Search

The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with an increased risk of mental health problems including suicide in many subpopulations, but its influence on stable patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been studied fleetingly. This study examined the one-year prevalence of suicidality including suicidal ideation (SI), suicide plans (SP), and suicide attempts (SA) as well as their correlates in clinically stable MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted between October 1, 2020, and October 15, 2021, in six tertiary psychiatric hospitals. Socio-demographic information, clinical data and one-year prevalence of suicidality were recorded.Altogether, 1718 participants who met the eligibility criteria were included. The overall one-year prevalence of suicidality during the COVID-19 pandemic was 68.04% (95% confidence intervals (CI) =65.84-70.25%), with one-year SI prevalence of 66.4% (95%CI = 64.18-68.65%), SP prevalence of 36.26% (95%CI = 33.99-38.54%), and SA prevalence of 39.35% (95%CI = 37.04-41.66%). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed male gender, married marital status, college education level and above and age were negatively associated with risk of suicidality. Urban residence, unemployed work status, experiences of cyberbullying, a history of suicide among family members or friends, and more severe fatigue, physical pain, and residual depressive symptoms were positively associated with risk of suicidality.Suicidality is common among clinically stable MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular suicide screening and preventive measures should be provided to clinically stable MDD patients during the pandemic.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as potential diagnostic biomarkers in various cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of miR-205-5p in lung cancer progression and diagnosis.MiR-205-5p was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The effect of miR-205-5p on cell proliferation and metastasis was estimated by MTT and flow cytometry. The expression of TP53INP1 and related genes was analyzed by immunoblotting. The diagnostic value of miR-205-5p was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, sensitivity, and specificity.The miR-205-5p was increased in lung cancer tissues. MiR-205-5p mimics were promoted but its inhibitor suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis compared with control treatment in vitro and in vivo. By regulating the 3' untranslated region, miR-205-5p could negatively regulate TP53INP1 expression, which further inhibited the expression of RB1 and P21, but increased that of cyclinD1. Moreover, the serum miR-205-5p levels of patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those of normal controls, and they were correlated with patients' gender, drinking status, and clinical stage. The area under the ROC curve of serum miR-205-5p in the diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer was 0.8250, respectively. The finding supported its possession of high diagnostic efficiency for lung cancer.MiR-205-5p promoted lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by negatively regulating the novel target TP53INP1, which further affected the expression of P21, RB1, and cyclin D1. Serum miR-205-5p is a novel and valuable biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have recently been reported to cause a significant increase in the production and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are closely correlated with lung cancer metastasis. The aim of the present study is to determine the inhibitory effects of a polysaccharide isolated from Ulva prolifera O.F. Muller (U. prolifera) on the invasive potential of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and further to explore the underlying mechanisms connected to that potential. The data showed that increased MMP-9 resulting from H2O2 exposure was mediated by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Pre-treatment with polysaccharides suppressed the activation of H2O2-mediated MAPK pathways and cell invasion. Hence, MMP-9 production triggered by H2O2 was demonstrated by activating MAPK signaling in a Myc-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggested that polysaccharides suppress H2O2-induced cell invasion by inhibiting Myc-mediated MMP-9 gene transcription through the MAPK signaling pathway in A549 and NCI-H1650 cells. Our data also suggested that polysaccharides may be useful in minimizing the development of lung cancer metastasis. In the future, pretreatment with polysaccharides because of their antioxidant properties might be beneficial to enhance surgical outcomes.

