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4. Analysis of time-to-event for observational studies: Guidance to the use of intensity models

Author

Andersen, Per Kragh, Perme, Maja Pohar, van Houwelingen, Hans C, Cook, Richard J, Joly, Pierre, Martinussen, Torben, Taylor, Jeremy MG, Abrahamowicz, Michal, and Therneau, Terry M

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

This paper provides guidance for researchers with some mathematical background on the conduct of time-to-event analysis in observational studies based on intensity (hazard) models. Discussions of basic concepts like time axis, event definition and censoring are given. Hazard models are introduced, with special emphasis on the Cox proportional hazards regression model. We provide check lists that may be useful both when fitting the model and assessing its goodness of fit and when interpreting the results. Special attention is paid to how to avoid problems with immortal time bias by introducing time-dependent covariates. We discuss prediction based on hazard models and difficulties when attempting to draw proper causal conclusions from such models. Finally, we present a series of examples where the methods and check lists are exemplified. Computational details and implementation using the freely available R software are documented in Supplementary Material. The paper was prepared as part of the STRATOS initiative., Comment: 28 pages, 12 figures. For associated Supplementary material, see http://publicifsv.sund.ku.dk/~pka/STRATOSTG8/

Published
2020

7. The Emergence of Technoscientific Fields and the New Political Sociology of Science

Author

Raimbault, Benjamin, Joly, Pierre-Benoît, Weingart, Peter, Managing Editor, Felt, Ulrike, Editorial Board Member, Hagner, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Hilgartner, Stephen H., Editorial Board Member, Jasanoff, Sheila, Editorial Board Member, Maasen, Sabine, Editorial Board Member, Mendelsohn, Everett, Editorial Board Member, Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg, Editorial Board Member, Shinn, Terry, Editorial Board Member, Whitley, Richard D., Editorial Board Member, Wittrock, Björn, Editorial Board Member, Kastenhofer, Karen, editor, and Molyneux-Hodgson, Susan, editor

Published
2021
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10. Genetic Complexities of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Blood Pressure, and Dementia

Author

Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, primary, Soumaré, Aicha, additional, Bis, Joshua C., additional, Surakka, Ida, additional, Jürgenson, Tuuli, additional, Joly, Pierre, additional, Knol, Maria J., additional, Wang, Ruiqi, additional, Yang, Qiong, additional, Satizabal, Claudia L., additional, Gudjonsson, Alexander, additional, Mishra, Aniket, additional, Bouteloup, Vincent, additional, Phuah, Chia-Ling, additional, van Duijn, Cornelia M., additional, Cruchaga, Carlos, additional, Dufouil, Carole, additional, Chêne, Geneviève, additional, Lopez, Oscar L., additional, Psaty, Bruce M., additional, Tzourio, Christophe, additional, Amouyel, Philippe, additional, Adams, Hieab H., additional, Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène, additional, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, additional, Gudnason, Vilmundur, additional, Milani, Lili, additional, Winsvold, Bendik S., additional, Hveem, Kristian, additional, Matthews, Paul M., additional, Longstreth, W. T., additional, Seshadri, Sudha, additional, Launer, Lenore J., additional, and Debette, Stéphanie, additional

Published
2024
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11. Early Mortality, Cardiovascular, and Renal Diseases in Women's Lives Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: The Prospective Nationwide Study CONCEPTION

Author

Lailler, Grégory, primary, Grave, Clémence, additional, Gabet, Amélie, additional, Joly, Pierre, additional, Regnault, Nolwenn, additional, Deneux‐Tharaux, Catherine, additional, Tstsaris, Vassilis, additional, Plu‐Bureau, Geneviève, additional, Kretz, Sandrine, additional, Blacher, Jacques, additional, and Olie, Valérie, additional

Published
2024
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14. Genetic Complexities of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Blood Pressure, and Dementia

Author

Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, Soumaré, Aicha, Bis, Joshua C., Surakka, Ida, Jürgenson, Tuuli, Joly, Pierre, Knol, Maria J., Wang, Ruiqi, Yang, Qiong, Satizabal, Claudia L., Gudjonsson, Alexander, Mishra, Aniket, Bouteloup, Vincent, Phuah, Chia Ling, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Cruchaga, Carlos, Dufouil, Carole, Chêne, Geneviève, Lopez, Oscar L., Psaty, Bruce M., Tzourio, Christophe, Amouyel, Philippe, Adams, Hieab H., Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Milani, Lili, Winsvold, Bendik S., Hveem, Kristian, Matthews, Paul M., Longstreth, W. T., Seshadri, Sudha, Launer, Lenore J., Debette, Stéphanie, Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, Soumaré, Aicha, Bis, Joshua C., Surakka, Ida, Jürgenson, Tuuli, Joly, Pierre, Knol, Maria J., Wang, Ruiqi, Yang, Qiong, Satizabal, Claudia L., Gudjonsson, Alexander, Mishra, Aniket, Bouteloup, Vincent, Phuah, Chia Ling, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Cruchaga, Carlos, Dufouil, Carole, Chêne, Geneviève, Lopez, Oscar L., Psaty, Bruce M., Tzourio, Christophe, Amouyel, Philippe, Adams, Hieab H., Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Milani, Lili, Winsvold, Bendik S., Hveem, Kristian, Matthews, Paul M., Longstreth, W. T., Seshadri, Sudha, Launer, Lenore J., and Debette, Stéphanie

