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In recent years educational institutions are increasingly using online learning and because of this trend it is necessary to investigate its impact on student academic performance. Although this topic has been addressed in different educational fields before, there is an objective justification for our approach. Thus, the reasoning behind this particular research is the fact that recent findings have shown that the academic performance of students using online education is affected by a series of motivating factors which can have an impact on their performance. The main goal of this paper is to highlight and analyze the mediating effect of intrinsic student motivation and student academic engagement and how they affect the relationship between the range of support, which students receive during their online learning and thus their academic performance. This study was conducted in two higher educational institutions in Mexico and Romania, with a sample of 822 students. The data was analyzed using a second generational PLS-SEM technique. The results confirm that the support students enjoy during online learning has no direct impact on their academic performance, unless it is fully mediated by their own intrinsic motivation and academic engagement. The influence of Gender was also analyzed, but it was not found to be a determining factor of academic performance in both higher educational institutions. These findings not only have theoretical and practical implications for students, teachers and education authorities, they also help us to broaden the field of knowledge in the e-learning environment.

Abstract Interventional radiology (IR) has evolved rapidly, but the clinical integration of interventional radiologists has not kept pace with technical advancements. This trial will address a gap in the literature by providing a robust investigation into specific measures for enhancing the clinical role of interventional radiologists, with potential implications for improving patient experiences and outcomes. The single-center randomized controlled trial will include 428 patients undergoing IR procedures. The control group will receive information about the procedure from the ordering physician, while the experimental group will have an additional consultation with an interventional radiologist and be shown procedure-specific explanatory videos. The primary outcomes are patients’ knowledge, satisfaction with the information and communication, and anxiety. Data collection will involve specific questionnaires and scales. This trial is designed to investigate the importance of proactive clinical roles in patient care within IR. The study explores the potential of consultations and audiovisual tools, highlighting their role in educating patients about procedures. The results may help foster a more widespread acceptance of clinical responsibilities in IR and underscore the pivotal role of audiovisual aids in patient education and satisfaction. Trial registration NCT05461482 at clinicaltrials.gov. Relevance statement This randomized controlled trial will assess the impact of clinical consultations and explanatory audiovisual tools on patient understanding, satisfaction, and anxiety in interventional radiology. The findings could help establish a more proactive clinical role for interventional radiologists and improve the overall quality of patient-centered care. Key Points We describe the protocol of an interventional radiology randomized clinical trial. The control group will receive procedure information from the referring physician and the experimental group receives additional consultation with interventionalists and views a video. Knowledge, satisfaction with information, and patient anxiety will be evaluated. This study will provide insights about the benefits of consultations and videos in interventional radiology. Graphical Abstract

Purpose Patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often present with sleep disturbances. We evaluated the effectiveness of pediatric prolonged-release melatonin (PedPRM) in real clinical practice, focusing on a population of complex neuropediatric patients with highly refractory insomnia in Spain. Methods The patients were aged 2 to 18 years, diagnosed with ASD, had sleep maintenance insomnia and/or early morning awakening insomnia, and were refractory to prior therapy. The starting dose of PedPRM was 2 or 5 mg (increased to 10 mg, if necessary). Evaluation at 6 months consisted of a sleep diary, the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS), and the Clinical Global Impression Scale of Improvement (CGI-I) and Severity (CGI-S). Results The median age of the 23 patients was 11.0 years, 56.5% were male, 73.9% had epilepsy, and 78.3% had intellectual disability. One patient discontinued treatment. The mean total sleep time did not change significantly. PedPRM improved sleep latency (median 30.0 to 15.0 minutes; P=0.001) and reduced the number of nocturnal awakenings (median 3.00 to 1.0; P

For months we tended the wounds of our men, our brothers, our fathers, our friends, husbands, boyfriends, and lovers. We bought iodine and gauzes, cotton and rubbing alcohol. We made [...]

