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The digital transformation in agriculture introduces new challenges in terms of data, knowledge and technology adoption due to critical interoperability issues, and also challenges regarding the identification of the most suitable data sources to be exploited and the information models that must be used. DEMETER (Building an Interoperable, Data-Driven, Innovative and Sustainable European Agri-Food Sector) addresses these challenges by providing an overarching solution that integrates various heterogeneous hardware and software resources (e.g., devices, networks, platforms) and enables the seamless sharing of data and knowledge throughout the agri-food chain. This paper introduces the main concepts of DEMETER and its reference architecture to address the data sharing and interoperability needs of farmers, which is validated via two rounds of 20 large-scale pilots along the DEMETER lifecycle. This paper elaborates on the two pilots carried out in region of Murcia in Spain, which target the arable crops sector and demonstrate the benefits of the deployed DEMETER reference architecture.

As prices on renewable energy electricity generation and storage technologies decrease, previous standard home energy end-users are also becoming producers (prosumers). Together with the increase of Smart Home automation and the need to manage the energy-related interaction between home energy consumers and Smart Grid through different Demand Response approaches, home energy management becomes a complex and multi-faceted problem, calling for an extensible, interoperable and secure solution. This work proposes a modular architecture for building a Smart Home Energy Management System, integrable with existing Home Automation Systems, that considers the use of standard interfaces for data communication, the implementation of security measures for the integration of the different components, as well as the use of semantic web technologies to integrate knowledge and build on it. Our proposal is finally validated through implementation in one real smart home test-bed, evaluating the system from a functional standpoint to demonstrate its ability to support our goals.

During the summer of 2018, there was high incidence of fruit rots of cantaloupe melons (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis) in Murcia province, south-eastern Spain. The fruits showed development of whitish mycelium and pulp softening. Morphological and molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (RPB2) genes confirmed Fusarium annulatum as the causal agent of the disease. A phylogenetic study indicated that F. annulatum is in the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC). Pathogenicity of the isolate was determined on healthy fruit verifying Koch’s postulates. The first symptoms of fruit rot were observed 3 d after inoculations at 28ºC. Fruit infections only occurred in artificially wounded melons, and F. annulatum was re-isolated from the wounds. This disease appeared after fruit harvesting, and could generate substantial economic losses mainly in fruit destined for foreign markets due to long transportation times. This is the first report of melon fruit rot caused by F. annulatum in Spain.

DNN processing on image streams has opened the possibility for new and innovative applications. Some of those would benefit from performing the computation locally, avoiding incurring into latencies due to data travelling to image processing services in the cloud, and thus allowing for faster response times. New devices like the GPU-accelerated NVIDIA Jetson family, such as the Jetson Nano, are capable of running modern DNN image processing models, offering an affordable, powerful and scalable local alternative to cloud processing. Performing local image processing can also benefit security and even GDPR compliance, potentially easing the deployment of this solutions. Not only that, but local image processing can also bring the possibility of applying these techniques in areas with reduced connectivity, where cloud-based solutions are unfeasible. In this work, we propose an architecture for the orchestration of DNN accelerated image processing on IoT devices, based on FogFlow; an orchestration platform capable of leveraging cloud and edge resources. FogFlow is part of the FIWARE initiative and is based in the NGSI family of standards, widely applied in Smart City, Smart Building and Smart Home solutions, making it an easy-to-integrate technology.

The growing availability of mobile devices has lead to an arising development of smart cities services that share a huge amount of (personal) information and data. Without accurate and verified management, they could become severe back-doors for security and privacy. In this paper, we propose a smart city infrastructure able to integrate a distributed privacy-preserving identity management solution based on attribute-based credentials (p-ABC), a user-centric Consent Manager, and a GDPR-based Access Control mechanism so as to guarantee the enforcement of the GDPR’s provisions. Thus, the infrastructure supports the definition of specific purpose, collection of data, regulation of access to personal data, and users’ consents, while ensuring selective and minimal disclosure of personal information as well as user’s unlinkability across service and identity providers. The proposal has been implemented, integrated, and evaluated in a fully-fledged environment consisting of MiMurcia, the Smart City project for the city of Murcia, CaPe, an industrial consent management system, and GENERAL_D, an academic GDPR-based access control system, showing the feasibility.

