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152 results on '"Jordan, Fiona M."'

7. Kinbank: A global database of kinship terminology

Author

Passmore, Sam, primary, Barth, Wolfgang, additional, Greenhill, Simon J., additional, Quinn, Kyla, additional, Sheard, Catherine, additional, Argyriou, Paraskevi, additional, Birchall, Joshua, additional, Bowern, Claire, additional, Calladine, Jasmine, additional, Deb, Angarika, additional, Diederen, Anouk, additional, Metsäranta, Niklas P., additional, Araujo, Luis Henrique, additional, Schembri, Rhiannon, additional, Hickey-Hall, Jo, additional, Honkola, Terhi, additional, Mitchell, Alice, additional, Poole, Lucy, additional, Rácz, Péter M., additional, Roberts, Sean G., additional, Ross, Robert M., additional, Thomas-Colquhoun, Ewan, additional, Evans, Nicholas, additional, and Jordan, Fiona M., additional

Published
2023
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20. Kin Term Borrowings in the World's Languages.

Author

Honkola, Terhi and Jordan, Fiona M.

Subjects
UNIVERSAL language, SOCIAL dynamics, VOCABULARY, KINSHIP, SOCIAL change, DATABASES
Abstract

The universality of kinship terms means they are regarded, like much basic vocabulary, as resistant to borrowing. Kin term borrowings are documented at varying frequencies, but their role in the dynamics of change in this core social domain is understudied. We investigated the dimensions and the sociolinguistic contexts of kinship borrowings with 50 kinship categories from a global sample of 32 languages, a subset extracted from the World Loanword Database. We found that more borrowings take place in affinal kin categories and in generations denoting relatives older than ego. Close kin categories also have borrowings, but the borrowed items usually coexist with other, presumably non-borrowed variants. Colonisation and the spread of cultures and religions were main inducing forces for kin term borrowings; new terms often enter a language via bilingualism. These tentative patterns can be studied further with larger datasets in future systematic studies of kinship borrowings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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21. No universals in the cultural evolution of kinship terminology

Author

Passmore, Sam and Jordan, Fiona M.

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Structure (mathematical logic), media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, 050109 social psychology, Bantu languages, Sister, Problem of universals, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, Genealogy, Kinship terminology, Anthropology, Kinship, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sociology, Sociocultural evolution, Applied Psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Diversity (politics), media_common
Abstract

Kinship terminologies are the semantic systems of language that express kinship relations between individuals: in English, 'aunt' denotes a parent's sister. Theoretical models of kinship terminology diversity reduce over 10 billion possible organisations to six key types, each of which are hypothesised to be aligned with particular cultural norms of descent, marriage or residence patterns (Murdock, 1949). Often, terminological type is used to infer social patterns in past societies based on these putative relationships between kinship terminologies and social structure, and these associations are staples of 'Anthropology 101'. However, these relationships have not been scrutinised using modern comparative methods. Here we show that kinship terminologies vertically track language phylogeny in Austronesian, Bantu, and Uto-Aztecan, three languages families of different time-depths and environments. We find no unidirectional or universal models of evolution in kinship terminology. Of 18 existing anthropological coevolutionary theories regarding kinship terminology and cultural practices across 176 societies, we find only patchy support, and no evidence for putative universal drivers of evolution in kinship terminologies.

Published
2020

22. Cultural Evolution of the Structure of Human Groups

Author

Jordan, Fiona M., primary, Schaik, Carel van, additional, François, Pieter, additional, Gintis, Herbert, additional, Haun, Daniel B. M., additional, Hruschka, Daniel J., additional, Janssen, Marco A., additional, Kitts, James A., additional, Lehmann, Laurent, additional, Mathew, Sarah, additional, Richerson, Peter J., additional, Turchin, Peter, additional, and Wiessner, Polly, additional

Published
2013
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24. Pathways to social inequality

