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This paper reports the first Mexican records of Oxychilus alliarius (Puebla, State of Mexico, Mexico City) and O. cellarius (Mexico City), and expands the Mexican distribution of O. draparnaudi to Querétaro, Tlaxcala, and State of Mexico. These three introduced land snail species were identified by combining their genital anatomy and mitochondrial COI DNA sequence data. A two-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of shell shape variation based on both apertural and apical views showed that there were no significant conchological differences between the three species except, to some degree, size. Using locality data of newly collected specimens, information from previous studies, and data retrieved from GBIF and iNaturalist, an analysis of the potential distributions of Oxychilus species in Mexico was conducted with an R implementation of Maxent. This showed that Oxychilus tends to occupy principally the Southern Highlands and the Transmexican Volcanic Belt Province.

Research in the field of History of Education has experienced a remarkable increase in recent decades. Resulting publications are referenced in generalist databases that do not catalogue academic works according to the specific characteristics of History of Education. Seeking to give response to this bibliographic gap, we are developing a database catered for historians of education that aims to map out present, past, and future research. Conceived within the framework of Digital Humanities/Digital History, Hecumen is being designed, with the aid of Artificial Intelligence, as an open access finding aid that permits (1) conducting specific and multilevel complex engine searches, (2) having a panoramic view of publications; (3) mapping out relevant/missing areas of research, and, ultimately, (4) keeping up to date with the research produced by historians of education. This paper presents, contextualises, and problematises Hecumen -- a digital tool that will facilitate and boost History of Education research.

Klebsiella pneumoniae Ch1-39 was isolated from chili powder elaborated at San Luis Potosí, México. This microorganism can be found in diverse ecological niches as water, soil, air, plants and hospital setting, it is considered as a relevant opportunistic pathogen causing several diseases and showing increasingly multi-resistance to antibiotics. The genome was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq platform and bioinformatic analyses were made at the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC). The genome consisted of 72 contigs with a total size of 5,410,125 bp, 5,361 protein coding sequences (CDS), a total of 6 rRNA and 76 tRNA with an average G + C content of 57.22 %. The genome data was deposited at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under accession number Bioproject ID PRJNA1062060, Bio Sample ID SAMN40269967. The genome accession number was JBAWUH000000000.

Los manglares son ecosistemas prioritarios para la conservación. Proveen diversos servicios ecosistémicos y son clave para el ciclo vital de muchas especies. Sin embargo, se encuentran amenazados por diversas actividades productivas y por fenómenos naturales como los huracanes, que impactan las costas causando daños en la vegetación. Monitorear los efectos del impacto de huracanes en las zonas de manglar es una tarea compleja, ya que son necesarios muchos recursos para acceder a los sitios devastados y para realizar evaluaciones en grandes superficies. Por ello, los datos de sensores remotos representan herramientas con un gran potencial para el estudio de las zonas más vulnerables. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto producido por el huracán Lorena que golpeó el archipiélago de Espíritu Santo, localizado en Baja California Sur, México, en el verano del año 2019. Se utilizaron imágenes del satélite Sentinel-2 tomadas antes (09/09/2019) y después (24/09/2019) del paso del huracán, con las cuales se calcularon cuatro índices de vegetación (IV) relacionados con la actividad fotosintética y el contenido de humedad del dosel. De igual forma, se calculó ΔIV para cada índice, que representa la reducción proporcional del valor del IV después del impacto. Los resultados generales mostraron un incremento de los valores de los cuatro IV en el área de estudio, lo cual podría explicarse por la velocidad del viento relativamente baja y el aporte de agua por la precipitación asociada al huracán Lorena. Sin embargo, los IV utilizados tuvieron una respuesta diferenciada, lo que demuestra la importancia de utilizar más de un indicador en los estudios que evalúen el impacto de fenómenos naturales en la vegetación costera.

