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8 results on '"John Pandolfi"'

1. Exploring coral speciation: Multiple sympatric Stylophora pistillata taxa along a divergence continuum on the Great Barrier Reef

Author

Zoe Meziere, Iva Popovic, Katharine Prata, Isobel Ryan, John Pandolfi, and Cynthia Riginos

Subjects
conservation, corals, demographic history, gene flow, population genomics, speciation continuum, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract

Abstract Understanding how biodiversity originates and is maintained are fundamental challenge in evolutionary biology. Speciation is a continuous process and progression along this continuum depends on the interplay between evolutionary forces driving divergence and forces promoting genetic homogenisation. Coral reefs are broadly connected yet highly heterogeneous ecosystems, and divergence with gene flow at small spatial scales might therefore be common. Genomic studies are increasingly revealing the existence of closely related and sympatric taxa within taxonomic coral species, but the extent to which these taxa might still be exchanging genes and sharing environmental niches is unclear. In this study, we sampled extensively across diverse habitats at multiple reefs of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and comprehensively examined genome‐wide diversity and divergence histories within and among taxa of the Stylophora pistillata species complex. S. pistillata is one of the most abundant and well‐studied coral species, yet we discovered five distinct taxa, with wide geographic ranges and extensive sympatry. Demographic modelling showed that speciation events have occurred with gene flow and that taxa are at different stages along a divergence continuum. We found significant correlations between genetic divergence and specific environmental variables, suggesting that niche partitioning may have played a role in speciation and that S. pistillata taxa might be differentially adapted to different environments. Conservation actions rely on estimates of species richness, population sizes and species ranges, which are biased if divergent taxa are lumped together. As coral reefs are rapidly degrading due to climate change, our study highlights the importance of recognising evolutionarily distinct and differentially adapted coral taxa to improve conservation and restoration efforts aiming at protecting coral genetic diversity.

Published
2024
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2. Scope for latitudinal extension of reef corals is species specific

Author

Joshua Madin, Andrew Allen, Andrew Baird, John Pandolfi, and Brigitte Sommer

Subjects
Corals, Range shifts, Fallacy of the average, light, species, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Microbial ecology, QR100-130
Abstract

In their recent paper, Muir et al. (Science, 2015, 348, 1135-1138) demonstrate that the maximum depths of staghorn coral assemblages are shallower at higher latitudes, a trend that correlates with winter light levels. Based on these findings, the authors hypothesize that light availability limits the current latitudinal extent of the group and will constrain future range expansion. Here we reanalyze their data and show that depth-latitude relationships vary substantially among species, and that most species show either no significant pattern or the opposite pattern. In so doing, our reanalysis highlights a common misinterpretation of mixed-effects models: the fallacy of the average. Our findings are also consistent with fossil and contemporary observations of coral range-shifts. The factors that limit the current range extent of corals remain elusive, but they are likely species-specific and will require much further research to elucidate.