Abstract Background Despite considerable evidence for the efficacy and safety of stiripentol in Dravet syndrome (DS), some aspects of stiripentol use remain challenging in clinical practice, such as dose titration and the adjustment of concomitant antiseizure medications (ASMs) to prevent potential adverse effects. Aim To (1) provide practical recommendations on the initiation of stiripentol treatment in patients with DS, (2) evaluate its effectiveness in the patient, and (3) guide the management of drug interactions and other aspects of treatment monitoring. Methods Six Spanish neurologists (the authors) with expertise in the management of pediatric and adult patients with DS held a meeting in early 2024 to develop expert recommendations regarding the use of stiripentol in DS, based on a review of the literature and their common clinical experience. Results According to these recommendations, stiripentol can be administered to patients with DS of any age, although its initiation and titration vary according to age group. Individualized adjustment of concomitant ASMs, such as valproic acid and clobazam or drugs specifically for DS (i.e., fenfluramine), at initiation and during stiripentol treatment, can mitigate drug interactions, thereby increasing the long-term tolerability of stiripentol treatment. In specific cases, stiripentol doses of > 50 mg/kg/day may be contemplated, and acute stiripentol administration may be considered to control refractory status epilepticus. Blood tests should be performed before starting stiripentol, at 3, 6, and 12 months after starting treatment, and then annually, except in the event of adverse effects, when additional testing may be necessary. Most adverse effects can be adequately managed by adjusting concomitant medications. Conclusion These practical recommendations may be easily adapted for use in different countries, and should increase physicians’ confidence in the initiation and monitoring of stiripentol treatment, thus facilitating effective management of patients with DS and improving clinical outcomes.

Background: Headaches are a common symptom in healthcare workers (HCWs), mainly associated with high levels of stress. Different research has studied their incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic, most of them with correlational designs, and at the beginning of the pandemic and focused on the associated occupational variables. Aims: (1) To analyze the incidence of headaches in HCWs at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and their maintenance six months later. (2) To explore the risk factors associated with their onset and maintenance, including sociodemographic, occupational, emotional symptomatology, and personality variables. (3) To propose a model to explain the chronification of stress in burnout, including the moderating role of chronic headaches. Methods: A prospective study (n = 259 HCWs) at three points in time during the COVID-19 pandemic, from the alarm state phase (T1: May–June 2020) to the post-pandemic stage (T3: April–July 2022), including an intermediate measure six months after T1 (T2). Descriptive analyses, Pearson’s chi-square, Student’s t, logistic regressions, and moderated mediation models were conducted using the Process package for SPSS. In addition to headaches, socio-demographic, occupational, emotional symptomatology, and personality variables were included. Results: At T1 the prevalence of headaches was 69.9%. At T2 the prevalence was 73.7%. Of these, 59.5% are T1–T2 sustained headaches. Headaches at T1 were associated with age (p = 0.010) (younger HCWs), professional category (p = 0.049) (nurses), service (p = 0.023) (ICU, COVID hospitalization), non-availability of PPE (p = 0.010), additional COVID-19 symptomatology (p < 0.001), and concern for contagion of family members (p < 0.001) (higher scores). In addition, HCWs with headaches had higher levels of stress (p = 0.001), anxiety (p = 0.001), depression (p = 0.041), and sleep disorders (p < 0.001). A subsequent logistic regression analysis showed that of the above variables, the presence of additional COVID-19 symptoms (p < 0.001) and depression (p = 0.010) were the predictor variables. With regard to the maintenance of headaches (T1–T2), anxiety (p = 0.035), stress (p = 0.001), and cognitive fusion (p = 0.013) were found to be the significant variables. The tested model proposes anxiety (T1) as antecedent, cognitive fusion (T2) as mediator, burnout (T3) as consequent, and chronic headaches (yes/no) as the moderating variable between anxiety and burnout (model 5). The model is significant (F = 19.84, p < 0.001) and contributes to the explanation of 36% of the variance of burnout. The relationships in the model are all statistically significant, and specifically chronic headaches contribute to a 6-fold increase in the likelihood of burnout. Conclusions: The present research differentiates between precipitating and maintenance factors of headaches in HCWs. The former, more studied in previous research, are usually related to sociodemographic and occupational variables and levels of anxiety and stress. Maintenance factors, scarcely explored, are related to the maintenance of emotional symptomatology and the inability to manage intrusive thoughts (i.e., cognitive fusion). Of particular interest is that the presence of chronic headaches itself is capable of producing burnout as a post-COVID syndrome.