La Alfabetización Mediática, Informacional y Digital (AMID) conjunta conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes que capacitan a los ciudadanos para interactuar crítica y reflexivamente con los medios de comunicación e información en la era digital. Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática exploratoria que analiza 34 estudios (publicados entre 2019 y 2023) que usan herramientas cuantitativas para evaluar la AMID en estudiantes y docentes en el ámbito de la educación formal. Los resultados revelan que la población más estudiada es la universitaria, con predominancia de estudiantes de nacionalidad española y mexicana. Los principales constructos derivados de esta investigación se ajustaron a tres referentes: el Marco Común de Competencia Digital Docente, el cuestionario ALFAMED y el cuestionario ALFIN-HUMASS. Los instrumentos demostraron sólidas propiedades psicométricas, tanto en términos de confiabilidad como de validez. Las escalas de actitud con formato Likert fueron las más utilizadas en los estudios descriptivos; estas son valiosas para identificar fortalezas y debilidades, pero no siempre son suficientes para brindar un diagnóstico completo. Para ello, es necesario recurrir a otras herramientas que permitan evaluar el desempeño real y vincular los resultados con implicaciones pedagógicas concretas. Finalmente, el artículo recomienda diagnosticar estas competencias en los docentes de educación primaria, secundaria y bachillerato, ya que son fundamentales para el crecimiento académico y personal de los estudiantes.

En este artículo, se analiza la relación entre la autopercepción de la alfabetización mediática, informacional y digital de los futuros docentes de telesecundaria y sus características sociodemográficas, como el sexo, la edad y el año académico. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional en una muestra de 148 estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de Telesecundaria de una escuela normal en Veracruz, México. Los datos se recolectaron mediante un cuestionario ad hoc,y su evaluación se llevó a cabo a través de métodos estadísticos como la prueba t, la correlación de Spearman y análisis de varianza. Los resultados revelaron que no existen diferencias significativas en este tipo de alfabetización en función del sexo, la edad o el año académico. Además, la mayoría de los estudiantes se autoperciben con un nivel intermedio de esta competencia. Este hallazgo subraya la importancia de investigaciones futuras para una evaluación objetiva y el fortalecimiento de programas formativos en alfabetización mediática, informacional y digital para futuros docentes.

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto del tipo y la intensidad de utilización de pasto buffel cultivado en condiciones naturales de lluvia o riego en la producción y valor nutritivo de la materia seca. Dieciséis parcelas (cada una de 64 m2) fueron pastoreadas por ganado Charolais para obtener una intensidad de utilización del 50 % (G50%) o de 75 % (G75%). Ocho parcelas (40 m2 cada una) se recortaron a mano hasta 50 % (H50%). La cosecha anual de forraje fue mayor (P0.05) en la producción de materia seca por hectárea entre G50 y G75 (1,707 vs 954 kg de MS/ha). El riego aumentó un 22 % (P0.05) debido al tipo y la intensidad de utilización en el contenido de PC, NDF y ADF, sin embargo, la ADF aumentó (P

This study presents a finite element analysis to model ocular biomechanics and the interactions between the human eye and contact lenses in the closed-eye condition. The closed-eye state, where the eyelids are fully shut, presents challenges for experimental measurements due to the invasive nature of accessing and analysing the contact lens and corneal interface, making simulation tools valuable for accurate characterisation. The primary objective of this study was to examine how CLs fold and twist and their impact on the cornea when the eye is closed. The secondary aim of this study was to assess how crucial contact lens parameters (Young’s modulus, base curve, and diameter) influence corneal stress distribution and the overall fit of the lens on the eye. The findings show that increasing Young’s modulus significantly reduces corneal stress and promotes uniform stress distribution, making it the most influential factor for wearer comfort and safety. While base curve and diameter variations primarily affect contact area, their impact on stress distribution is minimal. This research provides insights for improving contact lens design and enhancing safety for contact lens wearers.

In this study, seed-surface-associated bacteria from fresh fruits of Capsicum spp. were analyzed to explore potential isolates for biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungal strains. A total of 76 bacterial isolates were obtained from three different species of chili pepper (C. annuum L., C. pubescens R. & P., and C. chinense Jacq.), and two isolates were selected via mycelial growth inhibition assays based on their production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) against six fungal strains. Genomic analysis identified these isolates as Bacillus altitudinis CH05, with a chromosome size of 3,687,823 bp and with 41.25% G+C, and Bacillus tropicus CH13, with a chromosome size of 5,283,706 bp and with 35.24% G+C. Both bacterial strains showed high mycelial growth inhibition capacities against Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotinia sp., Rhizoctonia solani, and Alternaria alternata but lower inhibition capacities against Colletotrichum gloesporoides and Fusarium oxysporum. VOC identification was carried out after 24 h of fermentation with 64 VOCs for B. altitudinis CH05 and 53 VOCs for B. tropicus CH13. 2,5-Dimethyl pyrazine and acetoin had the highest relative abundance values in both bacterial strains. Our findings revealed that seed-surface-associated bacteria on Capsicum spp. have the metabolic ability to produce VOCs for biocontrol of fungal strains and have the potential to be used in sustainable agriculture.

