53 results on '"Johnston N"'
Search Results
2. PO-1493 Comparison of CBCT Hounsfield Unit to density conversion methods for treatment plan evaluation.
- Author
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Vanderstraeten, B., Johnston, N., and Ketelaars, J.
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CONE beam computed tomography , *DENSITY , *THERAPEUTICS - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Degradation parameters of amaranth, barley and quinoa in alpacas fed grass hay.
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Nilsen, B., Johnston, N. P., Stevens, N., and Robinson, T. F.
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AMARANTHS , *BARLEY , *QUINOA , *ALPACA , *GRASSES as feed , *RUMINANT feeding & feeds , *DIETARY supplements - Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the compartment 1 (C1) characteristics of alpacas (fistulated male, 7 ± 1.5 years old, 61 ± 5 kg BW) fed grass hay ( GH) supplemented with amaranth ( AM), quinoa (Q) and barley (B) grains. Alpacas were provided water ad libitum while housed in metabolism crates. The GH and GH plus treatments were fed at 0700 every day. Treatment periods were for 14 days in which GH or GH plus one of the grain treatments were randomly allocated. On day 14, volatile fatty acids ( VFA), pH and ammonia nitrogen ( NH3-N) were determined at 1, 3, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h post-feeding. C1 degradation of each feed component was also determined with the alpacas being fed GH only and the samples incubated for 0, 2, 4, 8, 14, 24, 48 and 72 h. Dry matter ( DM), neutral detergent fibre ( NDF) and crude protein ( CP) were determined and were divided into three categories: a = immediately soluble; b = the non-soluble but degradable; and u = non-degradable/unavailable, potential extent of degradation ( PE), degradation rate ( c) and effective degradation ( ED). C1 passage rate was determined using acid detergent insoluble ash as a marker and was calculated to be 5.5%∙h-1. Total DM intake was highest (p < 0.05) for B and resulted in a higher (p < 0.05) CP intake. GH and AM were different in mean pH (6.81 and 6.66, respectively). B NH3-N was greater (p < 0.05) than the other treatments. Total VFA was greatest (p < 0.05) for AM, with the greatest composition differences being a shift form acetate percentage to butyrate. DM, NDF and CP degradation was different across the treatments, where PE and ED were higher (p < 0.05) for the grain treatments. The pseudo-grains AM and Q had similar C1 degradation characteristics to B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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- View/download PDF
4. PO-1652 Clinical evaluation of deep learning for auto-segmentation of CT images in RT for lung cancer.
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Johnston, N., De Rycke, J., Lievens, Y., and Vanderstraeten, B.
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DEEP learning , *COMPUTED tomography , *LUNG cancer , *AUTOETHNOGRAPHY - Published
- 2021
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5. Perceptions of How Parents of Early Adolescents Will Personally Benefit From Calcium-Rich Food and Beverage Parenting Practices.
- Author
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Richards, Rickelle, Johnston, N. Paul, Reicks, Marla, Siew Sun Wong, Cluskey, Mary, Gunther, Carolyn, Ballejos, Miriam S., Bruhn, Christine, Misner, Scottie, and Watters, Corilee
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DATA analysis , *EDUCATIONAL attainment , *BRAINSTORMING , *DIETARY calcium , *CHI-squared test , *CHILDREN'S health , *CHILD nutrition , *CONFIDENCE , *EMOTIONS , *HEALTH promotion , *INGESTION , *MEDICAL cooperation , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *PROBABILITY theory , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH funding , *REWARD (Psychology) , *ROLE models , *STATISTICAL sampling , *ADOLESCENT health , *ADOLESCENT nutrition , *QUALITATIVE research , *PILOT projects , *WELL-being , *PARENT attitudes , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Objective: To identify and rank perceived personal benefits from parenting practices that promote intake of calcium-rich foods and beverages (CRF/B) by early adolescents. Methods: A convenience sample of parents/caregivers (n = 133) of early adolescents (10-13 years) from 6 states (CA, HI, MN, OH, OR, UT) participated in a qualitative study using a Nominal Group Technique process. Benefits identified by parents/caregivers were ranked by importance, given a score weight, and summed to create a total weighted score across states. Results: The top benefit from making CRF/B available was parent emotional rewards. The top benefit perceived by parents from role modeling intake of CRF/B and setting expectations for intake of CRB was child health promotion. Conclusions and Implications: Child health promotion and parent emotional rewards were important perceived benefits derived from CRF/B parenting practices, and thus, should be included as the focus of education to increase the frequency of these practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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6. The presence of pepsin in the lung and its relationship to pathologic gastro-esophageal reflux.
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Rosen, R., Johnston, N., Hart, K., Khatwa, U., and Nurko, S.
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PEPSIN , *GASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux , *DIGESTIVE enzymes , *GASTRIC juice , *ASPARTIC proteinases , *ESOPHAGUS diseases - Abstract
Background Pepsin has been proposed as a biomarker of reflux-related lung disease. The goal of this study was to determine (i) if there is a higher reflux burden as measured by pH-MII in patients that are pepsin positive in the lung, and (ii) the sensitivity of pepsin in predicting pathologic reflux by pH, MII, and EGD. Methods We recruited children between the ages of 1-21 with chronic cough or asthma undergoing bronchoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and multichannel intraluminal impedance (pH-MII) probe placement. The reflux profiles were compared between those patients who were pepsin positive and negative; proportions were compared using Chi-squared analyses and means were compared using t-testing. Key Results Only the mean number of non-acid reflux events was associated with pepsin positivity (0.04). The sensitivity and specificity of pepsin in predicting pathologic reflux by pH-MII or EGD was 57% and 65%, respectively. The positive predictive value of pepsin in predicting pathologic reflux by pH, MII or EGD was 50% (11/22), and the negative predictive value was 71% (20/28). There was a significantly higher mean LLMI in patients who were pepsin positive compared with pepsin negative patients (81 ± 54 vs 47 ± 26, P = 0.001). Conclusions & Inferences Lung pepsin cannot predict pathologic reflux in the esophagus, but its correlation with lung inflammation suggests that pepsin may be an important biomarker for reflux-related lung disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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7. Acceptance of brown-shelled eggs in a white-shelled egg market.
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Johnston, N. P., Jefferies, L. K., Rodriguez, B., and Johnston, D. E.