Background and objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health problem affecting between 10% and 15% of the Spanish population. The lack of updated projections of the evolution of the disease burden hinders the development of evidence-based health policies and interventions to optimise the management of the disease and prevent its progression. The aim of this study is to project the evolution of the clinical and economic burden of CKD in Spain between 2022 and 2027. Materials and methods: Inside CKD uses a validated microsimulation approach to project the burden of CKD. The projection is based on a virtual population according to Spanish demographics, literature, national data registries and clinical expert opinion. Costs associated with CKD management, renal replacement therapy (RRT), cardiovascular complications and arterial comorbidities were included. Results: In Spain, an absolute increase in the prevalence of CKD of 1% (from 10.7% to 11.7%) is expected between 2022 and 2027, corresponding to an increase from 5.14 million to 5.68 million patients in 2027. However, only one third of CKD patients would be diagnosed. Of these diagnosed patients, 3.9% will require RRT in 2027, an increase of 14.7% from 2022. A total of 654,281 accumulated deaths are expected in patients with CKD diagnosed between 2022 and 2027. The economic burden of diagnosed CKD is expected to increase by 13.8% to 4.89 billion euros in 2027, representing 5.56% of total Spanish public health expenditure in 2027 (compared to 4.88% in 2022), of which 42.5% will be allocated to RRT (2.4% of public health expenditure). Conclusions: The Inside CKD project highlights the growing clinical, economic and social burden of CKD in Spain expected by 2027. Progression to more advanced stages with the need for RRT and associated complications represent a small proportion of the total CKD population, but contribute significantly to overall costs. Resumen: Antecedentes y objetivos: La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un problema de salud creciente que afecta entre el 10–15% de la población española. La escasez de proyecciones actualizadas sobre la evolución de la carga de enfermedad obstaculiza el desarrollo de políticas e intervenciones sanitarias basadas en la evidencia para optimizar el manejo de la enfermedad y prevenir su progresión. El objetivo de este estudio es proyectar la evolución de la carga clínica y económica de la ERC en España entre 2022 y 2027. Materiales y métodos: Inside CKD utiliza un enfoque de microsimulación validado para analizar la carga proyectada de la ERC, a partir de una población hipotética según la demografía española, bibliografía, registros de datos nacionales y opinión de expertos clínicos. Los costes incluidos fueron asociados a la gestión de la ERC, el tratamiento renal sustitutivo (TRS), las complicaciones cardiovasculares y las comorbilidades arteriales. Resultados: En España, se prevé un incremento absoluto en la prevalencia de ERC del 1% (del 10,7% a 11,7%) entre 2022 y 2027, equivalente a un aumento de 5,14 a 5,68 millones de pacientes en 2027, de los cuales solo un tercio serían diagnosticados. Se prevé un total de 654.281 muertes acumuladas en pacientes con ERC diagnosticada entre 2022 y 2027. El 3,9% de los pacientes diagnosticados requerirán TRS en 2027, un incremento del 14,7% respecto a 2022. La carga económica de la ERC diagnosticada se prevé que aumente un 13,8%, hasta los 4.890 millones de euros en 2027, lo que representaría un 5,56% del gasto sanitario público español total en 2027 (frente a 4,88% en 2022), de los cuales el 42,5% se destinará a TRS (2,4% del gasto sanitario público). Conclusiones: El proyecto Inside CKD demuestra la creciente carga clínica, económica y social de la ERC en España prevista para el 2027. La progresión a los estadios más avanzados con necesidad de TRS y las complicaciones asociadas representan una pequeña parte de la población total con ERC, pero contribuyen de forma significativa a los costes totales.