Este artículo tiene como propósito reconocer los armónicos provocados por contaminación con cargas no lineales, tales como las lámparas ahorradoras y led de diez vatios. Se comparan estas lámparas con unas incandescentes de la misma potencia para evaluar la forma de onda sinusoidal. Además, se estudian los parámetros eléctricos de potencias, voltajes y corriente, así como los porcentajes de las distorsiones armónicas totales. Estos resultados se evalúan con la aplicación del módulo para medición de calidad de la energía NI cRIO-9023 y los módulos de voltaje NI-9225 y corriente NI-9227. Los parámetros de visualización se presentan en forma gráfica y numérica a través del ENA-Touch. Asimismo, se desarrolla una medición del espectro infrarrojo para la determinación de la temperatura de la línea y del neutro, y se lleva a cabo el diseño de un filtro atenuador de armónicos, pasa altos de segundo orden RLC, para atenuar con este la contaminación armónica de corriente, pues esta es la que presenta una alteración en su contaminación. Finalmente, los resultados muestran una disminución de la amplitud armónica y el porcentaje de la distorsión armónica total.

Resistance training programs play a crucial role in optimizing soccer performance. The aim of this study is to compare performance outcomes in sport-specific tasks after implementing two different flywheel resistance training (FRT) programs: variable intensity (VI) and constant intensity (CI). Seventeen (n = 17) amateur footballers were divided into VI and CI groups with the same training volume. For the VI group, a decrease in inertial load was implemented every four sessions, whereas the CI group maintained a constant load during the entire program. After different familiarization sessions and testing (sprint, change of direction, jump, one-repetition maximum and flywheel strength variables), ten sessions of FRT were performed over 5 weeks. Both groups showed similar improvements in the one-repetition maximum (p < 0.01) but the CI group had significant improvements in the 10-m sprint (p = 0.04; ES = 0.72), emphasizing the potential benefits of medium inertial loads to maximize power and specificity in sport tasks. However, no significant differences were observed in the countermovement jump, change of direction and 30-m sprint, possibly attributed to neuromuscular fatigue from a high-volume training schedule and friendly matches. The study highlights the importance of considering training load distribution in FRT programs. The findings emphasize the need for complementary training to maximize the jump and change of direction abilities and caution against high-volume training and friendly match scenarios. In conclusion, FRT programs, whether varying in intensity or not, can yield medium-term performance improvements for soccer players.

Antecedentes: Los mapas de bosques perturbados son útiles para identificar afectaciones sobre la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos. Los métodos que emplean únicamente datos espectrales para detectar las perturbaciones a nivel regional tienen limitaciones. El conocimiento de expertos y el análisis de fragmentación puede mejorar la estimación. Preguntas: ¿Cuál es la distribución de los bosques perturbados en una región de alta biodiversidad? ¿Qué tipos de vegetación y regiones son las más afectadas? Descripción de los datos: imágenes satelitales SPOT 2015, Sentinel-2 de 2019. Se colectó información de la vegetación en 653 sitios. Además, se usaron datos de herbario, censos agrícolas y del Inventario Nacional Forestal. Lugar y fecha del estudio: Estado de Chiapas, durante 2018-2022. Métodos: Se elaboró un mapa híbrido de los tipos de vegetación enfatizando la identificación de bosques secundarios, también se realizó un análisis de fragmentación y se calculó la biomasa leñosa por tipo de bosque. Resultados: El 40 % de la superficie del Estado mantiene una cobertura arbórea; pero solo en el 12 % no se aprecia perturbación; la mayor parte de los bosques no perturbados se encuentran en tres regiones: Selva Lacandona, Sierra Madre y Planicie del Golfo. En general la biomasa de los bosques perturbados es significativamente menor que la de su contraparte madura. Conclusiones: En Chiapas la distribución de los bosques en buen estado de conservación está restringida; casi la mitad de ellos se encuentran fuera de las ANP, por lo que es imperativo promover estrategias adicionales para su manejo y conservación.

