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1. Lifestyle management and brain MRI metrics in female Australian adults living with multiple sclerosis: a feasibility and acceptability study

Author: Olivia Wills, Brooklyn Wright, Lisa-Marie Greenwood, Nadia Solowij, Mark Schira, Jerome J. Maller, Alok Gupta, John Magnussen, and Yasmine Probst
Subjects: Multiple sclerosis (MS), Lifestyle, Diet, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Disability, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Background Limited studies of multiple sclerosis (MS) exist whereby magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with consistent imaging protocols occurs at the same time points as collection of healthy lifestyle measures. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of acquiring MRI data as an objective, diagnostic and prognostic marker of MS, at the same time point as brain-healthy lifestyle measures including diet. Methods Participants living with relapsing remitting MS partook in one structural MRI scanning session of the brain, completed two online 24-hour dietary recalls and demographic and self-reported lifestyle questionnaires (e.g. self-reported disability, comorbidities, physical activity, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), stress). Measures of central tenancy and level of dispersion were calculated for feasibility and acceptability of the research protocols. Lesion count was determined by one radiologist and volumetric analyses by a data analysis pipeline based on FreeSurfer software suite. Correlations between white matter lesion count, whole brain volume analyses and lifestyle measures were assessed using Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient. Results Thirteen female participants were included in the study: eligibility rate 90.6% (29/32), recruitment rate 46.9% (15/32) and compliance rate 87% (13/15). The mean time to complete all required tasks, including MRI acquisition was 115.86 minutes $$($$ ( ± 23.04), over 4 days. Conversion to usual dietary intake was limited by the small sample. There was one strong, negative correlation between BMI and brain volume (r s = −0.643, p = 0.018) and one strong, positive correlation between physical activity and brain volume (r s = 0.670, p = 0.012) that were both statistically significant. Conclusions Acquiring MRI brain scans at the same time point as lifestyle profiles in adults with MS is both feasible and accepted among adult females living with MS. Quantification of volumetric MRI data support further investigations using semi-automated pipelines among people living with MS, with pre-processing steps identified to increase automated feasibility. This protocol may be used to determine relationships between elements of a brain-healthy lifestyle, including dietary intake, and measures of disease burden and brain health, as assessed by T1-weighted and T2-weighted lesion count and whole brain volume, in an adequately powered sample. Trial registration The study protocol was retrospectively registered in the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12624000296538).
Published: 2024
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2. Development of normalized quantitative measures of lumbar disc degeneration

Author: Samuel King, John Magnussen, James Elliott, and Mark Jonathan Hancock
Subjects: degenerative disc disease, disc degeneration, disc height, disc signal intensity, LBP, low back pain, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811
Abstract: Abstract Background Lumbar disc degeneration (DD) is widely regarded as a likely contributor to low back pain (LBP), but the association between DD and LBP is relatively weak. No known studies have normalized quantitative measures of DD severity relative to multiple variables such as age, height, and disc level. This study developed normalized quantitative measures (z‐scores) of disc signal intensity (DSI) and disc height (DH) to rate relative severity of DD. Methods Raw (unnormalized) quantitative measures of DSI and DH alongside potential normalization variables were acquired from MRI scans and clinical data of 76 patients. The associations between the raw quantitative measures and potential normalization variables were investigated to develop the normalized quantitative measures (z‐scores) of DSI and DH. Construct validity was assessed by comparing the normalized measures to an experienced radiologist's subjective measures of relative severity of DSI and DH loss. Results CSF signal intensity, age, and disc level were significantly associated with raw DSI (R2 = 0.06, 0.25, and 0.09, respectively). Lumbar height and disc level were significantly associated with raw DH (R2 = 0.13 and 0.31). Normalizing DSI and DH by these variables resulted in stronger relationships (R2 = 0.39 and 0.37) than raw DSI and DH (R2 = 0.24 and 0.31) with the radiologist's subjective measures. Normalized DSI and DH were both normally distributed (p = 0.32 and 0.12). Conclusions Construct validity and the distributions suggested that normalized quantitative measures of DSI and DH are better than existing measures of DSI and DH at rating relative DD severity. Determining whether normalized quantitative measures are more predictive of clinical outcomes is important future research.
Published: 2023
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3. Low back pain of disc, sacroiliac joint, or facet joint origin: a diagnostic accuracy systematic reviewResearch in context

Author: Christopher S. Han, Mark J. Hancock, Sweekriti Sharma, Saurab Sharma, Ian A. Harris, Steven P. Cohen, John Magnussen, Chris G. Maher, and Adrian C. Traeger
Subjects: Diagnosis, Pathoanatomical, Low back pain, Reference standard, Index test, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: The accuracy of diagnostic tests available in primary care to identify the disc, sacroiliac joint, and facet joint as the source of low back pain is uncertain. Methods: Systematic review of diagnostic tests available in primary care. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE were searched between March 2006 and 25th January 2023. Pairs of reviewers independently screened all studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using QUADAS-2. Pooling was performed for homogenous studies. Positive likelihood ratios (+LR) ≥2 and negative likelihood ratios (−LR) ≤0.5 were considered informative. This review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020169828). Findings: We included 62 studies: 35 investigated the disc, 14 the facet joint, 11 the sacroiliac joint, and 2 investigated all three structures in patients with persistent low back pain. For risk of bias, the domain ‘reference standard’ scored worst, however approximately half the studies were of low risk of bias for every other domain. For the disc, pooling demonstrated MRI findings of disc degeneration and annular fissure resulted in informative +LRs: 2.53 (95% CI: 1.57–4.07) and 2.88 (95% CI: 2.02–4.10) and −LRs: 0.15 (95% CI: 0.09–0.24) and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.10–0.55) respectively. Pooled results for Modic type 1, Modic type 2, and HIZ on MRI, and centralisation phenomenon yielded informative +LRs: 10.00 (95% CI: 4.20–23.82), 8.03 (95% CI: 3.23–19.97), 3.10 (95% CI: 2.27–4.25), and 3.06 (95% CI: 1.44–6.50) respectively, but uninformative −LRs: 0.84 (95% CI: 0.74–0.96), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80–0.96), 0.61 (95% CI: 0.48–0.77), and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.52–0.84) respectively. For the facet joint, pooling demonstrated facet joint uptake on SPECT resulted in informative +LRs: 2.80 (95% CI: 1.82–4.31) and −LRs: 0.44 (95% CI: 0.25–0.77). For the sacroiliac joint, a combination of pain provocation tests and absence of midline low back pain resulted in informative +LRs of 2.41 (95% CI: 1.89–3.07) and 2.44 (95% CI: 1.50–3.98) and −LRs of 0.35 (95% CI: 0.12–1.01) and 0.31 (95% CI: 0.21–0.47) respectively. Radionuclide imaging yielded an informative +LR 7.33 (95% CI: 1.42–37.80) but an uninformative −LR 0.74 (95% CI: 0.41–1.34). Interpretation: There are informative diagnostic tests for the disc, sacroiliac joint, and facet joint (only one test). The evidence suggests a diagnosis may be possible for some patients with low back pain, potentially guiding targeted and specific treatment approaches. Funding: There was no funding for this study.
Published: 2023
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4. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Testing in Asia

