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A new natural mycotoxin was isolated from the fermentation broth of Trichoderma sp. Jing-8 and the structure was determined as alternariol 1′-hydroxy-9-methyl ether (1), together with twelve known compounds. The structures were elucidated on the basis of their 1D, 2D NMR spectra and mass spectrometric data. Compounds 1, 8 and 9 indicated inhibitions against germination of the seeds of cabbage with MICs 1 showed the antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with MICs at 64 μg/mL. Compound 1 and 3 showed significant DPPH radical-scavenging activities with IC50 at 12 μg/mL, respectively. The OH at C-1′ in compound 1 decreased the cytotoxicity of these mycotoxins. A primary structure–activity relationship about the alternariol derivatives was discussed. Compounds 2–7 and 8 were the first time to be isolated from the Trichoderma.

Background and Objective: Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) can lead to inflammation, multiple system immune damage, and mixed infection in children. The pathogenesis is still unclear. Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL) oral liquid can treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms supporting its clinical application still lags behind due to the lack of researches. It is difficult to understand the overall sensitization mechanism of SHL oral liquid. The purpose is to explain the mechanism of action of drugs in this study, which is useful to ensure the safety of medication for children. Methods: The therapeutic mechanism of SHL oral liquid was investigated by a system pharmacology approach integrating drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, ADMET, protein-protein interaction worknet, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database pathway performance, C-T-P network construction and molecular docking. Results: A total of 18 active ingredients contained in SHL oral liquid and 53 major proteins were screened out as effective players in the treatment of M. pneumoniae disease through some related pathways and molecular docking. The majority of targets, hubs and pathways were highly related to anti-mycoplasma therapy, immunity and inflammation process. Conclusions: This study shows that the anti-bacterial effect of SHL oral liquid has multicomponent, multi-target and multi-pathway phenomena. The proposed approach may provide a feasible tool to clarify the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines and further develop their therapeutic potentials.

Neopeapyran ( 1 ), an unusual furo[2,3 b ]pyran analogue, together with a new cyclopeptide, turnagainolide C ( 2 ), were isolated from Streptomyces sp. S2236 associated with the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng . The planar structure and relative configuration of neopeapyran ( 1 ) were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques, while the absolute configuration was determined by TDDFT calculation. The absolute configuration of turnagainolide C ( 2 ) was determined by partial hydrolysis, together with the advanced Marfey's method and spectroscopic analysis. The antimicrobial activities of these two compounds were also investigated.

Three chalcone derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of acetophenone with dimethylamino benzaldehyde, vanillin, diphenyl formaldehyde, respectively. The results showed that: A yield of 80.4% was obtained by the reaction of acetophenone and dimethylamino benzaldehyde in ethanol as solvent, 10% NaOH solution as catalyst at room temperature. A yield of 25.0% was obtained by the reaction of acetophenone and vanillin in ethanol as solvent, a mixed glacial acetic acid and hydrochloric acid as the catalyst, adding 10% KOH solution for dehydration by heating after the reaction at room temperature. A yield of 76.3% was obtained by the reaction of acetophenone and diphenyl formaldehyde in ethanol as solvent, 10% NaOH solution as catalyst at room temperature. Acid was used as the appropriate catalyst when chalcone derivatives were synthesized by aldehyde with hydroxy.

In this article, the CdS and CdS/ZnO quantum dots (QDs) were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. The optimal reaction conditions of CdS/ZnO QDs were obtained through experiment as follows: the pH value of solution is 10.0, the reaction temperature is 140 °C and reaction time is 24 h. While the pH value is up to10.0, Zinc ion exist in solution with Zn (OH)2 and Zn (OH)42-, which is apt to adsorb on the surface of CdS, and form to ZnO shell under the hydrothermal condition, so CdS/ZnO QDs are synthesized successfully. The photographic images and fluorescence emission spectra results showed that the colour and the peak position of fluorescence spectra of CdS/ZnO QDs is consistent with literatures, which confirming the feasibility of this method.