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem with an increasing clinical, social and economic impact in advanced stages. Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor that reduces the risk of CKD progression, in addition to provide cardiovascular benefits and reduce all-cause mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the short-term clinical and economic impact of dapagliflozin as an add-on to renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) standard therapy for CKD in Spain. Materials and methods: A cost-offset model was used to compare the costs of clinical events and pharmacological per 100,000 CKD patients in a virtual cohort treated with dapagliflozin added to RAASi standard therapy versus RAASi standard therapy alone. Renal (progression to renal failure and acute kidney injury), cardiovascular (hospitalisation for heart failure [HF]), and all-cause mortality events were assessed. The incidence of clinical events by treatment arm was obtained from the DAPA-CKD study, and costs were obtained from national databases and the literature. Results: Over 3 years, treatment with dapagliflozin would reduce progression to renal failure (−33%; 7221 vs. 10,767), hospitalisation for HF (−49%; 2370 vs. 4683) and acute kidney injury (−29%; 4110 vs. 5819). The savings associated with this reduction in events was ;258 million per 100,000 patients, of which 63.4% is due to the avoidance of dialysis for renal failure. Considering the event and pharmacological treatment costs, the total net savings were estimated at ;158 million per 100,000 patients. Conclusions: Delaying progression of CKD and reducing the incidence of clinical events thanks to the treatment with dapagliflozin could generate savings for the Spanish National Health System, even when pharmacological costs are taken into account. Resumen: Antecedentes y objetivos: La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un grave problema de salud cuyo impacto clínico, social y económico se incrementa en estadios avanzados. Dapagliflozina es un inhibidor del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa-2 que reduce el riesgo de progresión de la ERC, además de proporcionar beneficios cardiovasculares y reducir la mortalidad por cualquier causa. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar el impacto clínico y económico a corto plazo de la adición de dapagliflozina a la terapia estándar con inhibidores del sistema renina angiotensina aldosterona (iSRAA) de la ERC en España. Materiales y métodos: Se empleó un modelo de compensación de costes que comparó los costes de los eventos clínicos y farmacológicos por cada 100.000 pacientes con ERC de una cohorte virtual tratada con dapagliflozina añadida a la terapia estándar con iSRAA frente a la terapia estándar con iSRAA sola. Se evaluaron eventos renales (progresión a fallo renal y lesión renal aguda), cardiovasculares (hospitalización por insuficiencia cardiaca [IC]) y mortalidad por cualquier causa. La incidencia de los eventos clínicos por tratamiento se obtuvo del estudio DAPA-CKD y los costes a partir de bases de datos y literatura nacional. Resultados: En 3 años, el tratamiento con dapagliflozina reduciría la progresión a fallo renal (−33%; 7.221 vs. 10.767), hospitalización por IC (−49%; 2.370 vs. 4.683) y lesión renal aguda (−29%; 4.110 vs. 5.819). El ahorro asociado a esta reducción de eventos es de 258 millones de ; por cada 100.000 pacientes, de los cuales el 63,4% corresponde a evitar la diálisis en el fallo renal. Considerando los costes de eventos y los costes farmacológicos del tratamiento, el ahorro total neto se estima en 158 millones de ; por cada 100.000 pacientes. Conclusiones: El retraso de la progresión de la ERC y la reducción de la aparición de eventos clínicos gracias al tratamiento con dapagliflozina podría generar ahorros para el SNS español, incluso teniendo en cuenta el coste incremental del tratamiento farmacológico.

Abstract Background Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) is the primary agent of Glässer’s disease, significantly affecting nursery and early fattening piglets. Current prophylactic measures, mainly serovar-specific bacterins administered to sows, are limited by maternal immunity, which can interfere with active immunization in piglets. Subunit vaccines containing G. parasuis-specific antigenic molecules show promise but are not yet commercially available. Transferrin-binding proteins (Tbp), which enable G. parasuis to acquire iron in low-iron environments like mucosal surfaces, have been proposed as potential vaccine antigens. The mucosal administration of a TbpB-based subunit vaccine could provide a promising solution to overcome the limitations posed by maternal immunity, offering an effective approach to control the disease in weaning piglets. This study, conducted in two phases, primarily evaluates (days 0–45) the immunogenicity of a two-dose oral mucosal TbpB-based subunit vaccine (TbpBY167A) administered to colostrum-deprived piglets, and subsequently (days 45–52), its heterologous protection by challenging these piglets with four G. parasuis clinical isolates from different TbpB clusters (I, III) and serovars (SV1, SV4, SV5, SV7) recovered from Spanish pig farms. Results The oral mucosal administration of the two-dose TbpB-based vaccine induced a robust humoral immune response in immunized colostrum-deprived piglets, significantly increasing IgA and IgM concentration 15 days after the second dose (p

