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Background An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety. Methods A total of 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. Based on these methods, the criteria of hydration were established. Results Of the total sample, 81% met the hydration criteria (urine color = well hydrated, water balance ≥ 0 ml, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 ml/kg), and 19% did not meet the hydration criteria (urine color = not sufficiently hydrated or dehydrated, water balance P = 0.026), weight [(84.7 ± 10.5) vs. (80.5 ± 10.2) kg], body mass index [(26.3 ± 3.1) vs. (25.2 ± 2.8)]kg/m2, body fat [(22.3 ± 5.6) vs. (18.3 ± 6.5)] %, urine specific gravity, and urine color. Using a logistic binary regression model, hydration status was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (P = 0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidities, or medications. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (r = 0.357, P = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (r = − 0.427, P = 0.000), percentage of body fat (r = − 0.405, P = 0.000), and waist/hip ratio (r = − 0.223, P = 0.002). Based on a linear regression model, total water intake/weight was related significantly with percentage of body fat (P = 0.001) and percentage of body water content (P = 0.035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidities, or medications. Conclusions These findings all suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.

Airline pilots belong to a relatively high-income, healthy population, with sedentary behavior during their flight activity, who often eat unsuitable meals. We assessed the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and the levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in a population of airline pilot in order to study a possible relationship between the hs-CRP and MS.MS was established according to the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III. hs-CRP was classified into three categories: Low1 mg x L(-1); intermediate: 1-3 mg x L(-1); and high:3 mg x L(-1).The prevalence of MS was 14.8%. The hs-CRP level in the population studied was 1.68 +/- 1.79 mg x L(-1). hs-CRP significantly increased with age. The pilots with MS presented significantly higher hs-CRP levels (median = 1.9 with an interquartile range (IQR) = 2.5 mg x L(-1)) than the pilots without MS (median = 0.9 and IQR = 1.275 mg x L(-1)). MS significantly increased in the groups with high hs-CRP in comparison with pilots with intermediate hs-CRP levels and with those with low hs-CRP levels. A similar association was found between the levels of hs-CRP and the prevalence of MS in the three age groups. The levels of hs-CRP increased in pilots as they presented greater numbers of MS diagnostic criteria.hs-CRP rises significantly in pilots of increasing age, in pilots with MS as compared to those without the syndrome, and in pilots as they present greater numbers of MS diagnostic criteria. The prevalence of MS increased among the groups with higher levels of hs-CRP.

La compleja interaccion dinamica entre la vulnerabilidad (o diatesis) y el estres participa en numerosos trastornos. Este trabajo valora la relacion entre la hostilidad y la vulnerabilidad al estres y la repercusion en parametros biologicos de interes cardiovascular, como la proteina C reactiva (PCR) y el colesterol serico, y el sindrome metabolico (SM) en una poblacion aeronautica. A una muestra de 105 pilotos, se aplicaron cuestionarios de indice de respuesta al estres (IRE-32 de Gonzalez de Rivera) y el inventario de hostilidad de Buss-Durkee. Se determinaron colesterol total, colesterol de las lipoproteinas de baja densidad, proteina C reactiva y otros parametros que caracterizan el SM. La puntuacion media ± desviacion estandar en el nivel de hostilidad fue de 24,9 ± 6,8. La media de la vulnerabilidad al estres fue de 4,3 ± 2,8. La determinacion de PCR fue de 2,4 ± 3,3 mg/l. Hubo un incremento significativo de la PCR en sujetos que presentaron una hostilidad alta (p Los altos niveles de vulnerabilidad al estres y de hostilidad pueden contribuir a predecir el riesgo cardiovascular y metabolico, al existir probables relaciones entre ellos y algunos factores de riesgo convencionales, como el colesterol total o la concentracion de PCR, entre otros.