Published
2016

3. The 2014-17 Global Coral Bleaching Event: The Most Severe and Widespread Coral Reef Destruction

Author

C. Mark Eakin, Denise Devotta, Scott Heron, Sean Connolly, Gang Liu, Erick Geiger, Jacqueline De La Cour, Andrea Gomez, William Skirving, Andrew Baird, Neal Cantin, Courtney Couch, Simon Donner, James Gilmour, Manuel Gonzalez-Rivero, Mishal Gudka, Hugo Harrison, Gregor Hodgson, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Andrew Hoey, Mia Hoogenboom, Terry Hughes, Meaghan Johnson, James Kerry, Jennifer Mihaly, Aarón Muñiz-Castillo, David Obura, Morgan Pratchett, Andrea Rivera-Sosa, Claire Ross, Jennifer Stein, Angus Thompson, Gergely Torda, T. Shay Viehman, Cory Walter, Shaun Wilson, Benjamin Marsh, Blake Spady, Noel Dyer, Thomas Adam, Mahsa Alidoostsalimi, Parisa Alidoostsalimi, Lorenzo Alvarez-Filip, Mariana Álvarez-Noriega, Keisha Bahr, Peter Barnes, José Barraza Sandoval, Julia Baum, Andrew Bauman, Maria Beger, Kathryn Berry, Pia Bessell-Browne, Lionel Bigot, Victor Bonito, Ole Brodnicke, David Burdick, Deron Burkepile, April Burt, John Burt, Ian Butler, Jamie Caldwell, Yannick Chancerelle, Chaolun Allen Chen, Kah-Leng Cherh, Michael Childress, Darren Coken, Georgia Coward, M. James Crabbe, Thomas Dallison, Steve Dalton, Thomas DeCarlo, Crawford Drury, Ian Drysdale, Clinton Edwards, Linda Eggertsen, Eylem Elma, Rosmin Ennis, Richard Evans, Gal Eyal, Douglas Fenner, Baruch Figueroa-Zavala, Jay Fisch, Michael Fox, Elena Gadoutsis, Antoine Gilbert, Andrew Halford, Tom Heintz, James Hewlett, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Whitney Hoot, Peter Houk, Lyza Johnston, Michelle Johnston, Hajime Kayanne, Emma Kennedy, Ruy Kikuchi, Ulrike Kloiber, Haruko Koike, Lindsey Kramer, Chao-Yang Kuo, Judy Lang, Abigail Leadbeater, Zelinda Leão, Jen Lee, Cynthia Lewis, Diego Lirman, Guilherme Longo, Chancey MacDonald, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Isabel da Silva, Christophe Mason-Parker, Vanessa McDonough, Melanie McField, Thayná Mello, Celine Miternique - Agathe, Stephan Moldzio, Alison Monroe, Monica Montefalcone, Kevin Moses, Pargol Ghavam Mostafavi, Rodrigo Moura, Chathurika Munasinghe, Takashi Nakamura, Jean-Benoit Nicet, Marissa Nuttall, Marilia Oliveira, Hazel Oxenford, John Pandolfi, Vardhan Patankar, Denise Perez, Nishan Perera, Derta Prabuning, William Precht, K. Diraviya Raj, James Reimer, Laura Richardson, Randi Rotjan, Nicole Ryan, Rod Salm, Stuart Sandin, Stephanie Schopmeyer, Mohammad Shokri, Jennifer Smith, Kylie Smith, S. R. Smith, Tyler Smith, Brigitte Sommer, Melina Soto, Helen Sykes, Kelley Tagarino, Marianne Teoh, Minh Thai, Tai Toh, Alex Tredinnick, Alex Tso, Harriet Tyley, Ali Ussi, Christian Vaterlaus, Mark Vermeij, Si Tuan Vo, Christian Voolstra, Hin Boo Wee, Bradley Weiler, Saleh Yahya, Thamasak Yeemin, Maren Ziegler, Tadashi Kimura, and Derek Manzello

Abstract

Ocean warming is increasing the incidence, scale, and severity of global-scale coral bleaching and mortality, culminating in the third global coral bleaching event that occurred during record marine heatwaves of 2014-2017. While local effects of these events have been widely reported, the global implications remain unknown. Analysis of 15,066 reef surveys during 2014-2017 revealed that 80% of surveyed reefs experienced significant coral bleaching and 35% experienced significant coral mortality. The global extent of significant coral bleaching and mortality was assessed by extrapolating results from reef surveys using comprehensive remote-sensing data of regional heat stress. This model predicted that 51% of the world’s coral reefs suffered significant bleaching and 15% significant mortality, surpassing damage from any prior global bleaching event. These observations demonstrate that global warming’s widespread damage to coral reefs is accelerating and underscores the threat anthropogenic climate change poses for the irreversible transformation of these essential ecosystems.