Abstract Background Vasculogenic therapies explored for the treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD) have encountered minimal success in clinical trials. Addressing this, B55α, an isoform of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), emerges as pivotal in vessel remodeling through activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). This study delves into the pharmacological profile of VCE-004.8 (Etrinabdione) and evaluates its efficacy in a preclinical model of critical limb ischemia, with a focus on its potential as a PP2A/B55α activator to induce angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Methods Vascular endothelial cells were used for in vitro experiments. Aorta ring assay was performed to explore sprouting activity. Matrigel plug-in assay was used to assess the angiogenic potential. Critical limb ischemia (CLI) in mice was induced by double ligation in the femoral arteria. Endothelial vascular and fibrotic biomarkers were studied by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. Arteriogenesis was investigated by microvascular casting and micro-CT. Proteomic analysis in vascular tissues was analyzed by LC–MS/MS. Ex-vivo expression of B55α and biomarkers were investigated in artery samples from PAD patients. Results VCE-004.8 exhibited the ability to induce B55α expression and activate the intersecting pathways B55α/AMPK/Sirtuin 1/eNOS and B55α/PHD2/HIF-1α. VCE-004.8 prevented OxLDL and H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, senescence, and inflammation in endothelial cells. Oral VCE-004.8 increased aorta sprouting in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. In CLI mice VCE-004.8 improved collateral vessel formation and induced endothelial cells proliferation, angiogenic gene expression and prevented fibrosis. The expression of B55α, Caveolin 1 and Sirtuin-1 is reduced in arteries from CLI mice and PAD patient, and the expression of these markers was restored in mice treated with VCE-004.8. Conclusions The findings presented in this study indicate that Etrinabdione holds promise in mitigating endothelial cell damage and senescence, while concurrently fostering arteriogenesis and angiogenesis. These observations position Etrinabdione as a compelling candidate for the treatment of PAD, and potentially other cardiovascular disorders.

Reseña de: Borgognoni, Ezequiel (ed.), Reinas, virreinas y aristócratas en las monarquías ibéricas. Estudios sobre mujer, cultura y diplomacia en la Edad moderna, Madrid, Editorial Dykinson, 2022, 304 págs. ISBN: 978-84-1122-488-8.

The ID10 beamline of the SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East) synchrotron light source in Jordan was inaugurated in June 2023 and is now open to scientific users. The beamline, which was designed and installed within the European Horizon 2020 project BEAmline for Tomography at SESAME (BEATS), provides full-field X-ray radiography and microtomography imaging with monochromatic or polychromatic X-rays up to photon energies of 100 keV. The photon source generated by a 2.9 T wavelength shifter with variable gap, and a double-multilayer monochromator system allow versatile application for experiments requiring either an X-ray beam with high intensity and flux, and/or a partially spatial coherent beam for phase-contrast applications. Sample manipulation and X-ray detection systems are designed to allow scanning samples with different size, weight and material, providing image voxel sizes from 13 µm down to 0.33 µm. A state-of-the-art computing infrastructure for data collection, three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction and data analysis allows the visualization and exploration of results online within a few seconds from the completion of a scan. Insights from 3D X-ray imaging are key to the investigation of specimens from archaeology and cultural heritage, biology and health sciences, materials science and engineering, earth, environmental sciences and more. Microtomography scans and preliminary results obtained at the beamline demonstrate that the new beamline ID10-BEATS expands significantly the range of scientific applications that can be targeted at SESAME.

