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Este artigo analisa a emergência dos clubes-empresas no território brasileiro, a partir da lógica neoliberal e do período de financeirização da economia mundial. Por clube-empresa entende-se uma entidade de prática desportiva que adota como tipologia jurídica o modelo de sociedade empresarial. O surgimento desse fenômeno está diretamente relacionado com a conjuntura econômica e, especialmente no Brasil, apresenta-se como um fenômeno geográfico de característica ímpar. A pesquisa oportunizou o levantamento de todos os clubes-empresas brasileiros, chegando-se a mais de uma centena. A partir dessa sistematização e do cruzamento de outros dados (capital social, proprietários, competições participantes, etc.), foi possível, de modo geral, determinar que os clubes-empresas: (i) estão localizados em regiões de maior densidade técnica-informacional; (ii) são clubes com baixo investimento financeiro; (iii) e, apoiados em pessoas físicas, voltados estritamente a uma lógica de acumulação incipiente.

Este trabalho compõe parte do Trabalho Integralizador Multidisciplinar, proposto pelo curso de Engenharia Civil da Universidade Estadual de Minas Gerais, unidade de Divinópolis/MG. Teve por objetivo diagnosticar a apresentar propostas para a melhoria da infraestrutura de drenagem urbana, em uma das sub-bacias do córrego Olhos d’água, no município de Divinópolis/MG. A sub-bacia apresenta uma área de 453.197,9 m², está localizada nos bairros Chanador, Jardim Belvedere II e Bela Vista e apresenta uma ocupação que equivale a 43% da sua área total. Verificaram-se problemas de relacionados à ineficiência de manutenção e limpeza nas bocas de lobo, ausência de cadastro das galerias pluviais e intervenções pelos proprietários das edificações no funcionamento das sarjetas. A partir do diagnóstico foram apresentadas propostas a partir de medidas estruturais e não estruturais, com base nas diretrizes para a drenagem urbana dos municípios de Curitiba/PR e Belo Horizonte/MG.

Atualmente, a maior parte das pessoas podeesperar viver mais de 60 anos. A alta expectativa de vidaaliada a uma baixa taxa de fecundidade estão levando a umrápido envelhecimento da população mundial. Nesse estudopiloto foram avaliados e comparados quatro indivíduos, sendodois adultos jovens e dois idosos. Cada grupo com um indivíduotreinado e um não treinado. Os voluntários passaram por umacoleta que envolvia a percussão do tendão patelar e a aquisiçãodo sinal eletromiográfico (EMG) do musculo vasto medial (VM).Foram observadas as variáveis amplitude e latência do sinalEMG. Os resultados mostram que o grupo dos idosos atingevalores muito superiores de amplitude em relação ao grupo dosadultos jovens. No indivíduo idoso treinado a amplitude foisignificativamente maior. No que tange a latência, o fatortreinamento não se mostrou significativo para alterar o tempode reação dos indivíduos em ambos os grupos.

In our self-similar, analytical, magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) accretion-ejection solution, the density at the base of the outflow is explicitly dependent on the disk accretion rate - a unique property of this class of solutions. We had earlier found that the ejection index $p >\sim 0.1 (\dot{M}_{acc} \propto r^p ) $ is a key MHD parameter that decides if the flow can cause absorption lines in the high resolution X-ray spectra of black hole binaries. Here we choose 3 dense warm solutions with $p = 0.1, 0.3, 0.45$ and carefully develop a methodology to generate spectra which are convolved with the Athena and XRISM response functions to predict what they will observe seeing through such MHD outflows. In this paper two other external parameters were varied - extent of the disk, $\rm{r_o|_{max}} = 10^5, \, 10^6 \,\, \rm{r_G}$, and the angle of the line of sight, $i \sim 10 - 25^{\circ}$. Resultant absorption lines (H and He-like Fe, Ca, Ar) change in strength and their profiles manifest varying degrees of asymmetry. We checked if a) the lines and ii) the line asymmetries are detected, in our suit of synthetic Athena and XRISM spectra. Our analysis shows that Athena should detect the lines and their asymmetries for a standard 100 ksec observation of a 100 mCrab source - lines with equivalent width as low as a few eV should be detected if the 6-8 keV counts are larger than $10^4 - 10^5$ even for the least favourable simulated cases., 18 pages, 13 figures in the main body and 3 figures in the appendix. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Auxin is a crucial regulator of plant growth and development. Multiple internal and external signals converge at the regulation of auxin metabolism, intercellular transport, and signaling (Pernisova and Vernoux, 2021; Anfang and Shani, 2021). Considering this complexity, it remains largely unknown how plant cells monitor and ensure the homeostasis of auxin responses. PIN-LIKES (PILS) intracellular auxin transport facilitators at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are suitable candidates to buffer cellular auxin responses, because they limit nuclear abundance and signaling of auxin (Barbez et al., 2012; Beziat et al., 2017; Feraru et al., 2019; Sun et al., 2020). We used forward genetics to identify mechanisms that define the PILS6 protein abundance and thereby auxin signaling outputs. We screened for gloomy and shiny pils (gasp) mutants that define the levels of PILS6-GFP under a constitutive promoter. In this study, we show that GASP1 encodes for an uncharacterized RING/U-box superfamily protein and impacts on auxin signaling output. We conclude that the low auxin signaling in gasp1 mutants correlates with reduced abundance of PILS proteins, such as PILS5 and PILS6, which consequently balances auxin-related phenotypes. In agreement, we show that high and low auxin conditions increase and reduce PILS6 protein levels, respectively. Accordingly, non-optimum auxin concentrations are buffered by alterations in PILS6 abundance, consequently leading to homeostatic auxin output regulation. We envision that this feedback mechanism provides robustness to auxin-dependent plant development.