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EGGS , *SPECTROPHOTOMETERS , *HENS - Abstract
Brown eggs have gradually entered the traditional white-egg markets as a distinctive mode for packaging specialty eggs. A test was conducted at the Brigham Young University Sensory Laboratory (Provo, UT) to understand how consumers view attributes of the brown egg relative to the white egg. The objectives were to see how the consumer viewed properties of eggs by color and to examine the preference for brown color intensity. The 52 panelists were all women who routinely purchased and consumed eggs. Some women (53.8%) consumed eggs twice weekly, and 40.4% purchased them at least every 2 wk. Purchases included specialty eggs (14.6%) consisting of cage-free (50.0%), organic (28.6%), and n-3 enhanced (21.4%) eggs. The panelists preferred white eggs (90.4%). Though brown-shelled eggs did not exceed white eggs in preference, they were perceived positively (white-shelled % :brown-shelled %) as being more nutritious (65:29), having more flavor (27:14) and n-3 content (62:39), having a farm-flock origin (46:44), and being from organically fed hens (56:31) To test the preference for shade of brown eggs, a set of 6 eggs with varying intensities of brown color was evaluated for accepted appearance using a 9-point hedonic scale. The egg color intensities were measured using a Hunter Colorfiex spectrophotometer (Hunter Associates Laboratory, Reston, VA) and the GTE system. The lightness (L*) values ranged from 83.2 for the white egg to 63.6 to 46.5 for the brown eggs. A significant (P < 0.05) preference was found for the 2 lighter shades of brown-shelled eggs (L* 63.6 and 57.5). Using the 9-point scale, panelists then compared brown eggs side by side with white eggs. Again, the 2 most light-tinted brown eggs were found most comparable with the white egg in acceptability and better (P < 0.05) than the darker brown eggs. In conclusion, white eggs were preferred over brown eggs; however, brown eggs gained in acceptance but did not exceed white as likely to be more nutritious or flavorful, fresher, organic, and of cage-free origin. Varying color shades in cartoned eggs was equally as acceptable as uniform colored eggs. Panelists preferred the appearance of the light-tinted brown eggs to that of darker brown eggs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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8. Limited clinical utility of CT coronary angiography in a district hospital setting.
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Jenkins, S.M.M., Johnston, N., Hawkins, N.M., Messow, C.-M., Shand, J., Hogg, K.J., Eteiba, H., McKillop, G., Goodfield, N.E.R., McConnachie, A., and Dunn, F.G.
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CORONARY disease , *CORONARY arterial radiography , *SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) , *QUALITY control , *CALCIFICATION , *HEART beat , *BODY mass index - Abstract
Background: Studies have demonstrated considerable accuracy of multi-slice CT coronary angiography (MSCT-CA) in comparison to invasive coronary angiography (I-CA) for evaluating coronary artery disease (CAD). The extent to which published MSCT-CA accuracy parameters are transferable to routine practice beyond high-volume tertiary centres is unknown.Aim: To determine the accuracy of MSCT-CA for the detection of CAD in a Scottish district general hospital.Design: Prospective study of diagnostic accuracy.Method: One hundred patients with suspected CAD recruited from two Glasgow hospitals underwent both MSCT-CA (Philips Brilliance 40 × 0.625 collimation, 50–200 ms temporal resolution) and I-CA. Studies were reported by independent, blinded radiologists and cardiologists and compared using the AHA 15-segment model.Results: Of 100 patients [55 male, 45 female, mean (SD) age 58.0 (10.7) years], 59 and 41% had low-intermediate and high pre-test probabilities of significant CAD, respectively. Mean (SD) heart rate during MSCT-CA was 68.8 (9.0) bpm. Fifty-seven per cent of patients had coronary artery calcification and 35% were obese. Patient prevalence of CAD was 38%. Per-patient sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative (NPV) predictive values for MSCT-CA were 92.1, 47.5, 52.2 and 90.6%, respectively. NPV was reduced to 75.0% in the high pre-test probability group. Specificity was compromised in patients with sub-optimally controlled heart rates, calcified arteries and elevated BMI.Conclusion: Forty-Slice MSCT-CA has a high NPV for ruling out significant CAD when performed in a district hospital setting in patients with low-intermediate pre-test probability and minimal arterial calcification. Specificity is compromised by clinically appropriate strategies for dealing with unevaluable studies. Effective heart rate control during MSCT-CA is imperative. National guidelines should be utilized to govern patient selection and direct MSCT-CA reporter training to ensure quality control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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9. Operator Algebraic Formulation of the Stabilizer Formalism for Quantum Error Correction.
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Johnston, N., Kribs, D. W., and Teng, C.-W.
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OPERATOR algebras , *HILBERT space , *C*-algebras , *VECTOR algebra , *SPECTRAL theory , *FUNCTIONAL analysis - Abstract
We give an operator algebraic formulation of the stabilizer formalism for error correction in quantum computing. The approach relies on an analysis of commutant structures, and gives a natural extension of the classic stabilizer formalism to the general case of arbitrary (not necessarily abelian) Pauli subgroups and subsystem codes. We show how to identify the largest stabilizer subsystem for every Pauli subgroup and discuss examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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10. Asthma exacerbations 1: Epidemiology.
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Johnston, N. W. and Sears, M. R.
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ASTHMA in children , *RESPIRATORY infections in children , *RHINOVIRUSES , *ASTHMATICS , *ADRENOCORTICAL hormones , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases - Abstract
Asthma exacerbations may be triggered by a number of atmospheric and domiciliary environmental factors as well as by those encountered in schools and workplaces. The majority of exacerbations, particularly in children, coincide with respiratory viral infections, most commonly rhinovirus. As most respiratory viruses and many aeroallergens appear in seasonal patterns, asthma exacerbations, particularly those requiring emergency treatment, show analogous seasonal cycles which differ in form in children and adults. While similar in form between the sexes, they differ in amplitude, with boys having higher risks of exacerbation in childhood and women in adult life. Simultaneous exposure of asthmatics with respiratory viral infections to allergens or air pollutants may significantly increase the risks of exacerbation. Access to and compliance with inhaled corticosteroid treatment is an important predictor of the likelihood of asthma exacerbations occurring, including those that occur during respiratory viral infections. Epidemiologically, the degree of asthma control achieved by asthmatics is an important predictor of the likelihood of disease exacerbation including respiratory failure, death, and health service consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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11. Redefinition of uremic cardiomyopathy by contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
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Mark, P. B., Johnston, N., Groenning, B. A., Foster, J. E., Blyth, K. G., Martin, T. N., Steedman, T., Dargie, H. J., and Jardine, A. G.
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CARDIOMYOPATHIES , *CHRONIC kidney failure , *KIDNEY diseases , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *NEPHROLOGY , *INTERNAL medicine - Abstract
Patients with end stage renal failure (ESRF) have an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular (LV) abnormalities, so called ‘uremic cardiomyopathy’, are associated with poorer outcome. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) accurately defines LV dimensions and identifies underlying myocardial pathology. We studied the relationship between LV function and myocardial pathology in ESRF patients with CMR. A total of 134 patients with ESRF underwent CMR. LV function was assessed with further images acquired after gadolinium-diethylentriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). The presence of myocardial fibrosis was indicated by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Two main myocardial pathologies were identified. A total of 19 patients (14.2%) displayed ‘subendocardial LGE’ representing myocardial infarction, which was associated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors including a history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (P<0.001), hypercholesterolemia (P<0.05), and diabetes (P<0.01). Patients with subendocardial LGE had greater LV mass (P<0.05), LV dilation (P<0.01), and LV systolic dysfunction (P<0.001) compared to patients with no evidence of LGE. The second pattern, ‘diffuse LGE’, seen in 19 patients (14.2%) appeared to represent regional areas of diffuse myocardial fibrosis. Diffuse LGE was associated with greater LV mass compared to patients without LGE (P<0.01) but not systolic dysfunction. In total, 28.4% of all patients exhibited evidence of myocardial fibrosis demonstrated by LGE. In contrast to published literature describing three forms of uremic cardiomyopathy – left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), dilation, and systolic dysfunction, we have shown that LVH is the predominant cardiomyopathy specific to uremia, while LV dilation and systolic dysfunction are due to underlying (possibly silent) ischemic heart disease.Kidney International (2006) 69, 1839–1845. doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5000249; published online 1 March 2006 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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12. Effects of the abundance of spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) on nutrients and algal biomass in forested streams.