Internet addiction (IA) is associated with mental health problems but its impact on quality of life (QOL) is understudied. We examined the prevalence of IA and its association with QOL in clinically stable patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).In a cross-sectional survey between September 2020 and July 2021, the Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief version scale (WHOQOL-BREF) were administered to 1267 patients with MDD. Logistic regression was used to examine the correlates of IA, while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine the association between IA and QOL."The prevalence of IA (IAT total scores ≥50) was 27.2 % (95 % CI: 24.7 %-29.6 %) in MDD patients. Compared to patients without IA, those with IA had lower QOL (FIA is much more common in clinically stable patients with MDD compared to the reported figures in the general population. It would be prudent to screen and monitor internet use in MDD patients and treat those with IA.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have recently been reported to cause a significant increase in the production and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are closely correlated with lung cancer metastasis. The aim of the present study is to determine the inhibitory effects of a polysaccharide isolated from Ulva prolifera O.F. Müller (U. prolifera) on the invasive potential of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and further to explore the underlying mechanisms connected to that potential. The data showed that increased MMP-9 resulting from H2O2 exposure was mediated by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Pre-treatment with polysaccharides suppressed the activation of H2O2-mediated MAPK pathways and cell invasion. Hence, MMP-9 production triggered by H2O2 was demonstrated by activating MAPK signaling in a Myc-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggested that polysaccharides suppress H2O2-induced cell invasion by inhibiting Myc-mediated MMP-9 gene transcription through the MAPK signaling pathway in A549 and NCI-H1650 cells. Our data also suggested that polysaccharides may be useful in minimizing the development of lung cancer metastasis. In the future, pretreatment with polysaccharides because of their antioxidant properties might be beneficial to enhance surgical outcomes.

Correction for ‘Polysaccharides from Ulva prolifera O.F. Müller inhibit cell proliferation via activating MAPK signaling in A549 and H1650 cells’ by Juan Juan Yang et al., Food Funct., 2021, 12, 6915–6924, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO00294E.

To describe the application of reversed contralateral distal femoral locking compression plate (DF-LCP) inserted through a progressive and intermittent drilling procedure in the treatment of osteopetrotic subtrochanteric fracture (OSF).Three patients (one male and two females with an average age of 45.33 ± 11.09 years) with OSF hospitalized between September 2015 and September 2020, were included in this present study. Lateral approach was applied in all patients who accepted open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with a reversed contralateral DF-LCP inserted through a progressive and intermittent drilling procedure. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded to evaluate the efficiency of this surgical method. Physical examination and imaging examination of the fracture site were used to evaluate the fracture union status, the position and stability of the implant, and the alignment of the injured limb at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after operation, then a subsequent visit was conducted at least once a year. Harris Hip Score (HHS) was used to evaluate the hip joint function at 6 and 12 months after operation.The average operation time was 140 ± 21.60 min (110, 160, and 150 min); The average intraoperative blood loss was about 333.33 ± 23.57 ml (300, 350, and 350 ml). The average follow-up time was 22.33 ± 7.41 months (29, 26, and 12 months). All patients achieved bone union with an average time of 6.67 ± 0.94 months (6, 8, and 6 months). At the time of 6 months after operation, case 1 and 3 were almost pain-free and could walk with full weight bearing while case 2 could walk only with partial weight bearing using a crutch. The HHS scores of cases 1, 2, and 3 were 84/100, 74/100, and 92/100, respectively. At the follow-up at 12 months after operation, the HHS score improved to 91/100, 81/100, and 96/100, respectively. The contralateral incomplete old subtrochanteric fracture was deteriorated in case 1 at 26 months after operation. After 3 months of limited weight bearing using a crutch, bone union was verified in radiograph imaging. Fresh contralateral subtrochanteric fracture occurred in case 2 at 26 months after operation, which was treated using a similar surgical approach, and its clinical outcome is under follow-up. Moreover, no perioperative complications including operation-related death, vascular/nerve injury, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and incision infection, and long-term complications involving malunion, nonunion, implant failure, ankylosis, heterotopic ossification, osteonecrosis, and osteomyelitis were identified.The application of reversed contralateral DF-LCP in OSF is practicable and reliable. Progressive and intermittent drilling is a safe and efficient method for implant insertion in this complicated situation.