Author: Takashi Kudo, MD, PhD, Ryan Lahey, MD, PhD, Cole B. Hirschfeld, MD, Michelle C. Williams, MBChB, PhD, Bin Lu, MD, PhD, Mirvat Alasnag, MD, Mona Bhatia, MD, Hee-Seung Henry Bom, MD, PhD, Tairkhan Dautov, MD, Reza Fazel, MD, MSc, Ganesan Karthikeyan, MD, Felix Y.J. Keng, MBBS, Ronen Rubinshtein, MD, Nathan Better, MBBS, Rodrigo Julio Cerci, MD, Sharmila Dorbala, MD, MPH, Paolo Raggi, MD, Leslee J. Shaw, PhD, Todd C. Villines, MD, João V. Vitola, MD, PhD, Andrew D. Choi, MD, Eli Malkovskiy, Benjamin Goebel, BS, Yosef A. Cohen, BA, Michael Randazzo, MD, Thomas N.B. Pascual, MD, Yaroslav Pynda, MSc, Maurizio Dondi, MD, PhD, Diana Paez, MD, MEd, Andrew J. Einstein, MD, PhD, Andrew J. Einstein, Diana Paez, Maurizio Dondi, Nathan Better, Rodrigo Cerci, Sharmila Dorbala, Thomas N.B. Pascual, Paolo Raggi, Leslee J. Shaw, Todd C. Villines, Joao V. Vitola, Michelle C. Williams, Yaroslav Pynda, Gerd Hinterleitner, Yao Lu, Olga Morozova, Zhuoran Xu, Cole B. Hirschfeld, Yosef Cohen, Benjamin Goebel, Michael Randazzo, Andrew Choi, Juan Lopez-Mattei, Purvi Parwani, Mohammad Nawaz Nasery, Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka, Rabie Benlabgaa, Salah Bouyoucef, Abdelkader Medjahedi, Qais Nailli, Mariela Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo Arroñada, Andrea Astesiano, Alfredo Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo Benteo, Juan Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul Cabrejas, Jorge Cachero, Roxana Campisi, Alejandro Canderoli, Silvia Carames, Patrícia Carrascosa, Ricardo Castro, Oscar Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos Collaud, Claudia Cortes, Javier Courtis, Daniel Cragnolino, Mariana Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando Dettori, Alejandro Deviggiano, Laura Dragonetti, Mario Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge Ensinas, Fernando Faccio, Adolfo Facello, Diego Garofalo, Ricardo Geronazzo, Natalia Gonza, Lucas Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor Hasbani, Melina Huerin, Victor Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves A. López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra Marquez, Osvaldo Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio Masoli, Edgardo Mastrovito, Matias Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana Molteni, Marcos Montecinos, Eduardo Noguera, Carlos Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro Radzinschi, Gustavo Raimondi, Marcela Redruello, Marina Rodríguez, Matías Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia Solari, Bruno Strada, Sonia Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan Wolcan, Susana Zeffiro, Mari Sakanyan, Scott Beuzeville, Raef Boktor, Patrick Butler, Jennifer Calcott, Loretta Carr, Virgil Chan, Charles Chao, Woon Chong, Mark Dobson, D'Arne Downie, Girish Dwivedi, Barry Elison, Jean Engela, Roslyn Francis, Anand Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce Goodwin, Robert Greenough, Christian Hamilton-Craig, Victar Hsieh, Subodh Joshi, Karin Lederer, Kenneth Lee, Joseph Lee, John Magnussen, Nghi Mai, Gordon Mander, Fiona Murton, Dee Nandurkar, Johanne Neill, Edward O'Rourke, Patricia O'Sullivan, George Pandos, Kunthi Pathmaraj, Alexander Pitman, Rohan Poulter, Manuja Premaratne, David Prior, Lloyd Ridley, Natalie Rutherford, Hamid Salehi, Connor Saunders, Luke Scarlett, Sujith Seneviratne, Deepa Shetty, Ganesh Shrestha, Jonathan Shulman, Vijay Solanki, Tony Stanton, Murch Stuart, Michael Stubbs, Ian Swainson, Kim Taubman, Andrew Taylor, Paul Thomas, Steven Unger, Anthony Upton, Shankar Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan Verjans, Demetrius Voutnis, Victor Wayne, Peter Wilson, David Wong, Kirby Wong, John Younger, Gudrun Feuchtner, Siroos Mirzaei, Konrad Weiss, Natallia Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Olivier Gheysens, Filip Homans, Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes, Agnès Pasquet, Veronique Roelants, Caroline M. Van De Heyning, Raúl Araujo Ríos, Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Sinisa Stankovic, Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana Andrade, Carlos Anselmi, Roberta Araújo, Guilherme Azevedo, Sabbrina Bezerra, Rodrigo Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara Carreira, Bruno Castro, Tien Chang, Fernando Cunali, Jr., Roberto Cury, Roberto Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda Erthal, Fabio Fernandes, Juliano Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno Ghini, Luiz Goncalves, Ilan Gottlieb, Marcelo Hadlich, Vinícius Kameoka, Ronaldo Lima, Adna Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado e Silva, Tiago Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania Naue, Danilo Naves, Roberto Nolasco, Cesar Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim Pinto, Priscila Possetti, Mayra Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo Rocha, Alfredo Rodrigues, Carlos Rodrigues, Leila Romantini, Adelina Sanches, Sara Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago Senra, Afonso Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano Siqueira, Paola Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge Torreao, Rafael Torres, Marly Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli, Hamid Naseer, Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena Kostadinova, Youdaline Theng, Gad Abikhzer, Rene Barette, Benjamin Chow, Dominique Dabreo, Matthias Friedrich, Ria Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris Johnson, Marla Kiess, Jonathon Leipsic, Eugene Leung, Robert Miller, Anastasia Oikonomou, Stephan Probst, Idan Roifman, Gary Small, Vikas Tandon, Adwait Trivedi, James White, Katherine Zukotynski, Jose Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen Concha, Pablo Hidalgo, Cesar Lovera, Teresa Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas, Pedro Abad, Harold Arturo, Sandra Ayala, Luis Benitez, Alberto Cadena, Carlos Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon Gomez, Claudia T. Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia Jaimes, Juan Londoño, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz Pabon, Mauricio Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres Vasquez, Damiana Vergel, Alejandro Zuluaga, Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel Castro, Ulises González, Ana Baric, Tonci Batinic, Maja Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen Jukic, Petar Medakovic, Viktor Persic, Marina Prpic, Ante Punda, Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner Menéndez, Amalia Peix, Luis Rochela, Christoforos Panagidis, Ioannis Petrou, Vaclav Engelmann, Milan Kaminek, Vladimír Kincl, Otto Lang, Milan Simanek, Jawdat Abdulla, Morten Bøttcher, Mette Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip Hasbak, Søren Hess, Paw Holdgaard, Allan Johansen, Kasper Kyhl, Bjarne Linde Norgaard, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf Steffensen, Anders Thomassen, Bo Zerahn, Alfredo Perez, Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez, Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen Abougabal, Taghreed Ahmed, Adel Allam, Ahmed Asfour, Mona Hassan, Alia Hassan, Ahmed Ibrahim, Sameh Kaffas, Ahmed Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad Mansy, Hany Maurice, Sherif Nabil, Mahmoud Shaaban, Ana Camila Flores, Anne Poksi, Juhani Knuuti, Velipekka Kokkonen, Martti Larikka, Valtteri Uusitalo, Matthieu Bailly, Samuel Burg, Jean-François Deux, Vincent Habouzit, Fabien Hyafil, Olivier Lairez, Franck Proffit, Hamza Regaieg, Laure Sarda-Mantel, Vania Tacher, Roman P. Schneider, Harold Ayetey, George Angelidis, Aikaterini Archontaki, Sofia Chatziioannou, Ioannis Datseris, Christina Fragkaki, Panagiotis Georgoulias, Sophia Koukouraki, Maria Koutelou, Eleni Kyrozi, Evangelos Repasos, Petros Stavrou, Pipitsa Valsamaki, Carla Gonzalez, Goleat Gutierrez, Alejandro Maldonado, Klara Buga, Ildiko Garai, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Erzsébet Schmidt, Balint Szilveszter, Edit Várady, Nilesh Banthia, Jinendra Kumar Bhagat, Rishi Bhargava, Vivek Bhat, Mona Bhatia, Partha Choudhury, Vijay Sai Chowdekar, Aparna Irodi, Shashank Jain, Elizabeth Joseph, Sukriti Kumar, Prof Dr Girijanandan Mahapatra, Deepanjan Mitra, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Ahmad Ozair, Chetan Patel, Tapan Patel, Ravi Patel, Shivani Patel, Sudhir Saxena, Shantanu Sengupta, Santosh Singh, Bhanupriya Singh, Ashwani Sood, Atul Verma, Erwin Affandi, Padma Savenadia Alam, Edison Edison, Gani Gunawan, Habusari Hapkido, Basuki Hidayat, Aulia Huda, Anggoro Praja Mukti, Djoko Prawiro, Erwin Affandi Soeriadi, Hilman Syawaluddin, Amjed Albadr, Majid Assadi, Farshad Emami, Golnaz Houshmand, Majid Maleki, Maryam Tajik Rostami, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi, Eed Abu Zaid, Svetlana Agranovich, Yoav Arnson, Rachel Bar-Shalom, Alex Frenkel, Galit Knafo, Rachel Lugassi, Israel Shlomo Maor Moalem, Maya Mor, Noam Muskal, Sara Ranser, Aryeh Shalev, Domenico Albano, Pierpaolo Alongi, Gaspare Arnone, Elisa Bagatin, Sergio Baldari, Matteo Bauckneht, Paolo Bertelli, Francesco Bianco, Rachele Bonfiglioli, Roberto Boni, Andrea Bruno, Isabella Bruno, Elena Busnardo, Elena Califaretti, Luca Camoni, Aldo Carnevale, Roberta Casoni, Armando Ugo Cavallo, Giorgio Cavenaghi, Franca Chierichetti, Marcello Chiocchi, Corrado Cittanti, Mauro Colletta, Umberto Conti, Alberto Cossu, Alberto Cuocolo, Marco Cuzzocrea, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Eleonora Del Giudice, Alberico Del Torto, Veronica Della Tommasina, Rexhep Durmo, Paola Anna Erba, Laura Evangelista, Riccardo Faletti, Evelina Faragasso, Mohsen Farsad, Paola Ferro, Luigia Florimonte, Viviana Frantellizzi, Fabio Massimo Fringuelli, Marco Gatti, Angela Gaudiano, Alessia Gimelli, Raffaele Giubbini, Francesca Giuffrida, Salvatore Ialuna, Riccardo Laudicella, Lucia Leccisotti, Lucia Leva, Riccardo Liga, Carlo Liguori, Giampiero Longo, Margherita Maffione, Maria Elisabetta Mancini, Claudio Marcassa, Elisa Milan, Barbara Nardi, Sara Pacella, Giovanna Pepe, Gianluca Pontone, Sabina Pulizzi, Natale Quartuccio, Lucia Rampin, Fabrizio Ricci, Pierluigi Rossini, Giuseppe Rubini, Vincenzo Russo, Gian Mauro Sacchetti, Gianmario Sambuceti, Massimo Scarano, Roberto Sciagrà, Massimiliano Sperandio, Antonella Stefanelli, Guido Ventroni, Stefania Zoboli, Dainia Baugh, Duane Chambers, Ernest Madu, Felix Nunura, Hiroshi Asano, Chimura Misato Chimura, Shinichiro Fujimoto, Koichiro Fujisue, Tomohisa Fukunaga, Yoshimitsu Fukushima, Kae Fukuyama, Jun Hashimoto, Yasutaka Ichikawa, Nobuo Iguchi, Masamichi Imai, Anri Inaki, Hayato Ishimura, Satoshi Isobe, Toshiaki Kadokami, Takao Kato, Takashi Kudo, Shinichiro Kumita, Hirotaka Maruno, Hiroyuki Mataki, Masao Miyagawa, Ryota Morimoto, Masao Moroi, Shigeki Nagamachi, Kenichi Nakajima, Tomoaki Nakata, Ryo Nakazato, Mamoru Nanasato, Masanao Naya, Takashi Norikane, Yasutoshi Ohta, Satoshi Okayama, Atsutaka Okizaki, Yoichi Otomi, Hideki Otsuka, Masaki Saito, Sakata Yasushi Sakata, Masayoshi Sarai, Daisuke Sato, Shinya Shiraishi, Yoshinobu Suwa, Kentaro Takanami, Kazuya Takehana, Junichi Taki, Nagara Tamaki, Yasuyo Taniguchi, Hiroki Teragawa, Nobuo Tomizawa, Kenichi Tsujita, Kyoko Umeji, Yasushi Wakabayashi, Shinichiro Yamada, Shinya Yamazaki, Tatsuya Yoneyama, Mohammad Rawashdeh, Daultai Batyrkhanov, Tairkhan