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Medienbezogene Kompetenzen von Lehrkräften sind unabdingbar, um Schüler:innen auf Teilhabe, Partizipation und eine verantwortliche Mitgestaltung in einer Kultur der Digitalität vorzubereiten. Konkret benötigen Lehrkräfte hierzu medienbezogene Basis- und Lehrkompetenzen. Für die zielgerichtete und erfolgreiche Förderung dieser Kompetenzen im Rahmen der Lehrkräftebildung sind Instrumente zur Messung dieser Medienkompetenzen hilfreich. Bestehende Instrumente greifen allerdings zumeist auf einfache, nicht selten sehr allgemein formulierte Selbsteinschätzungen zurück. Dies erschwert eine valide Messung von Kompetenzen. In diesem Beitrag wird ein alternativer Messansatz vorgestellt, der Selbsteinschätzungen von Medienkompetenzen mittels Szenarien kontextualisiert und damit präzisiert. Die Szenarien-Basierung führt zu einem validen Messergebnis, hat aber für den Einsatz im Feld den Nachteil, dass die Messung deutlich umfangreicher ausfällt. Dem begegnen wir im vorliegenden Beitrag durch die Entwicklung einer Kurzskala in einem mehrstufigen Verfahren. Auf Basis eines Datensatzes von N = 552 (angehenden) Lehrkräften wird eine szenarienbasierte Kurzskala zur Messung instrumenteller und kritisch-reflexiver Medienkompetenzen sowie medienbezogener Lehrkompetenzen entwickelt. Diese Kurzskala wird in einer weiteren Studie mit N = 204 Lehrkräften nochmals validiert. Die Ergebnisse beider Studien unterstützen die Validität der Kurzskala. Für die Lehrkräftebildung und Forschung wird somit ein akzeptanzförderndes und ressourcenschonendes Instrument bereitgestellt, das eine reliable und valide Messung instrumenteller und kritisch-reflexiver Medienkompetenzen sowie medienbezogener Lehrkompetenzen erlaubt.

Islet transplantation is a promising treatment strategy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. However, oxidative stress-induced graft failure due to an insufficient revascularization is a major problem of this therapeutic approach. NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 is an important producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and several studies have already reported that this enzyme plays a crucial role in the endocrine function and viability of β-cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that targeting islet NOX2 improves the outcome of islet transplantation. To test this, we analyzed the cellular composition and viability of isolated wild-type (WT) and Nox2−/− islets by immunohistochemistry as well as different viability assays. Ex vivo, the effect of Nox2 deficiency on superoxide production, endocrine function and anti-oxidant protein expression was studied under hypoxic conditions. In vivo, we transplanted WT and Nox2−/− islets into mouse dorsal skinfold chambers and under the kidney capsule of diabetic mice to assess their revascularization and endocrine function, respectively. We found that the loss of NOX2 does not affect the cellular composition and viability of isolated islets. However, decreased superoxide production, higher glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as well as expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf)2, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) was detected in hypoxic Nox2−/− islets when compared to WT islets. Moreover, we detected an early revascularization, a higher take rate and restoration of normoglycemia in diabetic mice transplanted with Nox2−/− islets. These findings indicate that the suppression of NOX2 activity represents a promising therapeutic strategy to improve engraftment and function of isolated islets.

Gun violence reached a 20-year peak in 2020, with the first-line treatment of axillosubclavian vascular injuries (SAVIs) remaining unknown. Traditional open exposure is difficult and exposes patients to iatrogenic venous and brachial plexus injury. The practice of endovascular treatment has been increasing. We performed a retrospective analysis of SAVIs at a level I trauma center. Seven patients were identified. Endovascular repair was performed in five patients. Technical success was 100%. The early results suggest that endovascular treatment of trauma-related SAVIs can be performed safely and effectively. However, complications such as stent thrombosis or occlusion can occur, demonstrating the need for surveillance.

This case describes a patient with a permanent Bird's Nest inferior vena cava filter in the setting of spinal cord injury and paraplegia who presented with epigastric pain resulting from duodenal perforation of his filter. After confirming that the patient was stable hemodynamically with normal laboratory values, he underwent open exploration with trimming of the extraluminal struts and wires, leaving the intact filter in place, with resolution of his pain. Although percutaneous removal of inferior vena cava filters is preferred for retrievable filters, this case demonstrates the safety and efficacy of open surgical management for permanent filters, not designed for retrieval.

A 73-year-old woman was admitted for left groin bleeding through an open wound near a fungating left inguinal mass from advanced anal carcinoma. The interventional radiology service placed left iliac vein and common femoral vein stents as there was concern for communication and involvement of the left common femoral vein with the open wound, contributing to groin hemorrhage. After the procedure, the patient developed limb ischemia related to mass effect of the stent on the left common femoral vein stent artery. She was revascularized by placement of a left common femoral vein stent artery stent. This report describes a viable option for revascularization in the rare occurrence of limb ischemia related to venous stenting.

In Brief This essay reflects on the effects of capitalism and corporatization on the work habits of librarians, and critiques the profession’s emphasis on innovation for its own sake. First, the essay compares Juicero Inc., a Silicon Valley startup that faced criticism for producing an expensive machine that squeezed premade packets of juice, to projects undertaken by librarians for the purposes of career advancement and prestige that may unnecessarily complicate the services provided to patrons. The essay then outlines the burgeoning Slow Movement within libraries and recommends that librarians leverage the movement’s principles to push back against corporatization in librarianship.

Peer-assisted learning has been embraced by higher education as a way to boost student success. At the same time, academic librarians have found embedded librarianship to be an effective way to develop students' information literacy skills. The embedded librarianship model, however, is difficult to scale. The UCLA Library is testing a program that combines embedded librarianship with peer learning to solve some of the challenges associated with those models. The program works by embedding a student who has completed a General Education (GE) lecture course back into the current year's course to help students with research and writing assignments. The embedded student, called an "Inquiry Specialist,” is nominated by that course's faculty. The program launched in 2015 in five courses that serve a total of 830 students. Assessment is ongoing and includes: 1. IRB-approved study that will compare data (grades, retention, first-generation status, etc.) from students who connected with an Inquiry Specialist with those who did not; 2. Information literacy pre- and post-assessments; 3. Analysis of course evaluations; 4. Student survey. Results indicate that the combined model is an effective and scalable gateway to information literacy. During the first six weeks of Fall, 830 students (15% of the freshman class) attended a 40-minute library orientation. Approximately 20% of the 830 students subsequently sought additional help from the Inquiry Specialists. An analysis of course evaluations demonstrated that students in courses with an Inquiry Specialist rated their improvement in library and research skills 25% and 19% higher, respectfully, than students in courses without an Inquiry Specialist. Student scores on the information literacy quiz increased by an average of 9%. When surveyed, 68% of students said the Inquiry Specialists were “Very Helpful” (36%) or “Helpful” (34%). Plans are underway to double the size of the program in the 2016-17 academic year.