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8 results on '"Johnson, Darrell M"'

1. Outpatient treatment of COVID-19 and incidence of post-COVID-19 condition over 10 months (COVID-OUT): a multicentre, randomised, quadruple-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 trial

Author

Anderson, Blake, Atwater, Riannon C, Avula, Nandini, Beckman, Kenny B, Belani, Hrishikesh K, Boulware, David R, Bramante, Carolyn T, Brea, Jannis, Broedlow, Courtney A, Buse, John B, Campora, Paula, Challa, Anup, Charles, Jill, Christensen, Grace, Christiansen, Theresa, Cohen, Ken, Connelly, Bo, Datta, Srijani, Deng, Nikita, Dunn, Alex T, Erickson, Spencer M, Fairbairn, Faith M, Fenno, Sarah L, Fraser, Daniel J, Fricton, Regina D, Griffiths, Gwen, Hagen, Aubrey A, Hartman, Katrina M, Hendrickson, Audrey F, Huling, Jared D, Ingraham, Nicholas E, Jeng, Arthur C, Johnson, Darrell M, Karger, Amy B, Klatt, Nichole R, Kuehl, Erik A, LaBar, Derek D, Lee, Samuel, Liebovitz, David M, Lindberg, Sarah, Luke, Darlette G, Machicado, Rosario, Mohamud, Zeinab, Murray, Thomas A, Ngonyama, Rumbidzai, Nicklas, Jacinda M, Odde, David J, Parrens, Elliott, Parra, Daniela, Patel, Barkha, Proper, Jennifer L, Pullen, Matthew F, Puskarich, Michael A, Rao, Via, Reddy, Neha V, Reddy, Naveen, Rypka, Katelyn J, Saveraid, Hanna G, Seloadji, Paula, Shahriar, Arman, Sherwood, Nancy, Siegart, Jamie L, Siegel, Lianne K, Simmons, Lucas, Sinelli, Isabella, Singh, Palak, Snyder, Andrew, Stauffer, Maxwell T, Thompson, Jennifer, Tignanelli, Christopher J, Tople, Tannon L, Tordsen, Walker J, Watson, Ray HB, Wu, Beiqing, Zaman, Adnin, Zolik, Madeline R, Zinkl, Lena, Anderson, Blake J, Thompson, Jennifer L, Pullen, Matthew, Wirtz, Esteban Lemus, Sherwood, Nancy E, Lindberg, Sarah M, Beckman, Kenneth B, Rose, Michael R, Mehta, Tanvi, Griffiths, Gwendolyn, and Bhat, Neeta S

Published
2023
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2. Favorable Antiviral Effect of Metformin on SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of COVID-19.

Author

Bramante, Carolyn T, Beckman, Kenneth B, Mehta, Tanvi, Karger, Amy B, Odde, David J, Tignanelli, Christopher J, Buse, John B, Johnson, Darrell M, Watson, Ray H B, Daniel, Jerry J, Liebovitz, David M, Nicklas, Jacinda M, Cohen, Ken, Puskarich, Michael A, Belani, Hrishikesh K, Siegel, Lianne K, Klatt, Nichole R, Anderson, Blake, Hartman, Katrina M, and Rao, Via

Subjects
MORTALITY prevention, METFORMIN, VIRAL load, EMERGENCY room visits, HOSPITAL care, FLUVOXAMINE, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ANTIVIRAL agents, RACE, ODDS ratio, DRUG efficacy, MACROLIDE antibiotics, CONFIDENCE intervals, COVID-19
Abstract

Background Metformin has antiviral activity against RNA viruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The mechanism appears to be suppression of protein translation via targeting the host mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway. In the COVID-OUT randomized trial for outpatient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), metformin reduced the odds of hospitalizations/death through 28 days by 58%, of emergency department visits/hospitalizations/death through 14 days by 42%, and of long COVID through 10 months by 42%. Methods COVID-OUT was a 2 × 3 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial that assessed metformin, fluvoxamine, and ivermectin; 999 participants self-collected anterior nasal swabs on day 1 (n = 945), day 5 (n = 871), and day 10 (n = 775). Viral load was quantified using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The mean SARS-CoV-2 viral load was reduced 3.6-fold with metformin relative to placebo (−0.56 log10 copies/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.05 to −.06; P =.027). Those who received metformin were less likely to have a detectable viral load than placebo at day 5 or day 10 (odds ratio [OR], 0.72; 95% CI,.55 to.94). Viral rebound, defined as a higher viral load at day 10 than day 5, was less frequent with metformin (3.28%) than placebo (5.95%; OR, 0.68; 95% CI,.36 to 1.29). The metformin effect was consistent across subgroups and increased over time. Neither ivermectin nor fluvoxamine showed effect over placebo. Conclusions In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial of outpatient treatment of SARS-CoV-2, metformin significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 viral load, which may explain the clinical benefits in this trial. Metformin is pleiotropic with other actions that are relevant to COVID-19 pathophysiology. Clinical Trials Registration NCT04510194. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Health inequities in SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroprevalence, and COVID-19 vaccination: Results from the East Bay COVID-19 study