Dautov, Khalid Makhdomi, Kevin Ombati, Faridah Alkandari, Masoud Garashi, Tchoyoson Lim Coie, Sonexay Rajvong, Artem Kalinin, Marika Kalnina, Mohamad Haidar, Renata Komiagiene, Giedre Kviecinskiene, Mindaugas Mataciunas, Donatas Vajauskas, Christian Picard, Noor Khairiah A. Karim, Luise Reichmuth, Anthony Samuel, Mohammad Aaftaab Allarakha, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee, Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Erika Barragan, Alejandro Becerril González-Montecinos, Manuel Cabada, Daniel Calderon Rodriguez, Isabel Carvajal-Juarez, Violeta Cortés, Filiberto Cortés, Erasmo De La Peña, Manlio Gama-Moreno, Luis González, Nelsy Gonzalez Ramírez, Moisés Jiménez-Santos, Luis Matos, Edgar Monroy, Martha Morelos, Mario Ornelas, Jose Alberto Ortga Ramirez, Andrés Preciado-Anaya, Óscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente Barragan, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sigelinda Sandoval, Miguel Santaularia Tomas, Lilia M. Sierra-Galan, Silvia Siu, Enrique Vallejo, Mario Valles, Marc Faraggi, Erdenechimeg Sereegotov, Srdja Ilic, Nozha Ben-Rais, Nadia Ismaili Alaoui, Sara Taleb, Khin Pa Pa Myo, Phyo Si Thu, Ram Kumar Ghimire, Bijoy Rajbanshi, Peter Barneveld, Andor Glaudemans, Jesse Habets, Klaas Pieter Koopmans, Jeroen Manders, Stefan Pool, Arthur Scholte, Asbjørn Scholtens, Riemer Slart, Paul Thimister, Erik-Jan Van Asperen, Niels Veltman, Derk Verschure, Nils Wagenaar, John Edmond, Chris Ellis, Kerryanne Johnson, Ross Keenan, Shaw Hua (Anthony) Kueh, Christopher Occleshaw, Alexander Sasse, Andrew To, Niels Van Pelt, Calum Young, Teresa Cuadra, Hector Bladimir Roque Vanegas, Idrissa Adamou Soli, Djibrillou Moussa Issoufou, Tolulope Ayodele, Chibuzo Madu, Yetunde Onimode, Elen Efros-Monsen, Signe Helene Forsdahl, Jenni-Mari Hildre Dimmen, Arve Jørgensen, Isabel Krohn, Pål Løvhaugen, Anders Tjellaug Bråten, Humoud Al Dhuhli, Faiza Al Kindi, Naeema Al-Bulushi, Zabah Jawa, Naima Tag, Muhammad Shehzad Afzal, Shazia Fatima, Muhammad Numair Younis, Musab Riaz, Mohammad Saadullah, Yariela Herrera, Dora Lenturut-Katal, Manuel Castillo Vázquez, José Ortellado, Afroza Akhter, Dianbo Cao, Stephen Cheung, Xu Dai, Lianggeng Gong, Dan Han, Yang Hou, Caiying Li, Tao Li, Dong Li, Sijin Li, Jinkang Liu, Hui Liu, Bin Lu, Ming Yen Ng, Kai Sun, Gongshun Tang, Jian Wang, Ximing Wang, Zhao-Qian Wang, Yining Wang, Yifan Wang, Jiang Wu, Zhifang Wu, Liming Xia, Jiangxi Xiao, Lei Xu, Youyou Yang, Wu Yin, Jianqun Yu, Li Yuan, Tong Zhang, Longjiang Zhang, Yong-Gao Zhang, Xiaoli Zhang, Li Zhu, Ana Alfaro, Paz Abrihan, Asela Barroso, Eric Cruz, Marie Rhiamar Gomez, Vincent Peter Magboo, John Michael Medina, Jerry Obaldo, Davidson Pastrana, Christian Michael Pawhay, Alvin Quinon, Jeanelle Margareth Tang, Bettina Tecson, Kristine Joy Uson, Mila Uy, Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Jolanta Kunikowska, Nuno Bettencourt, Guilhermina Cantinho, Antonio Ferreira, Ghulam Syed, Samer Arnous, Said Atyani, Angela Byrne, Tadhg Gleeson, David Kerins, Conor Meehan, David Murphy, Mark Murphy, John Murray, Julie O'Brien, Ji-In Bang, Henry Bom, Sang-Geon Cho, Chae Moon Hong, Su Jin Jang, Yong Hyu Jeong, Won Jun Kang, Ji-Young Kim, Jaetae Lee, Chang Kyeong Namgung, Young So, Kyoung Sook Won, Venjamin Majstorov, Marija Vavlukis, Barbara Gužic Salobir, Monika Štalc, Theodora Benedek, Imre Benedek, Raluca Mititelu, Claudiu Adrian Stan, Alexey Ansheles, Olga Dariy, Olga Drozdova, Nina Gagarina, Vsevolod Milyevich Gulyaev, Irina Itskovich, Anatoly Karalkin, Alexander Kokov, Ekaterina Migunova, Viktor Pospelov, Daria Ryzhkova, Guzaliya Saifullina, Svetlana Sazonova, Vladimir Sergienko, Irina Shurupova, Tatjana Trifonova, Wladimir Yurievich Ussov, Margarita Vakhromeeva, Nailya Valiullina, Konstantin Zavadovsky, Kirill Zhuravlev, Mirvat Alasnag, Subhani Okarvi, Dragana Sobic Saranovic, Felix Keng, Jia Hao Jason See, Ramkumar Sekar, Min Sen Yew, Andrej Vondrak, Shereen Bejai, George Bennie, Ria Bester, Gerrit Engelbrecht, Osayande Evbuomwan, Harlem Gongxeka, Magritha Jv Vuuren, Mitchell Kaplan, Purbhoo Khushica, Hoosen Lakhi, Lizette Louw, Nico Malan, Katarina Milos, Moshe Modiselle, Stuart More, Mathava Naidoo, Leonie Scholtz, Mboyo Vangu, Santiago Aguadé-Bruix, Isabel Blanco, Antonio Cabrera, Alicia Camarero, Irene Casáns-Tormo, Hug Cuellar-Calabria, Albert Flotats, Maria Eugenia Fuentes Cañamero, María Elia García, Amelia Jimenez-Heffernan, Rubén Leta, Javier Lopez Diaz, Luis Lumbreras, Juan Javier Marquez-Cabeza, Francisco Martin, Anxo Martinez de Alegria, Francisco Medina, Maria Pedrera Canal, Virginia Peiro, Virginia Pubul-Nuñez, Juan Ignacio Rayo Madrid, Cristina Rodríguez Rey, Ricardo Ruano Perez, Joaquín Ruiz, Gertrudis Sabatel Hernández, Ana Sevilla, Nahla Zeidán, Damayanthi Nanayakkara, Chandraguptha Udugama, Magnus Simonsson, Hatem Alkadhi, Ronny Ralf Buechel, Peter Burger, Luca Ceriani, Bart De Boeck, Christoph Gräni, Alix Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Christel H. Kamani, Nadine Kawel-Boehm, Robert Manka, John O. Prior, Axel Rominger, Jean-Paul Vallée, Benjapa Khiewvan, Teerapon Premprabha, Tanyaluck Thientunyakit, Ali Sellem, Kemal Metin Kir, Haluk Sayman, Mugisha Julius Sebikali, Zerida Muyinda, Yaroslav Kmetyuk, Pavlo Korol, Olena Mykhalchenko, Volodymyr Pliatsek, Maryna Satyr, Batool Albalooshi, Mohamed Ismail Ahmed Hassan, Jill Anderson, Punit Bedi, Thomas Biggans, Anda Bularga, Russell Bull, Rajesh Burgul, John-Paul Carpenter, Duncan Coles, David Cusack, Aparna Deshpande, John Dougan, Timothy Fairbairn, Alexia Farrugia, Deepa Gopalan, Alistair Gummow, Prasad Guntur Ramkumar, Mark Hamilton, Mark Harbinson, Thomas Hartley, Benjamin Hudson, Nikhil Joshi, Michael Kay, Andrew Kelion, Azhar Khokhar, Jamie Kitt, Ken Lee, Chen Low, Sze Mun Mak, Ntouskou Marousa, Jon Martin, Elisa Mcalindon, Leon Menezes, Gareth Morgan-Hughes, Alastair Moss, Anthony Murray, Edward Nicol, Dilip Patel, Charles Peebles, Francesca Pugliese, Jonathan Carl Luis Rodrigues, Christopher Rofe, Nikant Sabharwal, Rebecca Schofield, Thomas Semple, Naveen Sharma, Peter Strouhal, Deepak Subedi, William Topping, Katharine Tweed, Jonathan Weir-Mccall, Suhny Abbara, Taimur Abbasi, Brian Abbott, Shady Abohashem, Sandra Abramson, Tarek Al-Abboud, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Omar Almousalli, Karthikeyan Ananthasubramaniam, Mohan Ashok Kumar, Jeffrey Askew, Lea Attanasio, Mallory Balmer-Swain, Richard R. Bayer, Adam Bernheim, Sabha Bhatti, Erik Bieging, Ron Blankstein, Stephen Bloom, Sean Blue, David Bluemke, Andressa Borges, Kelley Branch, Paco Bravo, Jessica Brothers, Matthew Budoff, Renée Bullock-Palmer, Angela Burandt, Floyd W. Burke, Kelvin Bush, Candace Candela, Elizabeth Capasso, Joao Cavalcante, Donald Chang, Saurav Chatterjee, Yiannis Chatzizisis, Michael Cheezum, Tiffany Chen, Jennifer Chen, Marcus Chen, James Clarcq, Ayreen Cordero, Matthew Crim, Sorin Danciu, Bruce Decter, Nimish Dhruva, Neil Doherty, Rami Doukky, Anjori Dunbar, William Duvall, Rachael Edwards, Kerry Esquitin, Husam Farah, Emilio Fentanes, Maros Ferencik, Daniel Fisher, Daniel Fitzpatrick, Cameron Foster, Tony Fuisz, Michael Gannon, Lori Gastner, Myron Gerson, Brian Ghoshhajra, Alan Goldberg, Brian Goldner, Jorge Gonzalez, Rosco Gore, Sandra Gracia-López, Fadi Hage, Agha Haider, Sofia Haider, Yasmin Hamirani, Karen Hassen, Mallory Hatfield, Carolyn Hawkins, Katie Hawthorne, Nicholas Heath, Robert Hendel, Phillip Hernandez, Gregory Hill, Stephen Horgan, Jeff Huffman, Lynne Hurwitz, Ami Iskandrian, Rajesh Janardhanan, Christine Jellis, Scott Jerome, Dinesh Kalra, Summanther Kaviratne, Fernando Kay, Faith Kelly, Omar Khalique, Mona Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl Iii, Jacqueline Kircher, Rachael Kirkbride, Michael Kontos, Anupama Kottam, Joseph Krepp, Jay Layer, Steven H. Lee, Jeffrey Leppo, John Lesser, Steve Leung, Howard Lewin, Diana Litmanovich, Yiyan Liu, Kathleen Magurany, Jeremy Markowitz, Amanda Marn, Stephen E. Matis, Michael Mckenna, Tony Mcrae, Fernando Mendoza, Michael Merhige, David Min, Chanan Moffitt, Karen Moncher, Warren Moore, Shamil Morayati, Michael Morris, Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Zorana Mrsic, Venkatesh Murthy, Prashant Nagpal, Kyle Napier, Katarina Nelson, Prabhjot Nijjar, Medhat Osman, Edward Passen, Amit Patel, Pravin Patil, Ryan Paul, Lawrence Phillips, Venkateshwar Polsani, Rajaram Poludasu, Brian Pomerantz, Thomas Porter, Ryan Prentice, Amit Pursnani, Mark Rabbat, Suresh Ramamurti, Florence Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin Robinson, Kim Robles, Cesar Rodríguez, Mark Rorie, John Rumberger, Raymond Russell, Philip Sabra, Diego Sadler, Mary Schemmer, U. Joseph Schoepf, Samir Shah, Nishant Shah, Sujata Shanbhag, Gaurav Sharma, Steven Shayani, Jamshid Shirani, Pushpa Shivaram, Steven Sigman, Mitch Simon, Ahmad Slim, David Smith, Alexandra Smith, Prem Soman, Aditya Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James Streeter, Albert T, Ahmed Tawakol, Dustin Thomas, Randall Thompson, Tara Torbet, Desiree Trinidad, Shawn Ullery, Samuel Unzek, Seth Uretsky, Srikanth Vallurupalli, Vikas Verma, Alfonso Waller, Ellen Wang, Parker Ward, Gaby Weissman, George Wesbey, Kelly White, David Winchester, David Wolinsky, Sandra Yost, Michael Zgaljardic, Omar Alonso, Mario Beretta, Rodolfo Ferrando, Miguel Kapitan, Fernando Mut, Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva, Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, and Xuan Canh Nguyen
Subjects: cardiac testing, cardiovascular disease, coronavirus, COVID-19, global health, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected management of cardiovascular disease around the world. The effect of the pandemic on volume of cardiovascular diagnostic procedures is not known. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diagnostic procedures and safety practices in Asia. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey to assess changes in cardiovascular procedure volume and safety practices caused by COVID-19. Testing volumes were reported for March 2020 and April 2020 and were compared to those from March 2019. Data from 180 centers across 33 Asian countries were grouped into 4 subregions for comparison. Results: Procedure volumes decreased by 47% from March 2019 to March 2020, showing recovery from March 2020 to April 2020 in Eastern Asia, particularly in China. The majority of centers cancelled outpatient activities and increased time per study. Practice changes included implementing physical distancing and restricting visitors. Although COVID testing was not commonly performed, it was conducted in one-third of facilities in Eastern Asia. The most severe reductions in procedure volumes were observed in lower-income countries, where volumes decreased 81% from March 2019 to April 2020. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic in Asia caused significant reductions in cardiovascular diagnostic procedures, particularly in low-income countries. Further studies on effects of COVID-19 on cardiovascular outcomes and changes in care delivery are warranted.
Published: 2021
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5. Macrogonadotropinoma, a venous thromboembolic event and asymptomatic extensive periventricular white matter changes in a patient with Klinefelter syndrome