O futebol adquiriu novas formas de organização em um período marcado pelo meio técnico-científico-informacional, em que empresas se tornam globais. Dentre essas maneiras, está a apropriação de clubes de futebol locais por empresários e corporações globais, que recorrentemente se tornam proprietários de mais de um clube. Para designar a existência de diversas agremiações controladas pelo mesmo proprietário, utiliza-se a sigla MCO (multi-club ownership). O capital privado sediado nos Estados Unidos tem aumentado consideravelmente seu interesse no futebol e canalizado largos investimentos no esporte. No Brasil, a venda de 90% da Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (SAF) de Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas e 70% da SAF Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama para companhias norte-americanas em 2022 são os principais exemplos desse fenômeno. Este estudo analisa a interação em redes de clubes de futebol a partir do surgimento de MCO, com ênfase na nova onda de investimentos estadunidenses em clubes de futebol no Brasil. O artigo busca responder a seguinte questão: esta onda de investimento reforça a introdução subordinada dos clubes numa organização operacional em redes? Observou-se que a onda atual de investimentos dos EUA em clubes de futebol no Brasil ampliou o fenômeno de MCO, permitindo a subordinação de clubes locais a uma estrutura centralizada, especialmente a partir da implementação das SAFs.

Student’s grade retention is a key issue faced by many education systems, especially those in developing countries. In this paper, we seek to gauge the relevance of students’ personality traits in predicting grade retention in Brazil. For that, we used data collected in 2012 and 2017, in the city of Sertaozinho, countryside of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The surveys taken in Sertaozinho included several socioeconomic questions, standardized tests, and a personality test. Moreover, students were in grades 4, 5, and 6 in 2012. Our approach was based on training machine learning models on the surveys’ data to predict grade retention between 2012 and 2017 using information from 2012 or before, and then using some strategies to quantify personality traits’ predictive power. We concluded that, besides proving to be fairly better than a random classifier when isolated, personality traits contribute to prediction even when using socioeconomic variables and standardized tests results.