Life satisfaction has been identified as a cognitive indicator of subjective well-being as well as self-image, and these become fundamental factors in the development of young people during adolescence. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the possible associations between life satisfaction and self-perceived physical fitness in adolescents from a region of southeastern Spain. In addition, the aim is to evaluate the influence in these associations of gender and urban or rural living environment. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was carried out with 688 secondary school students (12 to 16 years old) in which the “Satisfaction with Life Scale” and the “Visual Analogical Scale of Physical Fitness Perception for Adolescents” were applied. The associations of the scales were analyzed through Spearman’s Rho test and the consistency of the scales through Cronbach’s Alpha. In addition, a linear regression analysis was carried out to evaluate the contributions of the different dimensions of physical fitness to the life satisfaction of the students. Medium, positive and significant correlations were found between the dimensions of physical fitness and life satisfaction. Similarly, the regression model showed that general physical fitness and endurance explained 20% of the variance in life satisfaction. Therefore, educational interventions and policies must take this information into account when designing and developing actions aimed at improving these cognitive factors.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic sped up the digitalization process and revolutionized the world of the digital employee. And today, advances in artificial intelligence are having a major impact on the field of Digital HR. In that context, further literature review work is needed on the term Digital HR to complement previous studies and lay the foundation for more pioneering literature on this topic. Then, the aim of this paper is to provide a framework for organizing the main themes discussed in the pioneering literature on digital HR by answering the following research question: What is the knowledge structure of the research in the field of digital human resources? An adaptation of the PRISMA model is used to structure the research design. Applying a mixed methodology, this paper uses a bibliometric technique to identify the main topics studied in Digital HR. Subsequently, in-depth analysis and logical reasoning are applied and a model is proposed based on four questions (how, what, where, who) in order to understand and develop research on digital HR. The RQ4 Digital-HR model constitutes a useful tool in academic, practical, professional, and social contexts. It is worth highlighting the importance of the inclusion of artificial intelligence in the daily processes of a company, and therefore in the progress of the proposed research topic.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that speech substantially changes in ageing. As a complex neurophysiological process, it can accurately reflect changes in the motor and cognitive systems underpinning human speech. Since healthy ageing is not always easily discriminable from early stages of dementia based on cognitive and behavioural hallmarks, speech is explored as a preclinical biomarker of pathological itineraries in old age. A greater and more specific impairment of neuromuscular activation, as well as a specific cognitive and linguistic impairment in dementia, unchain discriminating changes in speech. Yet, there is no consensus on such discriminatory speech parameters, neither on how they should be elicited and assessed. Aims: To provide a state-of-the-art on speech parameters that allow for early discrimination between healthy and pathological ageing; the aetiology of these parameters; the effect of the type of experimental stimuli on speech elicitation and the predictive power of different speech parameters; and the most promising methods for speech analysis and their clinical implications. Methods & Procedures: A scoping review methodology is used in accordance with the PRISMA model. Following a systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL, 24 studies are included and analysed in the review. Main Contribution: The results of this review yield three key questions for the clinical assessment of speech in ageing. First, acoustic and temporal parameters are more sensitive to changes in pathological ageing and, of these two, temporal variables are more affected by cognitive impairment. Second, different types of stimuli can trigger speech parameters with different degree of accuracy for the discrimination of clinical groups. Tasks with higher cognitive load are more precise in eliciting higher levels of accuracy. Finally, automatic speech analysis for the discrimination of healthy and pathological ageing should be improved for both research and clinical practice. Conclusions & Implications: Speech analysis is a promising non-invasive tool for the preclinical screening of healthy and pathological ageing. The main current challenges of speech analysis in ageing are the automatization of its clinical assessment and the consideration of the speaker's cognitive background during evaluation.

La relación entre la oratoria que se predicaba en el Palacio Real y la alta política se había consolidado durante el siglo XVII. Los predicadores reales solían utilizar la influencia que les proporcionaba el púlpito regio para convertirse en auténticos azotes políticos. Y la cuestión de la privanza resonó con gran fuerza durante el reinado de Carlos II. A lo largo de este artículo, se estudiará la visión que los predicadores reales tenían del IX conde de Oropesa, que ha sido considerado como el último favorito del rey. Teniendo presente el contexto en el que se movió Oropesa desde 1685 hasta su definitiva caída en desgracia en 1691, período que coincide con su primera época al frente del poder, aunque siempre en la sombra, se analizarán diferentes sermones que fueron predicados en la época y hacían referencia al gobierno de los reyes, así como a los peligros de la privanza.

Antecedentes: La Educación Física (EF) es una asignatura fundamental en el currículo escolar, que promueve el desarrollo físico y social de los alumnos fomentando hábitos saludables. Las experiencias positivas en Educación Física les permiten superar retos, aprender a lidiar con la frustración y desarrollar una imagen corporal positiva. Estas competencias son fundamentales para el desarrollo del bienestar personal y las relaciones sociales en niños y adolescentes. Sin embargo, la percepción de su importancia puede variar significativamente entre los alumnos, influida por diferentes factores, entre ellos la comunicación en el aula. Objetivos: Analizar la influencia de la comunicación verbal y no verbal de los profesores en el aula sobre la percepción de los alumnos de la importancia de la educación física. Métodos: Se realizó la prueba de correlación Rho de Spearman para analizar la relación entre la relevancia asignada a la EF y la Escala de Comunicación en Educación Física (ECEF) en 960 adolescentes. Y el modelo predictivo con un análisis de regresión lineal para identificar las variables que podrían predecir la importancia de la EF.; Resultados: Se encuentra una correlación positiva y significativa entre la comunicación verbal y no verbal y la importancia de la EF (ρ=0,215, p

This study aimed to create a new throwing test for assessing technical performance (accuracy) in boccia among female international players with cerebral palsy. Five international athletes (100% of a National Team) representing different functional classes participated. The test, conducted twice over two days, involved throwing 8 or 12 balls at five ground targets. Time to complete the test was recorded, along with average radial error (ARE) and constant errors (CE) in the X and Y axes for each throwing zone and the total test. Results indicated consistent performance between repetitions but decreased execution time. Reliability indicators showed acceptable consistency (ICC = 0.44 to 0.71; SEM = 1.23 to 3.19; MDC = 2.44 to 6.33). This novel test demonstrates validity and reliability for evaluating technical proficiency in boccia BC1, BC2, and BC3 classes, offering practical implications for coaches in designing training programs.