Author: Divya Namboodiri, Hui Yi Ng, Aakansha Zala, John Magnussen, Andrew Davidson, Bernard Champion, and Veronica Preda
Subjects: Klinefelter syndrome, macrogonadotropinoma, periventricular white matter changes, pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Gonadotropinoma in Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is uncommon and may be a result of protracted stimulation of gonadotrophs from lack of androgen feedback. Associations of white matter changes and increased venous thromboembolic risk have been reported and need to be considered in patients with KS.
Published: 2020
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6. Preoperative Progressive Pneumoperitoneum Revisited

Author: Kristen E. Elstner, Yusuf Moollan, Emily Chen, Anita S. W. Jacombs, Omar Rodriguez-Acevedo, Nabeel Ibrahim, Kevin Ho-Shon, John Magnussen, and John W. Read
Subjects: Botulinum Toxin A, loss of domain, incisional hernia, complex hernia, preoperative progressive pneumoperitoneum, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Incisional hernia represents a common and potentially serious complication of open abdominal surgery, with up to 20% of all patients undergoing laparotomy subsequently developing an incisional hernia. This incidence increases to as much as 35% for laparotomies performed in high-risk patients and emergency procedures. A rarely used technique for enabling closure of large ventral hernias with loss of domain is preoperative progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP), which uses intermittent insufflation to gradually stretch the contracted abdominal wall muscles, increasing the capacity of the abdominal cavity and allowing viscera to re-establish right of domain. This assists in tension-free closure of giant hernias which may otherwise be considered inoperable. This technique may be used on its own, or in conjunction with preoperative Botulinum Toxin A to confer paralysis to the lateral oblique muscles. These two complementary techniques, are changing the way complex hernias are managed.
Published: 2021
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7. Differentiating Experience From Cue Utilization in Radiological Assessments.

