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10. Fossil electricity and CO2 sequestration: how natural gas prices, initial conditions and retrofits determine the cost of controlling CO2 emissions

Author

Johnson, Timothy L. and Keith, David W.

Subjects
Electric power production -- Environmental aspects, Natural gas -- Prices and rates, Atmospheric carbon dioxide -- Prevention, Coal-fired power plants -- Environmental aspects, Company pricing policy, Business, Environmental issues, Petroleum, energy and mining industries
Abstract

Carbon capture and sequestration offers a means of reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide. However, it does not reduce the cost of a cleaner environment.

Published
2004

14. Kinetics of halogenated organic compound degradation by iron metal

Author

Johnson, Timothy L., Scherer, Michelle M., and Tratnyek, Paul G.

Subjects
Organic compounds -- Research, Biodegradation -- Measurement, Halocarbons -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology
Abstract

The dehalogenation of organic compounds using iron metal was investigated by measuring the kinetics of the degradation process and evaluating kinetic data using a consistent kinetic model. The results revealed that degradation rates were affected by experimental conditions. Correlation analysis showed a more rapid dechlorination at saturated carbon centers than at unsaturated carbons. Higher degrees of halogenation also resulted in the significant reduction of the compounds.

Published
1996

24. Environmental Impacts of Emerging Biomass Feedstock Markets: Energy, Agriculture, and the Farmer

Author

Dodder, Rebecca S., Amani, Elobeid, Johnson, Timothy L., Kaplan, P. Ozge, Kurkalova, Lyubov A., Secchi, Silvia, and Tokgoz, Simla

Subjects
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Agricultural and Food Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Biofuels, Integrated energy system assessment, Farm Management, Environmental Economics and Policy, Environmental impacts, Energy and Commodity markets linkages, Land Economics/Use
Abstract

The tighter linkages between energy and crop markets due to recent climate and energy legislation in the US have large potential environmental impacts beyond carbon sequestration and climate mitigation. These range from effects on water quality and quantity, soil erosion, habitat and biodiversity preservation. These impacts are very location and management-decision specific, as they are the product of atomistic decisions and depend on soil and landscape specific variables. In order to fully understand the effects of biomass markets, the new and stronger linkages and feedback effects between national- and global-scale energy and commodity markets must be properly understood and identified using an integrated perspective. We discuss the various interactions between agricultural and energy markets and their environmental impacts for existing biomass crops and detail how these interactions may be strengthened with the emergence of corn stover as a second generation biofuel feedstock. The tighter coupling of land use and management and energy systems needs to be accounted for to ensure that we have accurate indicators of the sustainability of biomass as an energy resource.

Published
2011
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25. Reliability, Maintainability, Safety

Author

Morel, Gérard, Pétin, Jean-François, Johnson, Timothy L., Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), General Electric, Global Research (GE), General Electric, Global Research, and S.Y. NOF

Subjects
[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic
Abstract

Within the last 20 years, digital automation has increasingly taken over manual control functions in manufacturing plants, as well as in products. With this shift, reliability, maintainability, and safety responsibilities formerly delegated to skilled human operators have increasingly shifted into automation systems that now “close the loop”. In order to design highly dependable automation systems, the original concept of design for reliability has been refined and greatly expanded to include new engineering concepts such as availability, safety, maintainability, and survivability. Technical definitions for these terms are provided in this section, as well as an overview of engineering methods that have been used to achieve these properties. Current standards and industrial practice in the design of dependable systems are noted. The integration of dependable automation systems in multi-level architectures has also evolved greatly, and new concepts of control and monitoring, remote diagnostics, software safety, and automated reconfigurability are described. An extended example of the role of dependable automation systems at the “enterprise level” is also provided. Finally, recent research trends, such as automated verification, are cited, and many citations from the extensive literature on this topic are provided.

Published
2009
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29. Environmental impacts of emerging biomass feedstock markets

Author

Dodder, Rebecca S.; Elobeid, Amani; Johnson, Timothy L.; Kaplan, P. Ozge; Kurkalova, Lyubov A.; Secchi, Silvia; Tokgoz, Simla, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9358-0491 Tokgoz, Simla; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-8196 Johnson, Timothy, Dodder, Rebecca S.; Elobeid, Amani; Johnson, Timothy L.; Kaplan, P. Ozge; Kurkalova, Lyubov A.; Secchi, Silvia; Tokgoz, Simla, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9358-0491 Tokgoz, Simla; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-8196 Johnson, Timothy

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5, EPTD

Published
2011

32. Self-tuning regulator design for adaptive control of aircraft wing/store flutter

Author

Johnson, Timothy L., Harvey, Charles A. 1929, Stein, Günter., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., Johnson, Timothy L., Harvey, Charles A. 1929, Stein, Günter., and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems.