Author

Adams, Cameron, primary, Horton, Mary, additional, Solomon, Olivia, additional, Wong, Marcus, additional, Wu, Sean L., additional, Fuller, Sophia, additional, Shao, Xiaorong, additional, Fedrigo, Indro, additional, Quach, Hong L., additional, Quach, Diana L., additional, Meas, Michelle, additional, Lopez, Luis, additional, Broughton, Abigail, additional, Barcellos, Anna L., additional, Shim, Joan, additional, Seymens, Yusef, additional, Hernandez, Samantha, additional, Montoya, Magelda, additional, Johnson, Darrell M., additional, Beckman, Kenneth B., additional, Busch, Michael P., additional, Coloma, Josefina, additional, Lewnard, Joseph A., additional, Harris, Eva, additional, and Barcellos, Lisa F., additional

Published
2022
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5. Health inequities in SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroprevalence, and COVID-19 vaccination: Results from the East Bay COVID-19 study

Author

Adams, Cameron, primary, Horton, Mary, additional, Solomon, Olivia, additional, Wong, Marcus, additional, Wu, Sean L., additional, Fuller, Sophia, additional, Shao, Xiaorong, additional, Fedrigo, Indro, additional, Quach, Hong L., additional, Quach, Diana L., additional, Meas, Michelle, additional, Lopez, Luis, additional, Broughton, Abigail, additional, Barcellos, Anna L., additional, Shim, Joan, additional, Seymens, Yusef, additional, Hernandez, Samantha, additional, Montoya, Magelda, additional, Johnson, Darrell M., additional, Beckman, Kenneth B., additional, Busch, Michael P., additional, Coloma, Josefina, additional, Lewnard, Joseph A., additional, Harris, Eva, additional, and Barcellos, Lisa F., additional

Published
2021
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6. The state of franchising: 2009: the franchising community is going to see a rise in closed units as higher operating costs root out inefficient and underperforming units

Author

Johnson, Darrell M.

Subjects
Franchises -- Forecasts and trends -- Management -- Economic aspects, United States economic conditions -- Forecasts and trends -- Economic aspects, Recessions -- United States -- Management -- Forecasts and trends, Company business management, Market trend/market analysis, Advertising, marketing and public relations, Business, Economics
Abstract

As an economist, I try to understand what the economy and markets are telling us about the future. As a businessman, I try to find the opportunities in those messages. [...]

Published
2009

7. In the mainstream, multi-unit and multi-concept franchising

Author

Johnson, Darrell M.

Subjects
Franchises -- Management, Franchises -- Forecasts and trends, Franchises -- Statistics, Market trend/market analysis, Company business management, Advertising, marketing and public relations, Business, Economics
Abstract

The franchise sector continues to mature in many interesting ways. One of the hotter current topics for franchisors and franchisees alike centers around multiple-unit and multiple-concept franchisees. Historically, many systems [...]

Published
2004

8. Metformin reduces SARS-CoV-2 in a Phase 3 Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial.

Author

Bramante CT, Beckman KB, Mehta T, Karger AB, Odde DJ, Tignanelli CJ, Buse JB, Johnson DM, Watson RHB, Daniel JJ, Liebovitz DM, Nicklas JM, Cohen K, Puskarich MA, Belani HK, Siegel LK, Klatt NR, Anderson B, Hartman KM, Rao V, Hagen AA, Patel B, Fenno SL, Avula N, Reddy NV, Erickson SM, Fricton RD, Lee S, Griffiths G, Pullen MF, Thompson JL, Sherwood N, Murray TA, Rose MR, Boulware DR, and Huling JD

Abstract

Current antiviral treatment options for SARS-CoV-2 infections are not available globally, cannot be used with many medications, and are limited to virus-specific targets. 1-3 Biophysical modeling of SARS-CoV-2 replication predicted that protein translation is an especially attractive target for antiviral therapy. 4 Literature review identified metformin, widely known as a treatment for diabetes, as a potential suppressor of protein translation via targeting of the host mTor pathway. 5 In vitro, metformin has antiviral activity against RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2. 6,7 In the COVID-OUT phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of outpatient treatment of COVID-19, metformin had a 42% reduction in ER visits/hospitalizations/death through 14 days; a 58% reduction in hospitalizations/death through 28 days, and a 42% reduction in Long COVID through 10 months. 8,9 Here we show viral load analysis of specimens collected in the COVID-OUT trial that the mean SARS-CoV-2 viral load was reduced 3.6-fold with metformin relative to placebo (-0.56 log 10 copies/mL; 95%CI, -1.05 to -0.06, p=0.027) while there was no virologic effect for ivermectin or fluvoxamine vs placebo. The metformin effect was consistent across subgroups and with emerging data. 10,11 Our results demonstrate, consistent with model predictions, that a safe, widely available, 12 well-tolerated, and inexpensive oral medication, metformin, can be repurposed to significantly reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load.

Published
2023
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