Author: Ann J. Carrigan, John Magnussen, Andrew Georgiou, Kim M. Curby, Thomas J. Palmeri, and Mark W. Wiggins
Published: 2021
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8. Some magnetic resonance imaging findings may predict future low back pain and disability: a systematic review

Author: Christopher S Han, Christopher G Maher, Daniel Steffens, Ashish Diwan, John Magnussen, Emma C Hancock, and Mark J Hancock
Subjects: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Published: 2023
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9. Multidisciplinary discovery of ancient restoration using a rare mud carapace on a mummified individual from late New Kingdom Egypt.

Author: Karin Sowada, Ronika K Power, Geraldine Jacobsen, Timothy Murphy, Alice McClymont, Fiona Bertuch, Andrew Jenkinson, Jacinta Carruthers, and John Magnussen
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: CT scans of an unnamed mummified adult from Egypt, now in the Chau Chak Wing Museum, University of Sydney (NMR.27.3), reveal it to be fully sheathed in a mud shell or carapace, exposing a mortuary treatment not previously documented in the Egyptian archaeological record. The carapace was placed between layers of linen wrappings thus it was not externally visible. Radiocarbon dating of textile samples provide a range of c.1370-1113 cal BC (95.4% probability), with a median date of 1207 cal BC. When assessed against mummification techniques of the era, the individual is placed in the late 19th-20th Dynasty, at the later end of this date range. Multi-proxy analysis including μ-XRF and Raman spectroscopy of carapace fragments from the head area revealed it to consist of three layers, comprising a thin base layer of mud, coated with a white calcite-based pigment and a red-painted surface of mixed composition. Whether the whole surface of the carapace was painted red is unknown. The carapace was a form of ancient conservation applied subsequent to post-mortem damage to the body, intended to reconfigure the body and enable continued existence of the deceased in the afterlife. The carapace can also be interpreted as a form of elite emulation imitating resin shells found within the wrappings of royal bodies from this period.
Published: 2021
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10. Visualization of orbital flow by means of phase contrast MRI.