Abstract

"October, 1982.", Bibliography: p. 1022-1023., Contract F33615-77OC-3096 NASA/Ames Grant NGL-22-009-124, by Timothy L. Johnson, Charles A. Harvey, Gunter Stein.

Published
2003

33. Analytic models of multitask processes

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., Johnson, Timothy L., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., and Johnson, Timothy L.

Abstract

Bibliography: p. 7., "April, 1981"--report documentation page. "20th CDC.", U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract F49620-80-C-0002, Timothy L. Johnson.

Published
2002

34. An interim report of research on discrete control of continuous processes

Author

Johnson, Timothy L., Kaliski, Martin E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., Johnson, Timothy L., Kaliski, Martin E., and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems.

Abstract

Interim report., "June 8, 1981.", Bibliography: leaf 3., AFOSR Contract F49620-80-C-0002, Timothy Johnson, Martin E. Kaliski.

Published
2002

35. Discrete control of continuous processes

Author

Johnson, Timothy L., Kaliski, Martin E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., Johnson, Timothy L., Kaliski, Martin E., and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems.

Abstract

Final Technical Report., Bibliography: leaf 17a., Prepared for Air Force Office of Scientific Research Contract F49620-80-C-0002., Timothy L. Johnson, Martin E. Kaliski.

Published
2002

36. Realization of A/D and D/A coders

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., Wimpey, D. G. (David George), Johnson, Timothy L., Kaliski, Martin E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., Wimpey, D. G. (David George), Johnson, Timothy L., and Kaliski, Martin E.

Abstract

Bibliography: p. 6., "April, 1981.", U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract F49620-80-C-0002, D.G. Wimpey, T.L. Johnson, M.E. Kaliski.

Published
2002

37. On feedback laws for robotic systems

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., Johnson, Timothy L., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems., and Johnson, Timothy L.

Abstract

Bibliography: leaf [5], "April, 1981", "U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research ... Contract No. F49620-80-C-0002", T.L. Johnson.

Published
2002

38. In Situ Remediation of Explosives Contaminated Ground-Water with Sequential Reactive Treatment Zones

Author

OREGON GRADUATE INST BEAVERTON, Tratnyek, Paul G, Johnson, Richard L, Johnson, Timothy L, Miehr, Rosemarie, OREGON GRADUATE INST BEAVERTON, Tratnyek, Paul G, Johnson, Richard L, Johnson, Timothy L, and Miehr, Rosemarie

Abstract

Most explosives that occur as groundwater pollutants at DoD sites are nitro aromatic compounds (TNT, trinitrobenzene, and various di- and mono-nitrotoluenes) or nitramines (RDX, HMX, and Tetryl). Under favorable conditions, nitro aromatic compounds (NACs) react rapidly with zero-valent iron (Fe0), which suggests that permeable reactive barriers containing zerovalent iron (FePRBs) might be useful in the remediation of groundwater contaminated with explosives. Unfortunately, reduction of NACs by iron metal produces aromatic amines as the primary products, and these products are still substances of regulatory concern. As a result, fullscale implementation of FePRBs to treat explosives contaminated groundwater has been delayed until an effective treatment for the amines has been developed and tested. The goal of this project was to develop an oxidative treatment step to treat the products of nitro reduction, so that the combination would form a sequential reactive treatment zone (SRTZ) that could be used to reach treatment goals for TNT-contaminated groundwater under field conditions. To generate simulated effluent from an FePRB we prepared bench scale columns, packed initially with 100% construction-grade, granular iron metal. We found that 100% iron columns, even at flow rates as high as 125 ft/day, produced no TNT or degradation products. Some of the columns were operated for 1600 pore volumes with no TNT or any reaction products detected (by HPLC) in the effluent. The capacity of these columns to reduce TNT and sequester all of the reduction products suggested that simple FePRBs (with out the additional treatment zones associated with an SRTZ), might be sufficient for full-scale remediation of TNT-contaminated groundwater.

Published
2001

49. Safety lessons effective

Author

Johnson, Timothy L.

Subjects
Business, Construction and materials industries
Abstract

To the Editor: 'Safety Lessons' (8/03) was a great article. It is useful to have food for the imagination as motivation to use personal protection equipment and safe practice. I've [...]

Published
2003

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