest model. The Random Forest model is able to predict the UHII with

Published
2020
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25. A statistical-dynamical downscaling for the urban heat island and building energy consumption - Analysis of Its uncertainties

Author

Renaud Jougla, Robert Schoetter, Valéry Masson, Julien Pergaud, Mario Rega, Julia Hidalgo, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-13-VBDU-0004,MApUCE,Modélisation Appliquée et droit de l'Urbanisme : Climat urbain et Énergie(2013), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Consumption (economics), Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Building energy, Context (language use), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Climate change mitigation, 13. Climate action, Urban planning, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, 11. Sustainability, Environmental science, Urban heat island, business, Adaptation (computer science), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Downscaling
Abstract

High-resolution maps of the urban heat island (UHI) and building energy consumption are relevant for urban planning in the context of climate change mitigation and adaptation. A statistical–dynamical downscaling for these parameters is proposed in the present study. It combines a statistical local weather type approach with dynamical simulations using the mesoscale atmospheric model Meso-NH coupled to the urban canopy model Town Energy Balance. The downscaling is subject to uncertainties related to the weather type approach (statistical uncertainty) and to the numerical models (dynamical uncertainty). These uncertainties are quantified for two French cities (Toulouse and Dijon) for which long-term dense high-quality observations are available. The seasonal average nocturnal UHI intensity is simulated with less than 0.2 K bias for Dijon, but it is overestimated by up to 0.8 K for Toulouse. The sensitivity of the UHI intensity to weather type is, on average, captured by Meso-NH. The statistical uncertainty is as large as the dynamical uncertainty if only one day is simulated for each weather type. It can be considerably reduced if 3–6 days are taken instead. The UHI reduces the building energy consumption by 10% in the center of Toulouse; it should therefore be taken into account in the production of building energy consumption maps.

Published
2020
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26. Between progress and obstacles in urban climate interdisciplinary studies and knowledge transfer to society

Author

Aude Lemonsu, Julia Hidalgo, and Valéry Masson

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Conceptualization, 9. Industry and infrastructure, Urban climatology, General Neuroscience, Climate change, 15. Life on land, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Geography, History and Philosophy of Science, 13. Climate action, Multidisciplinary approach, Urban planning, Urbanization, Urban climate, 11. Sustainability, Knowledge transfer, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Cities modify their local climate and at the same time they suffer from the local impacts of climate change. This paper comments on progress and obstacles in three active research topics that contribute to increasing the capacity of 15 knowledge transfer to society within the urban climate research community. The first is linked to the production of urban surface description useful for urban climate studies. The conceptualization of 'Local Climate Zones' is now widely used to represent urban climate variability at the neighborhood scale. Land-use, morphological, architectural, and social data are also needed and those are being gathered using different approaches. The second is linked to the necessity of producing information directly connected to the effects on society. This requires a strong multidisciplinary 20 approach and nowadays, impact studies are not limited to one dimension but instead cover multiple dimensions. Finally, the third is to transfer all this information to city practitioners, so that urban climate features are considered, among many other aspects, in city management. For urban planning, the introduction of cartographic tools encompasses urban climate diagnosis as well as recommendations for future urbanization. 25

Published
2018
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27. Influence of milling on structural and microstructural properties of cerium oxide: Consequence of the surface activation on the dissolution kinetics in nitric acid

Author

Hanako Okuno, Thibaud Delahaye, Pascal Roussel, Gilles Leturcq, Julia Hidalgo, and Jean-Luc Rouvière

Subjects
Cerium oxide, Metals and Alloys, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Activation energy, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cerium, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Leaching (chemistry), Specific surface area, Materials Chemistry, Crystallite, 0210 nano-technology, Dissolution
Abstract

Ceria (CeO2) is known as a refractory oxide for dissolution in nitric acid, since the leaching reaction is thermodynamically unfavorable, except when it is complexed by nitrates but with very slow kinetics. To enhance dissolution, surface activation was achieved using high-energy milling. With the mechanically-activated cerium oxide, leaching in nitric acid reached 36%. The mechanical activation of the solid caused structural and microstructural changes (particle size, specific surface area, crystallite size, lattice strain, defects…). After one hour, the cleavage induced by energetic milling generated two populations: nanoparticles and grains containing defects like dislocations. Beside crystallite size and micro-strain evaluation using X-ray diffraction, cerium oxidation state was measured by Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) analyses while linear defects were pictured by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) observations. On one hand, it was found that the nanoparticles formed during milling process greatly enhance the dissolution reaction by the creation of Ce3+ thin layers of a few nanometer depth on their surfaces. On the other hand, it is shown that dislocations represent another way to increase the kinetics by activation energy. In conclusion, dissolution rate's growth can be due to different parameters like the leaching of the smallest particles, the presence of reduced oxidation state on nanoparticles and some highly reactive sites concentrating structural defects such as dislocation nodes. Finally, as ceria is also well known to be a safe analogue of PuO2, especially for dissolution studies, a solution for improving the dissolution of ceria would probably also be useful for dissolving the oxides rich in Pu.

Published
2022
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28. L’adaptació fonològica de manlleus plans i aguts amb concurrència de vocals mitjanes en el català de Barcelona. Estat de la qüestió i anàlisi experimental

Author

Clàudia Pons Moll, Xevi Pujol i Molist, Ton Artigas Comaposada, Joan Borràs-Comes, Marta Busquets de Jover, Julià Hidalgo Plans, and Carla Molas Bolaño

Subjects
fonologia, manlleus, vocals mitjanes tòniques i àtones, nativització, fonologia experimental, variació lingüística, Language and Literature, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, Social Sciences, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract

