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BackgroundMedication is the most common intervention in health care, and the number of online consumer information systems within the pharmaceutical sector is increasing. However, online consumer information systems can be a barrier for users, imposing information asymmetries between stakeholders. ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to quantify and compare the usability of an online consumer medication information system (OCMIS) against a reference implementation based on an interoperable information model for patients, physicians, and pharmacists. MethodsQuantitative and qualitative data were acquired from patients, physicians, and pharmacists in this online usability study. We administered 3 use cases and a post hoc questionnaire per user. Quantitative usability data including effectiveness (task success), efficiency (task time), and user satisfaction (system usability scale [SUS]) was complemented by qualitative and demographic data. Users evaluated 6 existing systems and 1 reference implementation of an OCMIS. ResultsA total of 137 patients, 81 physicians, and 68 pharmacists participated in this study. Task success varied from 84% to 92% in patients, 66% to 100% in physicians, and 50% to 91% in pharmacists. Task completion time decreased over the course of the study for all but 2 OCMIS within the patient group. Due to an assumed nonnormal distribution of SUS scores, within-group comparison was done using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Patients showed differences in SUS scores (P=.02) and task time (P=.03), while physicians did not have significant differences in SUS scores (P=.83) and task time (P=.72). For pharmacists, a significant difference in SUS scores (P

Background: Access to patients' medical histories can be of vital importance to ensure proper treatment in an emergency. Germany is planning to introduce a medical emergency dataset (MED), accessible through an electronic health card, and comprising important patient information, such as diagnoses, medications, and allergies. Introduction: This article evaluates the effect of MEDs on the comprehensiveness of a physician's documentation and handover process to the emergency department of a hospital. Materials and Methods: In 2 randomized, crossover simulation studies, 72 emergency physicians participated in 2 emergency scenarios, either with or without access to an MED. Subsequently, they had to document the key information (pre-existing conditions, medications, and allergies) and hand it over to a fictional hospital. The influence of the MED on the documentation of key information was analyzed using the two-sided Prescott's exact test. Sensitivity analyses adjusting for scenario were conducted. Results: The results show that in scenarios with an MED, documentation of key information in the handover process was more complete. In the first trial, 2 of 3 key items (pre-existing conditions/information and allergies) presented a statistically noticeable difference in scenarios with the MED. The second trial confirmed these results for all key items. Discussion: The findings indicate that the use of MEDs in emergency care could be beneficial since documentation and handover in scenarios with an MED were superior to current real-world practices. Conclusions: Access to more complete patient information through an MED could help to improve the patient's treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical Emergency Datasets (MEDs) are brief summarizations of an individual's medical history, providing vital patient information to emergency medical providers. A recent German study [1] evaluated whether MEDs are useful to local emergency physicians and paramedics, and which health data were relevant to their medical management. To validate of the German study internationally, Canadian physicians and paramedics were recruited to provide feedback on the utility of the German MEDs as well as their specific content. Original documents and surveys were translated to English directly, with a goal of collecting quantitative and qualitative feedback. Overall, physicians and paramedics found the MEDs to be useful in their evaluation of hypothetical medical scenarios. Most of the MED content was very useful, with some items appearing extraneous. The findings of this study will be used to inform future development of MEDs as well as to drive future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]