Author: S. Mojtaba Golzan, Alberto Avolio, John Magnussen, and Stuart L. Graham
Published: 2012
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11. Unwrapping the dead

Author: James Fraser and John Magnussen
Published: 2022
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12. The Mummy Project at the Chau Chak Wing Museum

Author: James Fraser, Conni Lord, and John Magnussen
Published: 2022
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13. Reliability and validity of subjective radiologist reporting of temporal changes in lumbar spine MRI findings

Author: Margery C. Pardey, Mark J. Hancock, Michele C. Battié, James M. Elliott, Jeffrey G. Jarvik, Jeffery McIntosh, John Panagopoulos, Hazel Jenkins, Tue Secher Jensen, John Magnussen, and Christopher G. Maher
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Low Back Pain/diagnostic imaging, Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Lumbar, Radiologists, medicine, False positive paradox, Humans, Reliability (statistics), Lumbar Vertebrae, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Subjective report, Reproducibility of Results, Magnetic resonance imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Low back pain, Inter-rater reliability, Cross-Sectional Studies, Neurology, Female, sense organs, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, Low Back Pain, Kappa
Abstract: Background The importance of lumbar findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains controversial. Changes in lumbar MRI findings over time may provide important insights into the causes of low back pain. However, the reliability and validity of temporal changes are unknown. Objective To (1) investigate the interrater reliability of subjective radiologist reporting of temporal changes in lumbar spine MRI findings and (2) determine how commonly temporal changes are reported when two scans are conducted 30 minutes apart (considered false positives). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Radiology clinic. Participants Forty volunteers (mean age 40; 53% female) with current (n = 31) or previous (n = 9) low back pain underwent initial lumbar MRI on a single 3T scanner. Participants then lay on a bed for 30 minutes before undergoing an identical MRI. In addition, we purposely selected five participants from a previous study with repeat lumbar MRI scans where temporal changes were reported in at least one MRI finding (1-12 weeks after initial scan) and another five participants where no temporal change was reported. The 10 participants were included in analyses for aim 1 only. Interventions Not applicable. Main outcome measures Two blinded radiologists reported on temporal changes between the baseline and repeat scan for 12 different MRI findings (eg, disk herniation, annular fissure) at five levels. Results The interrater reliability of subjective reporting of temporal changes was poor for all MRI findings based on Kappa values (≤ 0.24), but agreement was relatively high (≥ 90.8%). This is explained by the low prevalence of temporal changes as demonstrated by high values for Prevalence and Bias Adjusted Kappa (≥ 0.82). "False positive" temporal changes were reported by at least one radiologist for most MRI findings, but the rate was generally low. Conclusions Caution is required when interpreting temporal changes in lumbar MRI findings owing to low reliability and some false positive reporting.
Published: 2022
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14. Application of deep learning for automatic segmentation of brain tumors on magnetic resonance imaging: a heuristic approach in the clinical scenario

Author: Carlo Russo, Antonio Di Ieva, John Magnussen, Michael Y. Bai, Anne Jian, Yi Qian, and Sidong Liu
Subjects: medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Deep learning, Brain tumor, Magnetic resonance imaging, Pattern recognition, Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, medicine.disease, Convolutional neural network, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Glioma, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Segmentation, Neurology (clinical), Artificial intelligence, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Transfer of learning, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Accurate brain tumor segmentation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has wide-ranging applications such as radiosurgery planning. Advances in artificial intelligence, especially deep learning (DL), allow development of automatic segmentation that overcome the labor-intensive and operator-dependent manual segmentation. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the top-performing DL model from the 2018 Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) challenge, the impact of missing MRI sequences, and whether a model trained on gliomas can accurately segment other brain tumor types. We trained the model using Medical Decathlon dataset, applied it to the BraTS 2019 glioma dataset, and developed additional models using individual and multimodal MRI sequences. The Dice score was calculated to assess the model’s accuracy compared to ground truth labels by neuroradiologists on BraTS dataset. The model was then applied to a local dataset of 105 brain tumors, performance of which was qualitatively evaluated. The DL model using pre- and post-gadolinium contrast T1 and T2 FLAIR sequences performed best, with a Dice score 0.878 for whole tumor, 0.732 tumor core, and 0.699 active tumor. Lack of T1 or T2 sequences did not significantly degrade performance, but FLAIR and T1C were important contributors. All segmentations performed by the model in the local dataset, including non-glioma cases, were considered accurate by a pool of specialists. The DL model could use available MRI sequences to optimize glioma segmentation and adopt transfer learning to segment non-glioma tumors, thereby serving as a useful tool to improve treatment planning and personalized surveillance of patients.
Published: 2021
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15. International Impact of COVID-19 on the Diagnosis of Heart Disease