Abstract

Importance: Vascular disease is a treatable contributor to dementia risk, but the role of specific markers remains unclear, making prevention strategies uncertain. Objective: To investigate the causal association between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, clinical stroke, blood pressure (BP), and dementia risk, while accounting for potential epidemiologic biases. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study first examined the association of genetically determined WMH burden, stroke, and BP levels with Alzheimer disease (AD) in a 2-sample mendelian randomization (2SMR) framework. Second, using population-based studies (1979-2018) with prospective dementia surveillance, the genetic association of WMH, stroke, and BP with incident all-cause dementia was examined. Data analysis was performed from July 26, 2020, through July 24, 2022. Exposures: Genetically determined WMH burden and BP levels, as well as genetic liability to stroke derived from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in European ancestry populations. Main Outcomes and Measures: The association of genetic instruments for WMH, stroke, and BP with dementia was studied using GWASs of AD (defined clinically and additionally meta-analyzed including both clinically diagnosed AD and AD defined based on parental history [AD-meta]) for 2SMR and incident all-cause dementia for longitudinal analyses. Results: In 2SMR (summary statistics-based) analyses using AD GWASs with up to 75 024 AD cases (mean [SD] age at AD onset, 75.5 [4.4] years; 56.9% women), larger WMH burden showed evidence for a causal association with increased risk of AD (odds ratio [OR], 1.43; 95% CI, 1.10-1.86; P = .007, per unit increase in WMH risk alleles) and AD-meta (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06-1.34; P = .008), after accounting for pulse pressure for the former. Blood pressure traits showed evidence for a protective association with AD, with evidence for confounding by shared genetic instruments. In the longitudinal (individual-level data

Published
2024

15. Joint latent class model for longitudinal data and interval-censored semi-competing events: Application to dementia

Author

Rouanet, Anaïs, Joly, Pierre, Dartigues, Jean-François, Proust-Lima, Cécile, and Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

Joint models are used in ageing studies to investigate the association between longitudinal markers and a time-to-event, and have been extended to multiple markers and/or competing risks. The competing risk of death must be considered in the elderly because death and dementia have common risk factors. Moreover, in cohort studies, time-to-dementia is interval-censored because dementia is only assessed intermittently. So subjects can become demented and die between two follow-up visits without being diagnosed. To study pre-dementia cognitive decline, we propose a joint latent class model combining a (possibly multivariate) mixed model and an illness-death model handling both interval censoring (by accounting for a possible unobserved transition to dementia) and semi-competing risks. Parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood handling interval censoring. The correlation between the marker and the times-to-events is captured by latent classes, homogeneous groups with specific risks of death and dementia and profiles of cognitive decline. We propose markovian and semi-markovian versions. Both approaches are compared to a joint latent class model for standard competing risks through a simulation study, and then applied in a prospective cohort study of cerebral and functional ageing to distinguish different profiles of cognitive decline associated with risks of dementia and death. The comparison highlights that among demented subjects, mortality depends more on age than duration of dementia. This model distinguishes the so-called terminal pre-death decline (among non-demented subjects) from the pre-dementia decline.

Published
2015
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17. Impact of Smoking Reduction Scenarios on the Burden of Myocardial Infarction in the French Population Until 2035.

Author

Kuhn, Johann, Olié, Valérie, Grave, Clémence, Strat, Yann Le, Bonaldi, Christophe, and Joly, Pierre

Subjects
SMOKING cessation, MYOCARDIAL infarction, TOBACCO use, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, FRENCH people
Abstract

Aim: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease caused by necrosis of the myocardium, which places a heavy burden on patients. In France, the proportion of daily smokers remains high, reaching at 25.5% in 2020. We evaluated the impact of smoking reduction scenarios on the projection of MI prevalence, mean age of incident cases and number of MI prevented cases until 2035. Methods and Results: The French government has introduced smoking cessation policies that have led to an annual decrease in smoking prevalence. Based on this annual decline, we implemented three scenarios (SC) simulating an annual decrease in the proportion of smokers aged over 35 (SC1: 1%, ie, natural evolution without intervention, SC2: 2%, SC3: 9.87%) and a fourth scenario (SC4) in which there is a complete discontinuation of smoking from 2024 onwards using MI hospitalization and demographic data, estimations for the proportion of daily smokers between 35 and 95 years and multi-state models. Between 2023 and 2035, MI prevalence increased from 3.18% to 4.23% in males and from 1.00% to 1.46% in females under SC1. MI prevalence was equal to 4.21%, 4.06%, and 3.82% in males and 1.45%, 1.40%, and 1.34% in females in 2035 according to SC2, SC3, and SC4, respectively. Compared with SC1, 0.68% MI cases would be prevented with SC2, 4.52% with SC3 and 10.34% with SC4, with almost half of cases being prevented before 65 years of age. The increase in the mean age of MI incident cases ranged from 3 to 4 years among males and from 1 to 2 years among females. Conclusion: While reducing tobacco use could substantially reduce the number of MI cases prevented, its prevalence would continue to increase due to the ageing population. An integrated prevention strategy that includes the leading cardiovascular risk factors should more efficiently reduce the future burden of MI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Synergistic Effect of UiO-66 Directly Grown on Kombucha-Derived Bacterial Cellulose for Dye Removal.