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Johnston, N. T., MacIsaac, E. A., Tschaplinski, P. J., and Hall, K. J.
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FISH spawning , *SOCKEYE salmon , *BIOMASS , *RIVERS - Abstract
We used natural variation in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) spawner biomass among sites and years in three undisturbed, forested watersheds in interior British Columbia to test the hypotheses that salmon were a major source of particulate organic matter inputs to the streams and that carcass biomass determined stream-water nutrient concentrations and epilithic algal production. Sockeye carcasses were retained at the spawning sites, primarily (75–80%) by large woody debris (LWD) or pools formed by LWD. The abundance and distribution of sockeye salmon determined stream-water nutrient concentrations and epilithic chlorophyll a concentrations during late summer and early fall when most primary production occurred in the oligotrophic streams. Periphyton accrual rates were elevated at sites with high salmon biomass. Peak chlorophyll a concentration increased with increasing carcass biomass per unit discharge above a threshold value to reach maxima 10-fold greater than ambient levels. Epilithic algae were dominated by a few common, large diatom taxa. Salmon carcasses were the dominant source of particulate organic carbon in low gradient stream reaches. Nutrient budget modeling indicated that most of the salmon-origin nutrients were exported from the spawning streams or removed to the terrestrial ecosystem; diffuse impacts may extend over a much larger area than simply the sites used for spawning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2004
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13. Learning styles of Chinese nursing faculty and career choice preferences.
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Duff V, Johnston N, and Laschinger H
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NURSING education , *LEARNING , *TEACHING - Abstract
Chinese nurse educators' learning styles were examined using Kolb's experiential learning theory. Although many Chinese nurses are not able to select a profession for its fit to their personal learning orientation, they exhibit a learning style very similar to Canadian nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1992
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14. On-call neurosurgery: can this continue as a free service?
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Holsgrove, D. T., Johnston, N. J., and Leggate, J. R. S.
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MEDICAL care financing , *MEDICAL referrals , *TRUST fund management - Abstract
Since 2005, Acute National Health Service (NHS) Trusts have been funded using a system called Payment by Results. This provides a national or regionally set tariff per patient treated, according to a health resource group code. Health resource group codes vary according to diagnosis or procedures carried out and patient co-morbidities. This only funds trusts admitting patients rather than those advising remotely, as neurosurgical centres do for the majority of emergency referrals. Numbers of referrals and emergency admissions to our unit were analysed for the last 4 years in addition to consultant and secretarial time devoted to these cases. This demonstrated an increase in the number of referrals and time spent advising. For the trust hosting the neurosurgical department, this represents a funding deficit for services offered. In our region, this has been remedied by charging neighbouring trusts a fee for emergency neurosurgical referral advice. However, this is difficult to administrate and would be better served as a service-level agreement with our commissioners. Only when this has been achieved, can neurosurgical centres provide a comprehensive consultant-led emergency service without it being to the detriment of the host trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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15. Quad-phase synchronous light detection with 64×64 CMOS modulated light camera.
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Johnston, N. S., Stewart, C., Light, R. A., Hayes-Gill, B. R., Somekh, M. G., Morgan, S. P., Sambles, J. R., and Pitter, M. C.
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PHOTODIODES , *DEMODULATION , *SEMICONDUCTOR diodes , *CAMERAS , *ELECTRICAL harmonics - Abstract
A scalable 64×64 array of feedback buffered photodiodes with column level demodulation circuitry has been fabricated in a 0.35 µm CMOS process. The camera provides two-dimensional phase-sensitive imaging on a line-scan basis using 64 independent quad-phase demodulation channels. Using four phases suppresses even harmonics, enabling the array to be used for heterodyne demodulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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16. Epidural analgesia: first do no harm.
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Low J, Johnston N, and Morris C
- Published
- 2008
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17. Epidural analgesia: first do no harm.
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Low, J., Johnston, N., and Morris, C.
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EPIDURAL analgesia , *ANALGESIA - Abstract
The article discusses on a report regarding the application of epidural analgesia published within the issue.
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- 2008
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18. Microvillage: assessing the viability of increasing supply of affordable, sustainable and socially integrated small homes.
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Tucker, R., de Jong, U., Johnson, L. C., Johnston, N., Lee, A., Michaux, F., Warner, E., and Andrews, F. J.
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SMALL houses , *CONSTRUCTION materials , *HOUSING market , *SYSTEMS theory - Abstract
This paper describes a project exploring the viability in Australia of increasing the supply of small, affordable housing to those with limited income and wealth and a desire to live in homes that integrate with the community in meaningful ways and minimise consumption of building materials, land and energy. The research context is the increasing marketing and media coverage of tiny homes, which has prompted questions about whether such houses can offer an alternative affordable housing model. The project focused on four key issues: community integration, building and design, regulatory planning barriers, and financing and affordability. A combination of interviews, focus groups, and system thinking workshops was used to collect the views of stakeholders across the housing sector, including potential residents. Results indicate that a radical shift is needed from the planning authorities, housing supply and finance sector to enable the provision of affordable and sustainable compact homes that are adaptable to all stages of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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19. A study of sweet (Surumi, Patacamya, Sayana, Chucapaca) and bitter (Real) Bolivian quinoa cultivars compared to corn, barley and oats on the lactation of improved guinea pigs.
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Pate, R. N., Johnston, N. P., Rico, E., Bonifacio, A., Kellems, R. O., and Kooyman, D. L.