Propósito: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la confiabilidad de la prueba de una repetición máxima (1RM) y evaluar los posibles efectos negativos de esta prueba sobre el rendimiento neuromuscular posterior y la recuperación percibida. Método: Estudio transversal en el que los sujetos asistieron durante cuatro días consecutivos a realizar una prueba incremental de 1RM en press de banca. Durante cada sesión de prueba, se registraron el valor de 1RM, la velocidad de movimiento contra una carga submáxima (50% de 1RM), la recuperación percibida, el dolor muscular (DOMS) y la calificación del esfuerzo percibido (RPE). El análisis se realizó clasificando a los sujetos en dos grupos (más fuertes: ≥ 1,2 1RM/peso corporal; y más débiles: < 1,2 1RM/peso corporal). Resultados: La confiabilidad de los valores de 1RM fue de buena a excelente (ICC3,1 = 0,83-0,99), mientras que los valores de SEm fueron bajos (< 6%). Los resultados no mostraron cambios significativos ni en los valores de 1RM ni en la velocidad de movimiento frente a una carga de 50% de 1RM a lo largo de los días. Los valores de RPE informados fueron altos (6,5 a 8) pero se mantuvieron sin cambios entre las sesiones. La recuperación percibida sólo se vio afectada en el grupo más fuerte a partir del tercer día, a pesar de que los valores informados estaban entre "moderadamente" y "bien recuperados". Los DOMS fueron significativamente más altos durante el tercer y cuarto día de prueba en ambos grupos, pero se mantuvieron bajos en valores (

Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), also known as the fall armyworm, is an economically important and widespread polyphagous pest. Microorganisms associated to this insect during life cycle play important ecological roles. We report 3 metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes reconstructed from a metagenome dataset obtained from S. frugiperda larvae F3 3rd-instar reared using artificial diet under laboratory conditions. Genome data for Enterococcus casseliflavus indicated a genome length of 3,659,8333 bp and GC content of 42.54%. Genome data for E. mundtii indicated a genome length of 2,921,701 bp and GC content of 38.37%. Finally, genome data for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum indicated a genome length of 3,298,601 bp, GC content of 44.31%. Genome analysis allowed us to identify genus-specific protein families (PLFams), transporters and antibiotic resistance-related genes among others. DNA sequences were deposited in National Center for Biotechnology Information (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) as Bioproject accession PRJNA899064.

The worldwide student rebellion in the so-called ‘long 68’ affected practically every country in Latin America: especially Argentina, Mexico, Uruguay and Brazil. In Brazil, students emerged as a social, political and academic group with an especially strong commitment to democratising and modernising the university system, a movement at the vanguard of non-violent resistance to the civil-military dictatorship established in 1964, and a public actor capable of mobilising and attracting other sectors of the community to their cause, the latter having a specific clout and capacity to influence. In this article, we delve into the manifestations of these aspects in the ‘public sphere’ (Arendt). In concrete terms, we look at what is known as the Passeata dos Cem Mil (March of the Hundred Thousand), and the events leading up to it. This was the largest civil mobilisation ever to take place in Brazil – up until that point. It was led by the most progressive sectors of university students, bringing together a wide range of social actors – the Catholic Church, the mothers of young people suffering repression, artists, politicians, workers and university professors. Very quickly, it entered the ‘collective memory’ (Halbwachs) and ‘social imaginaries’ (Taylor) as a physical and symbolic point of reference for resistance to the dictatorship. For this investigation, we have critically and ideologically analysed (Van Dijk) the news articles, newspaper columns, reports and editorials on the subject which appeared in Brazil’s main newspapers.

Coffee is one of the most important agricultural commodities. Agroforestry systems (AFS) are increasingly used in coffee cultivation because of environmental benefits, adaptability of the systems, and economic profits. However, identifying the spatial distribution of AFS through remote sensing continues to be challenging. The current systematic review focuses on the accuracies obtained and the computational methods and satellite data used in mapping coffee AFS between 2000 and 2020. To facilitate the analysis, we ordered the mapped AFS into five classes according to their density and species composition of shade trees. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to evaluate significative differences among classes. Both shade-tree densities and species composition affected the accuracy level. The worst results were obtained in AFS retaining many woody species from the original forest and high tree density (user accuracy [Formula: see text]0.5). About the methods, maximum likelihood was the most widely used with very variable results; some non-parametric methods such as CART, ISODATA, RF, SMA, and SVM presented consistently high accuracy ([Formula: see text]0.75). High spatial resolution multispectral imagery was suitable for mapping AFS; very few studies were found with radar imagery, so it would be desirable to increase its use combined with optical data.