Artículos originales [ES] Introducción: Ácido úrico sérico y Síndrome Metabólico, son factores que se relacionan fuertemente con enfermedades cardiovasculares. Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de Síndrome Metabólico así como la concentración de Ácido úrico sérico en una población aeronáutica y determinar qué posibles relaciones muestran unos niveles normales y/o patológicos de Ácido úrico con respecto a la presencia o ausencia de Síndrome Metabólico. Material y métodos: Población de 790 pilotos de líneas aéreas, todos varones. Se siguió el criterio del National Cholesterol Education Program para el diagnóstico de Síndrome Metabólico, pero modificado, utilizándose en lugar de circunferencia cintura el índice de masa corporal. Resultados: El 25,4% de los pilotos presentaron valores elevados de Ácido Úrico. El 19,9% de los pilotos presentó Síndrome Metabólico. El riesgo de presentar Síndrome Metabólico por tener el Ácido úrico elevado frente al riesgo que presentaron los que tienen el Ácido úrico normal (razón de prevalencias) fue de 2,6 con un intervalo de confianza al 95% entre 2 y 3,4 y con una significación de p

espanolObjetivos: El sobrepeso y la obesidad, por su frecuencia y la importancia medica de las complicaciones que conllevan, se han estudiado bajo muchos aspectos por su complejidad y heterogeneidad. El presente trabajo trata de estudiar en una muestra de 123 sujetos pertenecientes al sector aereo (pilotos, controladores y tripulantes aereos) los siguientes aspectos: 1) Influencia del indice de masa corporal (IMC) en los niveles de proteina C reactiva (PCR); 2) Frecuencia del Sindrome Metabolico (SM) en la muestra seleccionada; 3) Relacion entre la presencia de SM y los niveles de PCR; 4) valoracion del nivel de PCR en funcion del numero de criterios de SM; 5) Por ultimo, algunas consideraciones bajo el punto de vista psiquiatrico de los resultados, segun la literatura consultada. Material y metodos: A la muestra aleatoria seleccionada de 123 sujetos se les valoro los datos antropometricos (peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, IMC y tension arterial sistolica y diastolica), y se les determino en suero el nivel de colesterol total, lipoproteinas de alta densidad (HDL), glucosa y trigliceridos, asi como la PCR por metodos ultrasensibles. Resultados: Los resultados reflejaron una frecuencia de 36,5 % de individuos que cumplian los criterios de SM. Asi mismo, se observo un incremento significativo de los niveles de PCR, que estaba relacionado con el numero de criterios utilizados en el diagnostico del mismo, asi como un incremento de la PCR en aquellos sujetos con sobrepeso u obesidad con respecto a los sujetos con peso normal. Conclusiones: La PCR, como respuesta a un status inflamatorio, puede ayudarnos como marcador de comorbilidad de SM y de sujetos con sobrepeso y/o obesidad, y sugerirnos la existencia de una base inflamatoria que pueda tener influencia en el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, metabolicas o en la aparicion de trastornos psiquiatricos (sobre todo de tipo depresivo) y su posible aplicacion terapeutica. EnglishObjectives: Overweight and obesity has been studied under a lot point of views because of the high incidence, heterogeneity and medical complications. In this paper, the total number of subjects (n= 123) were selected from a Spanish population (airline pilots, air traffic controllers and other crew members) in order to investigate: 1) Association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels; 2) Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS); 3) Relationship between MS and CRP levels; 4) Relationship between CRP levels and number of diagnostic criteria of MS; 5) Finally, some considerations under the psychiatric point of view are made based on the results and current literature. Methods: The sample consists of 123 subjects. Anthropometric values, blood pressure, CRP concentration and other medical and metabolic parameters (triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, glucose, cholesterol), were calculated according to the standard procedures. Results: The incidence of MS was 36.5%, they all had a high level of CRP. There were relations between the number of diagnostic criteria of MS and CRP serum level. Obesity and overweight have been found to exhibit increased CRP serum level too. Conclusions: CRP is an inflammatory parameter that can helps us to suspect co-morbidity of MS among overweight and obesity population. Increased levels of CRP suggests that there may be a common inflammatory mechanism that can lead to developing cardiovascular, metabolic and psychiatric diseases. Treatment implications are considered.