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Background. Physical inactivity increases the risk of many chronic disorders. It is not clear which strategies are the most appropriate to enable people to adopt a more active lifestyle. Randomized controlled trials have found that brief advice from GPs supported by written material had a significant positive effect on patient's physical activity. The pilot project ‘Move for Health and the Environment' translated this evidence into a program suitable for the real-life situation of busy practices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in physical activity level of the participating patients 1 year after the intervention. Methods. Patients aged 16-65 years completed a screening questionnaire before consultation with their physician. Insufficiently active patients were offered an information leaflet and a voucher for a physical activity counselling session. One year later, all inactive patients and a random selection of the active were re-contacted and invited to answer identical questions. Results. A total of 1239 (73.9%) returned the follow-up questionnaire. In all, 37.3% of the formerly inactive patients met the threshold of sufficient activity at follow-up, whereas 20.3% of the previously active no longer did. Formerly inactive patients reported an increase of 58.8 minutes/week of moderate and 34.6 minutes/week of vigorous activity and spending more time walking and cycling. Formerly active patients reported less time spent in moderate activities. Conclusions. Systematic counselling in primary care encouraged insufficiently active patients to adopt a more active lifestyle. Yet it became evident that active patients also need counselling to maintain their activity levels