La capacitación es una de las actividades de mayor crecimiento en la actualidad, esto debido al constante cambio en las necesidades del mundo que requiere productos, servicios o entretenimiento de la más alta calidad. Potenciado también por el desarrollo científico de los procesos que la capacitación requiere, por medio de la investigación y experimentación de los mecanismos que forman este proceso. La capacitación es conocida como la actividad por medio de la cual las organizaciones brindan los conocimientos específicos sobre una actividad a un colaborador. Por medio de este método se forman personas más seguras de sí mismas, más aptos para realizar las actividades propias de sus puestos de trabajo y más motivados para llevar adelante la actividad para la cual se les ha tomado en cuenta en las empresas. En la actualidad la capacitación es una de las actividades más importantes de la cultura organizacional y se considera una de las prácticas que forman el camino al éxito de una empresa. Las empresas requieren mejorar sus planes de trabajo y sobre todo el nivel de competitividad y bienestar en la organización, por lo cual es necesario integrar a un personal calificado que cuente con una correcta capacitación y todas las herramientas necesarias para poder desempeñarse de la manera correcta en su trabajo y en igualdad de ambiente laboral que genere a su vez, un incremento en la productividad dentro y fuera de la organización.

Tropical forests hold large stocks of carbon in biomass and face pressures from changing climate and anthropogenic disturbance. Forests' capacity to store biomass under future conditions and accumulate biomass during regrowth after clearance are major knowledge gaps. Here we use chronosequence data, satellite observations and a C-cycle model to diagnose woody C dynamics in two dry forest ecotypes (semi-deciduous and semi-evergreen) in Yucatán, Mexico. Woody biomass differences between mature semi-deciduous (90 MgC ha−1) and semi-evergreen (175 MgC ha−1) forest landscapes are mostly explained by differences in climate (c. 60%), particularly temperature, humidity and soil moisture effects on production. Functional variation in foliar phenology, woody allocation, and wood turnover rate explained c. 40% of biomass differences between ecotypes. Modeling experiments explored varied forest clearance and regrowth cycles, under a range of climate and CO2 change scenarios to 2100. Production and steady state biomass in both ecotypes were reduced by forecast warming and drying (mean biomass 2021–2100 reduced 16–19% compared to 2001–2020), but compensated by fertilisation from rising CO2. Functional analysis indicates that trait adjustments amplify biomass losses by 70%. Experiments with disturbance and recovery across historically reported levels indicate reductions to mean forest biomass stocks over 2021–2100 similar in magnitude to climate impacts (10–19% reductions for disturbance with recovery). Forest disturbance without regrowth amplifies biomass loss by three- or four-fold. We conclude that vegetation functional differences across the Yucatán climate gradient have developed to limit climate risks. Climate change will therefore lead to functional adjustments for all forest types. These adjustments are likely to magnify biomass reductions caused directly by climate change over the coming century. However, the range of impacts of land use and land use change are as, or more, substantive than the totality of direct and indirect climate impacts. Thus the carbon storage of Yucatan's forests is highly vulnerable both to climate and land use and land use change. Our results here should be used to test and enhance land surface models use for dry forest carbon cycle assessment regionally and globally. A single plant functional type approach for modeling Yucatán's forests is not justified.

The competitive colonization of bacteria on similar ecological niches has a significant impact during their establishment. The synthesis speeds of different chemical classes of molecules during early competitive colonization can reduce the number of competitors through metabolic effects. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that Kosakonia cowanii Cp1 previously isolated from the seeds of Capsicum pubescens R. P. produced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during competitive colonization against Pectobacterium aroidearum SM2, affecting soft rot symptoms in serrano chili (Capsicum annuum L.). The pathogen P. aroidearum SM2 was isolated from the fruits of C. annuum var. Serrano with soft rot symptoms. The genome of the SM2 strain carries a 5,037,920 bp chromosome with 51.46% G + C content and 4925 predicted protein-coding genes. It presents 12 genes encoding plant-cell-wall-degrading enzymes (PCDEWs), 139 genes involved in five types of secretion systems, and 16 genes related to invasion motility. Pathogenic essays showed soft rot symptoms in the fruits of C. annuum L., Solanum lycopersicum, and Physalis philadelphica and the tubers of Solanum tuberosum. During the growth phases of K. cowanii Cp1, a mix of VOCs was identified by means of HS-SPME-GC-MS. Of these compounds, 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine showed bactericidal effects and synergy with acetoin during the competitive colonization of K. cowanii Cp1 to completely reduce soft rot symptoms. This work provides novel evidence grounding a better understanding of bacterial interactions during competitive colonization on plant tissue, where VOC synthesis is essential and has a high potential capacity to control pathogenic microorganisms in agricultural systems.