L’objectiu d’aquest estudi és descriure i analitzar les realitzacions dels manlleus en què concorren una vocal mitjana tònica i una vocal mitjana àtona en la varietat del català central parlada a l’àrea de Barcelona. Amb aquesta finalitat, s’ha dut a terme un experiment de producció i un experiment de judicis de naturalitat amb vint parlants de l’àrea de Barcelona, deu dones i deu homes d’entre 30 i 46 anys. Els participants han hagut de pronunciar — a partir d’estímuls visuals— un conjunt de noranta-tres manlleus plans i aguts amb concurrència de vocals mitjanes tòniques i àtones, i han hagut de valorar — a partir d’estímuls sonors acompanyats d’imatge— la naturalitat dels diferents patrons de realització vocàlica possibles per a cadascun dels noranta-tres manlleus enquestats (390 estímuls en total, tenint en compte que la majoria de manlleus considerats admeten quatre patrons possibles i que una minoria n’admeten més de quatre). Els resultats, fruit d’una anàlisi estadística que combina variables estructurals i socials, demostren que la solució més freqüent és la manca de reducció vocàlica combinada amb la manca d’obertura de la vocal mitjana tònica (no nativització), mentre que la resta de solucions possibles, l’aplicació de tots dos processos (nativització), o l’aplicació de només un dels processos implicats (nativitzacions parcials), són més aviat marginals i la seva ocurrència està subjecta a variables com ara el caràcter oxíton o paroxíton del manlleu, la coincidència o discrepància de timbre de les vocals en el marc del mateix manlleu, i el caràcter anterior o posterior de les vocals tòniques i àtones. L’estudi també considera variables socials, com ara el sexe, i mostra que els patrons innovadors, no presents en el lèxic natiu del català, són més freqüents en les produccions de les dones que no pas en les dels homes.

Published
2024

29. City-descriptive input data for urban climate models: Model requirements, data sources and challenges

Author

Wieke Heldens, Yu Ting Kwok, Aude Lemonsu, Gwendall Petit, Cornelia Burmeister, Valéry Masson, Marion Bonhomme, Björn Maronga, Linda See, Robert Schoetter, Farah Kanani-Sühring, Julia Hidalgo, Dirk Pavlik, Cécile de Munck, Julian Zeidler, Jean-Pierre Lévy, Nathalie Tornay, Thomas Esch, Athanasios Votsis, Erwan Bocher, Bénédicte Bucher, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum / German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (DLR), Lab-STICC_CNRS_CID_DECIDE, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité des constructions (LMDC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Leibniz University Hannover, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Ecosystems Services and Management, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria, Laboratoire de recherche en architecture (LRA), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Conception Objet et Généralisation de l'Information Topographique (COGIT), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Lab-STICC_UBS_CID_DECIDE, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Modèles et simulation pour l'architecture, l'urbanisme et le paysage (MAP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-EC ARCHIT NANCY-EC ARCHIT TOULOUSE-EC ARCHIT MARSEILLE-EC ARCHIT LYON-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cartographie et Géomatique (COGIT), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Geographic information system, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Population, Urban studies, Land cover, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Building design, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, 01 natural sciences, Urban climate, urban climate, 11. Sustainability, Urban heat island, Dynamik der Landoberfläche, education, Spatial analysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, model requirements, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, education.field_of_study, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], business.industry, Environmental resource management, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Urban Studies, Geography, 13. Climate action, business
Abstract

International audience; Cities are particularly vulnerable to meteorological hazards because of the concentration of population, goods, capital stock and infrastructure. Urban climate services require multi-disciplinary and multi-sectorial approaches and new paradigms in urban climate modelling. This paper classifies the required urban input data for both mesoscale state-of-the-art Urban Canopy Models (UCMs) and microscale Obstacle Resolving Models (ORM) into five categories and reviews the ways in which they can be obtained. The first two categories are (1) land cover, and (2) building morphology. These govern the main interactions between the city and the urban climate and the Urban Heat Island. Interdependence between morphological parameters and UCM geometric hypotheses are discussed. Building height, plan and wall area densities are recommended as the main input variables for UCMs, whereas ORMs require 3D building data. Recently, three other categories of urban data became relevant for finer urban studies and adaptation to climate change: (3) building design and architecture, (4) building use, anthropogenic heat and socio-economic data, and (5) urban vegetation data. Several methods for acquiring spatial information are reviewed, including remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS) processing from administrative cadasters, expert knowledge and crowdsourcing. Data availability, data harmonization, costs/efficiency trade-offs and future challenges are then discussed.

Published
2020
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30. Produire et socialiser la connaissance : la visualisation des données au CIEU

Author

Najla Touati, Yann Philippe Tastevin, Julia Hidalgo, and Laurent Jégou

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Ce texte represente une synthese illustree de la session «Produire et socialiser la connaissance: la visualisation des donnees au CIEU» qui s’est deroulee en novembre 2018 dans le cadre du colloque «La ville vue du CIEU», a l’occasion des 50 ans de cette equipe de recherche. L’equipe a fait preuve, tout au long de son histoire, d’un lien particulier avec la representation graphique, sous diverses formes, mais surtout selon des modalites, des usages et en reflet d’enjeux qui sont au cœur de son positionnement et de son activite scientifique. Nous pouvons desormais affirmer que, malgre son role longtemps reserve (ou percu comme tel) a celui de l’illustration des resultats de recherche, realisee par des techniciens specialises, la visualisation de donnees a profondement evolue pour faire partie integrante des methodes de recherche, voire, dans certains cas, devenir un objet de recherche a part entiere.Aujourd’hui, c’est aussi le lieu d’enjeux centraux pour le fonctionnement et le dynamisme des recherches de l’equipe.

