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BACKGROUND: Companies have tried to carry out interventions in order to mitigate the risks associated with losses in productivity and the health of employees. OBJECTIVE: This intervention trial evaluated the effect of a supervised exercise intervention based on aerobic capacity and strength on well-being at work and capability in performing work tasks. METHODOLOGY: The sample was composed of 67 participants (N = 67, mean age 34.31 years) and investigated a 12-week group physical exercise program in the workplace, two days per week for 50 minutes, which was supervised and based on aerobic endurance and strength. The 67 subjects were working-age office workers, deemed sedentary and randomized into an intervention (N = 40) or control (N = 27) group. Among them, 33 were men (N = 33; 49.25%) and 34 were women (N = 34, 50.75%). Outcomes were assessed pre- and post-test in both groups. The Mann-Whitney U and Chi-Square tests were performed to compare the characteristics of the intervention and control group. η2 = z/(n-1) was calculated as effect size rates. RESULTS: The program showed statistically significant effects on strength endurance (P = 0.020, η2 = 0.08), the loss of fat percentage (P = 0.015, η2 = 0.09), lower limb power (P = 0.020, η2 = 0.08) and QoL (P = 0.0001, η2 = 0.39 for the physical health outcome, and P = 0.0001, η2 = 0.35 for the outcome of total scores of mental health). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention had an impact on the endurance, fat percentage loss and QoL of the workers whose occupations were based on sedentary tasks.

BACKGROUND: Sedentary tasks contribute to the deterioration of health and the appearance of chronic diseases. Physical exercise can contribute to the development of health, although the characteristics of the most appropriate program are unknown. OBJECTIVES: This is the second paper of the PRODET® intervention trial evaluating the effect of a supervised group exercise intervention in the worksite based on aerobic capacity and strength lasting 12 weeks. METHODS: The sample was composed of 67 subjects (N = 67, mean age 34.31 years) and the study investigated a 12-week group physical exercise program in the workplace, two days per week with 50-minute sessions, which was supervised and based on aerobic endurance and strength. The 67 subjects were working-age office workers, deemed as sedentary and randomized into an intervention (N = 40) or control (N = 27) group. Outcomes work ability, depression, anxiety and job satisfaction were assessed with questionnaires pre-and post-test in both groups. RESULTS: The program showed effects on the mental factor of work ability (Z = 2.36, P = 0.019, η2 = 0.09). However, there were no significant differences in the rest of the results. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention had an impact on the mental factor of work ability in the workers whose occupations were based on sedentary tasks, and reinforcing this variable with an exercise program in the workplace could contribute to reducing the mental factor of work ability.

The study aimed to ascertain the levels of older European people’s physical activity according to sociodemographic variables. The sample size was 7,893 citizens aged 65 and over from the European Union. The participants were classified as physically inactive, adequately active, or highly active, according to the World Health Organization. The total metabolic equivalents of task minutes per week were also calculated. In the results, 55.5% of older people were adequately active, and 43.8% were highly active, especially in the North and West. The average metabolic equivalents of task minutes per week was 1,313 metabolic equivalents of task minutes, with walking as the main activity, followed by moderate physical activity and vigorous activity. Male older people of a lower age from the North and West, with a higher level of education and less difficulty in paying bills, were more likely to be physically active. As a conclusion, only slightly more than half the population were adequately active. These sociodemographic inequalities show the necessity of implementing specific measures.

Los clubes de natación son entidades sin ánimo de lucro con fines deportivos y sociales. El objetivo general del estudio fue conocer la gestión de los clubes de natación en Cataluña cumpliendo su función social y deportiva en el actual entorno competitivo de instalaciones deportivas. Los objetivos específicos fueron conocer sus valores en indicadores de gestión, así como saber si existen diferencias significativas entre los clubes según sus espacios y oferta deportiva. La muestra del estudio ha sido formada por 19 clubes deportivos de natación de Cataluña. El instrumento de recogida de datos fue un cuestionario adaptado a los objetivos del estudio, administrado por correo electrónico a los gerentes de cada club. Los clubes obtienen los ingresos necesarios para lograr sus fines deportivos y sociales gracias a las cuotas de sus socios. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ellos según los espacios y oferta deportiva en diferentes indicadores de gestión analizados. Swimming clubs are non-profit entities for sports and social purposes. The general objective of the study was to know the management of swimming clubs in Catalonia, fulfilling their social and sports role in the current competitive environment of sports facilities. As specific objectives were to know their values on management indicators, as well as to know if significant differences between swimming clubs are found, taking in consideration their areas and sports offer. The study sample consists of 19 swimming clubs of Catalonia. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire adapted to the objectives of the study, administered by email to the managers of each club. The clubs obtain the necessary income to achieve their sporting and social goals thanks to the fees of their members. It was found significant differences between them according to the spaces and sports offer in different management indicators analyzed.