From the point of view of quantum mechanics, Harmonic oscillator model was established for analysis of the microscopic mechanism for effect of the laser to the Seed of Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.)Hand.-Mazz. The energy levels of the protein molecule can be reduced by laser radiating seeds which increased the transition probabilities and to advance the activity of the seeds. The protein single non-harmonic oscillator model was built for further research, and the chemical reaction rate formula of protein molecules by laser radiation was obtained. Its explained the laser stimulation and inhibition to the seeds which is the energy unidirectional response.

Azimuth estimate is easily affected by noise and multipah during acoustic transmission in Ultra Short Base Line (USBL). To solve this problem, a new array with eight hydrophones and signal processing method are presented and analyzed. With the help of redundant hydrophones, various results could be obtained. Compared with the standard deviations of various results, correct one would be picked out. Lake experiment proved that wrong azimuth estimate was effectively eliminated and the positioning performance was improved.

With water as the medium, PVP as stabilizer and ammonia as complexing agents and adjusting pH value of the solution, we report an all-aqueous synthesis of highly photoluminescent and stable ZnS quantum dots (QDs) by water-phase synthesis reaction between ZnCl2 and NaS at different temperatures and times. The optimal reaction conditions of PVP-capped ZnS QDs were obtained through experiment as follows: the concentration ZnCl2 and NaS solution both are 1 mM, (PVP):(ZnCl2) = 0.0167 (v/v), (NH3):(ZnCl2)=1:300 (v/v), the optimal reaction temperature is 40 °C, the optimal reaction time is 30 min. With ammonia as complexing agents, Zn(OH)2 can dissolve in ammonia and form to complex ions ((Zn(NH3)4)2+), which make Zn2+ release slowly to control the nucleus growth rate of ZnS, thus obtain small size of nanoparticles. The fluorescence spectra shows that the emission peaks of ZnS QDs around ~395 nm and ~470 nm on the emission spectra, which are consistent with literatures, so nano-ZnS QDs was synthesized successfully in this paper.

The type I collagen was used to prepare self-assembly film, the UV-vis spectrophotometer and Fluorescence spectrophotometer were employed to characterize those self-assembly films. The Fe (NO3)3 and CuSO4 were used as the additive to investigate the effect of the type I collagen film. It was found that the character spectra of collagen solution and self-assembly film were different, the Fe (NO3)3 enhanced the 408nm fluorescence emission peak, and CuSO4 caused a new emission peak at 399nm. The changes in the fluorescence of films suggest that the metal salt could affect the type I collagen self-assembly.

Five compounds of 4-(3-Chlorophenylamino)-6-methoxy quinazoline compounds, including 7-(3-(o-tolyloxy)propoxy)-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxyquinazolin-4-amine,7-(3-(m-tolyloxy) propoxy)-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxyquinazolin-4-amine,7-(3-(p-tolyloxy)propoxy)-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxyquinazolin-4-amine,7-(3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propoxy)-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxyquinazolin-4-amine,7-(3-phenoxypropoxy)-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxyquinazolin-4-amine,were synthesized from N′-(5-(3-chloropropoxy)-2-cyano- 4-methoxyphenyl)- N, N-dimethylformamidine by cyclization，etheration, in the yield of 68.3%、53.8%、61.4%、75.6% and 87.4% respectively. Their structures were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS and elemental analysis.

Neopeapyran ( 1 ), an unusual furo[2,3 b ]pyran analogue, together with a new cyclopeptide, turnagainolide C ( 2 ), were isolated from Streptomyces sp. S2236 associated with the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng . The planar structure and relative configuration of neopeapyran ( 1 ) were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques, while the absolute configuration was determined by TDDFT calculation. The absolute configuration of turnagainolide C ( 2 ) was determined by partial hydrolysis, together with the advanced Marfey's method and spectroscopic analysis. The antimicrobial activities of these two compounds were also investigated.