Author: Einstein, A. J., Shaw, L. J., Hirschfeld, C., Williams, M. C., Villines, T. C., Better, N., Vitola, J. V., Cerci, R., Dorbala, S., Raggi, P., Choi, A. D., Lu, B., Sinitsyn, V., Sergienko, V., Kudo, T., Norgaard, B. L., Maurovich-Horvat, P., Campisi, R., Milan, E., Louw, L., Allam, A. H., Bhatia, M., Malkovskiy, E., Goebel, B., Cohen, Y., Randazzo, M., Narula, J., Pascual, T. N. B., Pynda, Y., Dondi, M., Gerd Hinterleitner, Paez D., Yao, Lu, Olga, Morozova, Zhuoran, Xu, Juan, Lopez-Mattei, Purvi, Parwani, Mohammad Nawaz Nasery, Artan, Goda, Ervina, Shirka, Rabie, Benlabgaa, Salah, Bouyoucef, Abdelkader, Medjahedi, Qais, Nailli, Mariela, Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria Del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo, Arroñada, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo, Benteo, Juan, Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul, Cabrejas, Jorge, Cachero, Alejandro, Canderoli, Silvia, Carames, Patrícia, Carrascosa, Ricardo, Castro, Oscar, Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos, Collaud, Claudia, Cortes, Javier, Courtis, Daniel, Cragnolino, Mariana, Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando, Dettori, Alejandro, Deviggiano, Laura, Dragonetti, Mario, Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge, Ensinas, Fernando, Faccio, Adolfo, Facello, Diego, Garofalo, Ricardo, Geronazzo, Natalia, Gonza, Lucas, Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor, Hasbani, Melina, Huerin, Victor, Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves, A López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra, Marquez, Osvaldo, Masoli, Edgardo, Mastrovito, Matias, Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal, Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana, Molteni, Marcos, Montecinos, Eduardo, Noguera, Carlos, Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo, Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro, Radzinschi, Gustavo, Raimondi, Marcela, Redruello, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico, Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia, Solari, Bruno, Strada, Sonia, Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria Del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan, Wolcan, Susana, Zeffiro, Mari, Sakanyan, Scott, Beuzeville, Raef, Boktor, Patrick, Butler, Jennifer, Calcott, Loretta, Carr, Virgil, Chan, Charles, Chao, Woon, Chong, Mark, Dobson, D'Arne, Downie, Girish, Dwivedi, Barry, Elison, Jean, Engela, Roslyn, Francis, Anand, Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce, Goodwin, Robert, Greenough, Christian, Hamilton-Craig, Victar, Hsieh, Subodh, Joshi, Karin, Lederer, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Lee, John, Magnussen, Nghi, Mai, Gordon, Mander, Fiona, Murton, Dee, Nandurkar, Johanne, Neill, Edward, O'Rourke, Patricia, O'Sullivan, George, Pandos, Kunthi, Pathmaraj, Alexander, Pitman, Rohan, Poulter, Manuja, Premaratne, David, Prior, Lloyd, Ridley, Natalie, Rutherford, Hamid, Salehi, Connor, Saunders, Luke, Scarlett, Sujith, Seneviratne, Deepa, Shetty, Ganesh, Shrestha, Jonathan, Shulman, Vijay, Solanki, Tony, Stanton, Murch, Stuart, Michael, Stubbs, Ian, Swainson, Kim, Taubman, Andrew, Taylor, Paul, Thomas, Steven, Unger, Anthony, Upton, Shankar, Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan, Verjans, Demetrius, Voutnis, Victor, Wayne, Peter, Wilson, David, Wong, Kirby, Wong, John, Younger, Gudrun, Feuchtner, Siroos, Mirzaei, Konrad, Weiss, Natallia, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Olivier, Gheysens, Filip, Homans, Rodrigo, Moreno-Reyes, Agnès, Pasquet, Veronique, Roelants, Caroline, M Van De Heyning, Raúl Araujo Ríos, Valentina, Soldat-Stankovic, Sinisa, Stankovic, Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto, Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana, Andrade, Carlos, Anselmi, Roberta, Araújo, Guilherme, Azevedo, Sabbrina, Bezerra, Rodrigo, Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone, Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara, Carreira, Bruno, Castro, Tien, Chang, Fernando Cunali Jr, Roberto, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda, Erthal, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno, Ghini, Luiz, Goncalves, Ilan, Gottlieb, Marcelo, Hadlich, Vinícius, Kameoka, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado, E Silva, Tiago, Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio, Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania, Naue, Danilo, Naves, Roberto, Nolasco, Cesar, Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo, Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim, Pinto, Priscila, Possetti, Mayra, Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo, Rocha, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Rodrigues, Leila, Romantini, Adelina, Sanches, Sara, Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo, Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago, Senra, Afonso, Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano, Siqueira, Paola, Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo, Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge, Torreao, Rafael, Torres, Marly, Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia, Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto, Waltrick, Marcello, Zapparoli, Hamid, Naseer, Marina, Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena, Kostadinova, Youdaline, Theng, Gad, Abikhzer, Rene, Barette, Benjamin, Chow, Dominique, Dabreo, Matthias, Friedrich, Ria, Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris, Johnson, Marla, Kiess, Jonathon, Leipsic, Eugene, Leung, Robert, Miller, Anastasia, Oikonomou, Stephan, Probst, Idan, Roifman, Gary, Small, Vikas, Tandon, Adwait, Trivedi, James, White, Katherine, Zukotynski, Jose, Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen, Concha, Pablo, Hidalgo, Cesar, Lovera, Teresa, Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas, Pedro, Abad, Harold, Arturo, Sandra, Ayala, Luis, Benitez, Alberto, Cadena, Carlos, Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon, Gomez, Claudia, T Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia, Jaimes, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz, Pabon, Mauricio, Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego, Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres, Vasquez, Damiana, Vergel, Alejandro, Zuluaga, Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel, Castro, Ulises, González, Ana, Baric, Tonci, Batinic, Maja, Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen, Jukic, Petar, Medakovic, Viktor, Persic, Marina, Prpic, Ante, Punda, Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner, Menéndez, Amalia, Peix, Luis, Rochela, Christoforos, Panagidis, Ioannis, Petrou, Vaclav, Engelmann, Milan, Kaminek, Vladimír, Kincl, Otto, Lang, Milan, Simanek, Jawdat, Abdulla, Morten, Bøttcher, Mette, Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip, Hasbak, Søren, Hess, Paw, Holdgaard, Allan, Johansen, Kasper, Kyhl, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf, Steffensen, Anders, Thomassen, Zerahn, Bo, Alfredo, Perez, Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez, Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen, Abougabal, Taghreed, Ahmed, Ahmed, Asfour, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Hassan, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Sameh, Kaffas, Ahmed, Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad, Mansy, Hany, Maurice, Sherif, Nabil, Mahmoud, Shaaban, Ana Camila Flores, Anne, Poksi, Juhani, Knuuti, Velipekka, Kokkonen, Martti, Larikka, Valtteri, Uusitalo, Matthieu, Bailly, Samuel, Burg, Jean-François, Deux, Vincent, Habouzit, Fabien, Hyafil, Olivier, Lairez, Franck, Proffit, Hamza, Regaieg, Laure, Sarda-Mantel, Vania, Tacher, Roman, P Schneider, 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Ahmed Tawakol, Dustin, Thomas, Randall, Thompson, Tara, Torbet, Desiree, Trinidad, Shawn, Ullery, Samuel, Unzek, Seth, Uretsky, Srikanth, Vallurupalli, Vikas, Verma, Alfonso, Waller, Ellen, Wang, Parker, Ward, Gaby, Weissman, George, Wesbey, Kelly, White, David, Winchester, David, Wolinsky, Sandra, Yost, Michael, Zgaljardic, Omar, Alonso, Mario, Beretta, Rodolfo, Ferrando, Miguel, Kapitan, Fernando, Mut, Omoa, Djuraev, Gulnora, Rozikhodjaeva, Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, Xuan Canh Nguyen, Einstein, A. J., Shaw, L. J., Hirschfeld, C., Williams, M. C., Villines, T. C., Better, N., Vitola, J. V., Cerci, R., Dorbala, S., Raggi, P., Choi, A. D., Lu, B., Sinitsyn, V., Sergienko, V., Kudo, T., Norgaard, B. L., Maurovich-Horvat, P., Campisi, R., Milan, E., Louw, L., Allam, A. H., Bhatia, M., Malkovskiy, E., Goebel, B., Cohen, Y., Randazzo, M., Narula, J., Pascual, T. N. B., Pynda, Y., Dondi, M., Paez, D., Cuocolo, A., Einstein, A, Shaw, L, Hirschfeld, C, Williams, M, Villines, T, Better, N, Vitola, J, Cerci, R, Dorbala, S, Raggi, P, Choi, A, Lu, B, Sinitsyn, V, Sergienko, V, Kudo, T, Norgaard, B, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Campisi, R, Milan, E, Louw, L, Allam, A, Bhatia, M, Malkovskiy, E, Goebel, B, Cohen, Y, Randazzo, M, Narula, J, Pascual, T, Pynda, Y, Dondi, M, Paez, D, Pacella, S, and Erba, P
Subjects: INCAPS COVID Investigators Group, Heart disease, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular, coronavirus, global health, IAEA, Disease, Telehealth, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiovascular, 0302 clinical medicine, cardiovascular disease, cardiac testing, COVID-19, diagnostic techniques, cardiovascular, health care surveys, heart diseases, humans, international agencies, Pandemic, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, COVID-19 Heart Disease, Cause of death, STATEMENT, Heart Disease, International Agencie, Public Health and Health Services, Biomedical Imaging, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Clinical Research, medicine, Humans, Personal protective equipment, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, business.industry, International Agencies, medicine.disease, the, coronaviru, Diagnostic Techniques, Good Health and Well Being, Clinical research, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Health Care Survey, Health Care Surveys, Emergency medicine, Global Health, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected diagnosis and treatment of noncommunicable diseases. Its effects on delivery of diagnostic care for cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death worldwide, have not been quantified. OBJECTIVES The study sought to assess COVID-19`s impact on global cardiovascular diagnostic procedural volumes and safety practices. METHODS The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing alterations in cardiovascular procedure volumes and safety practices resulting from COVID-19. Noninvasive and invasive cardiac testing volumes were obtained from participating sites for March and April 2020 and compared with those from March 2019. Availability of personal protective equipment and pandemic-related testing practice changes were ascertained. RESULTS Surveys were submitted from 909 inpatient and outpatient centers performing cardiac diagnostic procedures, in 108 countries. Procedure volumes decreased 42% from March 2019 to March 2020, and 64% from March 2019 to April 2020. Transthoradc echocardiography decreased by 59%, transesophageat echocardiography 76%, and stress tests 78%, which varied between stress modalities. Coronary angiography (invasive or computed tomography) decreased 55% (p < 0.001 for each procedure). hi multivariable regression, significantly greater reduction in procedures occurred for centers in countries with lower gross domestic product. Location in a low-income and lower-middle-income country was associated with an additional 22% reduction in cardiac procedures and less availability of personal protective equipment and teteheatth. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 was associated with a significant and abrupt reduction in cardiovascular diagnostic testing across the globe, especially affecting the world's economically challenged. Further study of cardiovascular outcomes and COVID-19-related changes in care delivery is warranted. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
Published: 2021
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16. Cerebellar Tonsillar Descent Mimicking Chiari Malformation