Abstract. Spain boasts numerous multipurpose sports facilities offering a wide range of services. The goal of this study is to ascertain possible differences in management variables or indicators across sports facilities according to whether they are publicly or privately owned and according to business model (administrative license, non-low-cost private, or low-cost private). The universe of study were 4435 Spanish sports facilities (IHRSA, 2016). The represetative sample that participated in the study was 384 sports facilities. Data was gathered by means of face-to-face interviews with sports facilities managers. The results show significant differences for most of the variables analysed (surface area, number of users, income from quotas, extraordinary income, total income, monthly income per customer and average monthly quota) between public and private sports facilities and between business models. The study provides relevant information for people are working in the management of sports facilities, since it allows them to perform benchmark and know what are their points of improvement in the management of sports facilities depending on their ownership and its business model. Resumen. España cuenta con un gran número de instalaciones deportivas polivalentes que ofrecen una amplia gama de servicios. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar las posibles diferencias en las variables o indicadores de gestión en las instalaciones deportivas según sean de propiedad pública o privada y según el modelo de negocio (concesión administrativa, privados low cost y privados no low cost). El universo de estudio fueron 4435 instalaciones deportivas españolas (IHRSA, 2016). La muestra representativa del estudio fue de 384 instalaciones deportivas. Los datos e información fueron recogidos mediante entrevistas personales con los directores de las instalaciones deportivas. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en la mayoría de las variables analizadas (metros cuadrados, número de usuarios, ingresos por cuotas, ingresos extraordinarios, ingresos totales, ingresos mensuales por cliente y cuota mensual promedio) entre instalaciones deportivas públicas y privadas, y entre modelos de negocio. El estudio aporta información relevante para las personas dedicadas a la organización y gestión de las instalaciones deportivas, ya que permite tener puntos de referencia en indicadores de gestión de las instalaciones deportivas y conocer los puntos de mejora según sea la propiedad y el modelo de negocio.

Restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to decrease physical activity (PA) levels. The purpose of the study was to explore the associations between age, gender, and exercise facilities-type membership and physical activity levels during COVID-19 lockdown among users of exercise facilities from Spain. Participants were recruited among the members of 84 exercise facilities across Spain. Data was collected through an online questionnaire between 5th and 20th of April 2020 during the COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 7062 participants met inclusion criteria and responded correctly to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Lower levels of total PA were found in women compared with men (β = −26, 95%CI: −40 to −13), and among older adults (β = −48, 95%CI: −10 to −85) compared with younger ones. Moreover, users of private facilities showed higher levels of PA (β = 40, 95%CI: 13 to 66) than those from low-cost and public facilities (reference). Lastly, women from private facilities showed greater levels of PA (β = 63, 95%CI: 29 to 96) than low cost and public's users, an increase higher than what was found in men (β = 7, 95%CI: −38 to 52). Therefore, gender, age and the type of exercise facility's subscription had a relevant influence on PA levels during COVID-19 lockdown in an active population. These findings are useful for public health recommendations, in order to identify subpopulations of previously active people at risk of being physically inactive during and after this pandemic.

Resumen: En este artículo se analizan los datos de un estudio sobre las demandas sociales de actividad física y deporte entre las personas adultas en España. En concreto, se estudia la relación existente entre las diferencias sociológicas de los individuos, según el tamaño demográfico de su municipio de residencia, nivel de estudios y clase social, y las demandas de actividad física o deporte. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una investigación de carácter cuantitativo, consistente en la realización de una encuesta administrada de forma presencial a una muestra de 3.463 personas a escala nacional de una franja de edad de 30 a 64 años. La investigación fue financiada en el marco del Plan Nacional de I+D+i, del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los diversos tipos de demanda de actividad física o deporte, según el nivel de estudios finalizados y la clase social.Abstract:In this paper are analysed data from a study on the social demands of physical activity and sport among adults in Spain. Concretely, are studied the relationship between the sociological differences of individuals, according to the demographic size of their municipality of residence, level of education and social class, and the demands of physical activity or sport. In order to, a quantitative research has been carried out. This research consisted of the conduct of a survey administered presently to a sample of 3463 people to national scale in an age group of 30 to 64 years. The research was funded under the National Plan of I+D+i Plan of the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain. The results show statistically significant differences between the diverse types of demand for physical activity or sport, according to the level of studies completed and social class.

En este artículo se analizan los datos de un estudio sobre las demandas sociales de actividad física y deporte entre las personas adultas en España. En concreto, se estudia la relación existente entre las diferencias sociológicas de los individuos, según el tamaño demográfico de su municipio de residencia, nivel de estudios y clase social, y las demandas de actividad física o deporte. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una investigación de carácter cuantitativo, consistente en la realización de una encuesta administrada de forma presencial a una muestra de 3.463 personas a escala nacional de una franja de edad de 30 a 64 años. La investigación fue financiada en el marco del Plan Nacional de I+D+i, del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los diversos tipos de demanda de actividad física o deporte, según el nivel de estudios finalizados y la clase social In this paper are analysed data from a study on the social demands of physical activity and sport among adults in Spain. Concretely, are studied the relationship between the sociological differences of individuals, according to the demographic size of their municipality of residence, level of education and social class, and the demands of physical activity or sport. In order to, a quantitative research has been carried out. This research consisted of the conduct of a survey administered presently to a sample of 3463 people to national scale in an age group of 30 to 64 years. The research was funded under the National Plan of I+D+i Plan of the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain. The results show statistically significant differences between the diverse types of demand for physical activity or sport, according to the level of studies completed and social class.