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QUINOA , *OATS , *GUINEA pigs , *BARLEY , *CULTIVARS , *LACTATION , *CORN - Abstract
Quinoa is an Andean grain that is noted for its amino acid profile which is especially high in lys. Traditionally the production of bitter (saponin-containing cultivars) has prevailed. However, many new sweet cultivars that are saponin-free now exist but there is little information as to their feeding value. A trial was conducted to evaluate the feeding value during lactation of the sweet quinoa cultivars Surumi, Patacamaya, Sayana and Chucapaca and the bitter cultivar Real using the improved Andean guinea pig as the animal model. The quinoa-based diets were compared to those based on corn, barley and oats. The bitter variety Real was fed as-is (saponin containing) or washed (saponin free). Growth and F:G of the nursing progeny were used as parameters to indicate the impact of diet on lactation. Thirty-six pregnant females were divided into nine treatment groups. The trial began following parturition and continued for two weeks at which time the progeny were weaned. The net progeny gains from feeding the sweet quinoa cultivars (136 to 148g) and oats (134g) were similar (P>0.05) but greater (P<0.05) than feeding the bitter cultivar (Real) (93g), corn (100g) and barley (74g). Gains from Real-washed (110g) were similar (P>0.05) to those from Real. Feed consumption was reduced (P<0.05) from feeding Real and barley. The sweet cultivar treatments Sayana (3.75:1) Patacamaya (3.88:1), and Chucapaca (4.17:1) supported the conversion of F:G more efficiently (P<0.05) than Real-washed (5.45:1), corn (5.43:1) and barley (5.45:1). The feeding value of sweet quinoa cultivars appeared very promising. Feeding any of the sweet cultivars during lactation resulted in superior progeny gains and better feed conversion than the bitter cultivar (saponin- containing or free). Their feeding value was also superior to corn or barley but similar to oats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
20. THINKING DEEPLY ABOUT STUDENT LEARNING.
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Hegeman, Johnston N.
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ACADEMIC achievement , *NONFICTION - Abstract
The article reviews the book "Student Success in College: Creating Conditions That Matter," by George D. Kuh, Jillian Kinzie, John H. Schuh, Elizabeth J. Whitt.
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- 2006
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21. Consumer acceptance of interior egg spots before and after introducing the idea that the spots may merely be shell pigment.
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Johnston, N. P., Jefferies, L. K., Pike, O. A., and Rodriguez, B.
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POULTRY - Abstract
The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Consumer acceptance of interior egg spots before and after introducing the idea that the spots may merely be shell pigment," by N.P. Johnston and colleagues.
- Published
- 2008
22. A reply.
- Author
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Low, J., Johnston, N., and Morris, C.
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LETTERS to the editor , *ANALGESIA - Abstract
A response by J. Low, N. Johnson, and C. Morris to a letter to the editor about their article "Epidural analgesia: first do no harm" in the 2008 issue is presented.
- Published
- 2008
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23. A reply.
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Low, J., Johnston, N., and Morris, C.
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LETTERS to the editor , *ANALGESIA - Abstract
A response by J. Low, N. Johnston and C. Morris to a letter to the editor concerning the use of epidural analgesia in surgery is presented.
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- 2008
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24. Saving Our Turtle Family.
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Johnston, N. J.
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TURTLES , *WILDLIFE conservation , *COLLECTORS & collecting , *ECOLOGY - Abstract
Details the turtle conservation efforts of the government of Vanuatu Islands. Background on Vanuatu and the species of sea turtles in the islands; Partnership with schoolchildren; Comments from government officials.
- Published
- 2000
25. Secondary Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Due to Sirolimus.
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Calzia, M., Agarwal, N., Johnston, N., Sippel, J., and Smith, J.
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PULMONARY alveolar proteinosis , *RAPAMYCIN , *GRANULOCYTE-macrophage colony-stimulating factor , *HEART transplant recipients , *ALVEOLAR macrophages , *HEART transplantation - Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare, progressive lung disease characterized by the accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material in alveoli due to impaired clearance by alveolar macrophages. Although most cases are due to the disruption of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) signaling, secondary PAP from immunodeficiency is described in solid organ recipients. We present a treatment conundrum in a heart transplant (OHT) patient with a history of graft rejection who develops secondary PAP while on sirolimus. A 63-year-old male 6 years post re-do OHT, initially transplanted for ischemic cardiomyopathy then re-do for antibody mediated rejection presented with new hypoxia requiring 2L O2. His immunosuppression regimen included myfortic, prednisone, sirolimus, and tacrolimus. A CT scan demonstrated central and basilar ground glass opacities with "crazy paving". He underwent a bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showing 90% macrophages, negative cultures, and cytology with hemosiderin pigment and proteinaceous material. He was empirically placed on levofloxacin and weaned to room air. At 5-month follow-up a repeat CT re-demonstrated similar findings. Repeat BAL, performed for concern for PAP, was Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain positive for proteinaceous material. Serum GM-CSF antibodies were absent and the patient was diagnosed with secondary PAP due to sirolimus. Given the patient's prior history of graft failure, his sirolimus dose was unchanged and he was treated with inhaled sargramostim. PAP is a rare disease caused by disorders in surfactant homeostasis further divided into three distinct etiologies: autoimmune (90%), secondary (5-10%), and congenital (2%). Secondary PAP is due to functional impairment in alveolar macrophages from immunodeficiency and is well-described in kidney and lung transplant recipients. To our knowledge, this is the first case described in a heart transplant recipient. The prognosis of transplant-associated secondary PAP is difficult to establish due to the limited number of published cases, though resolution is typically observed 2-4 months after removal of the offending agent. We present a case treated with GM-CSF due to difficulties reducing immunosuppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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26. A red-shifted photochromic sulfonylurea for the remote control of pancreatic beta cell function.
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Broichhagen, J., Frank, J. A., Johnston, N. R., Mitchell, R. K., Šmid, K., Marchetti, P., Bugliani, M., Rutter, G. A., Trauner, D., and Hodson, D. J.
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PHOTOCHROMIC materials , *SULFONYLUREAS , *PANCREATIC beta cells , *CELL physiology , *AZOBENZENE , *INSULIN - Abstract
Azobenzene photoresponsive elements can be installed on sulfonylureas, yielding optical control over pancreatic beta cell function and insulin release. An obstacle to such photopharmacological approaches remains the use of ultraviolet-blue illumination. Herein, we synthesize and test a novel yellow light-activated sulfonylurea based on a heterocyclic azobenzene bearing a push–pull system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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27. Association between tracheal pepsin, a reliable marker of gastric aspiration, and head of bed elevation among ventilated neonates.
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Garland, J.S., Alex, C.P., Johnston, N., Yan, J.C., and Werlin, S.L.
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ASPIRATORS , *PNEUMONIA , *LOW birth weight , *GASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux , *NEWBORN infants - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of tracheal pepsin in ventilated neonates and whether the angle of head elevation was associated with tracheal pepsin. STUDY DESIGN: Serial trachael samples (at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of ventilation) were obtained from intubated, ventilated very low birth weight infants. Presence of tracheal pepsin was determined by Western blot analysis using a specific anti-human pepsin antibody. RESULTS: Tracheal pepsin was detected in 35/66 (53%) of the ventilated neonates (birthweight: 798 ± 268 grams [mean ± standard deviation]). Neonates whose head elevation was in the upper quartile (≥⃒14 degrees) during the first sampling time (day 3) were less likely (4/16 vs 9/10, P = 0.0013) to have tracheal pepsin when compared to neonates whose head elevation was in the lowest quartile (≤8 degrees). CONCLUSIONS: Pepsin, a marker for gastric secretion aspiration, was detected in 53% of ventilated low birth weight neonates; early elevation of the head of the bed was associated with a lower rate of tracheal pepsin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Predicting spatial patterns of eagle migration using a mesoscale atmospheric model: a case study associated with a mountain-ridge wind development.