Background Acute herpes zoster (AHZ) is a common skin disease caused by invasion of the varicella zoster virus into the ganglia and skin, and the severe pain is the most complaint, which can seriously disturb the normal life of patients. Fire needle plus cupping is a special acupuncture treatment, which is widely used to treat AHZ for its better analgesic effect in China although it has not been fully verified by rigorous randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods/design To test the effect, a three-arm randomized parallel controlled trial protocol has been designed. A total of 105 AHZ patients suffering pain will be randomly divided into three groups in an equal proportion. The interventions are fire needle plus cupping (FC) in group A, famciclovir plus gabapentin (FG) in group B, and fire needle plus cupping plus famciclovir (FCF) in group C. The length for the trial is set for a week time frame. Precisely speaking, the A group (FC) is to carry out 1 treatment per day for the total of 7 treatment sessions within 1 week period. On the other hand, the B group (FG) will take drugs orally three times a day within the trial 1 week. Meanwhile, with its combination element, the C group (FCF) is due to undertake both treatments and drugs as prescribed for A and B groups within the trial week. As an intra-trial arrangement, analgesic medication will be carefully administered for temporary pain release if the sudden intolerable pain appeared. For the primary outcome, this study is due to apply visual analogue scale to identify pain intensity relief. As the secondary outcomes are concerned, this study is aiming to focus on the issues related to changes in substance P and beta-endorphin concentrations in peripheral plasma, as well as those issues of analgesic needs, side effects, symptoms, and physical signs including pain classification, local itching, burning sensation, fever, local lymphadenopathy, skin lesion area, blisters, herpes clusters, vesicular traits, ulcers, and pimples; all these are taken into account for evaluation. For the final stage, the participants are to be followed up for postherpetic neuralgia. Discussion The results of this trial aim to provide sufficient evidence on FC treatment over both FG and FCF treatments. It will then give a credible alternative treatment to cut down acute pain and to cure AHZ infection. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800015372. Registered on 28 March 2018.

Background Long noncoding (lncRNA) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with the susceptibility to the development of various malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and its SNPs in lung cancer. Methods Initially, the expression of HOTAIR in different tumors was investigated using the online Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) resource. Three SNPs (rs920778, rs1899663, and rs4759314) of HOTAIR were identified using the MassArray system. Following this, the relationship between these SNPs and susceptibility to lung cancer was investigated. Results Expression of HOTAIR was found to increase in a variety of cancers, including nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that the genotypes of these SNPs (rs920778, rs1899663, and rs4759314) were not significantly associated with lung cancer type, family history, lymph node metastasis, or lung cancer stage. In gender stratification, the results of rs920778 genotypes showed that, compared to genotype AA, the AG (OR = 0.344, 95% CI: 0.133–0.893, p = .028) and AG + GG (OR = 0.378, 95% CI: 0.153–0.932, p = .035) genotypes of rs920778 are protective factors against NSCLC in females. In smoking stratification, compared with AA of rs920778, the genotype AG + GG (OR = 0.507, 95% CI: 0.263–0.975, p = .042) was a protective factor against NSCLC in nonsmoking people. No statistical differences were observed in the classifications of rs1899663 and rs4759314 genotypes. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed a high linkage disequilibrium between the rs920778 and rs1899663 (D′ = 0.99, r 2 = .74), rs920778 and rs4759314 (D′ = 0.85, r 2 = .13), and rs1899663 and rs4759314 (D′ = 0.79, r 2 = .00). Conclusion Our study demonstrated that HOTAIR expression increased in NSCLC, and that the genotypes of rs920778 could be useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer., This study investigated the roles of HOTAIR and its SNPs in lung cancer. We found that HOTAIR increased in nonsmall cell lung cancer, and the genotypes of rs920778 are protective factors for female patients and nonsmoking people, which are useful for screening and prognosis for lung cancer.