Published
2020
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31. Collection of refined architectural parameters by crowdsourcing using Facebook social network: Case of Greater Tunis

Author

Zohra Mhedhbi, Sinda Haouès-Jouve, Julia Hidalgo, Valéry Masson, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Architectural engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Social network, business.industry, Computer science, Geography, Planning and Development, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Crowdsourcing, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Urban Studies, 13. Climate action, Urban planning, Urban climate, 11. Sustainability, Social media, Urban heat island, business, Protocol (object-oriented programming), Dry climate, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The urban heat island, especially in low-income countries, increases the consequences of heatwaves. Urban micro-climate studies could help to manage heatwave crises and improve urban planning. However, they require accurate urban data, and such are often not available in African countries. This paper presents a crowdsourcing methodology using a very popular social media in this region, Facebook, to gather architectural information on buildings in the Greater Tunis agglomeration. Following WUDAPT protocol, the questions encompassed number of floors, window pattern, color, wall fabric, air-conditioning (AC) and building's use. More than 100 answers were gathered. An expert validation shows an accuracy of more than 85% on all parameters. The geo-localized sampled buildings were associated to Local Climate Zones. These are shown to be pertinent in Tunis. In this hot and dry climate, recent houses with many windows are found to be more equipped with AC than those using traditional construction methods with just a few windows. Mid-rise buildings follow modern construction paradigm, with many or even plate glass windows, and therefore use AC. Finally, this application of crowdsourcing to urban climate science through a social media questionnaire allows to propose architectural parameters for urban climate models in this region of North Africa.

Published
2019
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32. Caractérisation du tissu urbain français pour la modélisation du climat urbain et de son interaction avec la consommation énergétique dans les bâtiments

Author

Margot Pellegrino, Alexandre Amossé, Christine Plumejeaud, Nathalie Tornay, Valéry Masson, Nathalie Long, Julia Hidalgo, Erwan Bocher, Serge Faraut, Alexis Bourgeois, Thomas Gardes, Jean-Pierre Lévy, Marine Goret, Jérémy Bernard, Marion Bonhomme, Gwendall Petit, Cyril Poitevin, Robert Schoetter, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de recherche en architecture (LRA), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Lab-STICC_CNRS_CID_DECIDE, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
changement climatique, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, matériaux de construction, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, TEB (Town Energy Balance, ICU (îlot de chaleur urbain), [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, paramétrisation, morphologie, 13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, ville, consommationénergétique, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, attenuation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, climat urbain
Abstract

International audience; This article presents the construction of a dataset describing French cities in terms of morphology, construction materials, and human behaviour related to building energy consumption. It describes an improvement of the urban climate model TEB to take into account the variety of building use and human behaviour at district scale. These developments are useful for modeling the urban climate and its interaction with building energy consumption and can help to better quantify the effect of climate change mitigation and adaptation measures in French cities.; Cet article présente l'assemblage d'un jeu de données caractérisant les villes françaises en termes de morphologie, matériaux de construction et comportements énergétiques. Il expose une amélioration du modèle de climat urbain TEB pour prendre en compte une variété d'usages et de comportements énergétiques à l'échelle du quartier. Ces développements permettent de modéliser le climat urbain et son interaction avec la consommation énergétique dans les bâtiments et aideront à mieux quantifier l'effet de mesures d'atténuation et d'adaptation face au changement climatique dans les villes françaises.

Published
2019
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33. P76.42 OsimertinibTreatment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) EGFR-T790M+. Activity in Patients with CNS Metastases. OSIREX

Author

Thomas M. Moran, J.J. Garcia Gonzalez, Enrique Esteban, L. Gómez Aldavari, L.E. Chara, Pilar Garrido, J. Coves, C. Aguado de la Rosa, Oscar Juan, Joaquim Bosch-Barrera, J. Terrasa, N. Martinez Moreno, Juan Luis Gomez Marti, M. Provencio, Francisco Aparisi, Pilar Diz, A.M. Sánchez Peña, R. Garcia Campelo, David Aguiar, C. Garcia Giron, R. Lopez Castro, A.L. Ortega Granados, and Julia Hidalgo

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Oncology, business.industry, Cancer research, Medicine, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), In patient, EGFR T790M, business, medicine.disease
Published
2021
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34. A GIS plugin to model the near surface air temperature from urban meteorological networks

Author

Najla Touati, Julia Hidalgo, Thomas Gardes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Data resolution, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Geography, Planning and Development, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Data description, Surface air temperature, Robustness (computer science), Urban planning, 11. Sustainability, Plug-in, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Urban Studies, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, 13. Climate action, Air temperature, Environmental science, computer, Interpolation
Abstract

This article proposes a QGIS plug-in called TempMap, to obtain near surface air temperature maps from an urban meteorological network, the topography description and three parameters describing the urbanized surface fraction. The objective being to facilitate the communication and consideration of local climate in French urban planning practices, some methodological choices were done related to the meteorological situation robustness, the choice of the mapped indicator and the availability of the surface data description. The plug-in allows to apply spatial analytical modelling based on a hybrid interpolation and is here applied to the CAPITOUL atmospheric database of Toulouse (France), the MApUCE urban database and the topographical information from the French National Geographical Institute to obtain air temperature maps for four Local Weather Types. The plug-in can be download from GitHub, is compatible with all QGIS versions since 2.14.12. The evaluation of the model results shows an accuracy comparable to the state-of-the-art with a maximum delta between predicted and observed values of ~1 °C. Here French datasets are used but alternative datasets can be used being also possible to modify the output resolution in order to fit the input data resolution and the needs of the study.

Published
2020
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35. Generating WUDAPT Level 0 data – Current status of production and evaluation

Author

Ariane Middel, Christoph Beck, Chao Ren, Linda See, Jürgen Böhner, Peter Hoffmann, Gerald Mills, Paul J. Alexander, Yong Xu, Guang Xu, Matthias Demuzere, Jason Ching, Benjamin Bechtel, Panagiotis Sismanidis, Cidália Costa Fonte, Oscar Brousse, Tamás Gál, Julia Hidalgo, Marie-Leen Verdonck, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Universität Hamburg (UHH), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Wuhan] (HUST), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, Planning and Development, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), 01 natural sciences, Software, Urban climate, 11. Sustainability, ddc:550, Production (economics), Quality (business), Product (category theory), Urban heat island, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Protocol (object-oriented programming), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Numerical weather prediction, Urban Studies, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, business
Abstract

