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Classroom engagement is critical for both students and professors in order to have a successful experience at a college or university. In modern days due to a growing number of various digital distractions and other external influences, keeping student engaged is a challenging problem. This work focuses on how to measure student engagement using facial gestures along with deep learning techniques. In this work, we took seven facial gestures for our image classification to measure student engagement. We use deep learning techniques to classify the gestures and we compute cross correlation between student gestures and the instructor’s teaching methodologies.

Epoxidized soy bean oil (ESBO) polyether polyols have been prepared and evaluated as potential bio-renewable replacements for bisphenol A based epoxy coatings. Zinc triflate was found to be more efficient in catalyzing the ESBO hydroxyl reaction than methanesulfonic acid or boron trifluoride etherate. With an excess of n-butanol, ESBO epoxide groups ring open to give the expected polyether polyol, but as the n-butanol concentration is reduced, dimers, trimers, and higher molecular weight analogs of the triglycerides appear. Weight average molecular weight can be increased in a controlled fashion to over 10,000 Da by using trimethylolpropane (TMP) in place of n-butanol. The addition of solvent reduces molecular weight of the polyether polyol, at an equivalent TMP level while still allowing good reaction control. These polyether polyols can be cured with phenolic resins, but solvent and blush resistance, adhesion, and wedge bend flexibility are inferior to a commercial bisphenol A epoxy control. ESBO polyether polyols were then grafted with an acrylic monomer mix that included methacrylic acid using initiators with high grafting efficiencies. Neutralization with a base allowed the formation of stable aqueous dispersions. However, use of an initiator with a low grafting efficiency under the same conditions did not produce a stable aqueous dispersion. A simple blend of a pre-formed acrylic with the ESBO polyether polyol likewise did not form a stable dispersion. Solvent borne and water borne ESBO polyether polyol acrylic grafted co-polymers were cured with phenolic, benzoguanamine and melamine crosslinkers. Films were comparable to a commercial BPA epoxy control having excellent solvent and blush resistance, good adhesion, and good flexibility.

Surveillance programmes for bladder cancer are invasive and expensive. Existing guidelines are complex, and the capacity to implement these is untested. The present study examined treatment consistency, and ease of guideline implementation, for patients undergoing surveillance of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Eligible cancers treated between 1 January 2005 and 30 June 2009 were identified from a prospective database in a regional South Australian Urology service. Each was analysed with respect to the timing of cystoscopic surveillance and the use of intraoperative chemotherapy. For high-risk patients, the use of urine cytology, upper tract imaging, adjuvant therapy and re-resection of T1 cancers was reviewed.Eight hundred and nineteen cystoscopies were performed in the surveillance of 313 cancers in 193 patients. Within each risk category, the pattern of cystoscopic surveillance varied widely. In high-risk patients, the use of cytology, upper tract imaging, adjuvant therapy and re-resection was infrequent (3-56%). An attempt was made to standardize management through the implementation of guidelines. No overall practice improvement was observed after 18 months. Difficulty incorporating new algorithms into practice and ensuring a consistent longitudinal focus in care were felt contributory. Of 78 low-risk cancer patients, 55% underwent more cystoscopies than would have been expected. In 235 cancer patients at high or intermediate risk, 43% received less follow-up than would have been recommended.Surveillance patterns were inconsistent across all risk categories. The development of consensus recommendations did not significantly alter clinical practice. Implementation of clinical guidelines for this important disease represents a significant challenge in acute hospital settings.

The paper reports the findings of a study of the neighborhood health center (NHC) program which was initiated by the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) in 1965. The study focuses on the structure of the NHC system (funding agency, operating agency, and community board), analyzes the goals of the different sets of actors, and argues that the conflicts which evolved within the system were the natural outcome of the divergence in the goals of the different actors. Based on a series of 88 in-depth interviews with key health officials in OEO as well as project officers in NHCs throughout the country, the study suggests a framework for a more comprehensive analysis of the outcome of the NHC program and notes the implications of these findings for some current health legislation.

Richard M. Hessler is Associate Professor, Department of Sociology and Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia. Peter Kong-Ming New is Professor of Sociology, Department of Behavioral Science, University of Toronto. J. Thomas May is Assistant Professor of Human Ecology, Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Health, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City. The research on which this paper is based was supported by Contract # HSM-110-60-255. Health Services and Mental Health Administration, USPHS, and by Grant # IRO INH 21 742-01. National Institute of Mental Health. All interpretations are solely those of the authors. We wish to thank Donald Granberg, (University of Missouri-Columbia) for his valuable suggestions involving the researcher-sponsorsubject distinction. Martha Bartlett assisted in preparing the manuscript. Special thanks to Peter Singlemann for his advice. This paper is a much revised version of two earlier papers presented at the Midwest Sociological Society meeting, St. Louis, Missouri, April, 1970, and at the Society for Applied Anthropology meeting, Sun Diego, California, April, 1977. A FEW YEARS AGO our attention was focused on the problem of designing a research methodology which would serve two purposes that we felt to be of major importance to the future of behavioral science research as a component of community development. The two areas occupying so much of our attention at the time were (1) the problem of gaining entry into closed or highly restrictive social settings, and (2) the issue of doing research on powerless people so as to increase their access to power and control over research decision making and application of research findings. Five papers were written in which these two areas were addressed and the research commune model was developed and tested (Hessler and New 1972a, b; New, Hessler, and Kemnitzer 1972; New, Hessler, May et al. 1973; Hessler and Walters 1976). Subsequent to this work several sociologists formulated the concept o f conflict methodology (Lundman and McFarlane 1976; Lehmann and Young 1974; Sjoberg and Miller 1973; Spencer 1973; Young 1971, 1973; Galliher 1973; Nolan and Galliher 1973). Much debate ensued and the opposition countered with approaches which have been labeled consensus methodology. Basically the consensus methodologists assert that conflict methodology is inherently unethical (Blau 1964; Warwick 1974). In reply the conflict methodologists accuse the consensus people of doing the dirty work for the power elites, thereby helping t o suppress the poor, powerless, and exploited classes of society. Our observation is that this debate has raised very important methodological and ethical issues for behavioral science research. However, there are conceptual weaknesses in the way the debate has been presented and we have identified what appears to be a major issue which the conflictconsensus dialogue simply cannot resolve. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the debate and define this issue which we call the research development link. The exchange model is presented as a third strategy representing a more differentiated approach which allows the researcher t o address fundamental research-development issues which the conflict/consensus dichotomy precludes. In doing this we have divided our paper into the following three parts: (1) Conflict-consensus methodologies and the research-development issue; (2) Exchange methodology as a conceptual tool for developing the research-development link; and (3) Implications of the exchange model for the role of the behavioral science researcher in community development and social change.

Within the past few years, interest in all facets of urban planning and renewal has been manifested by a variety of professionals, as evidenced by publications in this area. In reviewing some of the basic themes of the monographs, one obtains the view that the diverse professions hold a variety of notions. The physical planners pay lip service to social planning, but only as a second thought; some sociologists may be sympathetic to the slum dwellers or to the soon-to-be relocated residents while others are more concerned with political facets; psychologists may be interested in perceptual or attitudinal studies; and investigators into the public health phenomenon report on the implications of housing for health.