- Author
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Ainslie, B., Alexander, N., Johnston, N., Bradley, J., Pomeroy, A., Jackson, P., and Otter, K.
- Subjects
- *
GOLDEN eagle , *BIRD migration , *ATMOSPHERIC models , *FLOW velocity , *WIND speed , *ATMOSPHERIC pressure , *HUMIDITY , *ANIMAL behavior - Abstract
High resolution numerical atmospheric modeling around a mountain ridge in Northeastern British Columbia (BC), Canada was performed in order to examine the influence of meteorology and topography on Golden Eagle migration pathways at the meso-scale (tens of km). During three eagle fall migration periods (2007-2009), local meteorological conditions on the day of peak bird counts were modeled using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) mesoscale model. Hourly local surface wind speed, wind direction, temperature, pressure and relative humidity were also monitored during these migration periods. Eagle migration flight paths were observed from the ground and converted to three-dimensional tracks using ArcGIS. The observed eagle migration flight paths were compared with the modeled vertical velocity wind fields. Flight tracks across the study area were also simulated using the modeled vertical velocity field in a migration model based on a fluid-flow analogy. It was found that both the large-scale weather conditions and the horizontal wind fields across the study area were broadly similar on each of the modeled migration days. Nonetheless, the location and density of flight tracks across the domain varied between days, with the 2007 event producing more tracks to the southwest of the observation location than the other 2 days. The modeled wind fields suggest that it is not possible for the eagles to traverse the study area without leaving updraft regions, but birds do converge on the locations of updrafts as they move through the area. Statistical associations between observed eagles positions and the vertical velocity field suggest that to the northwest (and to a lesser extent the southwest) of the main study ridge (Johnson col), eagles can always find updrafts but that they must pass through downdraft regions in the NE and SE as they make their way across the study area. Finally, the simulated flight tracks based on the fluid-flow model and the vertical velocity fields are in general agreement with the observed flight track patterns. Our results suggest that use of high resolution meteorological fields to locate the occurrence of updrafts in proposed ridge-line wind installations could aid in predicting, and mitigating for, convergence points in raptor migrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A Possible Murine Model for Investigation of Pathogenesis of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
- Author
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Bettelheim, K., Luke, R., Johnston, N., Pearce, J., and Goldwater, P.
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- *
SUDDEN infant death syndrome , *TOXIGENIC fungi , *ESCHERICHIA coli , *LABORATORY mice , *ETIOLOGY of diseases - Abstract
Several studies have indicated a possible causative role of toxigenic bacteria in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This study examined the effect of toxigenic E. coli on pregnant and infant mice to determine if these animals could be used as a model for SIDS pathogenesis. Strains of E. coli from the intestinal contents of infants who have died of SIDS or other causes and from the faeces of healthy infants were collected over a broad time scale. The isolates were tested for their ability to produce then known toxins of E. coli and were serotyped (O and H antigens). Certain serotypes (e.g. O1:H- and O25:H1) emerged significantly more frequently from cases of SIDS than from healthy infants and isolates of these types were generally toxigenic in Vero-cell cultures but whose verotoxicity was not related to classical Shiga or other known toxins. This mouse model was developed to test the effects of these toxigenic and also non-toxigenic strains. Four apparently healthy pups aged between 17 and 21 days died unobserved overnight but no pups of the 54 control mice died suddenly ( P = 0.0247, Fisher's exact test). These were considered to represent sudden unexpected deaths. Pathological effects compatible with those in SIDS were observed in mouse pups exposed to toxigenic strains indicating this model may be suitable for further study into the pathogenesis of unexpected deaths in infancy. Providing an animal model of SIDS would promote a much better avenue for studying the pathogenesis of this enigmatic condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. RAN GTPase is an effector of the invasive/metastatic phenotype induced by osteopontin.
- Author
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Kurisetty, V. V., Johnston, P. G., Johnston, N., Erwin, P., Crowe, P., Fernig, D. G., Campbell, F. C., Anderson, I. P., Rudland, P. S., and El-Tanani, M. K.
- Subjects
- *
OSTEOPONTIN , *GLYCOPROTEINS , *METASTASIS , *CANCER invasiveness , *CELL lines , *INTEGRINS , *MESSENGER RNA , *CARRIER proteins - Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphorylated glycoprotein that binds to α v-containing integrins and is important in malignant transformation and cancer. Previously, we have utilized suppressive subtractive hybridization between mRNAs isolated from the Rama 37 (R37) rat mammary cell line and a subclone rendered invasive and metastatic by stable transfection with an expression vector for OPN to identify RAN GTPase (RAN) as the most overexpressed gene, in addition to that of OPN. Here we show that transfection of noninvasive R37 cells with an expression vector for RAN resulted in increased anchorage-independent growth, cell attachment and invasion through Matrigel in vitro, and metastasis in syngeneic rats. This induction of a malignant phenotype was induced independently of the expression of OPN, and was reversed by specifically reducing the expression of RAN using small-interfering RNAs. By using a combination of mutant protein and inhibitors, it was found that RAN signal transduction occurred through the c-Met receptor and PI3 kinase. This study therefore identifies RAN as a novel effector of OPN-mediated malignant transformation and some of its downstream signaling events in a mammary epithelial model of cancer invasion/metastasis.Oncogene (2008) 27, 7139–7149; doi:10.1038/onc.2008.325; published online 15 September 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Adherence to Canada's Food Guide recommendations among Alberta's multi‐ethnic youths is a major concern: findings from the WHY ACT NOW project.
- Author
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Kolahdooz, F., Nader, F., Daemi, M., Jang, S. L., Johnston, N., and Sharma, S.
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- *
NUTRITION policy , *ANALYSIS of variance , *ASIANS , *DIET , *FOOD habits , *FRUIT , *HEALTH behavior in adolescence , *INDIGENOUS peoples , *INTERVIEWING , *NUTRITIONAL assessment , *PROBABILITY theory , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RACE , *STATISTICAL sampling , *T-test (Statistics) , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Abstract: Background: Dietary habits formed during youth may result in the development of obesity and chronic diseases in adulthood. We aimed to determine the frequency of the consumption of foods and beverages and the degree of adherence to Canada's Food Guide recommendations among multi‐ethnic youths. Methods: Participants were recruited from 12 schools in the Edmonton, Alberta area by use of posters, school newsletters and advertisements. A 30‐item food frequency questionnaire was administered by a trained interviewer to assess dietary intake in a convenience sample of 557 (328 females and 229 males) youths aged 11–23 years; for the purpose of the present study, only the 14–18 years age group was considered in the analysis. Participants were divided by sex and self‐identified ethnicity into four groups [Indigenous, African & Middle Eastern (AME), Asian, and European]. Statistical analysis of the data was undertaken using t‐tests, Welch's analysis of variance and Games‐Howell tests. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Vegetables and Fruit recommendations were the least likely to be followed, with 90.7–96.8% of participants in all groups not consuming the recommended number of servings day–1. The mean frequency of fruit consumption was lower among Indigenous youths compared to Asian youths (0.90 versus 1.37 times day–1). A greater proportion of males than females (55.9% versus 44.3%) did not meet the minimum recommendations for Meat and Alternatives (P = 0.016). The percentage of youths not adhering to recommendations for Milk and Alternatives was 81.7% for Indigenous, 73.3% for AME, 78.6% for Asian and 63.5% for European youths. Indigenous youths more frequently consumed potato chips and soft drinks compared to other ethnic youths. The most frequently consumed beverage was milk (1.25 times day–1). Conclusions: The majority of youths did not consume minimum daily recommended servings of Vegetables and Fruit, Milk and Alternatives, and/or Meat and Alternatives food groups. Evidence‐based dietary interventions and public health strategies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Pharmacokinetically-targeted dosed everolimus maintenance therapy in lymphoma patients.