The World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) project has grown out of the need for better information on the form and function of cities globally. Cities are described using Local Climate Zones (LCZ), which are associated with a range of key urban climate model parameters and thus can serve as inputs to high resolution urban climate models. We refer to this as level 0 data for each city. The LCZ level 0 product is produced using freely available Landsat imagery, crowdsourced training areas from the community, and the open source SAGA software. This paper outlines the protocol by which LCZ maps generated by different members of the community are produced and evaluated. In particular, the quality assessment comprises cross-validation, review, and cross-comparison with other data sets. To date, the results from the different quality assessments show that the LCZ maps are generally of moderate quality, i.e. 50–60% overall accuracy (OA), but this is much higher when considering all built-up classes together or using weights that take the morphological and climatic similarity of certain classes into account. The training data contributed by researchers from around the world also vary in quality and in the interpretation of the landscape, which affects the final quality of the LCZ maps. The acceptable level of quality needed will depend heavily on the application of the data. However, initial modelling studies that use the level 0 products as inputs showed improved performance in simulating the urban climate when replacing the default surface descriptions with the WUDAPT level 0 data. This is also promising for the application of level 0 data in regional and global climate and weather models and supports the assumption that the current level 0 products are already of sufficient quality for certain applications. Moreover, there are various ongoing developments to improve the methods used to produce LCZ maps and their accuracy.

Published
2019
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36. Comparison of microclimate measurements and perceptions as part of a global evaluation of environmental quality at neighbourhood scale

Author

Julia Hidalgo, S. Marchandise, J. Le Bras, Noémie Gaudio, D. Chouillou, A. Amossé, Aude Lemonsu, D. Legain, Sinda Haouès-Jouve, Benoit Tudoux, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Microclimate, Air pollution, Wind, outdoor thermal comfort, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Wind speed, perception surveys, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Urban climate, 11. Sustainability, urban climate, medicine, Humans, Thermosensing, Mean radiant temperature, Neighbourhood (mathematics), Environmental quality, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Ecology, Temperature, Thermal comfort, Humidity, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 13. Climate action, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Quality of Life, Environmental science, France, cross-analysis, micrometeorological measurements
Abstract

International audience; The EUREQUA project raises the issue of the definition and evaluation of the environmental quality of neighbourhoods. The approach consists of integrating and cross-referencing observable data characterising the physical environment and people's perception of their quality of life. The study area is a neighbourhood in Toulouse (France) with high social and typo-morphological diversity, subject to noise and air pollution nuisances. Three 3-day field campaigns were organised in January, April, and June 2014. Instrumented and commented walks took place three times per day. For each one, measurements of physical environmental parameters and surveys were performed simultaneously at six locations in the neighbourhood. The study focuses on microclimate and thermal comfort issues. It aims to compare in situ meteorological data of air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and mean radiant temperature, with quantitative results rating human perception of heat, humidity, wind, and thermal comfort. The variability in perception and measurements is mainly driven by seasonal effects, especially for heat and humidity, and, to a lesser extent, for wind. Wind perception and measurement also vary spatially, thus highlighting site effects. Linear models indicate a positive link between heat perception and mean radiant temperature, as well as between wind perception and mean and standard deviation of wind speed (with a higher sensitivity of people to wind under winter climate conditions). Finally, it is found that perception of thermal comfort is only slightly linked to the different microclimate dimensions, and is rather driven by other appreciation factors and emotional criteria related to the general environmental quality of the study area.

Published
2019
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37. Comparison between local climate zones maps derived from administrative datasets and satellite observations

Author

Guillaume Dumas, Michael Foley, Erwan Bocher, Gerald Mills, Julia Hidalgo, Valéry Masson, Benjamin Bechtel, Gwendall Petit, Robert Schoetter, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lab-STICC_UBS_CID_DECIDE, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Universität Hamburg (UHH), Lab-STICC_CNRS_CID_DECIDE, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), WUDAPT, ANR-13-VBDU-0004,MApUCE,Modélisation Appliquée et droit de l'Urbanisme : Climat urbain et Énergie(2013), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), and Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), 01 natural sciences, Building density, 11. Sustainability, Satellite imagery, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Climate zones, MApUCE, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Conurbation, Building typology, Urban Studies, WUDAPT, Urban databases, 13. Climate action, Satellite, Local climate zones, Cartography, Geology, LCZ
Abstract

International audience; This paper proposes a method for generating maps of Local Climate Zones (LCZs) within a GIS using administrative and 2.5D building databases. The LCZs are computed from morphological indicators and building typology, on vector reference spatial units that correspond to urban islets,i.e. blocks of buildings surrounded by nearby roads. The main originality is that, while mean building height criteria correspond exactly to the LCZ classification, a k-means statistical method is used to determine, for each city, the limits between compact and open (and sparsely built) LCZsfor high-, mid- and low-rise LCZs, respectively. For example, in SO12 LCZ look-up tables and the WUDAPT-L0 mapping approach, “compact” LCZs correspond to a building density of over 40%.The resulting groups for Nantes, Toulouse and Paris for mid-height, treated with the proposed statistical method, are 36%, 37% and 33.8% respectively. The LCZ maps for these three cities are compared to the WUDAPT LCZ maps, the latter being obtained from satellite imagery at a re-solution of 100 m. MApUCE LCZ maps show more spatial details, due to their finer resolution, and more variety in urban LCZs within each conurbation. This is very important for modeling micro-climatic effects on town peripheries.