Published
2022
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4. Emergence patterns of locally novel plant communities driven by past climate change and modern anthropogenic impacts

Author

Timothy Staples, Wolfgang Kiessling, and John Pandolfi

Subjects
Anthropogenic Effects, Climate Change, Humans, Pollen, Plants, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Anthropogenic disturbance and climate change can result in dramatic increases in the emergence of new, ecologically novel, communities of organisms. We used a standardised framework to detect local novel communities in 2135 pollen time series over the last 25,000 years. Eight thousand years of post-glacial warming coincided with a threefold increase in local novel community emergence relative to glacial estimates. Novel communities emerged predominantly at high latitudes and were linked to global and local temperature change across multi-millennial time intervals. In contrast, emergence of locally novel communities in the last 200 years, although already on par with glacial retreat estimates, occurred at midlatitudes and near high human population densities. Anthropogenic warming does not appear to be strongly associated with modern local novel communities, but may drive widespread emergence in the future, with legacy effects for millennia after warming abates.

Published
2022

5. Oceanography and Marine Biology

Author

Kristen Anderson, Emilio Rolán-Alvarez, John Pandolfi, Frederic Mineur, Beth E Scott, Francisco Arenas, Katy Nicastro, Gerardo Zardi, Francesca Porri, Janice Lough, Morgan Pratchett, Rui Santos, Mary-Anne Lea, Gunilla Toth, Mia Hoogenboom, John Pinnegar, and Steven Benjamins

Subjects
Oceanography, Volume (thermodynamics), Environmental science, Marine Biology (journal)
Published
2015
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6. Recent advances in dysphagia management [version 1; peer review: 3 approved]

Author

Joseph Triggs and John Pandolfino

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The literal definition of dysphagia is “disturbed eating”. However, it is more accurately described in clinical practice as a sensation of food or liquid being stuck in the esophagus or chest. If this sensation is associated with pain, it is labeled odynophagia, and if it is associated with persistent obstruction and bolus retention, it is categorized as a food impaction. Through research and technological advances, we continue to expand our understanding of the etiologies and underlying pathophysiology relating to this complaint. However, for now, our clinical algorithms focus on endoscopy and manometry to break down dysphagia into three categories: obstructive dysphagia, esophageal motility disorders, and functional dysphagia. Here, we review some critical pitfalls in our current clinical diagnoses, new proposed underlying mechanisms of esophageal motor disorders, and developing technologies to aid in diagnosis and treatment.

Published
2019
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7. Marine climate change in Australia

Author

Poloczanska, Elvira S., Hobday, Alistair J., Richardson, Anthony J., Ken Anthony, Arnould, John P. Y., John Beardall, Booth, David J., Helen Bostock, Bourne, David G., Steve Brett, Don Bromhead, Jaci Brown, Maria Byrne, Campbell, Alexandra H., Nick Caputi, Lynda Chambers, Alistair Cheal, Church, John A., Coleman, Melinda A., Connell, Sean D., Connolly, Rod M., Kim Currie, Peter Dann, Davidson, Julie L., Carol Devney, Guillermo Diaz-Pullido, Doblin, Martina A., Nic Dunlop, Steve Eggins, Michael Ellwood, Bradley Eyre, Ming Feng, William Figueira, Mariana Fuentes, Nick Gales, Graham, Nicholas A. J., Griffiths, Shane P., Ralf Haese, Gustaaf Hallegraeff, Mark Hamann, Robert Harcourt, Hill, Katy L., Neil Holbrook, Will Howard, John Hunter, Catriona Hurd, Greg Jenkins, Johnson, Craig R., Kendrick, Gary A., Cliff Law, Rod Lenanton, Andrew Lenton, Ling, Scott D., Janice Lough, Lovelock, Catherine E., Vimoksalehi Lukoschek, Paul Marshall, Richard Matear, Shayne McGregor, Malcolm McCulloch, Kathleen McInnes, David Mckinnon, A., Ben McNeil, Meekan, Mark G., Müller, Marius N., Philip Munday, Merinda Nash, Bradley Opdyke, John Pandolfi, Alan Pearce, Power, Scott B., Pratchett, Morgan S., Russell Richards, Ken Ridgway, James Risbey, Donna Roberts, Russell, Bayden D., Neil Saintilan, Katherine Schmutter, and Jane Williamson

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