Hypocrellin A is organic dyes with more superior visible light performance, which has resistant tumor activity and becomes widely accepted. In this paper, acetone is used as solvent to extract, separate and purify the hypocrellin A. With ZnCl2 and Na2S as raw material, ZnS Quantum dots (QDs) were prepared by water-phase synthesis method under the role of the magnetic stirrer. Fluorescence detection results showed that the optimum pH of the ZnS QDs and HA solution close to neutral (6.86). The fluorescence quenching of hypocrellin A is most obvious as the ZnS QDs was added, because of the strong interaction was generated between HA and ZnS QDs, resulting in the fluorescence quenching.

Ultrasonic extraction and purification using solid-phase microextraction column for the determination of 7 types of organochlorine pesticides including α, β, γ, δ-BHC, 2,4 '-DDT, 4,4'-DDT and heptachlor from the Saussrrea cotus were investigated in this study. The pretreatment of Saussrrea cotus samples, the effect of different ultrasonic time on the extraction efficiency and the effect of different ratio of dichloromethane: petroleum ether on purification efficiency were studied. Results show that the satisfactory extraction conditions for pre-treatment process are: 30 minutes ultrasonic treatment; the volume ratio of dichloromethane and petroleum ether mixture is 3:7.

UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching measurements have been employed to study electron transfer from excited Hypocrellin A (HA) into the conduction band of a colloidal ZnO semiconductor. The adsorption of HA on the surface of ZnO colloidal particles and the electron transfer process from its singlet excited state to the conduction band of colloidal ZnO semiconductor were examined under experimental conditions. Exciting HA with visible light could induce electron transfer from its singlet excited state into conduction band of colloidal ZnO semiconductor. Adsorption of HA onto the surface of colloidal ZnO semiconductor extended its absorption spectrum further into the visible region, the quenching behavior were observed as the colloidal ZnO semiconductor was added and determined by fluorescence quenching method.

Corrosion behavior in Zn and Zn-55Al baths were investigated on a Fe-based alloy, which was design to apply to hot-dip production lines as the anti-corrosion alloy. The results reveal that the Fe-based alloy shows excellent corrosion resistance both in pure zinc bath and Zn-55Al bath. And the reaction rate and intermetallic phase formation vary in different bath. In pure zinc bath, the intermetallic phases form on the Fe-base alloy is chiefly Fe-Zn phases contains Γ, δ and ζ phases. In Zn-55Al bath, the Fe-based alloy is comprised of Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 phases, and the outer layer is from bath itself. The more thickness the layer of Fe2Al5 phase, the more corrosion resistance of the alloy.

To establish the solid three-dimensional fluorescence fingerprint spectra for the main root and branch root of Panax notoginseng.With the Xuesaitong power as a control, the solid three-dimensional fluorescence technique was employed to establish the fingerprint spectra.The fluorescence peaks of Xuesaitong power were at 230 nm/330 nm,280 nm/660 nm,300 nm/340 nm, 370 nm/590 nm, 440 nm/550 nm, and 490 nm/610 nm. Among of them, the 300 nm/340 nm peak was the strongest. The fluorescence peaks of Panax notoginseng main root power were at 230 nm/340 nm,290 nm/340 nm,370 nm/480 nm,and 430 nm/540 nm. Among of them, the peak at 290 nm/340 nm was the strongest. The branch root of Panax notoginseng was at 280 nm/450 nm,290 nm/350 nm and 350 nm/440 nm,and the peak at 350 nm/440 nm was the strongest. All of them had the peak at 290-300 nm/340-350 nm, this peak was the strongest in Xuesaitong and Panax notoginseng main root power, but 350 nm/440 nm was the strongest in the branch root of Panax notoginseng. Only the peak at 230 nm/330-340 nm was not detected in the branch root of Panax notoginseng.The solid three-dimensional fluorescence fingerprints spectra are established. Using peaks at 290-300 nm/340-350 nm and 230 nm/330-340 nm as characteristics of the fluorescence peak can efficiently identify main root and branch root of Panax notoginseng.