Published
2019
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38. Pathway using WUDAPT's Digital Synthetic City tool towards generating urban canopy parameters for multi-scale urban atmospheric modeling

Author

Alexander Baklanov, Jason Ching, Linda See, Tim Kropp, Matthias Demuzure, Michael Wong, Adel Hanna, Nigel J. Tapper, Xuemei Wang, Alberto Martilli, Oscar Brousse, Daniel G. Aliaga, Chen Li, Yelva Roustan, Bob Bornstein, Evyatar Erell, Fredrik Lindberg, Iain D. Stewart, Fei Chen, Benjamin Bechtel, Jimmy Chi Hung Fung, Julia Hidalgo, Xiaowei Zhang, Dev Niyogi, Gerald Mills, Aly Shehata, Jorge Gonzales-Cruz, Marina Neophytou, Helge Simon, Michael Bruse, Yuan Huang, Qiaodong He, Chao Ren, Edward Ng, Valéry Masson, R. K. Mall, Shiguang Miao, Young Seob Kim, Tzu-Ping, Yoshiki Yamagata, Ariane Middel, Yuguo Li, Denise Helena Silva Duarte, Weiwen Wang, Sue Grimmond, and Johan Feddema

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Geography, Planning and Development, Sampling (statistics), Atmospheric model, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Crowdsourcing, Grid, 01 natural sciences, Urban Studies, Urban climate, Environmental science, Urban heat island, business, Scale (map), Air quality index, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

The WUDAPT (World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools project goal is to capture consistent information on urban form and function for cities worldwide that can support urban weather, climate, hydrology and air quality modeling. These data are provided as urban canopy parameters (UCPs) as used by weather, climate and air quality models to simulate the effects of urban surfaces on the overlying atmosphere. Information is stored with different levels of detail (LOD). With higher LOD greater spatial precision is provided. At the lowest LOD, Local Climate Zones (LCZ) with nominal UCP ranges is provided (order 100 m or more). To describe the spatial heterogeneity present in cities with great specificity at different urban scales we introduce the Digital Synthetic City (DSC) tool to generate UCPs at any desired scale meeting the fit-for-purpose goal of WUDAPT. 3D building and road elements of entire city landscapes are simulated based on readily available data. Comparisons with real-world urban data are very encouraging. It is customized (C-DSC) to incorporate each city's unique building morphologies based on unique types, variations and spatial distribution of building typologies, architecture features, construction materials and distribution of green and pervious surfaces. The C-DSC uses crowdsourcing methods and sampling within city Testbeds from around the world. UCP data can be computed from synthetic images at selected grid sizes and stored such that the coded string provides UCP values for individual grid cells.

Published
2019

39. On the use of local weather types classification to improve climate understanding: An application on the urban climate of Toulouse

Author

Renaud Jougla, Julia Hidalgo, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Urban climatology, Planetary boundary layer, Computer science, Summer, Climate, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0208 environmental biotechnology, lcsh:Medicine, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Meteorology, Urban planning, Urban climate, Autumn, 11. Sustainability, Environmental monitoring, Humans, Cities, City Planning, lcsh:Science, Weather, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Physics, Winter, lcsh:R, Environmental resource management, Atmospheric Physics, Spring, 020801 environmental engineering, Geophysics, Atmosphere of Earth, 13. Climate action, Physical Sciences, Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Layers, lcsh:Q, Seasons, France, business, Research Article, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

e0208138; International audience; This paper proposes a method based on a local weather type classification approach to facilitate analysis and communication of climate information in local climate studies. Presented herein is an application to urban climatology in Toulouse, France, but the method can be used in other applied fields of climatology as well. To describe the climatic context of this urbanized area, the local weather types that explain the plurality of weather situations Toulouse faces are presented in depth. In order to show the potential for use of this approach, this information is applied to the study of changes in local weather types in terms of frequency and intensity within a series of future climate projections, a classic urban canopy and a series of atmospheric boundary layer analyses, and as a support for communication aimed to initiate urban climate awareness in urban planning practices. The proposed classification method has been coded in an R script and is provided as a supporting information file. The paper concludes that a systematic pre-study using this kind of climatic analysis is a good practice for performing climatic contextualization in local scale applied studies, both for scientific analysis and communication.

Published
2018
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40. WUDAPT: An Urban Weather, Climate, and Environmental Modeling Infrastructure for the Anthropocene

Author

Chao Ren, P. Bhalachandran, Edward Ng, Alexander Baklanov, Julia Hidalgo, Dev Niyogi, Martino Pesaresi, Marina Neophytou, Xuemei Wang, Nathaniel A. Brunsell, Daniel G. Aliaga, V. Masson, Fei Chen, Oscar Brousse, Gerald Mills, P. Alexander, Maria de Fátima Andrade, Matthias Demuzere, Linda See, N.E. Theeuwes, Shiguang Miao, Anamika Shreevastava, Q. Mu, Johannes J. Feddema, Iain D. Stewart, Petros Mouzourides, W. Dai, Benjamin Bechtel, Adel Hanna, Alberto Martilli, G. Milcinski, Jason Ching, Michael Foley, Jimmy Chi Hung Fung, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Department of Geography, University of Kansas [Kansas City], College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Globalsensing Technologies (GST), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Laboratoire de Socio-Psychologie et Management du Sport (SPMS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Environmental Sciences [Norwich], University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), and École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Hierarchy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Environmental resource management, International community, Land cover, 010501 environmental sciences, 15. Life on land, Crowdsourcing, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Geography, 13. Climate action, Anthropocene, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Urban climate, 11. Sustainability, Impervious surface, Urban heat island, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) is an international community-based initiative to acquire and disseminate climate relevant data on the physical geographies of cities for modeling and analysis purposes. The current lacuna of globally consistent information on cities is a major impediment to urban climate science toward informing and developing climate mitigation and adaptation strategies at urban scales. WUDAPT consists of a database and a portal system; its database is structured into a hierarchy representing different levels of detail, and the data are acquired using innovative protocols that utilize crowdsourcing approaches, Geowiki tools, freely accessible data, and building typology archetypes. The base level of information (L0) consists of local climate zone (LCZ) maps of cities; each LCZ category is associated with a range of values for model-relevant surface descriptors (roughness, impervious surface cover, roof area, building heights, etc.). Levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2) will provide specific intra-urban values for other relevant descriptors at greater precision, such as data morphological forms, material composition data, and energy usage. This article describes the status of the WUDAPT project and demonstrates its potential value using observations and models. As a community-based project, other researchers are encouraged to participate to help create a global urban database of value to urban climate scientists.