Esta dissertação de mestrado se vincula à linha de pesquisa Currículo, Formação de Professores e Saberes Docentes – Mestrado em Educação da Universidade Federal do Tocantins. Tem como objeto de pesquisa a formação do docente de Patologia e como objetivo geral compreender o perfil profissional dos docentes de Patologia dos cursos de Medicina das Universidades Públicas Federais da Região Norte do Brasil, por intermédio dos caminhos e correlações entre formação e docência. Para atingir esse propósito, delinearam-se os objetivos específicos, a saber: caracterizar a docência no contexto histórico do ensino superior no Brasil; descrever o papel do componente curricular de Patologia nos cursos de graduação em Medicina no Brasil, correlacionando-o, historicamente, com a docência; identificar o perfil profissional dos docentes de Patologia dos cursos de Medicina das Universidades Públicas Federais do Norte do Brasil; correlacionar seus perfis de formação médica com o desenvolvimento de suas carreiras docentes. A pesquisa apresenta enfoque na docência, de forma especial na formação do docente que atua no ensino superior na área de saúde, o que instigou a compreensão dos processos de implantação e gestão do ensino superior e a constituição da identidade docente nestes espaços. A abordagem utilizada é a qualitativa e possui caráter exploratório. Utilizou-se de fontes bibliográficas e documentais, cujos dados foram obtidos por meio de buscas em repositórios virtuais. A análise dos dados revelou um contexto contraditório na atuação do docente/patologista, na medida em que o percurso formativo de grande parte dos docentes pesquisados não está ancorado em um constructo teórico que contemple a formação docente e que possibilite desenvolver concepções de docência e formação de forma crítica e dialógica. This master's degree dissertation is linked to the research line Curriculum, Teacher Education and Teaching Knowledge – Master degree in Education at the Federal University of Tocantins. Its object of research is the development of the Pathology teacher and its general objective is to understand the professional profile of Pathology teachers in the Medical courses of Federal Public Universities in northern Brazil, through the paths and correlations between training and teaching. To achieve this purpose, specific objectives were outlined, namely: to characterize teaching in the historical context of higher education in Brazil; describe the role of the curricular component of Pathology in undergraduate Medical courses in Brazil, correlating it, historically, with teaching; to identify the professional profile of Pathology teachers in medical courses at Federal Public Universities in northern Brazil; correlate their medical training profiles with the development of their teaching careers. The research focuses on teaching, especially in the training of teachers working in higher education in the health area, which instigated the understanding of the processes of implementation and management of higher education and the constitution of a teacher identity in these spaces. The approach used is qualitative and has an exploratory character. Bibliographic and documentary sources were used, whose data were obtained through searches in virtual repositories. The analysis of the data revealed a contradictory context in the performance of the professor/pathologist as the training path of most of the researched teachers is not anchored in a theoretical construct that contemplates the teaching education and that allows them to develop conceptions of teaching and education in a critical and dialogical manner.

Astrophysical disks are likely embedded in an ambient vertical magnetic field. This ambient field is known to drive magneto-rotational turbulence in the disk bulk but is also responsible for the launching of magnetized outflows at the origin of astrophysical jets. The vertical structure and long-term (secular) evolution of such a system lack quantitative predictions. It is nevertheless this secular evolution that is proposed to explain time variability in many accreting systems such as X-ray binaries. We compute and analyze global 3D ideal-MHD simulations of an accretion disk threaded by a large-scale magnetic field. We evaluate the role of the turbulent terms in the equilibrium of the system. We then compute the transport of mass, angular momentum, and magnetic fields in the disk to characterize its secular evolution. We perform a parameter survey to characterize the influence of disk properties on secular transport. We find that weakly magnetized disks drive jets that carry away a small fraction of the disk angular momentum. The mass-weighted accretion speed remains subsonic although, there is always an upper turbulent atmospheric region where transonic accretion takes place. We show that a strongly magnetized version of the magneto-rotational instability drives this turbulence. The disk structure is drastically different from the conventional hydrostatic picture. The magnetic field is always dragged inwards in the disk, at a velocity that increases with the disk magnetization. Beyond a threshold on the latter, the disk undergoes a profound radial readjustment. It leads to the formation of an inner accretion-ejection region with a supersonic mass-weighted accretion speed and where the magnetic field distribution becomes steady, near equipartition with the thermal pressure. This inner structure shares many properties with the Jet Emitting Disk model described by Ferreira (1997)., Paper accepted on A&A, November 30, 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the dental caries experience and its associated factors in homeless persons. A non-probabilistic sample of 176 participants (mean age 37.8 years) was included in this cross-sectional study. Interviews and clinical examinations were performed. Dental caries experience was recorded based on the decayed, missing and filled teeth-index (DMFT). The dental caries experience was observed among 98.9 % of participants (mean DMFT 11.0 ± 6.95). Individuals in the “Over 44 years” age groups (PR = 1.4; 95 % CI = 1.1-1.6) and “30 to 36 years” (PR = 1.2; 95 % CI = 1.0 -1.4) had significantly higher caries experience. Individuals who do not brush or brush only 1x/day have 40 % and 20 % higher caries experience, respectively. Homeless persons had a high experience of dental caries, with significant tooth loss. Individuals in the advanced age groups, lack of income and non-achievement or low frequency of tooth brushing are factors associated with a greater experience of the disease in these individuals.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2023-01-16T19:10:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Jonathan Ferreira Ribeiro.pdf: 1529290 bytes, checksum: e5bb2d580582b81b09b468af651bdf24 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2023-01-16T19:10:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Jonathan Ferreira Ribeiro.pdf: 1529290 bytes, checksum: e5bb2d580582b81b09b468af651bdf24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-28 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior Language teaching is not going well; the criticism that the school does not encourage the training of readers, does not train students capable of reading and understanding manuals, reports, codes, instructions, poems, chronicles, summaries, graphs, tables, articles, editorials and many others is already on the lips of many other written materials and also to produce these materials in writing (ANTUNES, 2009). The aim of this research is to discuss the perspectives of Portuguese teachers of high school who work in the young and adult education about language and language teaching at school. We used the contributions of qualitative research and carried out semi-structured interviews with three teachers from a state school in the municipality of Nova Igua?u, which serves the largest number of EJA classes in at Nova Igua?u High School. The survey revealed that the teachers interviewed come from public and private institutions and that their training did not include teaching at EJA and that, despite not having chosen the field, they decided to stay there. The research also revealed that despite having learned the Portuguese language through the memorization of normative grammar, teachers seek to develop understanding and writing of texts through the development of pedagogical projects. O ensino de l?ngua n?o vai bem; j? est? na boca de muitos a cr?tica de que a escola n?o estimula a forma??o de leitores, n?o forma alunos capazes de ler e entender manuais, relat?rios, c?digos, instru??es, poemas, cr?nicas, resumos, gr?ficos, tabelas, artigos, editoriais e muitos outros materiais escritos e tamb?m de produzir por escrito esses materiais (ANTUNES, 2009). O objetivo desta pesquisa ? discutir as perspectivas de professores de L?ngua Portuguesa do Ensino M?dio que atuam na educa??o de jovens e adultos sobre a l?ngua e o ensino de l?ngua na escola. Utilizamos os aportes da pesquisa qualitativa e realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas com tr?s professores de uma escola estadual do munic?pio de Nova Igua?u, que atende o maior n?mero de turmas de EJA na rede estadual do munic?pio. A pesquisa revelou que os professores entrevistados s?o oriundos de institui??es p?blica e privadas e que sua forma??o n?o contemplava o ensino na EJA e que, apesar de n?o terem optado pelo campo, decidiram nela permanecer. A pesquisa revelou, ainda, que apesar de terem aprendido a l?ngua portuguesa atrav?s da memoriza??o da gram?tica normativa, os professores buscam desenvolver a compreens?o e a escrita de textos mediante o desenvolvimento de projetos pedag?gicos, eventos culturais e an?lise de fragmentos das redes sociais e que trabalhar como a realidade dos alunos ? a forma ideal para que se tenha uma aprendizagem significativa.