Introducción y Objetivos: La necesidad de insulinización transitoria es frecuente en pacientes diabéticos que reciben tratamiento esteroideo de forma aguda y a dosis decrecientes. Son en general, personas de edad avanzada, en tratamiento con hipoglucemiantes orales y con escasa formación en autoanálisis lo que dificulta el ajuste de la dosis de insulina tras la insulinización hospitalaria, produciendo una inseguridad y necesidad de ayuda los días posteriores al alta hospitalaria. Detectada esta necesidad clínica nos propusimos realizar una tutela mediante telemedicina utilizando el programa informático de la historia clínica compartida E-Osabide, carpeta de salud, que permite interactuar con el paciente a través del apartado dudas con tu médico. Se valoró: - La idoneidad del circuito propuesto, y del programa E-Osabide para el ajuste del tratamiento de cara a conseguir un control metabólico adecuado y evitar complicaciones agudas. - El grado de satisfacción de los pacientes con estas consultas no presenciales. - Número de consultas presenciales evitadas. Pacientes y método: Se realizó seguimiento mediante carpeta de salud a 25 pacientes diabéticos que han precisado tratamiento con esteroides y de forma secundaria ajuste de su tratamiento. De ellos 16 no se inyectaban previamente insulina. Recibieron educación diabetológica en medio hospitalario. A todos ellos se les propuso seguimiento para ajuste de la insulinoterapia mediante consultas no presenciales a través de carpeta de salud. Tras la firma del consentimiento informado, se instruyó a los pacientes o familiares en el manejo de carpeta de salud, solicitud de claves de acceso y manejo del apartado dudas con tu médico. Los pacientes tenían libertad en la elección de la frecuencia del envío de sus controles o consultas. Resultados: El seguimiento medio de los pacientes ha sido de 6 semanas y el número medio de consultas por paciente ha sido 4. De los 25 pacientes que iniciaron el tratamiento con esteroides 3 de ellos no lo pudieron suspender por persistir la patología oncológica. El resto, ha seguido una terapia esteroidea con dosis decrecientes de corticoides hasta su suspensión. El perfil de paciente de nuestra cohorte, es un varón (14 varones y 11 mujeres) de edad media 71 años y con enfermedad oncológica. En los pacientes previamente no insulinodependientes, pudo suspenderse la insulinoterapia en trece de ellos. La dosis media inicial de insulina ha sido 32 unidades. La dosis media inicial de esteroides ha sido de 22 mg de prednisona y 8 de dexametasona. En los pacientes no insulinizados, se necesitaron inicialmente entre 2 y 3 dosis de insulina para conseguir un adecuado control glucémico. Se valoró como complicación aguda la hipoglucemia. El número de hipoglucemias registrado por los pacientes ha sido escaso, en general el control durante la corticoterapia permanecieron en niveles de glucemia superiores a 150 mg/dl. Se documentaron 9 hipoglucemias leves y ninguna severa. No se ha registrado ningún caso de cetoacidosis diabética ni descompensación hiperosmolar. Se realizó un cuestionario de satisfacción a los pacientes que confirmó un alto grado de satisfacción con esta estrategia de seguimiento no presencial.

Introducción: La U.de diabetes fue creada como modelo de integración entre los distintos niveles de salud para dar una respuesta integral al paciente diabético La componen los servicios de nefrología, endocrinología, EED, pie diabético y rehabilitación y traumatología, todo ello coordinado por una EGC. Material y métodos: Estudio realizado en las áreas de salud de la comarca de Guipúzcoa. Se crearon circuitos de derivación de interconsultas a través de “osabide global “programa que permite intercambio de archivos además de interconsultas entre distintos niveles de salud, el circuito permite también derivar entre los distintos servicios que componen la unidad. La EGC realiza un cribaje de las interconsultas según algoritmos de gravedad clasificándolas como: ü No presencial (iC contestadas de forma on line sin presencia del paciente a través del programa. ü Presenciales: pacientes que tiene que acudir al centro hospitalario, siempre citadas según criterios de gravedad. Como outcomes de comorbilidad se midieron: Primarios: ü Mejora esperada en HBAC1 ü Disminución o estabilización de la progresión de la nefropatía (albumina , proteinuria, FG) ü Disminución de amputaciones mayores Secundarios: ü Satisfacción percibida por el paciente con el servicio ü Disminución de visitas a urgencias Resultados:Desde su creación se han cribado por la EGC un total de 5269 interconsultas de las cuales han sido derivadas: 1605 pie diabético, 1169 nefrología, 1872 endocrino, 623 enfermera educadora y 43 rehabilitación. El 98% han sido contestadas dentro del periodo de respuesta pactado y el 95% citada en base a los algoritmos establecidos. 529 (10´03%) se han contestado de forma no presencial siendo la mayoría dudas de tratamiento y 4740 han sido presenciales de las cuales 1664 (35´10%) han sido vistas en más de un servicio simultáneamente. Como datos preliminares de comorbilidad han sido analizado una muestra obtenida en el periodo Enero 2015-Diciembre 2017. Amputaciones mayores se realizaron 9/ 250 pacientes en 2015, 20/362 2016 y 17/293 en 2017 Los 629 pacientes analizados en endocrino presentan HGAC1 basal media de 8´7%, 7´5% a los 3 meses 7´7 a los 6 meses y 7´6 a los 12 meses Tras analizar la muestra de los pacientes con nefropatía estos presentan cifras de progresión de la nefropatía similar a la descrita por la bibliografía en los estudios publicados. Las visitas de nuestros pacientes a urgencias se han disminuido ya que se ha creado un circuito de derivación directa a nuestra unidad. La satisfacción de nuestros pacientes medidas por nuestra unidad de calidad muestra unas buenas cifras en las encuestas realizadas. Conclusión: El papel de la EGC mejora la integración entre los distintos niveles de salud dando respuesta de forma eficaz según algoritmos de gravedad a todas la interconsultas que se realizan a través del circuito logrando una atención integral al paciente diabético y parece mejorar outcomes finales de comorbilidades este grupo de pacientes.