Published
2018
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41. Cross-analysis for the assessment of urban environmental quality: An interdisciplinary and participative approach

Author

Sinda, Haouès-Jouve, Aude, Lemonsu, Benoit, Gauvrau, Alexandre, Amossé, Arnaud, Can, Bertrand, Carrissimo, Noémie, Gaudio, Julia, Hidalgo, Claudia, Lopez-Rieu, Delphine, Chouillou, Isabelle, Richard, Luc, Adolphe, Isabelle, Berry-Chikhaoui, Julien, Bouyer, Samuel, Challéat, Cécile, De Munck, Elisabeth, Dorier, Gwenael, Guillaume, Sophie, Hooneart, Julien, Le Bras, Dominique, Legain, Jean-Pierre, Levy, Valéry, Masson, Solène, Marry, Danny, Nguyen-Luong, Juan-Carlos, Rojas-Arias, and Gao, Zhenlan

Abstract

The goal of this research is to assess environmental quality at the neighbourhood level through a multi-dimensional and multi-sensory approach that combines social and physical methodologies. For this purpose, an interdisciplinary protocol has been designed to simultaneously collect physical parameter measurements (related to microclimate and acoustics) and survey data on perceptions (involving residents and non-residents). The cross-referenced analysis of data collected at six contrasting places in a district in Toulouse (France) enabled us (i) to better understand and prioritise the factors that influence residents' assessment of the quality of their living environment and (ii) to understand to what extent the differentiation of the places by the inhabitants converges with the differentiation of these places based on acoustic and micrometeorological measurements. The statistical analysis based on individuals showed the importance of noise and air quality that rank just after the aesthetic dimension for all respondents. Nevertheless, the quality of maintenance and the feeling of security that the place inspires seem to be as crucial as these environmental criteria for the inhabitants. The analysis focused on the sites highlighted the consistency between the typology of places based on perceptions and that based on acoustic measurements, which confirms the high inhabitants' sensitivity to this environmental component.

Published
2022
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42. Impact of city expansion and increased heat fluxes scenarios on the urban boundary layer of Bilbao using Enviro-HIRLAM

Author

Alexander Baklanov, Iratxe Gonzalez-Aparicio, Julia Hidalgo, Ulrik Smith Korsholm, Roman Nuterman, and Alexander Mahura

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Meteorology, Anthropogenic heat, Urban climatology, Planetary boundary layer, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Atmospheric sciences, Plume, Urban Studies, Urbanization, Environmental science, Urban heat island, HIRLAM
Abstract

Most of medium-sized coastal cities are in continuous development and therefore the future impacts of urbanization on the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over them are expected to become more significant. This study is a complementary study of the urban heat island (UHI) over Bilbao, and its aim is to explore how the properties and structure of the ABL change depending on different urban scenarios during two short periods in summer and in winter under calm wind conditions. The analysis is carried out with the Enviro-HIRLAM model coupled with the Building Effect Parameterization urban module. The scenarios are defined according to two independent drivers: the expansion of the city in several sizes, and the increase of the anthropogenic heat fluxes. This study shows the differences between the scenarios in terms of the horizontal extension of the urban plume and the vertical development of the UHI. The expansion of the city is the driver that has the largest impact on the ABL.

Published
2014
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43. Corrigendum to ‘Pathway using WUDAPT's Digital Synthetic City tool towards generating urban canopy parameters for multi-scale urban atmospheric modeling’ [Urban Climate 28 (2019) 100459]

Author

Fei Chen, R. K. Mall, Chao Ren, Young Seob Kim, Michael Wong, Jimmy Chi Hung Fung, Alexander Baklanov, Edward Ng, Iain D. Stewart, Tim Kropp, Marina Neophytou, Yuan Huang, Aly Shehata, Adel Hanna, Qiaodong He, Shiguang Miao, Bob Bornstein, Weiwen Wang, Nigel J. Tapper, Alberto Martilli, Evyatar Erell, Tzu-Ping, Yoshiki Yamagata, Michael Bruse, Julia Hidalgo, Sue Grimmond, Xuemei Wang, Johan Feddema, Xiaowei Zhang, Dev Niyogi, Valéry Masson, Jason Ching, Jorge Gonzales-Cruz, Helge Simon, Chen Li, Matthias Demuzure, Denise Helena Silva Duarte, Daniel G. Aliaga, Oscar Brousse, Yuguo Li, Gerald Mills, Linda See, Ariane Middel, Fredrik Lindberg, Yelva Roustan, and Benjamin Bechtel

Subjects
Urban Studies, Atmospheric Science, Scale (ratio), Urban climate, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental science, Atmospheric model, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Atmospheric sciences, Urban canopy
Published
2019
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44. Urban Climate, Human behavior & Energy consumption : from LCZ mapping to simulation and urban planning(the MApUCE project)

Author

Valéry Masson, Julia Hidalgo, Alexandre Amossé, Erwan Bocher, Marion Bonhomme, Alexis Bourgeois, Geneviève Bretagne, Caillerez, S., Erwan Cordeau, Coralie Demazeux, Serge Faraut, Gallato, C., Sinda Haouès-Jouve, Marie-Laure Lambert, Aude Lemonsu, Jean-Pierre Lévy, Nathalie Long, X Lopez, C., Gwendall Petit, Margot Pellegrino, Cecilia PIGNON-MUSSAUD, Christine Plumejeaud, Ruff, V., Robert Schoetter, Nathalie Tornay, Didier Vye, Bocher, Erwan, Villes et Bâtiments - Modélisation Appliquée et droit de l'Urbanisme : Climat urbain et Énergie - - MApUCE2013 - ANR-13-VBDU-0004 - VBD - VALID, Benoit Beckers, Msc. Arch. Tannya Pico, S. Jimenez, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de recherche en architecture (LRA), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Lab-STICC_CNRS_CID_DECIDE, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération Nationale des Agences d'Urbanisme, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire En Urbanisme (LIEU), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lab-STICC_UBS_CID_DECIDE, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Modèles et simulation pour l'architecture, l'urbanisme et le paysage (MAP), EC ARCHIT NANCY-EC ARCHIT TOULOUSE-EC ARCHIT MARSEILLE-EC ARCHIT LYON-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, ANR-13-VBDU-0004,MApUCE,Modélisation Appliquée et droit de l'Urbanisme : Climat urbain et Énergie(2013), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-EC ARCHIT NANCY-EC ARCHIT TOULOUSE-EC ARCHIT MARSEILLE-EC ARCHIT LYON-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques ( CNRM ), Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires ( LISST ), École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville ( ENSFEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Modèles et simulation pour l'architecture, l'urbanisme et le paysage ( MAP ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg ( INSA Strasbourg ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -EC ARCHIT NANCY-EC ARCHIT TOULOUSE-EC ARCHIT MARSEILLE-EC ARCHIT LYON-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés ( LATTS ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire En Urbanisme ( LIEU ), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 ( LIENSs ), Université de La Rochelle ( ULR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) ( Lab-STICC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), LAB'URBA ( LAB'URBA ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), ANR-13-VBDU-0004,MApUCE,Modélisation Appliquée et droit de l'Urbanisme : Climat urbain et Énergie ( 2013 ), Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Energy consumption, Urban planning, Behaviors, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Urban climate, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Urban database
Abstract