Author

Haynie, Hannah J., primary, Kavanagh, Patrick H., additional, Jordan, Fiona M., additional, Ember, Carol R, additional, Gray, Russell D., additional, Greenhill, Simon J., additional, Kirby, Kathryn R., additional, Kushnick, Geoff, additional, Low, Bobbi S., additional, Tuff, Ty, additional, Vilela, Bruno, additional, Botero, Carlos A., additional, and Gavin, Michael C., additional

Published
2021
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30. Language trees support the express-train sequence of Austronesian expansion

Author

Gray, Russell D. and Jordan, Fiona M.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Russell D. Gray (corresponding author); Fiona M. Jordan Languages, like molecules, document evolutionary history. Darwin [1] observed that evolutionary change in languages greatly resembled the processes of biological evolution: [...]

Published
2000
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32. The Evolution of Australian Kin Terminologies: Models, Conditions, and Consequences.

Author

Keen, Ian, Dousset, Laurent, Fox, James J., Gaby, Alice, Layton, Robert, Morphy, Howard, Morphy, Frances, Read, Dwight, Sheard, Catherine, and Jordan, Fiona M.

Subjects
KINSHIP, TERMS & phrases, EASTERN Arrernte language, NGARINYIN (Australian people), NGARINYIN language, YOLNGU languages
Abstract

This article proposes that the more complex and highly differentiated Australian Aboriginal kin terminologies such as those belonging to the Arrernte, Ngarinyin, and Yolngu languages evolved from simpler, less differentiated terminologies similar in form to those classified by Radcliffe-Brown as the Kariera type. The article offers models of that evolution and discusses when these developments may have occurred, as well as some of the implications for the diversity of Aboriginal societies. Along the way, it reconsiders the classification of Australian kin terminologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. A note on the kinship system in Proto-Tupí-Guaraní

Author

Birchall, Joshua, Henrique, Luis, and Jordan, Fiona M

Abstract

This study explores the kinship terminology of Proto-Tupí-Guaraní (PTG) through an interdisciplinary perspective that draws on ethnology, historical linguistics, and the ethnography of Tupi-Guaranian peoples. Inferences about cultural prehistory are made through phylogenetic comparative methods, a suite of computational tools for exploring evolutionary change in related populations, applied to a dataset of kinship terms from 24 Tupi-Guaranian languages. The study outlines the coding procedure for typological data, along with the parameters, inputs, and assumptions of the evolutionary models. Parsimony-based ancestral state inference is used to reconstruct a number of typological features of the kinship system of PTG, such as fusion and bifurcation in the first ascending generation (+1), relative age and sex-based distinctions in sibling terminology, and terminological equation between siblings and parallel cousins. The current state of reconstruction of the linguistic forms for kinship terms in PTG is reviewed, and these forms are mapped onto the system inferred through comparative analysis. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the utility of phylogenetic analysis for inferring kinship structures in ancestral language communities.

Published
2019

40. A Bayesian phylogenetic study of the Dravidian language family

Author

Kolipakam, Vishnupriya, Jordan, Fiona M., Dunn, Michael, Greenhill, Simon J., Bouckaert, Remco, Gray, Russell D., Verkerk, Annemarie, Kolipakam, Vishnupriya, Jordan, Fiona M., Dunn, Michael, Greenhill, Simon J., Bouckaert, Remco, Gray, Russell D., and Verkerk, Annemarie

Abstract

The Dravidian language family consists of about 80 varieties (Hammarstrom H. 2016 Glottolog 2.7) spoken by 220 million people across southern and central India and surrounding countries (Steever SB. 1998 Tn The Dravidian languages (ed. SB Steever), pp. 1-39: 1). Neither the geographical origin of the Dravidian language homeland nor its exact dispersal through time are known. The history of these languages is crucial for understanding prehistory in Eurasia, because despite their current restricted range, these languages played a significant role in influencing other language groups including IndoAryan (Indo-European) and Munda (Austroasiatic) speakers. Here, we report the results of a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of cognate -coded lexical data, elicited first hand from native speakers, to investigate the subgrouping of the Dravidian language family, and provide dates for the major points of diversification. Our results indicate that the Dravidian language family is approximately 4500 years old, a finding that corresponds well with earlier linguistic and archaeological studies. The main branches of the Dravidian language family (North, Central, South I, South II) are recovered, although the placement of languages within these main branches diverges from previous classifications. We find considerable uncertainty with regard to the relationships between the main branches.