We proposed that the spectral evolution of transient X-ray binaries (XrB) is due to an interplay between two flows: a standard accretion disk (SAD) in the outer parts and a jet-emitting disk (JED) in the inner parts. We showed in previous papers that the spectral evolution in X-ray and radio during the 2010-2011 outburst of GX339-4 can be recovered. We now investigate the presence of low frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (LFQPOs) during an X-ray outburst, and address the possible correlation between the frequencies of these LFQPOs and the transition radius between the two flows, rJ. We select X-ray and radio data form 3 outbursts of GX339-4. We use the method detailed in paper IV to obtain $r_J(t)$ and $\dot{m}_{in}(t)$ for each outburst to reproduce the correlated evolution of the X-ray spectra and the radio emission for 3 different activity cycles of GX339-4. We also independently search and report the detection of 7 new LFQPOs in addition to the literature. We show that the frequency of Type C QPOs can be linked to the dynamical JED-SAD transition radius rJ, rather than the radius of optically thin-thick transition. The scaling factor q such that $\nu_{QPO} \simeq \nu_K (r_J) / q$ is $q \simeq 70-140$, consistent during the 4 cycles and similar to previous studies. The JED-SAD hybrid disk configuration not only provides a successful paradigm allowing us to describe XrB cycles, but also matches the QPO frequencies evolution. QPOs provide an indirect way to probe the JED-SAD transition radius, where an undetermined process produces secular variability. The demonstrated relation between the transition radius links Type C QPOs to the transition between the two flows, tying it to the inner magnetized structure of the jets. This direct connection between the jets' structure and the process responsible for Type C QPOs could naturally explain their puzzling multi-wavelength behavior., Comment: Accepted in publication in A&A, replaced since language editing