Portal hypertension may have major consequences on the pulmonary vasculature due to the complex pathophysiological interactions between the liver and lungs. Portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH), a subset of group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH), is a serious pulmonary vascular disease secondary to portal hypertension, and is the fourth most common subtype of pulmonary arterial hypertension. It is most commonly observed in cirrhotic patients; however, patients with noncirrhotic portal hypertension can also develop it. On suspicion of PoPH, the initial evaluation is by a transthoracic echocardiogram in which, if elevated pulmonary pressures are shown, patients should undergo right heart catheterization to confirm the diagnosis. The prognosis is extremely poor in untreated patients; therefore, management includes pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies with the aim of improving pulmonary hemodynamics and moving patients to orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). In this article, we review in detail the epidemiology, pathophysiology, process for diagnosis, and most current treatments including OLT and prognosis in patients with PoPH. In addition, we present a diagnostic algorithm that includes the current criteria to properly select patients with PoPH who are candidates for OLT.

This systematic review examines the use of eye-tracking devices in optometry, describing their main characteristics, areas of application and metrics used. Using the PRISMA method, a systematic search was performed of three databases. The search strategy identified 141 reports relevant to this topic, indicating the exponential growth over the past ten years of the use of eye trackers in optometry. Eye-tracking technology was applied in at least 12 areas of the field of optometry and rehabilitation, the main ones being optometric device technology, and the assessment, treatment, and analysis of ocular disorders. The main devices reported on were infrared light-based and had an image capture frequency of 60 Hz to 2000 Hz. The main metrics mentioned were fixations, saccadic movements, smooth pursuit, microsaccades, and pupil variables. Study quality was sometimes limited in that incomplete information was provided regarding the devices used, the study design, the methods used, participants' visual function and statistical treatment of data. While there is still a need for more research in this area, eye-tracking devices should be more actively incorporated as a useful tool with both clinical and research applications. This review highlights the robustness this technology offers to obtain objective information about a person's vision in terms of optometry and visual function, with implications for improving visual health services and our understanding of the vision process.

Con la presente investigación pretende dar exposición a la Forrajería en el municipio de Tamiahua, Veracruz ya que el mercado de las forrajeras en México está en constante crecimiento debido a la importancia que tiene la alimentación del ganado en la producción agropecuaria. En este sentido, la elaboración de un plan de marketing digital para una forrajería en el municipio de Tamiahua, Veracruz, es una estrategia relevante para aumentar la visibilidad y el alcance de la empresa, así como para fidelizar a los clientes y atraer nuevos consumidores. El proyecto se realizó en el municipio de Tamiahua, Veracruz, México, con la finalidad de diseñar un plan de marketing digital para una forrajera, se aplicó una encuesta a los directivos para conocer lo que afectaba a la organización, se deseaba realizar un análisis DAFO para identificar los aspectos positivos y negativos que tenía la empresa con la finalidad de implementar estrategias adecuadas y que ayudaran de forma concisa a la empresa.

The objective of this study is to map the international networks of research, circulation, and scientific communication in the history of education, at a global level. In order to do so, we analyse the activity of the International Standing Conference for the History of Education (ISCHE). The focus is placed on the following: the make-up and organisation of the community of education historians; the arenas set up to encourage collaboration, debate and consensus in research in the field; collaboration among researchers, and the influence of transnational perspectives; avenues of research and areas of focus; and the communication channels by which ideas and findings are published and exchanged. The documentary sources used are the minutes of ISCHE annual congresses and general assemblies, alongside other research and previous studies. The main variables are: the language in which papers are published; the countries from which the authors come; international collaboration among authors; the historical period analysed; and the country or region being studied. After examining over 3600 contributions, we conclude that, globally, the international network in history of education is in good health, and there is an appetite for research with an international focus. However, there is room for improvement by promoting more extensive international collaboration among researchers, expanding the scope of research to take a supranational or even global view, and extending the study of the history of education to pre-modern times.