International audience; The goal of the project is to propose a methodology to integrate quantitative energy and climate data in urban policies. In order to achieve this, the first objective is to obtain data from numerical simulations, focusing on urban microclimate and building energy consumption. Both aspects are physically coupled as domestic heating and air-conditioning are highly meteorologically dependent and heat waste impacts the Urban Heat Island. Forthis we develop a generic and automated method for generating Local Climate Zones (LCZ) for all cities in France at the scale of each urban block, including the urban architectural, geographical and sociological parameters necessary for the energy and microclimate simulations. Human behavior being a very potent level to address energy consumption reduction, a model of energy consumer behavior is also developed inside our coupled micro-climate building energy model, and is linked to the social information from the database. The second objective is to define vectors, understandable by urban planners, to include quantified energy-climate data to legal urban planning documents. This is done by analysis of legal and planning documents, of a few “best cases” and based on urban planning agencies requirements. The urban database, tools and models will be available as open-source.

Published
2017

45. The urban weather generator

Author

Leslie Norford, Julia Hidalgo, G. Pigeon, and Bruno Bueno

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Meteorology, Urban climatology, Building and Construction, Energy consumption, Urban area, Computer Science Applications, Weather station, Modeling and Simulation, Urban climate, Urbanization, Architecture, Environmental science, Urban heat island, Building energy simulation
Abstract

The increase in air temperature produced by urbanization, a phenomenon known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect, is often neglected in current building energy simulation practices. The UHI effect can have an impact on the energy consumption of buildings, especially those with low internal heat gains or with an inherent close interaction with the outdoor environment (e.g. naturally-ventilated buildings). This paper presents an urban weather generator (UWG) to calculate air temperatures inside urban canyons from measurements at an operational weather station located in an open area outside a city. The model can be used alone or integrated into existing programmes in order to account for the UHI effect in building energy simulations. The UWG is evaluated against field data from Basel (Switzerland) and Toulouse (France). The error of UWG predictions stays within the range of air temperature variability observed in different locations of the same urban area.

Published
2012
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46. Urban boundary layer analysis in the complex coastal terrain of Bilbao using Enviro-HIRLAM

Author

Alexander Mahura, O. Santa-Coloma, Iratxe Gonzalez-Aparicio, Julia Hidalgo, Ulrik Smith Korsholm, Alexander Baklanov, Roman Nuterman, and Томский государственный университет Механико-математический факультет Публикации студентов и аспирантов ММФ

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Urban climatology, Planetary boundary layer, Terrain, климат, 010501 environmental sciences, атмосферный пограничный слой, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Sea breeze, городские тепловые острова, Local time, Climatology, 11. Sustainability, Environmental science, Urban heat island, Бильбао, город, Intensity (heat transfer), HIRLAM, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This study analyses the atmospheric boundary layer over the Bilbao metropolitan area during summer (13–18 Jul 2009) and winter (20–29 Jan 2010) episodes using the Environment–High Resolution Limited Area Model (Enviro-HIRLAM) coupled with the building effect parameterisation (BEP). The main objectives of this study are: to evaluate the performance of the model to simulate the land–sea breezes over this complex terrain; to assess the simulations with the integration of an urban parameterisation in Enviro-HIRLAM and finally; and to analyse the urban–atmosphere interactions. Even if the hydrostraticity of the model is a limitation to simulate atmospheric flows over complex terrain, sensibility tests demonstrate that 2.4 km is the optimal horizontal resolution over Bilbao that allows at the same time: to obtain satisfactory reproducibility of the large-scale processes and to explore the urban effects at local scale. During the summer episode, a typical regime of diurnal sea breeze from the NW-N-NE direction and nocturnal valley breezes from the SE direction are observed over Bilbao. The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is developed in the city centre expanding to the suburbs from 22 to 10 local time (LT), covering an area of 130 km2. The maximum UHI intensity, 1 °C, is reached at the end of the night (5 LT), and it is advected 12 km towards the sea by the land breezes. The urban boundary layer (UBL) height amplitude varies from 100 (night time) to 1,360 m (at 14 LT). During the winter episode, the land breeze dominates the atmospheric diffusion during the day and night time. The maximum UHI intensity, 1.7 °C, is observed at 01 LT. It is spread and remained over the city covering an area of 160 km2, with a vertical extension of 33 m. The UBL reaches 780 m height at 16 LT the following day.