Corneal astigmatism significantly compromises uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) after phacoemulsification with implantation of traditional spherical or non-spherical monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). Toric IOL provides an effective way to gain favorable postoperative UCVA for the patients with cataracts with corneal astigmatism. There are numerous types of toric IOLs; however AcrySof® IQ toric IOL (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) and TECNIS® toric IOL (Johnson & Johnson Vision; Johnson & Johnson) are most frequently used in our clinical practice. The purpose of the current study was to compare the clinical efficacy of AcrySof IQ with TECNIS toric IOL implantation, and to provide a clinical basis on selecting an appropriate toric IOL before cataract surgery for patients with corneal astigmatism. A total of 30 patients with cataract (44 eyes) with corneal astigmatism [0.82-7.27 diopters (D)], who have undergone phacoemulsification with toric IOL implantation between October 2012 and December 2017, were included in the current retrospective cohort study. Patients were divided into two groups: One group (26 eyes) received the AcrySof IQ toric IOL (AcrySof group) and the other group (18 eyes) received the TECNIS toric IOL (Tecnis group). The indexes of curative effect, such as uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA, respectively), refractive outcomes, contrast sensitivity (CS), IOL rotation, and satisfaction, were evaluated. Both toric IOLs significantly improved UDVA and CDVA. Postoperative mean residual astigmatism was similar in the AcrySof group and in the Tecnis group (0.75±0.50 and 0.78±0.90 D; P=0.896). There was no statistically significant between postoperative CS in the AcrySof and Tecnis groups. Rotations of >10˚ were considered to be significant and were identified in three eyes. The mean IOL rotation showed no statistically significant difference (AcrySof group, 0.24±5.54˚; Tecnis group, -0.19±6.28˚; P=0.416). The mean patient satisfaction score was 8.46±1.21 in the AcrySof group and 8.78±1.44 in the Tecnis group (P=0.260). The results of the current study indicated that patients with cataracts with corneal astigmatism undergoing phacoemulsification with AcrySof IQ and TECNIS toric IOL implantation achieved similar clinical efficacy in term of visual outcomes, refraction correction, CS, rotational stability and satisfaction.

Shared vision among organizations could reinforce the constructive cooperation of the entire supply chain. From social capital theory and the viewpoints of network embeddedness, this study intends ...

To observe the influence of repeated shallow fire-needle acupuncture stimulation plus cupping on local neuralgia and serum substance P(SP)content in patients with acute herpes zoster (AHZ).A total of 60 cases of AHZ patients were randomly divided into control (medication) group and treatment (medication plus fire-needle) group (After the treatment, the VAS scores and serum SP concentrations in both groups were significantly decreased in comparison with those of their own pre-treatment (Repeated shallow fire-needle stimulation plus cupping can accelerate the relief of local neuralgia in AHZ patients, which may be associated with its effect in down-regulating serum SP level.

Because marine organisms have evolved to adapt to a wide variety of environmental factors on varying temporal and spatial scales, the antioxidative metabolic pathway are different. The aim of this study was to investigate the different antioxidative response of Ulva Prolifera (U. prolifera) that have been exposed to high temperature (UpHT) or low-temperature (UpLT) stresses. The results of our study suggested that mainly UpHT and not UpLT increased the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and L-ascorbate peroxidase (APX) more than those in the medium-temperature (UpMT) controls. In addition, biological index analyses indicated that both SOD and CAT activities increased after culturing for 48 h. The chlorophyll levels increased to the highest point after culturing for 4 d in the UpHT group but remained unchanged in the UpLT group. In addition, peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased under UpHT but remained unchanged under UpLT stimuli. We suggest that our findings have significantly improved our understanding of the different molecular mechanisms involved in the tolerance of algae to UpHT or UpLT stimulus, which might explain the seasonal blooms of U. prolifera.