La práctica regular de actividades fisicodeportivas extraescolares puede aportar diversos beneficios a los participantes. No obstante, dichos beneficios estarán condicionados por la intervención docente del profesorado que imparte este tipo de actividades, ya que en ocasiones carecen de la formación y titulación necesaria para desarrollar esta función docente. Así, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar la intervención docente en el deporte escolar en Educación Secundaria en la Comunidad de Madrid. La investigación sigue una metodología cuantitativa de corte descriptivo a través de la encuesta, que se realizó a 350 docentes. Los muestran evidencias estadísticamente significativas respecto a que los docentes sin titulación utilizan en mayor medida técnicas de enseñanza directivas [2 (10) = 33,430; p < ,00;  = ,03] y que en general, la mayoría de los docentes priorizan la mejora de la técnica sobre otros aspectos [2 (5)= 35,337; p < ,00;  = ,03]. Entre las conclusiones más relevantes de esta investigación, se puede observar que la intervención docente por parte del profesorado que imparte las actividades fisicodeportivas extraescolares en la etapa de Educación Secundaria no siempre es adecuada, ya que en la mayoría de los casos se sigue desarrollando un modelo de enseñanza tradicional, donde priman la búsqueda del resultado sobre la participación y las técnicas de enseñanza directivas sobre las de descubrimiento, así como la enseñanza de la mejora de la técnica de manera descontextualizada sobre la enseñanza de situaciones reales de juego.

Desde las últimas décadas, la trayectoria profesional de la mujer y su acceso a cargos directivos ha ganado relevancia como fenómeno de estudio. El presente artículo, aportará el descubrimiento de los diferentes estudios sobre las distintas características y actitudes que dificultan, limitan o impiden el acceso de las mujeres para lograr el potencial laboral máximo que quieran conseguir en las organizaciones y entidades del mercado laboral, y concretamente dentro del sector de la actividad física y el deporte. La metodología seguida en la investigación es cuantitativa y transversal, con una muestra total obtenida de (N = 401). A modo de conclusión de la literatura analizada, se podría resaltar que las oportunidades de trabajo, el acceso o la promoción de las mujeres dentro de una organización o entidad se ven influenciados por las características personales, es decir, de la conciliación del trabajo, la familia y el hogar. Since decades, the professional career of women and their access to decision-making positions has gained relevance as a phenomenon of study. This article will provide the discovery of different studies on the various features and attitudes that impede, limit or prevent the access of women to achieve the maximum employment potential that want to get in the organizations and entities of the labour market, and specifically in the field of physical activity and sport. The methodology used in this study is trasversal and quantitative with a final sample of (N = 401). By way of conclusion of the analyzed literature, it could highlight that job opportunities, access or the promotion of women within an organization or entity are influenced by personal characteristics, i.e., the reconciliation of work, family and home.

La pràctica regular d’activitats fisicoesportives extraescolars pot aportar diversos beneficis als participants. No obstant això, aquests beneficis estaran condicionats per la intervenció docent del professorat que imparteix aquest tipus d’activitats, ja que a vegades no té la formació i titulació necessària per desenvolupar aquesta funció docent. Així, l’objectiu principal d’aquesta investigació és analitzar la intervenció docent en l’esport escolar en Educació Secundària en la Comunitat de Madrid. La investigació segueix una metodologia quantitativa d’estil descriptiu a través de l’enquesta, que es va fer a 350 docents. Es mostren evidències estadísticament significatives respecte al fet que els docents sense titulació utilitzen en major grau tècniques d’ensenyament directiu [x2 (10) = 33,430; p < ,00; Φ = ,03] i que en general la majoria dels docents prioritzen la millora de la tècnica sobre altres aspectes [x2 (5)= 35,337; p < ,00; Φ = ,03]. Entre les conclusions més rellevants d’aquesta investigació, es pot observar que la intervenció docent per part del professorat que imparteix les activitats fisicoesportives extraescolars en l’etapa d’Educació Secundària no sempre és adequada, ja que en la majoria dels casos es continua desenvolupant un model d’ensenyament tradicional, on prevalen la recerca del resultat sobre la participació i les tècniques d’ensenyament directiu sobre les de descobriment, així com l’ensenyament de la millora de la tècnica de manera descontextualitzada sobre l’ensenyament de situacions reals de joc.