Published
2012
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47. Dynamically based future daily and seasonal temperature scenarios analysis for the northern Iberian Peninsula

Author

Iratxe González-Aparicio and Julia Hidalgo

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Percentile, Ensemble forecasting, Climatology, Frost, Climate change, Environmental science, Climate model, Relative humidity, Reference Period, Standard deviation
Abstract

This research analyses the changes expected in the tails of the temperature distribution over the Basque Country area (Spain). The study is devoted to support the impact and adaptation studies to climate change coordinated in the framework of the multidisciplinary project K-EGOKITZEN. A set of regional climate model outputs from the EU-FP6 ENSEMBLES project at 25 × 25 km horizontal resolution is used to analyse daily maximum and minimum near-surface air temperature and relative humidity over land. Extreme events are assessed using climatic indices defined by the STARDEX methodology for summer and winter seasons for previous (1978–2000) and future projections (2001–2100). Current bias correction methods are discussed. In winter the tenth percentile of the minimum temperature shows a positive trend with an increase of 3 °C with a mean standard deviation of 0.6 °C. All the models show a 70% decrease of the number of frost days at the end of the century and cold-wave episodes tend to disappear from 2070 to 2100 in some of the models. In summer, the 90th percentile of daily temperature shows also a positive trend with an increase of upto 3.5 °C with a mean standard deviation of 1.2 °C. The duration of each heat episode increase by 30%: while in the reference period, on ensemble model average, the duration of each heat wave is 15 days; at the end of the century is 24 days. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society

Published
2011
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48. Epidemiologic Data on Young Men of Color Who Have Sex with Men

Author

Gregory Phillips, Julia Hidalgo, Jessica Xavier, Amy Rock Wohl, and Karen Jones

Subjects
Male, Risk, Gerontology, Multiple Partners, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, Unprotected sex, HIV Infections, Young Adult, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), medicine, Humans, Homosexuality, Homosexuality, Male, Young adult, media_common, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Alcohol and drug, virus diseases, Hispanic or Latino, medicine.disease, United States, Black or African American, Infectious Diseases, Population Surveillance, Substance use, Epidemiologic data, business, Demography
Abstract

Young men of color who have sex with men (YMSM of color) have been disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States. Between 2001 and 2006, HIV/AIDS diagnoses increased 93.1% among African-American MSM aged 13-24 and 45.8% among Latino MSM aged 13-24. Many multisite studies have yielded valuable information on the behaviors associated with HIV infection in adolescents, MSM, African-Americans, and Latinos. Studies among adolescents found a high prevalence of risky sexual behaviors, including having multiple partners and unprotected intercourse and frequent substance use. Multisite studies of MSM also found frequent reports of alcohol and drug abuse, and one study found that nearly one-half (48%) of HIV-positive MSM were unaware of their infection. Similarly, two multisite studies of YMSM found high rates of unprotected sex, substance use, and HIV-infection among YMSM of color. Recognizing these challenges, the HIV/AIDS Bureau (HAB) of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) funded the first multisite study to improve engagement, linkage to HIV care, and retention in care for HIV-positive YMSM of color. The objective of this article is to review the epidemiologic data on HIV-positive YMSM of color from surveillance and multisite studies in order to identify the needs of this population and the gaps in the literature.

Published
2011
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49. Age of MSM Sexual Debut and Risk Factors: Results from a Multisite Study of Racial/Ethnic Minority YMSM Living with HIV

Author

Bonnie Halpern-Felsher, Julia Hidalgo, Gregory Phillips, Monique Green-Jones, Angulique Y. Outlaw, Sheldon D. Fields, and Lisa B. Hightow-Weidman

Subjects
Male, Aging, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, education, Population, Psychological intervention, Ethnic group, HIV Infections, Men who have sex with men, Developmental psychology, Young Adult, Risk Factors, Humans, Homosexuality, Homosexuality, Male, Young adult, Minority Groups, reproductive and urinary physiology, media_common, Reproductive health, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Hispanic or Latino, United States, Black or African American, Infectious Diseases, Cohort, business, Psychology, Demography
Abstract

The average reported age of sexual debut for youth in the United States is 14.4 years, with approximately 7% reporting their sexual debut prior to age 13. While the research literature on sexual debut for youth addresses gender and ethnic differences (with males and African-American youth experiencing earlier sexual debut), there is limited data regarding factors associated with sexual debut for young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Early sexual debut poses potential health risks, such as contracting HIV with an increased risk of unprotected intercourse. Given current high HIV infection rates for racial/ethnic minority YMSM, learning more about their sexual debuts and associated risk factors of this population is of great importance. This study investigated risk behaviors and emotional distress, and their association with MSM sexual debut for a multisite cohort of racial/ethnic minority YMSM living with HIV. We hypothesized that a MSM sexual debut younger than age 16 would be associated with engagement in more high-risk sexual behaviors (unprotected sex and exchange sex), substance use, and emotional distress than a MSM sexual debut at age 16 or older. Results indicated that participants having a MSM sexual debut before the age of 16 reported more exchange sex; drug use (specifically marijuana); emotional/psychological problems related to substance use; and a history of suicide attempts, compared to participants with later MSM sexual debuts. Comprehensive interventions that are racially/ethnically sensitive, inquire about initial sexual experiences, and focus on sexual health and healthy relationships are needed to improve health outcomes for this population.

Published
2011
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50. Identification des situations météorologiques locales pour une cinquantaine de villes françaises

Author

Julia Hidalgo, Béatrice Pouponneau, and Renaud Jougla

Subjects
Geography, Humanities, Medoid
Abstract

EnglishIdentification of the local weather situations is essential not only for the climatological modelling purposes but also for the appropriation of the problematic of urban microclimate by the local authorities. A new method is proposed to isolate and classify the local weather situations. This method is based on Partitioning Around Medoids and Gower distance statistical algorithms using five meteorological variables. The applicability of the method was tested in 51 different cities in France. This article details the results for Tours, Paris and Orleans and offers a critical analysis of the regional services of Meteo-France. francaisPour des besoins techniques de modelisation climatologique et d'appropriation par les collectivites locales de la problematique du microclimat urbain, une nouvelle approche d'identification des situations meteorologiques locales est proposee. Elle definit des types de temps sensible par classification de cinq variables meteorologiques pour chaque site etudie en rassemblant les situations meteorologiques proches dans une serie climatique. Basee sur la methode statistique Partitioning Around Medoids et la distance de Gower, cette methode a ete appliquee a cinquante-et-une villes francaises. Cet article detaille les resultats de Tours, Paris et Orleans et en propose une analyse critique par les services regionaux de Meteo-France.

Published
2019
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