In this research work, four distinct WO3 electrodes were synthesized and coated with three different polymers, known as polypyrrole (PPy), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) in poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and polyaniline (PANi), using electropolymerization techniques. The morphological features of the samples were thoroughly characterized through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analyses. Additionally, contact angle measurements and electrochemical characterizations were used to verify the performance of each electrode, aiding in the prediction of their suitability for energy storage applications in lithium-ion batteries. The electrodes were subsequently employed as anodes in lithium-ion batteries, and charge-discharge cycles were performed to analyze its specific capacity, and the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) technique was employed to analyze its behavior both before and after cycling. The results revealed superior performance for WO3 electrodes with PEDOT:PSS coating electropolymerized during 100 min at 0.4 mA. This comprehensive investigation not only sheds light on the synthesis and morphological characteristics of WO3 electrodes but also highlights the crucial role of PEDOT:PSS in enhancing electrochemical behavior for efficient energy storage applications.

Reseña de esta obra

El presente texto pretende revisar el privilegio del conocimiento de sí tal como lo ha entendido la filosofía de la reflexión desde Descartes. Tomando a Brentano y su clásica distinción entre fenómeno físico y fenómeno psíquico como hilo conductor, nos adentramos en la cuestión, tan asumida desde la filosofía de la reflexión, del supuesto privilegio del conocimiento de sí mismo como inmediato, evidente e infalible. Precisamente un atento examen muestra que lo mentado y el mentar no difieren precisamente en ello y que la tentación idealista sin embargo tampoco es correcta. Se concluye, a partir de la intencionalidad y del modo primario en que el objeto intencional se nos da, que la distinción entre lo dado y lo supuestamente dado sigue siendo una tarea no exenta de errores por la profundidad de lo real, pero que, como muestran los filósofos realistas, son superables.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for several hematological diseases. Prospective and retrospective studies have associated myeloablative conditioning regimens with increased non-relapse mortality and less intense regimens with disease relapse, leading to similar overall survival rates.Objectives: Analyze the experience with the different RIC schemes in patients transplanted for AML/MDS in our program.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed our program's reduced-intensity conditioning regimens (RIC) between 2012 and 2022 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).Results: During this period, 450 allogeneic stem cell transplantations were performed, of which 52 patients were treated with RIC for AML, mostly in men. The 3-year overall survival/progression-free survival rates were 52/53%, 51/57%, and 57/55% in the fludarabine-reduced intensity with total-body irradiation, Melphalan, and Busulfan, respectively (p = 0.89). The composite incidences of aGVHD III-IV, cGVHD, and admission to the critical patient unit were 21%, 25%, and 30%, respectively, without statistically significant differences according to the type of conditioning, but with a trend of greater ICU admission in patients who used melphalan-based conditioning.Conclusion: Our study found no differences in overall survival, progression-free survival, and complications between the most commonly used reduced-intensity conditioning regimens.

A number of university educators decided to implement an experience "pilot": the co-creation of a blog with students in which they disseminated some topics of the subject "Spanish political system", taken as part of a joint honors degree in law and political science from the Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology of the Complutense University of Madrid. Four professors and 42 students participated in this experience. In the first phase, the students, under the supervision of the professors, collaboratively developed each of the assigned topics. To do so, the professors explained the dynamics, provided them with a series of resources, trained them in collaborative work techniques, supervised the whole process, and resolved all their doubts. In a second phase, they jointly evaluated one subject to see the possible deviations that had occurred with respect to the initial model, in order to be able to correct them in the rest. In addition, the professors conducted a student survey to measure teamwork and the impact of the blog, the results of which were shared with the participants and at specialized conferences. Thanks, this pilot program has shown that blogging is an important technological tool for the transformation and improvement of teaching and learning processes, and that it encourages the active role of students and promotes their collaborative learning, generating knowledge with and for students.