A new alkylamine derivative and a common fatty acid were isolated from Streptomyces sp. YIM 66142. On the basis of spectral data, including HRMS, NMR and 2D NMR, their structures were determined as medelamine C (1) and isomyristic acid (2). The omega-hydroxyl group in structure 1 is rare in a natural alkylamine. The possible biosynthetic pathway in the genus Streptomyces from isomyristic acid (2) to medelamines is proposed. Compound 1 showed no obvious cytotoxicity against HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, SW480 cell lines. The omega-hydroxyl and the acetyl at NH in compound 1 decreased its cytotoxicity in comparison with that of medelamine.

A new daidzein derivative, 1″-O-methyl-8-hydroxymethyl-daidzein (1) was isolated from Streptomyces sp. YIM 65408 in soybean powder containing medium. The structure was elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic analyses. The radical-scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of compound 1 were also investigated, and 1 was found to be more active than daidzein in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method with IC50 at 0.60 mmol/L, but no cytotoxicity of 1 against HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480 cell lines was shown. The possible biosynthesis pathway from daidzein (2) to compound 1 was proposed.

In the present paper, the authors prepared all the samples by the same method, and optimized the work conditions for flame qtomic absorption spectrometry. FAAS was applied to determine the trace elements, such as Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg, Se etc, in Elsholtzia bodineri Vaniot. from Mengzi, Shiping, Mile and Jianshui located in Honghe state. The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and allows simultaneous determination of many elements. The recoveries were in the range of 98.7%-116.4%, and RSD was 0.07%-1.69%. The contents of Pb, Cd and Hg were 53.47, 6.03 and 7.68 microg x g(-1), respectively, in the sample from Jianshui, and were higher than those from other areas. The content of Mn was the highest, and was higher in Mengzi than in other areas, and the average content in the four samples was 913.48 microg x g(-1), which was higher than the content in the soil. Fe is the semi-microelement whose average content in Elsholtzia bodineri Vaniot. from Honghe was 688.46 microg x g(-1), the high-to-low content sequence of Fe in terms of location was Mengzi, Mile, Shiping and Jianshui. The average content of Zn was 116.64 microg x g(-1), and the highest one was from Shiping. But we did not obtain the data of Se in the Elsholtzia bodineri Vaniot. from Honghe state by AAS, and did not detect Hg in samples from Shiping and Mile. The content of the detected elements in Mengzi's sample had the sequence as follows; MnFeZnPbCuCrCdHgSe, while the sequence was MnFeZnPbCuHgCdCrSe in the sample of Jianshui, MnFeZ nPbCuCdCrHgSe in Shiping, and FeMnZnPbCuCdCrHgSe in Mile. The results show that the content of the trace elements is high, especially, Mn, Fe and Zn, in Elsholtzia bodineri Vaniot. in Honghe. Therefore, Elsholtzia bodineri Vaniot., which can be used as drug or beverage, is worth exploitation.

A new alkylamine derivative and a common fatty acid were isolated from Streptomyces sp. YIM 66142. On the basis of spectral data, including HRMS, NMR and 2D NMR, their structures were determined as medelamine C (1) and isomyristic acid (2). The ω-hydroxyl group in structure 1 is rare in a natural alkylamine. The possible biosynthetic pathway in the genus Streptomyces from isomyristic acid (2) to medelamines is proposed. Compound 1 showed no obvious cytotoxicity against HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, SW480 cell lines. The ω-hydroxyl and the acetyl at NH in compound 1 decreased its cytotoxicity in comparison with that of medelamine.

Three alkaloids, flavensomycinoic acid (1), a linear polyketide, alpiniamide (2), and cyclo (L-Trp-L-Ala) (3), were isolated from the culture filtrate of endophytic Streptomyces sp. YIM66017 from Alpinia oxyphylla. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and the structure of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 1 was isolated from a natural source for the first time, and compound 2 is a new compound. Compound 1 showed cytotoxicity to MCF-7 with an IC 50 value of 17.0 μM.