This study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of l-serine and the underlying mechanisms in mice after traumatic brain injury (TBI) induced using a weight drop model. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with l-serine 3 h after TBI and then injected twice each day for 7 days or until the end of the experiment. The neurological severity score, brain water content, lesion volume, and neurone loss were determined. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 and the number of GFAP- and Iba-1-positive cells and activated caspase-3-positive neurones in the brain tissue ipsilateral to TBI were also measured. Simultaneously, the influences of l-serine on these variables were observed. In addition, the expression of glycine receptors and l-serine-induced currents were measured. We found l-serine treatment: 1) decreased the neurological deficit score, brain water content, lesion volume, and neurone loss; 2) inhibited activated caspase-3; and 3) reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and the number of GFAP- and Iba-1-positive cells. The effects of l-serine were antagonised by the administration of strychnine, an antagonist of glycine receptors. In addition, we found that glycine receptors were expressed mainly in the cortical neurones but less in the astrocytes or microglial cells, and l-serine activated these receptors and induced strychnine-sensitive currents in these neurones. In conclusion, l-serine induces the activation of glycine receptors, which alleviates neuronal excitotoxicity, a secondary brain injury process, thereby reduces the activation of astrocytes and microglial cells and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibits neuronal apoptosis. Thus, l-serine treatment leads to neuroprotection of brain tissue through reducing inflammatory responses and improves recovery of the neurological functions in mice after traumatic brain injury.

Isatis indigotica Fort. (Cruciferae) is a biennial medicinal plant. In order to protect the decreasing natural genetic resources of I. indigotica , three candidate DNA barcodes (ITS2, trnL-F and rbc L) were employed to establish an accurate and effective identification system for I. indigotica . The results demonstrated that all three candidate DNA barcodes have performed very well in I. indigotica . The interspecific genetic distances were obviously greater than the intraspecific distance among I. indigotica as indicated by ITS2, trnL-F and rbc L. Sequence alignment analysis of I. indigotica genotypes revealed that four SNPs (54, 108, 146 and 181 bp) located in ITS2, three (2, 30, 709 bp) in trnL-F and one (531 bp) in rbc L, respectively. UPGMA phylogenetic tree constructed from trnL-F and rbc L could allote I. indigotica to the correct corresponding genus, whereas rbc L could not distinguish I. indigotica from its adulterants. Meanwhile, UPGMA tree of ITS2 could accurately identify I. indigotica from its adulterants according to the corresponding species. Consequently, it can be concluded that ITS2 is a more suitable and accurate DNA barcode for identifying I. Indigotica and its adulterants than trnL-F and rbc L.

Aim To compare a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and a bifocal IOL implantation in improving visual function after cataract surgery. Methods Eligible literatures were systematically searched through EMBASE and PubMed databases. The inclusion criteria were prospective comparative clinical trials on cataract surgery comparing trifocal IOL with bifocal IOL implantation that assessed visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and subjective vision quality. The effects were computed as standardized mean differences and pooled using fixed-effect or random-effect models. Results Four prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and five cohorts provided data were included by a systematic review, comprising 265 eyes implanted with trifocal IOLs and 264 eyes implanted with bifocal IOLs. Monocular distance visual acuity (VA) showed a statistically significant but small difference that favored trifocal IOLs (MD=-0.06; 95%CI, -0.10 to -0.02; Z=2.90, P=0.004 for uncorrected distance VA, and MD= -0.02; 95%CI, -0.03 to -0.00; Z=2.02, P=0.04 for corrected distance VA), but the data did not suggest that the effect of trifocal IOL implantation would clinically outperform bifocal IOL implantation. There was no significant difference in monocular near VA (MD=-0.01; 95%CI, -0.07 to 0.04; Z=0.42, P=0.68 for distance-corrected near VA, and MD=-0.01; 95%CI, -0.06 to 0.03; Z=0.55, P=0.58 for corrected near VA) or refraction between two groups. Contrast sensitivity and subjective visual quality had no conclusive results. Conclusion All results indicate that trifocal IOL and bifocal IOL had similar levels of monocular distance and near VA.