Published
2018
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41. The global geography of human subsistence

Author

Gavin, Michael C, Kavanagh, PH, Haynie, HJ, Bowern, Claire, Ember, Carol R, Gray, Russell, Jordan, Fiona M., Kirby, Kathryn R, Kushnick, Geoff, Low, Bobbi S, Vilela, Bruno, Botero, Carlos A., Gavin, Michael C, Kavanagh, PH, Haynie, HJ, Bowern, Claire, Ember, Carol R, Gray, Russell, Jordan, Fiona M., Kirby, Kathryn R, Kushnick, Geoff, Low, Bobbi S, Vilela, Bruno, and Botero, Carlos A.

Abstract

How humans obtain food has dramatically reshaped ecosystems and altered both the trajectory of human history and the characteristics of human societies. Our species' subsistence varies widely, from predominantly foraging strategies, to plantbased agriculture and animal husbandry. The extent to which environmental, social and historical factors have driven such variation is currently unclear. Prior attempts to resolve longstanding debates on this topic have been hampered by an over-reliance on narrative arguments, small and geographically narrow samples, and by contradictory findings. Here we overcome these methodological limitations by applying multimodel inference tools developed in biogeography to a global dataset (818 societies). Although some have argued that unique conditions and events determine each society's particular subsistence strategy, we find strong support for a general global pattern in which a limited set of environmental, social and historical factors predicts an essential characteristic of all human groups: How we obtain our food.

Published
2018

42. Post-marital residence patterns show lineage-specific evolution

Author

Moravec, Jiří C, Atkinson, Quentin D., Bowern, Claire, Greenhill, Simon, Jordan, Fiona M, Ross, Robert M, Gray, Russell D., Marsland, Stephen, Cox, Murray P, Moravec, Jiří C, Atkinson, Quentin D., Bowern, Claire, Greenhill, Simon, Jordan, Fiona M, Ross, Robert M, Gray, Russell D., Marsland, Stephen, and Cox, Murray P

Abstract

Where a newly-married couple lives, termed post-marital residence, varies cross-culturally and changes over time. While many factors have been proposed as drivers of this change, among them general features of human societies like warfare, migration and gendered division of subsistence labour, little is known about whether changes in residence patterns exhibit global regularities. Here, we study ethnographic observations of post-marital residence in societies from five large language families (Austronesian, Bantu, Indo-European, Pama-Nyungan and Uto-Aztecan), encompassing 371 ethnolinguistic groups ranging widely in local ecologies and lifeways, and covering over half the worlds population and geographical area. We apply Bayesian comparative methods to test the hypothesis that post-marital residence patterns have evolved in similar ways across different geographical regions. By reconstructing past post-marital residence states, we compare transition rates and models of evolution across groups, while integrating the historical descent relationships of human societies. We find that each language family possesses its own best fitting model, demonstrating that the mode and pace of post-marital residence evolution is lineage-specific rather than global.

Published
2018

43. Social Practice and Shared History, Not Social Scale, Structure Cross‐Cultural Complexity in Kinship Systems.

Author

Rácz, Péter, Passmore, Sam, and Jordan, Fiona M.