- Author
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Schoch, L. K., Asiama, A., Zahurak, M., Shanbhag, S., Hurtt, J., Sawyer, K., Swinnen, L. J., Wagner-Johnston, N., Jones, R. J., Ambinder, R. F., and Gladstone, Douglas E.
- Subjects
- *
LYMPHOMAS , *EVEROLIMUS , *CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE , *RITUXIMAB , *CLINICAL trials , *PATIENTS , *THERAPEUTICS , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents , *B cell lymphoma , *DRUG therapy , *COMBINATION drug therapy , *DRUG administration , *LONGITUDINAL method , *LYMPHOCYTIC leukemia , *RESEARCH funding , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *NEOPLASTIC cell transformation - Abstract
Background: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, is active in refractory lymphomas. However, toxicity with flat dosing limits its usage. Speculatively, pharmacokinetically-targeted dosing could improve tolerability. Therefore, we studied serum-trough dosing with rituximab as maintenance after high-dose cyclophosphamide (HDC) consolidation in lymphoma patients.Patients/methods: After HDC, everolimus was dosed to serum trough levels (goal 3-15 ng/mL), with quarterly rituximab infusions for 1 year while maintaining < grade II non-hematologic and < grade III hematologic toxicities. Adult patients in first PR/CR with: mantle cell, transformed, double-hit, or high risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia or in second PR for any relapsed B cell lymphoma were eligible. Prophylaxis was given for encapsulated organisms, HSV and PCP. Serum IgG levels were maintained > 500 mg/dL.Results: 49 patients, median age: 59.0 years enrolled; MCL (26), CLL (10), transformed lymphoma (7), and other histologies (6). During the life of the study, the most frequent everolimus dosing has been 2.5 mg daily or 2.5 mg every other day; at these doses, serum levels are within the therapeutic range and non-hematologic toxicity is rare. At a median follow-up of 27.1 months, three patients remain on active therapy. Two patients withdrew secondary to potentially-attributable adverse events including a bacterial pneumonia and a viral pneumonia; this low rate of discontinuation compares well to other long-term everolimus trials. While a 58 and 76% EFS at 30 months for the entire cohort and MCL cohort, respectively, compares similarly to previously published HDC/rituximab data, longer follow-up is required.Conclusions: Pharmacokinetically-targeted dosing appears to increase everolimus tolerability. This finding may be applicable to other patient populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Sex differences in cardiovascular disease – Impact on care and outcomes.
- Author
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Humphries, K.H., Izadnegahdar, M., Sedlak, T., Saw, J., Johnston, N., Schenck-Gustafsson, K., Shah, R.U., Regitz-Zagrosek, V., Grewal, J., Vaccarino, V., Wei, J., and Bairey Merz, C.N.
- Subjects
- *
GENDER specific care , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *AEROBIC exercises , *META-analysis , *WOMEN'S health , *MEN'S health - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Understanding the structure and functioning of polar pelagic ecosystems to predict the impacts of change.
- Author
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Murphy, E. J., Cavanagh, R. D., Drinkwater, K. F., Grant, S. M., Heymans, J. J., Hofmann, E. E., Hunt, Jr., G. L., and Johnston, N. M.
- Subjects
- *
BIODIVERSITY , *CLIMATE change , *ENERGY transfer , *ECOSYSTEMS - Abstract
The determinants of the structure, functioning and resilience of pelagic ecosystems across most of the polar regions are not well known. Improved understanding is essential for assessing the value of biodiversity and predicting the effects of change (including in biodiversity) on these ecosystems and the services they maintain. Here we focus on the trophic interactions that underpin ecosystem structure, developing comparative analyses of how polar pelagic food webs vary in relation to the environment. We highlight that there is not a singular, generic Arctic or Antarctic pelagic food web, and, although there are characteristic pathways of energy flow dominated by a small number of species, alternative routes are important for maintaining energy transfer and resilience. These more complex routes cannot, however, provide the same rate of energy flow to highest trophiclevel species. Food-web structure may be similar in different regions, but the individual species that dominate mid-trophic levels vary across polar regions. The characteristics (traits) of these species are also different and these differences influence a range of food-web processes. Low functional redundancy at key trophic levels makes these ecosystems particularly sensitive to change. To develop models for projecting responses of polar ecosystems to future environmental change, we propose a conceptual framework that links the life histories of pelagic species and the structure of polar food webs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. A reply.
- Author
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Low, J., Morris, C., and Johnston, N.
- Subjects
- *
LETTERS to the editor , *EPIDURAL anesthesia - Abstract
A response by J. Low, N. Johnston, and C. Morris to a letter to the editor about their article "Epidural anaesthesia - first do no harm," in the 2008 issue is presented.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Myocarditis as a Manifestation of a T Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Patient Undergoing Left Ventricular Assistance Device Implantation.
- Author
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Hahn, V.S., Ghorbani, A., Hsu, S., Lewsey, S., Sharma, K., Wittstein, I., Freed, K., Sweren, R., Handler, J., Wagner-Johnston, N., Sperati, C., Chrispin, J., Wake, L.M., Halushka, M., Kilic, A., and Gilotra, N.