The Paper presented the structure and operation mode of ice cold-storage air conditioning unit, compared its operation cost with common chiller. At last, through the economic analysis, the paper indicated that the ice cold-storage unit has great promotion potential and prospect for development.

A prototype of miniature cooling system was developed, which mainly consists of the miniature compressor from DONG YUAN and a spiral-tube evaporator designed by ourselves. The performances of the prototype with different parameters were tested. The influence of ambient temperature, chilled water temperature on the performance of the cooling system were analyzed. The best operating conditions and the optimum amount of refrigerant were obtained. Conclusions were gotten as follows:1) With environment temperature rising, compression ratio increases, system power consumption increases and refrigerating capacity COP decreases. 2) With chilled water temperature rising, compression ratio and power consumption decrease, refrigerating capacity increases, and COP increases rapidly.3) Paper gets system performance: refrigerating capacity is 63 W, compressor power consumption is 24.5 W, COP value is 2.57. in operation condition: refrigerant amount is 40g, environment temperature is 30°C, chilled water temperature is 40 °C, chilled water mass flow is 45 kg/h.

Purpose: Absolute bioavailability (F) is calculated as the ratio of the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) between extravascular administration and intravenous injection. However, as distribution of a drug after intravenous administration does not reach an equilibrium in the body during the distribution phase, the plasma drug concentration at this phase does not reflect the total amount of drug in the body. The goal of this paper was to analyze the insufficiencies of the method for calculating on absolute bioavailability and to propose a modification to improve the calculation. Methods: Literature reporting absolute bioavailability published during 1983-2014 was searched for ten drug candidates. Plasma drug concentrations representing the amount of drug in the body were then calculated at each time point during the distribution phase according to the plasma drug concentration-time relationship during the elimination phase. Results: The AUC values based on the distribution equilibrium drug concentrations following intravenous injection were 75%±11% of the actually measured drug concentrations in the literature. The absolute bioavailability values in the literature were 76%±12% of the actual bioavailability based on the AUCs from distribution-equilibrium drug concentrations. Conclusions: The present method underestimates the absolute drug bioavailability and should be modified to represent the data more accurately. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

Two new complexes, [(p-cymene)RuCl(CH2OHCHNH2 (COO))] (1) and [(p-cymene)RuCl(CH3CH(OH)CHNH2(COO))] (2), respectively, have been synthesized and characterized with IR, NMR, ESI-MS, elemental analysis, and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Their crystal structures show that these new half-sandwich ruthenium (II) complexes have three-legged “piano-stool” geometry, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds were observed.

Two new half-sandwich cyclopentadienyl ruthenium(II) complexes containing α-amino acids, [CpRu(PPh3)2(Ser)] (Ser = l-serine) and [CpRu(PPh3)(Met)] (Met = l-methionine), were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical methods. Interactions of these two complexes with calf thymus DNA were investigated by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, emission spectroscopy and competitive binding studies. The results indicate that both complexes can interact with DNA, leading to the damage of the double helix. [CpRu(PPh3)2(Ser)] binds to DNA by intercalation, while the binding mode for [CpRu(PPh3)(Met)] is more complicated due to the formation of an EB-DNA-complex (EB = ethidium bromide). The affinity of the Met complex for DNA is stronger than that of the Ser complex, which could be due to groove–surface combination or electrostatic interaction in addition to intercalative binding.