Subjects
KINSHIP, SOCIAL perception, SOCIAL learning, POPULATION, CROSS-cultural studies
Abstract

Human populations display remarkable diversity in language and culture, but the variation is not without limit. At the population level, variation between societies may be structured by a range of macro‐evolutionary factors, including ecological and environmental resources, shared ancestry, spatial proximity, and covarying social practices. Kinship terminology systems are varying linguistic paradigms that denote familial social relationships of kin and non‐kin. Systems vary by the kinds of salient distinctions that are made (e.g., age, gender, generation) and the extent to which different kinds of kin are called by the same term. Here, we explore two kinds of explanations for an observed typology of kin terms for cousins. The first one derives the typology from a learning bottleneck linked to population size. This would lead to a correlation between community size and the type of kinship system. The second one derives it from a set of social practices, particularly marriage and transfer of resources that might shape kinship systems. Using a global ethnographic database of over a thousand societies, we show that marriage rules and shared linguistic affiliation have a significant influence on the type of kinship system found in a society. This remains true if we control for the effect of spatial proximity and cultural ancestry. By combining cognitive and historic approaches to this aspect of kinship, we suggest broader implications for the study of human social cognition in general. Kinship terminologies are basic cognitive semantic systems that all human societies use for organizing kin relations. Diversity in kinship systems and their categories is substantial, but constrained. Rácz, Passmore, and Jordan explore hypotheses about such constraints from learning theories and social pressures, testing the impact of a community‐size driven learning bottleneck against the social coordination demands of different kinds of marriage and resource systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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45. The global geography of human subsistence

Author

Gavin, Michael C., primary, Kavanagh, Patrick H., additional, Haynie, Hannah J., additional, Bowern, Claire, additional, Ember, Carol R., additional, Gray, Russell D., additional, Jordan, Fiona M., additional, Kirby, Kathryn R., additional, Kushnick, Geoff, additional, Low, Bobbi S., additional, Vilela, Bruno, additional, and Botero, Carlos A., additional

Published
2018
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47. Foregone Conclusions?: In Search of 'Papuans' and 'Austronesians'(1)

Author

Terrell, John Edward, Kelly, Kevin M., Rainbird, Paul, BELLWOOD, PETER, BRADSHAW, JOEL, BURLEY, DAVID V., CLARK, ROSS, DOUGLAS, BRONWEN, GREEN, R. C., INTOH, MICHIKO, JORDAN, FIONA M., GRAY, RUSSELL D., KANEKO, AKIRA, LUM, J. KOJI, PIETRUSEWSKY, MICHAEL, and RICHARDS, MARTIN

Subjects
Polynesians -- History, Melanesians -- History, Papuans -- History, Anthropological research -- Evaluation, Biological diversity -- Oceania
Published
2001

48. D-PLACE: A Global Database of Cultural, Linguistic and Environmental Diversity

Author

Kirby, Kathryn R., primary, Gray, Russell D., additional, Greenhill, Simon J., additional, Jordan, Fiona M., additional, Gomes-Ng, Stephanie, additional, Bibiko, Hans-Jörg, additional, Blasi, Damián E., additional, Botero, Carlos A., additional, Bowern, Claire, additional, Ember, Carol R., additional, Leehr, Dan, additional, Low, Bobbi S., additional, McCarter, Joe, additional, Divale, William, additional, and Gavin, Michael C., additional

Published
2016
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49. Cultural evolution of the structure of human groups

Author

Richerson, Peter J, Christiansen, Morten H, Richerson, P J ( Peter J ), Christiansen, M H ( Morten H ), Jordan, Fiona M, van Schaik, Carel, François, Pieter, Gintis, Herbert, Haun, Daniel B M, Hruschka, Daniel J, Janssen, Marco A, Kitts, James A, Lehmann, Laurent, Mathew, Sarah, Turchin, Peter, Wiessner, Polly, Richerson, Peter J, Christiansen, Morten H, Richerson, P J ( Peter J ), Christiansen, M H ( Morten H ), Jordan, Fiona M, van Schaik, Carel, François, Pieter, Gintis, Herbert, Haun, Daniel B M, Hruschka, Daniel J, Janssen, Marco A, Kitts, James A, Lehmann, Laurent, Mathew, Sarah, Turchin, Peter, and Wiessner, Polly

Published
2013

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