Search

We found that multi-layer coating of a Si substrate with SiO2 dielectric nanoparticles (NPs) was an effective method to suppress light reflection by silicon solar cells. To suppress light reflection, two conditions are required for the coating: 1) The difference of refractive indexes between air and Si should be alleviated, and 2) the quarter-wavelength antireflection condition should be satisfied while avoiding intrinsic absorption loss. Light reflection was reduced due to destructive interference at certain wavelengths that depended on the layer thickness. For the same thickness dielectric layer, smaller NPs enhanced antireflectance more than larger NPs due to a decrease in scattering loss by the smaller NPs.

A novel method for the direct conversion of deoxybenzoin into 2‐alkyl‐4,5‐diphenyloxazoles and 2‐aryl‐4,5‐diphenyloxazoles has been developed using treatment of HTIB and nitriles under solvent‐free microwave irradiation conditions.

Intranets are composed of a network of various devices, systems, and services supporting a wide variety of applications within an organization. Providing a secure, reliable, and efficient operating environment to support the organization's daily activities and its business is the most challenging task faced by operations and management staff today. Current management practices typically involve the use of separate, incompatible tools and techniques for managing networks, systems, and applications. What is needed desperately is a simple, uniform framework for managing not only networks but also systems and applications. Web-based management is a promising approach that can provide a truly integrated management solution. This article examines the key emerging technologies involved in Web-based management. The authors present an integrated architecture that can be used to manage all the networking and computing resources in an Intranet. Also presented are several specific examples where Web technology has been applied in managing different target resources for validating the architecture.

A novel method for the direct conversion of deoxybenzoin into 2‐alkyl‐4,5‐diphenyloxazoles and 2‐aryl‐4,5‐diphenyloxazoles has been developed using treatment of HTIB and nitriles under solvent‐free microwave irradiation conditions.

In this paper, we present a framework for managing ATM customer networks using WWW and CORBA technologies. The WWW technology may provide network management operators with platform independence, location independence, friendly and/or consistent management behavior as well as secure management operations. The main problems in a Web-based network management system may include limited management capabilities of HTTP operations and lack of supporting mechanisms for trap or event notifications. These problems are, in this paper, solved by the integration of Java and CORBA technologies. We extend the current Web technology which is being used for transferring various information on Internet to those which can be used to transfer management requests and replies as well as event notifications. A Web browser is used as a universal user interface for monitoring and controlling the activities of the ATM customer networks. We have developed an integrated customer network management system which can manage SNMP-enabled or CMIP-enabled network devices and provide ATM CNM services. In particular, we applied the CORBA technology to accommodate several management protocols such as SNMP, CMIP and other management protocols. Through the CORBA IDL-to-Java mapping, complex management operations as well as event notifications are supported without modification of the current WWW systems.

This paper presents a framework for managing customer networks using the Web technology. This framework extends the current Web technology which is being used for transferring various information on the Internet to those which can be used to transfer management requests and replies as well as traps and event notifications. A Web browser is used as a universal user interface for monitoring and controlling the activities of the networks. Using this framework, we have developed an integrated customer network management system which can manage SNMP-enabled or CMIP-enabled network devices. We also applied the CORBA technology to accommodate both SNMP and CMIP protocols. The details of our prototype implementation are also presented.

This paper presents a multi-domain Internet service management framework that uses service level agreement (SLA) to support QoS and to exchange management information across domain boundaries.

Thus considerable efforts have been directedtowards developing efficient methods for the conversion ofaldehydes into corresponding nitriles. Among the numerousmethods to prepare nitriles, the dehydration of aldoximeshas been served as one of the most useful method. Conven-tional methods for the dehydration of aldoximes include theuse of reagent systems such as alumina/methanesulfonylchloride