Academic institutions dedicate a substantial effort to ensure the academic success of their students. At the course level, teachers recommend learning paths (RLPs) for students to guarantee the achievement of their learning outcomes. In terms of performance, these kinds of approaches are deemed more effective than others based uniquely on performing a collection of independent activities. However, there is neither systematic means to validate if following the learning path (LP) is effective, nor to assess whether and to what extent students adhere to these recommendations. This article introduces a novel technique for modeling recommended LPs, including not only an evaluation of path utility, but also a quantitative measure of student adherence thereto using process mining, and more precisely, log skeletons. Following an event abstraction process regarding real student-recorded activity, a scoping process is employed to retain the trajectories that adhere to the prescribed LP. The method based on process mining is translated into practice by considering an online university mathematics course. Results confirm the applicability of the method and, in this case, reveal that adhering to the suggested path correlates positively with final grades. Few students strictly follow the prescribed LP, although the vast majority support it. The method can be easily applied to overcome several challenges associated with enhancing academic performance from the learning analytics perspective.

We propose a new harvesting approach for Vehicular Sensor Networks based on compressed sensing (CS) technology called Compressed Sensing-based Vehicular Data Harvesting (CS-VDH). This compression technology allows for the reduction of the information volume that nodes must send back to the fusion center and also an accurate recovery of the original data, even in absence of several original measurements. Our proposed method, thanks to a proper design of a delay function, orders the transmission of these measurements, being the nodes farther from the fusion center, the ones starting this transmission. This way, intermediate nodes are more likely to introduce their measurements in a packet traversing the network and to apply the CS technology. This way the contribution is twofold, adding different measurements to traversing packets, we reduce the total overload of the network, and also reducing the size of the packets thanks to the applied compression technology. We evaluate our solution by using ns-2 simulations in a realistic vehicular environment generated by SUMO, a well-known traffic simulator tool in the Vehicular Network domain. Our simulations show that CS-VDH outperforms Delay-Bounded Vehicular Data Gathering (DB-VDG), a well-known protocol for data gathering in vehicular sensor networks which considers a specific delay bound. We also evaluated the proper design of our delay function, as well as the accuracy in the reconstruction of the original data. Regarding this latter topic, our experiments proved that our proposed solution can recover sampled data with little error while still reducing the amount of information traveling through the vehicular network.

Although current estimates depict steady growth in Internet of Things (IoT), many works portray an as yet immature technology in terms of security. Attacks using low performance devices, the application of new technologies and data analysis to infer private data, lack of development in some aspects of security offer a wide field for improvement. The advent of Semantic Technologies for IoT offers a new set of possibilities and challenges, like data markets, aggregators, processors and search engines, which rise the need for security. New regulations, such as GDPR, also call for novel approaches on data-security, covering personal data. In this work, we present DS4IoT, a data-security ontology for IoT, which covers the representation of data-security concepts with the novel approach of doing so from the perspective of data and introducing some new concepts such as regulations, certifications and provenance, to classical concepts such as access control methods and authentication mechanisms. In the process we followed ontological methodologies, as well as semantic web best practices, resulting in an ontology to serve as a common vocabulary for data annotation that not only distinguishes itself from previous works by its bottom-up approach, but covers new, current and interesting concepts of data-security, favouring implicit over explicit knowledge representation. Finally, this work is validated by proof of concept, by mapping the DS4IoT ontology to the NGSI-LD data model, in the frame of the IoTCrawler EU project.