Abstract Background The role of beta calcitonin gene-related peptide (beta-CGRP) in gastrointestinal tract is obscure, but experimental models suggest an effect on the homeostasis of the intestinal mucosa. We measured beta-CGRP circulating levels in a large series of subjects with a recent diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in order to assess the potential role of this neuropeptide in IBD pathogenesis. Methods Morning serum beta-CGRP levels were measured by ELISA (CUSABIO, China) in 96 patients recently diagnosed of IBD and compared with those belonging from 50 matched healthy controls (HC) and 50 chronic migraine (CM) patients. Results Beta-CGRP levels were lower in patients with IBD (3.1 ± 1.9 pg/mL; 2.9 [2.4-3.4] pg/mL) as compared to HC (4.7 ± 2.6; 4.9 [4.0-5.8] pg/mL; p

The boom of rural tourism in Extremadura (Spain) has been promoted by different administrations, both national and European, through multiple initiatives carried out for several decades. However, it has been developed in a generic way, ignoring the potential of agricultural landscapes for the development of agritourism as a specific variety. Therefore, this research aims to know the opinion of rural lodging owners in order to understand how the activity can be reoriented towards a more specific one, taking advantage of the potential of this type of tourist attraction. For this purpose, information has been collected through surveys to these owners. By carrying out a statistical analysis and a territorial analysis, it is possible to know their socio-demographic structure, as well as the characteristics of the accommodations and other aspects related to the activities they offer to tourists. Following the analyses, characteristics such as age, level of education and sources of income were identified, revealing a lack of knowledge of agritourism. It was also discovered that many lodgings could offer agritourism activities due to the presence of farms and attractive landscapes for tourists. However, there was a lack of activities related to agriculture and livestock, which represents a missed opportunity for the development of agritourism. The territorial analysis showed patterns of activity supply in certain areas, suggesting the possibility of promoting the sustainable development of rural areas through the diversification of tourism activities. Perhaps the main conclusion that can be drawn is the need to take advantage of the attractive landscape and the presence of activity companies to promote the economic and social development of rural areas, contributing to the conservation of traditions and the fight against depopulation.

The known distribution of Bothriechis aurifer (Salvin, 1860) is outdated, which impedes an accurate evaluation of its conservation status. Here, we clarify the locality-level distribution of B. aurifer and announce a 101-km range extension. Based on this and other data, we recommend its recategorization as Endangered under the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species, and its addition to Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. We also discuss problematic previous records and offer conservation recommendations. A complete Spanish translation of this paper is available in the Supplemental Data. Una traducción completa al español de este artículo está disponible en los Datos Suplementarios.

En la realización de esta investigación nos propusimos como objetivo el análisis la inclusión educativa y la interculturalidad en la educación superior, partimos de la premisa: la inclusión es un tema polémico, polisémico y de muy diversas aplicaciones. En la educación en las últimas décadas se ha utilizado para diferenciar características culturales, de capacidades y de habilidades que marcan diferencias humanas y de raza. Es preciso subrayar que no necesariamente comulgamos con algunas ideas que se plasman desde esa perspectiva. En este artículo discutiremos acerca de la educación inclusiva e intercultural en el nivel superior basados en reflexiones desde la experiencia y la importancia del contexto. Se hicieron revisiones de documentos como leyes orgánicas de las universidades interculturales, particularmente a la Universidad Autónoma Indígena de México, pionera de la educación superior intercultural, por otra parte la vivencia en los espacios educativos de la universidad fueron un insumo importante en las discusiones y resultados descritos en este artículo.

As the integration of AI-powered technologies in education grows, data literacy has become a key competence for educators, shaping their ability to navigate and utilize vast amounts of educational data. This study details the development of the Educators Data Literacy Self-Assessment (EDLSA), a questionnaire designed to assess perceived data literacy among K-12 teachers, focusing on its behavioural implications. The development of the EDLSA was rigorous. It involved an exhaustive qualitative review of frameworks and a pilot test in a teachers' Spanish sample (n = 66) provided relevant insights for refining the instrument. Finally, we conducted a comprehensive statistical analysis, which confirmed the instrument's robust reliability (α = 0.976) in measuring teachers' data management competence. The results of the factorial analysis in piloting primary and secondary education samples led to the readjustment of the proposed dimensions into three categories: comprehensive educational analytics, educational problem-solving through data, and promoting meta-learning students through data and ethical implications. Stemmed from the assessed competencies, the EDLSA instrument provides a comprehensive understanding of the human-computer interaction over data in educational settings. Overall, this self-assessment tool presents robust psychometric properties and a framework definition that paves the way for further development among teachers and researchers.