Jets are ubiquitous in the Universe and, as demonstrated in this volume, are seen from a large number of astrophysical objects. For a number of reasons, in particular their proximity and the abundant range of diagnostics to determine their characteristics, jets from young stars and their associated outflows may offer us the best opportunity to discover how jets are generated in general and the nature of the link between outflows and their accretion disks. Recently it has become clear that jets may be fundamental to the star formation process in removing angular momentum from the surrounding protoplanetary disk thereby allowing accretion to proceed. Moreover, with the realisation that planetary formation begins much earlier than previously thought, jets may also help forge planets by determining initial environmental characteristics. This seems to be particularly true within the so-called terrestrial planet forming zone. Here we review observations of jets from young stars which have greatly benefitted from new facilities such as ALMA, space observatories like Spitzer, Herschel and HST, and radio facilities like LOFAR and the VLA. Interferometers such as CHARA and GRAVITY are starting to make inroads into resolving how they are launched, and we can look forward to a bright future in our understanding of this phenomenon when JWST and the SKA come on stream. In addition, we examine the various magnetohydrodynamic models for how jets from young stars are thought to be generated and how observations may help us select between these various options., Comment: To appear in the New Astronomy Reviews special volume "100 Years of Jets" eds. Rob Fender and Ralph Wijers

Large millimeter interferometers are revealing a growing number of rotating outflows, which are suggested to trace magneto-centrifugal disk winds (MHD DWs). However, their impact on disk accretion is not yet well quantified. Here we identify systematic biases in retrieving the true launch zone, magnetic lever arm, and angular momentum flux of an MHD DW from apparent rotation signatures. Synthetic position-velocity cuts are constructed from self-similar MHD DWs over a broad range of parameters, and three different methods are applied for estimating the specific angular momentum. We find that the launch radius inferred using the well-known relation from Anderson et al. (2006) can markedly differ from the true outermost launch radius $r_{out}$ of the DW. The "double-peak separation" and "flow width" methods provide only a strict lower limit to $r_{out}$. This bias is independent of angular resolution and can reach a factor ten. In contrast, the "rotation curve" method gives a good estimate of $r_{out}$ when the flow is well resolved, and an upper limit otherwise. The magnetic lever arm is always underestimated. Only comparison with synthetic predictions can take into account properly all observational effects. As an application, we present a comparison with ALMA observations of HH212 at resolutions from 250 au to 16 au, which represents the most stringent observational test of MHD DW to date. This comparison confirms our predicted biases for the double-peak separation method, and the large $r_{out}\sim40~$au and small magnetic lever arm first suggested by Tabone et al. (2017). We also derive the first accurate analytical expression for the fraction of disk angular momentum extracted by an MHD disk wind of given radial extent, magnetic lever arm, and mass flux. Application to HH212 confirms that MHD DWs are serious candidates for the steady angular momentum extraction process in young disks., Accepted for publication in A&A

We want to test if self-similar magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) accretion-ejection models can explain the observational results for accretion disk winds in BHBs. In our models, the density at the base of the outflow from the accretion disk is not a free parameter but is determined by solving the full set of dynamical MHD equations without neglecting any physical term. Different MHD solutions were generated for different values of (a) the disk aspect ratio (e) and (b) the ejection efficiency (p). We generated two kinds of MHD solutions depending on the absence (cold solution) or presence (warm solution) of heating at the disk surface. The cold MHD solutions are found to be inadequate to account for winds due to their low ejection efficiency. The warm solutions can have sufficiently high values of p (0.1) which is required to explain the observed physical quantities in the wind. The heating (required at the disk surface for the warm solutions) could be due to the illumination which would be more efficient in the Soft state. We found that in the Hard state a range of ionisation parameter is thermodynamically unstable, which makes it impossible to have any wind at all, in the Hard state. Our results would suggest that a thermo-magnetic process is required to explain winds in BHBs. (© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Rotating outflows from protostellar disks might trace extended magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) disk winds (DWs), providing a solution to the angular momentum problem in disk accretion for star formation. In the jet system HH 212, a rotating outflow was detected in SO around an episodic jet detected in SiO. Here we spatially resolve this SO outflow into three components: a collimated jet aligned with the SiO jet, the wide-angle disk outflow, and an evacuated cavity in between created by a large jet-driven bowshock. Although it was theoretically predicted before, it is the first time that such a jet-DW interaction is directly observed and resolved, and it is crucial for the proper interpretation and modeling of non-resolved DW candidates. The resolved kinematics and brightness distribution both support the wide-angle outflow to be an extended MHD DW dominating the local angular momentum extraction out to 40 au, but with an inner launching radius truncated to $\gtrsim 4$ au. Inside 4 au, where the DW may not exist, the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) might be transporting angular momentum outwards. The jet-DW interaction in HH 212, potentially present in other similar systems, opens an entirely new avenue to probe the large-scale magnetic field in protostellar disks., 15 pages, 5 figures