- Subjects
- *
LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE disorders , *T cells , *MYOCARDITIS , *PERSIAN Gulf syndrome , *HEART assist devices - Abstract
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) core pathology may provide definitive cardiomyopathy etiology and guide management. We present a case of progressive cardiomyopathy concerning for myocarditis in a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) undergoing LVAD implantation. A 63-year-old man presented with mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT). He had an extensive history of Gulf War Syndrome, heavy metal exposure, chronic kidney disease, hypercalcemia and cutaneous T cell lymphoma, managed with ultraviolet light therapy and methotrexate. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging demonstrated anteroseptal and inferolateral wall delayed gadolinium enhancement (DGE). Coronary angiography showed no coronary artery disease. Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed reduced lateral and inferior wall perfusion but no myocardial FDG uptake or evidence of systemic CTCL. Endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated mild hypertrophy and marked interstitial fibrosis, however no evidence of sarcoidosis or myocarditis. Over the next 2 years, his cardiomyopathy progressed (LVEF 15-20%, LVDd 7.2cm). Upon readmission for VT and heart failure (HF), repeat FDG-PET showed myocardial FDG uptake - perfusion mismatch pattern prompting oral prednisone initiation. Durable LVAD was implanted 5 days later given clinical progression. LVAD core pathology showed myocardial T cell infiltration with a clonal T cell gene rearrangement (Figure 1). Peripheral blood and PET markers remained otherwise negative for CTCL. After LVAD, his HF and VT stabilized, and he is undergoing treatment plan for systemic T cell lymphoproliferative disorder. We present a case of myocardial T cell lymphoproliferative disorder presenting as progressive cardiomyopathy and highlight the role of LVAD core pathology in diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Volatile fatty acid profile for grass hay or alfalfa hay fed to alpacas ( Vicugna pacos).
- Author
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Oldham, C. L., Robinson, T. F., Hunter, Z. R., Taylor, L., White, J., and Johnston, N. P.
- Subjects
- *
FATTY acid analysis , *ALFALFA as feed , *CAMELIDAE , *RUMINANT feeding & feeds , *BLOOD pH - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the diurnal composition and concentration of volatile fatty acids ( VFA) and to determine VFA composition and concentration differences between stomach compartment 1 (C1) and caecum of alpacas fed grass and alfalfa hay. The study was divided into two experiments. In Experiment 1 ( EXP 1), 10 male alpacas (3+ years old, 65 kg BW) were divided into two groups, housed in drylot pens, provided ad libitum water and fed alfalfa ( AH) or grass hay ( GH) for 30 days. The alpacas were slaughtered and the digestive tract collected, divided into sub-tract sections, weighed and digesta sampled for pH, dry matter ( DM) and NDF. Volatile fatty acid composition and concentration were determined on C1 and caecal material. Four adult male (3+ years old, 60 kg BW), C1 fistulated alpacas were housed in metabolism crates and divided into two forage groups for Experiment 2 ( EXP 2). Alpacas were fed the forages as in EXP 1. Diurnal C1 VFA samples were drawn at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 h post-feeding. There were no differences between forages for tract weight, C1 and caecum digesta DM or NDF. Differences were noted (p < 0.05) for pH between forages and sub-tract site. Volatile fatty acids concentrations were different (p < 0.05) for forage and site, and total VFA was higher for AH than GH (110.6 and 79.1 m m) and C1 than caecum (40.7 and 27.6 m m). Proportion of VFA was significant (p < 0.05) for forage and site, C1 acetate highest for GH (84.8 vs. 74.0 m m) and caecum acetate 83.7 and 76.2 m m for GH and AH respectively. These data demonstrate the level of VFA produced in C1 and the caecum of alpacas and the diurnal VFA patterns. Composition of VFA is similar to other ruminant species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Effects of Calcium-Loading on Egg Production in Ring-Necked Pheasants.
- Author
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Jones, Landon R., Black, Hal L., White, Clayton M., Johnston, N. Paul, McGee, Meghan E., Donahue, Seth W., and Eggett, Dennis L.
- Subjects
- *
AGRICULTURAL egg production , *RING-necked pheasant , *EGGSHELLS , *CALCIUM in animal nutrition , *ANIMAL nutrition , *ZOOLOGICAL surveys , *HABITATS , *ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
Ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) are able to store dietary calcium as medullary bone, which they may mobilize for future eggshell synthesis. We define this mechanism as calcium-loading. Previous experiments on pheasants conducted to document the importance of calcium in limiting distribution did not account for calcium-loading. We hypothesized that calcium-loading could override experimental calcium treatments of the diet. We measured egg production, egg characteristics, and femoral mineral content for pheasants that were not calcium-loaded on 7 diets differing in calcium from 0.2% to 4.5% and compared these results to a similar study on calcium-loaded pheasants. We predicted that calcium-loaded pheasants would produce more eggs than those that were not calcium-loaded. We also predicted that there would be no significant difference between femur ash fractions in non-calcium-loaded pheasants, but that the ash fraction in calcium-loaded pheasants would differ significantly between the beginning and end of the experiment. Egg production was higher in calciumloaded pheasants above 2% dietary calcium. Femur ash fraction was not different in non-calcium-loaded pheasants but differed significantly before and after the experiment and between high (.2%) and low (,2%) dietary levels in calcium-loaded pheasants. Calcium-loading may account for short-term persistence of captive pheasants introduced on calcium-poor soils, followed by their eventual population failure. Managers may improve survival of captive pheasants before introduction by surveying habitat for adequate calcium and by calcium-loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Previously undiagnosed aortic stenosis revealed by auscultation in the hip fracture population--echocardiographic findings, management and outcome.
- Author
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McBrien ME, Heyburn G, Stevenson M, McDonald S, Johnston NJ, Elliott JR, Beringer TR, McBrien, M E, Heyburn, G, Stevenson, M, McDonald, S, Johnston, N J, Elliott, J R M, and Beringer, T R O
- Abstract
The 2001 Report of the National Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Deaths recommended that an echocardiogram should be performed on patients with aortic stenosis prior to anaesthesia. In this study we present the patient details, management and outcome of the 272 hip fracture patients with a previously undiagnosed murmur and echocardiographically proven aortic stenosis admitted from 2001-2005 in our hospital. The patients with aortic stenosis were significantly older, and had significantly lower Abbreviated Mental Test Scores, than the control group of 3698 hip fracture patients without aortic stenosis. There were significant trends toward general anaesthesia over spinal anaesthesia, and use of invasive monitoring of blood pressure, as the severity of the aortic stenosis increased. There were no significant trends towards higher 30-day or 1-year mortality rates as the severity of the aortic stenosis increased. Resources for rapid pre-operative echocardiograms should be made available for hip fracture patients as the results have significant implications for their subsequent anaesthetic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Previously undiagnosed aortic stenosis revealed by auscultation in the hip fracture population – echocardiographic findings, management and outcome.
- Author
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McBrien, M. E., Heyburn, G., Stevenson, M., McDonald, S, Johnston, N. J., Elliott, J. R. M., and Beringer, T. R. O.
- Subjects
- *
ANESTHESIA , *AORTIC stenosis , *STENOSIS , *AUSCULTATION , *PHYSICAL diagnosis - Abstract
The 2001 Report of the National Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Deaths recommended that an echocardiogram should be performed on patients with aortic stenosis prior to anaesthesia. In this study we present the patient details, management and outcome of the 272 hip fracture patients with a previously undiagnosed murmur and echocardiographically proven aortic stenosis admitted from 2001–2005 in our hospital. The patients with aortic stenosis were significantly older, and had significantly lower Abbreviated Mental Test Scores, than the control group of 3698 hip fracture patients without aortic stenosis. There were significant trends toward general anaesthesia over spinal anaesthesia, and use of invasive monitoring of blood pressure, as the severity of the aortic stenosis increased. There were no significant trends towards higher 30-day or 1-year mortality rates as the severity of the aortic stenosis increased. Resources for rapid pre-operative echocardiograms should be made available for hip fracture patients as the results have significant implications for their subsequent anaesthetic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. What is Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status?