In the 1970s and 1980s, the social and professional imaginaries of education, sociopolitical conceptions of it, and educational practices in Spain, began to be influenced by certain elements specific to critical popular education, which had developed in Latin America during the long 1960s. Paulo Freire’s work was particularly prominent among such influences, either directly or indirectly inspiring social and fundamental educational movements in contexts of poverty, marginalisation and social exclusion –for example, street educators. One of the most significant examples of these Freirean practices was Enrique de Castro– a working-class priest who worked in the south of Madrid (Spain) with young people in such a position, from the early 1970s. At the same time, he laboured to bring about social transformation and development; the project managed to Garner the involvement of practically the entire community. This article analyses Paulo Freire’s influence in the educational and community principles expressed by Enrique de Castro in his works ¿Hay que colgarlos? and Dios es ateo. Particular attention is paid to the notions of awareness-raising, education, social action, community development, social and critical leadership of institutions, which de Castro championed.

Abstract Spatial information on the timing of forest cover loss is important to identify and map stand age, which is a key factor driving the recovery of carbon pools and can also be used to estimate aboveground biomass (AGB) based on its relationship with stand age. Here, we estimated the spatial distribution of stand age and AGB of young forest (

Infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia or canine anaplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by Anaplasma platys. In Mexico, cases of human infection have been reported. The present cross-sectional study aimed to determine the frequency of A. platys infection in the municipality of Veracruz, Mexico, by nested polymerase chain reaction method. A total of 100 blood samples from dogs living in the municipality were collected and analyzed between March and June 2022. A descriptive analysis of blood samples for hemoparasites frequencies was performed with the free online software VassarStats. The evaluated variables were sex, street access, usage of ticks control methods, and living environment. The free online software WinEpi software was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI: 95.00%). Out of 100 analyzed blood samples, 27 were confirmed positive for A. platys. The only risk factor found was the absence of tick prevention methods (OR = 9.81; 95.00% CI: 23.00 - 44.50). In conclusion, the frequency of A. platys was 27.00% and no risk factors were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chili powder is an important condiment around the world. However, according to various reports, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms could present a public health risk factor during its consumption. Therefore, microbiological quality assessment is required to understand key microbial functional traits, such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and bioinformatics analysis were used to characterize the comprehensive profiles of the bacterial community and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in 15 chili powder samples from different regions of Mexico. The initial bacterial load showed aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB) ranging between 6 × 103 and 7 × 108 CFU/g, sporulated mesophilic bacteria (SMB) from 4.3 × 103 to 2 × 109 CFU/g, and enterobacteria (En) from 6 CFU/g. The most representative families in the samples were Bacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, in which 18 potential pathogen-associated species were detected. In total, the resistome profile in the chili powder contained 68 unique genes, which conferred antibiotic resistance distributed in 13 different classes. Among the main classes of antibiotic resistance genes with a high abundance in almost all the samples were those related to multidrug, tetracycline, beta-lactam, aminoglycoside, and phenicol resistance. Our findings reveal the utility of mNGS in elucidating microbiological quality in chili powder to reduce the public health risks and the spread of potential pathogens with antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

Background: Childhood myopia represents a global concern with increasing prevalence in recent decades. Lifestyle factors significantly impact myopia. Aim: To evaluate lifestyle factors in myopic children from a metropolitan area in Europe. Methods: This was a descriptive study including myopic subjects aged 4–18 years. Patient demographic and clinical data were collected, including cycloplegic refraction in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL). In addition, a questionnaire on lifestyle factors was conducted between September 2022 and April 2023. Results: A total of 321 myopic children were included, aged 10.72 ± 3.05 years, of whom 51.4% were boys, with SER −2.25 ± 1.9 D and AL 24.54 ± 0.98 mm. The mean age of myopia onset was 7.69 ± 3.05 years. A total of 59.8% had family history of myopia. Those children who had 2 h/day, SER: −2.50 ±1.88 D (p = 0.009). Children who spent 2 h/day (SER: −1.75 ± 1.83 vs. SER: −2.75 ± 1.82, respectively, p = 0.03). However, no significant association was observed between SER and AL and time spent outdoors nor between SER and AL and academic performance (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Screen time and near-work time appear to be lifestyle factors related to myopia.