Tomando como base de análise as gravações de conversas espontâneas em linguagem de jovens realizadas no âmbito do projecto Corpus Oral del Lenguaje Adolescente (COLA), o presente trabalho, numa perspectiva da Pragmática variacional, pretende comparar a utilização que os jovens de Madrid e de Buenos Aires fazem de alguns marcadores conversacionais de controlo de contacto. Comparam-se os marcadores utilizados, aprofundam-se as funções dos mesmos e determina-se a frequência de cada um, assim como a sua proporção por cada mil palavras (pmp). Presta-se igualmente atenção à utilização que é feita destes marcadores em função do sexo do emissor e do receptor a quem este se dirige, bem como à posição que cada um dos marcadores analisados ocupa nos enunciados em que aparece. O resultado da análise destaca que a variação na lista dos marcadores não só é determinada ou infl uenciada pelas características do falante, mas também pelas dos interlocutores aos quais a mensagem se dirige.Palavras-chave: Linguística de corpus, linguística contrastiva, linguagem dos jovens, vocativos, marcadores discursivos de controlo de contacto.

The deep ocean is the largest and least known ecosystem on Earth. It hosts numerous pelagic organisms, most of which are able to emit light. Here we present a unique data set consisting of a 2.5-year long record of light emission by deep-sea pelagic organisms, measured from December 2007 to June 2010 at the ANTARES underwater neutrino telescope in the deep NW Mediterranean Sea, jointly with synchronous hydrological records. This is the longest continuous time-series of deep-sea bioluminescence ever recorded. Our record reveals several weeks long, seasonal bioluminescence blooms with light intensity up to two orders of magnitude higher than background values, which correlate to changes in the properties of deep waters. Such changes are triggered by the winter cooling and evaporation experienced by the upper ocean layer in the Gulf of Lion that leads to the formation and subsequent sinking of dense water through a process known as "open-sea convection". It episodically renews the deep water of the study area and conveys fresh organic matter that fuels the deep ecosystems. Luminous bacteria most likely are the main contributors to the observed deep-sea bioluminescence blooms. Our observations demonstrate a consistent and rapid connection between deep open-sea convection and bathypelagic biological activity, as expressed by bioluminescence. In a setting where dense water formation events are likely to decline under global warming scenarios enhancing ocean stratification, in situ observatories become essential as environmental sentinels for the monitoring and understanding of deep-sea ecosystem shifts.

El presente estudio tiene como propósito general medir la relevancia del enfoque por competencias en las prácticas de enseñanza en la formación técnico profesional en la República Dominicana. Se centra en dos instituciones de educación técnico profesional: el Instituto Técnico Superior Comunitario (ITSC) y el Instituto Nacional de Formación Técnico Profesional (Infotep). Los participantes del estudio fueron integrantes del estudiantado y del equipo docente de ambos institutos. Los resultados muestran que tanto el ITSC como el Infotep tienen una alta valoración en el rango de indicadores medidos dentro de la categoría de aspectos pedagógicos.

Today, it is difficult to have a high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) device due to the high cost of its acquisition and maintenance. These high-end machines require significant space and specialist personnel for operation and offer exceptional quality in the acquisition, processing, and other advanced functions associated with detected signals. However, alternative devices are low-field nuclear magnetic resonance devices. They benefit from the elimination of high-tech components that generate static magnetic fields and advanced instruments. Instead, they used magnetic fields induced by ordinary conductors. Another category of spectrometers uses the Earth’s magnetic field, which is simple and economical but limited in use. These devices are called Earth-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (EFNMR) devices. This device is ideal for educational purposes, especially for engineers and those who study nuclear magnetic resonance, such as chemistry or other experimental sciences. Students can observe their internal workings and conduct experiments that complement their education without worrying about damaging equipment. This article provides a detailed explanation of the design and construction of electrical technology devices for the excitation of atomic spin resonance using Earth’s magnetic fields. It covers all necessary stages, from research to analysis, including simulation, assembly, construction of each component, and the development of comprehensive software for spectrometer control.

La investigación en psicología ha mostrado que tendemos a dar mayor veracidad a aquella información que recibimos de manera repetida y reiterada. Este sesgo cognitivo, denominado efecto de ilusión de verdad o de verdad ilusoria, se basa en la mayor facilidad que tenemos los seres humanos para procesar cognitivamente la información que nos resulta familiar. En este artículo se describe este sesgo cognitivo y su relación con la propagación de noticias falsas en determinados contextos y acontecimientos sociohistóricos, como instrumento para confundir y manipular a la opinión pública. Entre estos acontecimientos podemos citar las mentiras difundidas por la Administración Bush en 2003 en torno a la supuesta posesión de armas de destrucción masiva por parte de Irak; el uso indiscriminado de fakes por el expresidente de los Estados Unidos, Donald Trump; la campaña de distribución de información falsa por parte del independentismo catalán; y la propagación incontrolada de fakes y bulos en nuestro país durante la pandemia de COVID-19