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Porous liquids (PLs), an emerging porous material with permanent cavities, have attracted extensive attention in recent years. However, the current construction methods are complicated and resulting PLs possess high viscosity values, which cannot meet the requirements of practical industrial applications. Herein, we demonstrate a generalizable and simple strategy to prepare type III PLs with low viscosity based on the rule of "like dissolves like". Specifically, the monoglycidyl ether terminated polydimethylsiloxane (denoted by E-PDMS) is attached to the surface of Universitetet i Oslo (UiO)-66-NH2 via covalent linkage, constructing the pore generator (UiO-66-NH2-E-PDMS, denoted by P-UiO-66). Then, P-UiO-66 is dispersed into different types and amounts of sterically hindered solvents (PDMS400 or PDMS6000), obtaining a series of type III PLs (denoted by P-UiO-66-PLs) with permanent cavities and low viscosities. The gas sorption-desorption test shows that P-UiO-66-PLs have an enormous potential for CO2/N2 selective separation. Besides, the porosity of P-UiO-66-PLs and the CO2 sorption mechanism are demonstrated by molecular simulation. Furthermore, the generality of the synthesis strategy is confirmed by the successful construction of PLs using two other amino-metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) (MIL-53(Al)-NH2 and MIL-88B(Fe)-NH2). Importantly, it's worth noting that the strategy based on the rule of "like dissolves like" sheds light on the preparation of other types of PLs for task-specific applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous liquids (PLs), a new class of materials with permanent pores and macroscopic flowing behaviors, have attracted much attention for CO2 capture. However, the preparation of PLs is always complicated, which is not suitable for the scale-up. Herein, we propose a rather simple and feasible strategy based on post-synthetic modification of pore generators and the like-dissolves-like principle to synthesize UiO-66-PLs with low-viscosity. To be specific, the metal–organic framework (MOF) UiO-66 with hydroxyl groups (denoted UiO-66-OH) was modified by an organosilane (denoted KH550 or SID) via a post-synthetic modification method, obtaining the pore generator UiO-66-OS (denoted UiO-66-KH550 or UiO-66-SID). Then, the UiO-66-OS was dispersed into two different sterically hindered polydimethylsiloxane solvents (PDMS400 or PDMS6000). Thereby, a series of type 3 PLs (UiO-66-PLs) with superior fluidity at room temperature and accessible porosity were obtained. For instance, the viscosities of UiO-66-KH550-PDMS400 and UiO-66-SID-PDMS400 were 1.1 and 1.5 Pa S at 25 °C, respectively, which were far lower than those of values reported thus far. In addition, gas sorption–desorption measurements indicated that the UiO-66-PLs exhibit superior CO2 sorption performance and great potential for CO2/N2 separation. Moreover, molecular simulation was carried out to verify the retained accessible porosity. Notably, the strategy of constructing type 3 PLs based on the post-synthetic modification of MOFs with organosilane and the like-dissolves-like principle not only provides a new solution for the development of low-viscosity PLs, but also opens a new path for the construction of other types of advanced porous material (APM)-based (e.g., covalent organic frameworks (COFs), porous organic cages (POCs)) PLs, which have potential applications in the fields of gas trapping storage, and catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous liquids (PLs), an emerging type of flowing liquid materials that combine the merits of porous solids and flowing liquids, have garnered immense attention since the concept of PLs was proposed in 2007. Meanwhile, PLs have witnessed growing success in versatile synthesis strategies and emerging applications, especially since 2017. Given the lack of a timely comprehensive review, developing a prompt summary with a comprehensive understanding is undoubtedly urgent. Thus, this critical review offers a comprehensive summary of the progress in fundamental chemistry, developmental history, synthetic strategies, and emerging applications of PLs. First, the fundamental chemistry and developmental history are reviewed. Then, the synthesis strategies of PLs are highlighted. Additionally, crosscutting studies of pure theoretical simulations are reviewed. Meanwhile, the daunting characterization issues of PLs are analyzed. Next, the state‐of‐the‐art of PLs applications is reviewed in detail. In the end, perspectives regarding the remaining challenges and future directions for PLs are presented. It is speculated that this critical comprehensive review of PLs could inspire scientific communities who focus on the task‐specific materials for various applications, such as gas sorption, membrane separation, catalytic conversion, chiral separation, thermal management and electrolyte, and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the flexibility and versatility of the layered crystal structure of layered double hydroxides (LDHs), they have shown great potential in various fields. However, LDH nanosheets (LDH-NSs) are easy to agglomerate, leading to the problem of accumulation, which hinders their further application. Accordingly, once LDHs are combined with solvent-free nanofluids (SFNs), the advantages of LDHs and SFNs could be combined to achieve an extraordinary performance. However, the stacked structure of traditional LDHs is not conducive to the exposure of hydroxyl functional groups, and hydroxyl sites are key to the conversion of LDHs to SFNs. Therefore, in this work, nanoflower-like LDHs (NFLs) with abundant exposed hydroxyl groups were prepared and combined with organic oligomers to achieve a solid-to-liquid transition. The formation mechanism of NFLs and the grafting mechanism of OS-PEA on their surface were identified. The prepared NFL-F3 still has good fluidity and dispersion stability in different solvents after storage for 100 days. The high-saturated grafting density on the surface of NFLs increased the steric hindrance effect of the nanoparticles, thereby improving the dispersion stability and reducing the viscosity of NFL-F3. Notably, the CO 2 sorption performance of NFL-F3 is significantly improved, which is attributed to the voids between polymers, physical sorption, and good fluidity caused by high-saturation grafting on the surface of NFL-F3. Finally, by combining the sorption behavior and model fitting, it was confirmed that the physical effect was dominant in CO 2 sorption by the NFL-F, which saved energy for the sorption-desorption process of its industrial application. Moreover, NFL-F3 has a good CO 2 /N 2 separation performance and cycle stability. We envision that this general strategy will open up new insights into the construction of innovative low-viscosity LDH-based SFNs with high CO 2 capacity and facilitate CO 2 /N 2 selectivity and offer new directions for LDH utilizations.

A method was developed for the determination of chlorpyrifos residues in paddy field aquatic products by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Samples were extracted with acetonitrile and purified by using 0.2 g primary secondary amine (PSA) sorbent and 1.2 g MgSO 4 . The target compound was separated on a Hypersil GOLD C 18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm), and was determined using a heated electrospray ionization (HESI) source in the positive ion selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The analyte was quantified with external standard using the matrix-matched standard calibration curve method. The results showed that good linearities were obtained in the range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.999. The spiked recoveries of chlorpyrifos ranged from 86.2% to 103.6% with RSDs of 3.5%-7.6% ( n =6). The limits of detection and quantification were 0.25 μg/kg and 0.5 μg/kg, respectively. This method is simple, quick, sensitive, and suitable for the rapid determination and analysis of chlorpyrifos residues in paddy field aquatic products.