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Background Patients with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving anti-TNF or JAK-inhibitor therapy have attenuated responses to COVID-19 vaccination. We aimed to determine how IBD treatments affect neutralising antibody responses against the currently dominant Omicron BA.4/5 variants. Methods We prospectively recruited 329 adults (68 healthy controls (HC) and 261 IBD) who had received three doses of COVID-19 vaccine at nine UK centres. The IBD population was established (>12 weeks therapy) on either thiopurine (n=60), infliximab (IFX) (n=43), thiopurine & IFX combination (n=46), ustekinumab (n=43), vedolizumab (n=46) or tofacitinib (n=23). Pseudoneutralisation assays were performed and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (NT50) of participant sera was calculated. The primary outcome was anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralising response against wild-type (WT) virus and the BA.4/5 variant after the second and third doses of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, stratified by immunosuppressive therapy, adjusting for prior infection, ethnicity, vaccine type and age. Results Heterologous (two doses adenovirus vaccine, third dose mRNA vaccine) and homologous (three doses mRNA vaccine) vaccination strategies significantly increased neutralising titres against both WT SARS-CoV-2 virus and the BA.4/5 variants in HCs and IBD (fig 1). Antibody titres against BA.4/5 were significantly lower than antibodies against WT virus in both groups (Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) [95% CI], 0.11 [0.09, 0.15], P

Through the introduction of Team-Based Learning problem classes and a ‘Purple Pens’ feedback intervention in which students write their own feedback on a mixed formative and summative class test we have been able to observe a significant increase in exam performance in Foundation Year students. Both Science and Health students improved their exam performance by 13% and 11% respectively and both interventions were positively received by students.

No procede. The purposes of this study were: (i) Analyze the concurrent validity and reliability of an iPhone App for measuring time, velocity and power during a single sit-to-stand (STS) test compared with measurements recorded from a force plate; and (ii) Evaluate the relationship between the iPhone App measures with age and functional performance. Forty-eight healthy individuals (age range: 26-81 years) were recruited. All participants completed a STS test on a force plate with the movement recorded on an iPhone 6 at 240 frames-per-second. Functional ability was also measured using isometric handgrip strength and self-paced walking time tests. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Pearson's correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha (α) and Bland-Altman plots with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to test validity and reliability between instruments. The results showed a good agreement between all STS measurement variables; time (ICC=0.864, 95%CI=0.77-0.92; α=0.926), velocity (ICC=0.912, 95%CI=0.85-0.95; α=0.953) and power (ICC=0.846, 95%CI=0.74-0.91; α=0.917) with no systematic bias between instruments for any variable analyzed. STS time, velocity and power derived from the iPhone App show moderate to strong associations with age (|r|=0.63-0.83) and handgrip strength (|r|=0.4-0.64) but not the walking test. The results of this study identify that this iPhone App is reliable for measuring STS and the derived values of time, velocity and power shows strong associations with age and handgrip strength. No. Actividad Física y Deporte Terapia y Rehabilitación

Investigations are reported into the use of an electromagnetically convoluted arc, external to a magnetic field (B-field) producing coil, in combination with a parallel R, L, C resonant circuit for interrupting quasi-steady currents. In order to elucidate the complex interactions between the arc, B-field and R, L, C circuit, the B-field producing coil is energised independently from the current to be interrupted and the R, L, C circuit. Experimental results are presented for the time variation of the currents flowing through the arc gap, the B-field coil and the parallel R, L, C circuit, along with the voltage across the arc gap. An insight is gained into the role of various effects, which are produced by the complex interactions and which might be used to advantage for direct current interruption.

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Introduction In the maternity population the benefits of MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) screening remain unproven. The authors report results of recently introduced screening in Southampton. Methods Women were screened if booked for elective Caesarean or had other potential risks for MRSA carriage including previous MRSA, recent hospital admission, healthcare workers or being at higher risk of admission to maternal or neonatal high care. Swabs were taken from the nose, groin and any skin lesions including device insertion sites. All women screened were recommended topical decolonisation with chlorhexidine 4% until culture negative; women testing positive were recommended full decolonisation. Results Between 23 March 2009 and 31 December 2009, 4411 women gave birth, 647 (14.7%) women were screened, the majority prior to elective Caesarean and 7 (1.1%) were MRSA positive (nasal positive, groin negative in all). Of these, one was previously MRSA colonised, one was a healthcare worker, one screened negative 3 weeks previously and three were of Asian ethnicity. The laboratory cost of this screening was £5176. Over a similar period for the Trust as a whole, 0.66% of elective admissions and 1.60% of emergency admissions screened MRSA positive. The authors identified three Caesarean, and one perineal postnatal MRSA wound infections. Of these three were unscreened women and one (antenatal screen negative) had MRSA detected in the wound 21 days after Caesarean. Conclusion These results question current MRSA screening criteria in the Southampton maternity population and nationally. The authors recommend further local studies to inform improved targeted screening.

Four lines of evidence (clinical findings, epidemiology, inhibition of tumor growth together with prolongation of survival time, and mechanism of action) which suggest that certain phenothiazines, particularly chlorpromazine, possess a range of anti-neoplastic activities in man and in rodents which has not been generally recognised are reviewed and discussed. Chlorpromazine interferes with energy production in sensitive tumours; the mode of action appears to correspond to autooxidative cellular injury, a common form of cell death.

SummarySixteen Subjects Received Between 50 G To 121 G Of Wheat Bran In Their Diet For Between 6 To 26 Weeks. Five Were Normal Subjects, 5 Had Gallstones, And 6 Young Men Had Suffered A Previous Myocardial Infarction. The Serum Cholesterol Did Not Show Any Consistent Change In The Normal Subjects, But There Was A Fall In Cholesterol At 20 Weeks Inpatients With Gallstones; Patients With Previous Myocardial Infarction Had A Rise In Cholesterol Which Returned To Normal At 20 Weeks. There Was No Significant Change In The Serum Triglyceride.

Respiratory control ratios and translocase-mediated rates of 8-[14C]ADP entry were studied in liver mitochondria isolated from mice in which shock had been induced by the intraperitoneal injection of a lethal amount of a lipopolysaccharide endotoxin preparation from E. coli. No changes in either parameter were observed in the first half hr. ADP entry was found to be already substantially inhibited in liver mitochondria isolated from saline-injected control animals, but greater levels of inhibition were consistently seen in organelles from mice which had received endotoxin 6 hr previously; the respiratory control ratio was not significantly affected as a result of the administration of endotoxin. The full extent of translocate inhibition could not be assessed precisely in vivo, partly because artefacts arising during the isolation procedure of the organelles tended to reverse the effect to some degree.