- Author
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Detsky, A. S., McLaughlin, J. R., Baker, J. P., Johnston, N., Whittaker, S., Mendelson, R. A., and Jeejeebhoy, K. N.
- Published
- 2008
42. Plasma endothelin response to acute hypoglycaemia in adults with Type 1 diabetes.
- Author
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Wright, R. J., Macleod, K. M., Perros, P., Johnston, N., Webb, D. J., and Frier, B. M.
- Subjects
- *
HYPOGLYCEMIA , *ENDOCRINE diseases , *DIABETES , *INSULIN , *HYPOGLYCEMIC agents , *ADRENALINE - Abstract
Aims To determine whether acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia provokes a detectable alteration in peripheral plasma endothelin (ET) concentrations in humans with Type 1 diabetes. Methods Serial plasma concentrations of ET were measured in 20 patients with Type 1 diabetes during controlled hypoglycaemia induced by intravenous infusion of soluble insulin. Results A significant increase was observed in plasma ET concentrations, from 3.80 ± 0.31 pg/ml at baseline to 6.72 ± 1.47 pg/ml at 60 min after the onset of the hypoglycaemic reaction ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia induces a rise in plasma endothelin concentrations in people with Type 1 diabetes. This finding is consistent with a putative role for ET in the mediation of hypoglycaemia-induced vasoconstriction, and the possible precipitation of macrovascular or microvascular events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Transfer times for patients with extradural and subdural haematomas to neurosurgery in Greater Manchester.
- Author
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Leach, P., Childs, C., Evans, J., Johnston, N., Protheroe, R., and King, A.
- Subjects
- *
TRANSFER of nursing home patients , *EPIDURAL hematoma , *SUBDURAL hematoma , *NEUROSURGERY , *DIAGNOSTIC imaging , *NEUROLOGICAL disorders - Abstract
Delay in transfer of patients with acute extradural (EDH) or subdural (SDH) haematoma to definitive neurosurgical evacuation has a detrimental effect on outcome. From July 2003 to December 2005 we undertook a prospective analysis of patients admitted to our unit for neurosurgical evacuation of their haematoma, who were transferred from non-neurosurgical hospitals. Data was collected for: 1) overall transfer time, 2) time taken from injury or deterioration to CT scan, 3) time from CT scan to arrival at our unit, and 4) time from arrival at our unit to surgery. Overall 81 patients were eligible, of which 39 had an EDH and 42 a SDH. The median transfer times for EDH and SDH were 5.25 hours and 6.0 hours respectively. This paper discusses the factors that may prolong delays in the transfer of patients between hospitals and the way in which our unit is trying to improve the local service for the population of Greater Manchester. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Comparing the validity of structured interviews for managerial-level employees: should we look to the past or focus on the future?
- Author
-
Krajewski HT, Goffin RD, McCarthy JM, Rothstein MG, and Johnston N
- Abstract
The current research investigated questions that persist regarding the criterion-related and construct validity of situational (SI) versus past-behaviour (PBI) structured interview formats in predicting the job performance of managers. Analyses of data collected from 157 applicants to managerial positions showed that the PBI format significantly predicted job performance ratings (r ¼ :32, p , .01), whereas the SI format did not (r ¼ :09, ns). Investigation of potential construct differences between the SI and PBI formats showed that the PBI was more highly related to manager-relevant cognitive ability measures, assessment centre exercises and personality traits, as compared with the SI. Such differences help to explain the predictive validity differences between the SI and PBI observed in current and previous research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
45. Prognosis of Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries – A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Litwin, P., Pasupathy, S., Lindahl, B., Tavella, R., Williams, M., Air, T., Marfella, R., Bainey, K., Alzuhairi, K., Reynolds, H., Johnston, N., Kerr, A., Beltrame, J., and O, MINOCA Global Collaboration
- Subjects
- *
CORONARY arteries , *MYOCARDIAL infarction , *META-analysis , *PROGNOSIS , *CORONARY disease - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Serial analyses of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: a Fragmin and fast Revascularisation during InStability in Coronary artery disease (FRISC)-II Substudy.
- Author
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Lindahl B, Lindbäck J, Jernberg T, Johnston N, Stridsberg M, Venge P, and Wallentin L
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Rapid wide-field heterodyne interferometry with custom 2D CMOS camera.
- Author
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Zhang, J., See, C. W., Smith, R. J., Johnston, N. S., Pitter, M. C., Somekh, M. G., and Light, R. A.
- Subjects
- *
HETERODYNING (Electronics) , *METAL oxide semiconductors , *HIGH resolution imaging , *OPTICAL interference , *ELECTRONIC modulation - Abstract
A wide-field pseudo-heterodyne interference contrast microscope is described, which employs a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phase-sensitive camera. The use of multiple wells in the camera enables extremely rapid measurement of a full phase field at high resolution and the modulation frequency is not limited by the camera frame rate. The high data acquisition frequency allows the effects of microphonics to be frozen to mitigate the effect of lowfrequency disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Retrospective study of prion-protein accumulation in tonsil and appendix tissues.
- Author
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Ironside, James W, Hilton, David A, Ghani, Azra, Johnston, Nicola J, Conyers, Lisa, McCardle, Linda M, Best, Diana, Ironside, J W, Hilton, D A, Ghani, A, Johnston, N J, Conyers, L, McCardle, L M, and Best, D
- Subjects
- *
PRION diseases , *CREUTZFELDT-Jakob disease , *PUBLIC health research , *EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research - Abstract
To identify individuals who could be at high risk of developing vCJD, a sensitive immunohistochemical technique was used to detect prion protein in a retrospective series of over 3000 tonsil and appendix specimens. No positives were detected but further studies are required to help reduce uncertainties about possible future numbers of vCJD cases in the UK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. A reply.
- Author
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McBrien, M. E., Heyburn, G., Stevenson, M., McDonald, S., Johnston, N. J., Elliott, J. R. M., and Beringer, T. R. O.
- Subjects
- *
LETTERS to the editor , *AORTIC stenosis - Abstract
A response by M.E. McBrien, G. Heyburn, M. Stevenson to a letter to the editor about their article "Previously Undiagnosed Aortic Stenosis Revealed by Auscultation in the Hip Fracture Population: Echocardiographic Findings, Management and Outcome" published in a previous issue of the journal.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Cardiovascular Clinical Outcome and Quality Registries—An Australian Perspective
- Author
-
Brennan, A., Dinh, D., Costolloe, C., Johnston, N., McNeil, J., Duffy, S., Ajani, A., Shardey, G., Mond, H., Chew, D., Black, A., Newcomb, A., MacIsaac, A., Krum, H., and Reid, C.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
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