Author

Plaza-Joly, Pierre, Gallois, Arthur, Bosc-Rouessac, Florence, Drobek, Martin, and Julbe, Anne

Abstract

Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are particularly attractive sorbents with great potential for the removal of toxic dye pollutants from industrial wastewaters. The uniform dispersion of MOF particles on suitable substrates then represents a key condition to improve their processability and provide good accessibility to the active sites. In this work, we investigate the efficiency of a natural bacterial cellulose material derived from Kombucha (KBC) as an active functional support for growing and anchoring MOF particles with UiO-66 structures. An original hierarchical microstructure was obtained for the as-developed Kombucha cellulose/UiO-66 (KBC-UiO) composite material, with small MOF crystals (~100 nm) covering the cellulose fibers. Promising adsorption properties were demonstrated for anionic organic dyes such as fluorescein or bromophenol blue in water at pH 5 and pH 7 (more than 90% and 50% removal efficiency, respectively, after 10 min in static conditions). This performance was attributed to both the high accessibility and uniform dispersion of the MOF nanocrystals on the KBC fibers together with the synergistic effects involving the attractive adsorbing properties of UiO-66 and the surface chemistry of KBC. The results of this study provide a simple and generic approach for the design of bio-sourced adsorbents and filters for pollutants abatement and wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Reimagining Innovation

Author

Joly, Pierre-Benoit, Hill, Stephen, Series Editor, Nishimura, Kazuo, Series Editor, Yagi, Tadashi, Series Editor, Kawashima, Nobuko, Editorial Board Member, Lechevalier, Sébastien, Editorial Board Member, Nakata, Yoshifumi, Editorial Board Member, Pratt, Andy, Editorial Board Member, Sasaki, Masayuki, Editorial Board Member, Tachibanaki, Toshiaki, Editorial Board Member, Yano, Makoto, Editorial Board Member, and Zanola, Roberto, Editorial Board Member

Published
2019
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30. Contribution of Maternal Antiretroviral Therapy and Breastfeeding to 24-Month Survival in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected Children : An Individual Pooled Analysis of African and Asian Studies

Author

Arikawa, Shino, Rollins, Nigel, Jourdain, Gonzague, Humphrey, Jean, Kourtis, Athena P., Hoffman, Irving, Essex, Max, Farley, Tim, Coovadia, Hoosen M., Gray, Glenda, Kuhn, Louise, Shapiro, Roger, Leroy, Valériane, Bollinger, Robert C., Onyango-Makumbi, Carolyne, Lockman, Shahin, Marquez, Carina, Doherty, Tanya, Dabis, François, Mandelbrot, Laurent, Le Coeur, Sophie, Rolland, Matthieu, Joly, Pierre, Newell, Marie-Louise, and Becquet, Renaud

Published
2018

35. Complexities of cerebral small vessel disease, blood pressure, and dementia relationship: new insights from genetics

Author

Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, primary, Soumare, Aicha, additional, Bis, Joshua C., additional, Surakka, Ida, additional, Jurgenson, Tuuli, additional, Joly, Pierre, additional, Knol, Maria J., additional, Wang, Ruiqi, additional, Yang, Qiong, additional, Satizabal, Claudia L., additional, Gudjonsson, Alexander, additional, Mishra, Aniket, additional, Bouteloup, Vincent, additional, Phuah, Chia-Ling, additional, van Duijn, Cornelia M., additional, Cruchaga, Carlos, additional, Dufouil, Carole, additional, Chene, Genevieve, additional, Lopez, Oscar, additional, Psaty, Bruce M., additional, Tzourio, Christophe, additional, Amouyel, Philippe, additional, Adams, Hieab H., additional, Jacqmin-Gadda, Helene, additional, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, additional, Gudnason, Vilmundur, additional, Milani, Lili, additional, Winsvold, Bendik S., additional, Hveem, Kristian, additional, Matthews, Paul M., additional, Longstreth, WT, additional, Seshadri, Sudha, additional, Launer, Lenore J., additional, and Debette, Stephanie, additional

Published
2023
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