Paclitaxel (taxol) is a widely used chemo-drug for many solid tumors, while continual taxol treatment is revealed to stimulate tumor dissemination. We previously found that a small molecule inhibitor of miR-21, termed AC1MMYR2, had the potential to impair tumorigenesis and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether combining AC1MMYR2 with taxol could be explored as a means to limit tumor metastasis. Here we showed that abnormal activation of miR-21/CDK5 axis was associated with breast cancer lymph node metastasis, which was also contribute to high dose taxol-induced invasion and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in both breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and glioblastoma cell line U87VIII. AC1MMYR2 attenuated CDK5 activity by functional targeting CDK5RAP1, CDK5 activator p39 and target p-FAK(ser732). A series of in vitro assays indicated that treatment of AC1MMYR2 combined with taxol suppressed tumor migration and invasion ability in both MDA-MB-231 and U87VIII cell. More importantly, combination therapy impaired high-dose taxol induced invadopodia, and EMT markers including β-catenin, E-cadherin and vimentin. Strikingly, a significant reduction of lung metastasis in mice was observed in the AC1MMYR2 plus taxol treatment. Taken together, our work demonstrated that AC1MMYR2 appeared to be a promising strategy in combating taxol induced cancer metastasis by targeting miR-21/CDK5 axis, which highlighted the potential for development of therapeutic modalities for better clinic taxol application.

The Hirota?Satsuma coupled KdV equations associated 2 ? 2 matrix spectral problem is discussed by the dressing method, which is based on the factorization of integral operator on a line into a product of two Volterra integral operators. A new solution is obtained by choosing special kernel of integral operator.

The experiment included three potassium levels (K0 0 g x kg(-1), K1 0.33 g x kg(-1), K2 0.67 g x kg(-1)) and two water gradients (well watered and drought stress), then measured growth indicators, SOD, POD, CAT activities and concents of osmotic regulation substances. To explore the effects of K fertilizer and water on growth and physiological characteristics of Isatis indigotica, providing reference for improving drought resistance of I. indigotica. The result showed drought stress inhibited the growth and decreased the biomass of I. indigotica but K fertilizer can alleviate the drought stress. Compared with K0 treatment, K1, K2 treatment increased the biomass of overground part of by 89. 13% ,60. 87% under drought stress. The corresponding increase in soluble sugar content was 16.67%, 5.00%, and in proline content was 42.41%, 65.62%, respectively. SOD,POD and CAT activities was significantly improved in K1, K2 treatment in comparison with K0 treatment under drought stress, but soluble protein content significantly reduced. The conclusion is that appropriate amount of K fertilizer can increase the activities of antioxidase and the content of osmoregulation substance under drought stress, and improve drought resistance of I. indigotica.

Background Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is considered to be an etiologic hormone in motion sickness (MS). The present study was designed to investigate whether individual differences in AVP expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and in modulation on the vestibular nucleus (VN) are involved in MS. Systemic application or microinjection of AVP into rat VN and rotatory stimulus were used to induce conditioned taste aversion (CTA) to 0.15 % saccharin sodium solution as a model of MS. Results Intra-VN use of SSR149415, an antagonist of V1b receptors (V1bRs), blunted CTA. AVP inhibited Ca2+ influxes through L-type Ca2+ channels and NMDA receptor channels in cultured VN neurones, but antagonised by SSR149415. More AVP and V1bRs were expressed respectively in the PVN and VN after rotatory stimulus, especially in rats susceptible to MS. In the VN, AVP content was low, the AVP mRNA was less expressed, a few AVP-positive fibres were sparsely distributed, and fewer AVP/synaptophysin-positive terminals were identified. Almost no fluoro-ruby-labelled AVP-positive neurones in the PVN were found with retrograde tracing from the VN. SNP analysis of the reported 9 sites of the AVP gene showed significant difference between the groups susceptible and insusceptible to MS at the site rs105235842 in the allele frequencies and genotypes. However, there was not any difference between these two groups in the SNP of the reported 38 sites of V1bR gene. Conclusions AVP, through its modulatory, possibly humoral action on the VN neurones via the mediation of V1bR, may contribute to the development of motion sickness in rats; AVP gene polymorphisms may contribute to the individual difference in the responsive expression of AVP in the PVN; and higher expressions of AVP in the PVN and V1bRs in the VN may contribute to the development of motion sickness in rats after vestibular stimulation.