Author: Rachel J. Park, Sunil Unnikrishnan, Joel Berliner, John Magnussen, Shinuo Liu, and Marcus A. Stoodley
Subjects: General Medicine, Chiari I malformation, spontaneous intracranial hypotension, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, arachnoiditis, dural band, cysts, syringomyelia
Abstract: Chiari I malformation has been defined as cerebellar tonsillar descent greater than 5 mm below the foramen magnum. Suboccipital decompression remains the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic patients. Other conditions sometimes have imaging features that mimic Chiari I malformation. These patients are at risk of misdiagnosis and mismanagement, including surgery that may be unnecessary or may even worsen the underlying condition. The aim of this study was to analyse a series of Chiari I malformation mimics and identify differentiating imaging features. The mimics are categorised as post-traumatic cranio-cervical junction arachnoiditis, dural band, spontaneous intracranial hypotension, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and cysts. Better understanding of these conditions will assist with diagnosis and optimal management, including avoiding unnecessary surgery.
Published: 2023
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17. Analysis of periosteal lesions from commingled human remains at the Xagħra Circle hypogeum reveals the first case of probable scurvy from Neolithic Malta

Author: Laura T. Buck, Bernardette Mercieca-Spiteri, Simon Stoddart, Caroline Malone, Margery C. Pardey, T. Rowan McLaughlin, John Magnussen, Jess E. Thompson, Jay T. Stock, Ronika K. Power, Thompson, Jess E. [0000-0002-9389-0545], Power, Ronika K. [0000-0002-1092-8131], Magnussen, John S. [0000-0002-4422-276X], Pardey, Margery [0000-0002-5675-7606], Buck, Laura T. [0000-0002-1768-9049], Stock, Jay T. [0000-0003-0147-8631], McLaughlin, T. Rowan [0000-0003-4923-1339], Stoddart, Simon [0000-0002-5480-7075], Malone, Caroline [0000-0002-7710-0013], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Thompson, JE [0000-0002-9389-0545], Power, RK [0000-0002-1092-8131], Magnussen, JS [0000-0002-4422-276X], Pardey, M [0000-0002-5675-7606], Buck, LT [0000-0002-1768-9049], Stock, JT [0000-0003-0147-8631], McLaughlin, TR [0000-0003-4923-1339], Stoddart, S [0000-0002-5480-7075], and Malone, C [0000-0002-7710-0013]
Subjects: Micro-CT, Archeology, History, periosteal lesions, scurvy, Mediterranean, Ancient history, RESEARCH ARTICLES, RESEARCH ARTICLE, commingled remains, medicine, QE, 0601 history and archaeology, Research article, vitamin C deficiency, Neolithic, palaeopathology, Vitamin C deficiency, Micro ct, Micro‐CT, Paleopathology, 060101 anthropology, 060102 archaeology, European research, 06 humanities and the arts, Scurvy, medicine.disease, Anthropology
Abstract: Funder: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011199; Grant(s): 323727, Funder: Magdalene College, University of Cambridge; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000653, Funder: Arts and Humanities Research Council; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000267, Objectives: Palaeopathological analysis is key for characterising population health at the individual level and across large assemblages but is rarely exploited to unite the remains of disarticulated individuals. This study explores the potential for individual identification through differential diagnosis of periosteal lesions in a commingled deposit, both to ascertain the number of individuals represented and provide a differential diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The late Neolithic Xagħra Circle hypogeum on Gozo contains the remains of more than 800 individuals, most of which were transformed to a collective disarticulated assemblage. Across the excavated population, pathological observations are strikingly low. In one specific 1 × 1‐m area in a single stratigraphic context, fragmented and disarticulated cranial and post‐cranial non‐adult bones were identified that displayed periosteal new bone formation. To aid differential diagnosis, macroscopic analysis, taphonomic analysis and micro‐computed tomography (μCT) imaging were integrated. Results: This approach, when combined with osteobiographical analyses, reveals that the elements most likely derive from one individual, a young child, who presents a probable case of scurvy. The potential for micronutrient co‐morbidities are explored, but without further microscopic study it cannot be determined if this individual also experienced iron‐deficiency anaemia and/or rickets. Discussion: In the context of the Mediterranean and Europe in later prehistory, reported cases of scurvy are currently low and often reveal periods of environmental instability and resource insufficiency. Our finding of non‐adult scurvy in late 3rd millennium BC Malta contributes to a developing picture of an increasingly unstable palaeoenvironment and declining population health at this time, although it may also indicate an individual case of poor childhood health within this broader context.
Published: 2021
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18. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Assessment of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Status in Gliomas: The New Frontiers of Spectrobiopsy in Neurodiagnostics

Author: John Magnussen, Jeffery McIntosh, Margery C. Pardey, Antonio Di Ieva, Michael J. Mulcahy, and Changho Choi
Subjects: Adult, Male, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, IDH1, DNA Mutational Analysis, Neuroimaging, Pilot Projects, Sensitivity and Specificity, IDH2, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Diffuse Glioma, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Glioma, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Survival rate, Brain Neoplasms, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Neoplasm Proteins, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Tumor progression, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Female, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Forecasting
Abstract: Background In the era of integrated genomic-histologic analysis of brain tumors, new biomarkers have been introduced as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic indicators. The analysis of the mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes IDH1 and IDH2 has provided important diagnostic and prognostic information for patients affected by diffuse glioma (i.e., the presence of the mutation has been related to an increased survival rate). The reference standard of IDH mutation detection has been its assessment in surgical specimens, immunohistochemistry, and/or genetic sequencing. Knowing the IDH status information preoperatively would be of great importance, because it has been related to tumor progression and the response to treatment. The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), accumulated in gliomas with IDH mutation status, can be detected in vivo using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Methods The 2HG-MRS technique remains technically challenging. We have summarized the results of the first pilot study in Australia, which included 10 patients affected by glioma. The data recorded from May 2017 to November 2018 were analyzed. Results In our exploratory study, we reached a sensitivity and specificity of 100%, confirming the strong predictive role of 2HG, as detected using MRS, in the diagnosis of glioma. Conclusion In the present study, we have focused on methodological tips and future perspectives of the technique in the neuroimaging and neuro-oncological scenario. We would advocate the integration of 2HG-MRS into standard clinical practice.
Published: 2020
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19. Cerebellar Tissue Strain in Chiari Malformation with Headache

Author: Lynne E. Bilston, Marcus A. Stoodley, Bryden H. Dawes, Jeffrey Rogers, John Magnussen, and Robert A. Lloyd
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Strain (injury), Pathogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebellum, medicine, Humans, Displacement (orthopedic surgery), Respiratory system, Retrospective Studies, Chiari malformation, Cardiac cycle, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Headache, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cerebellar tonsil, Female, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective The pathogenesis of Chiari malformation type 1 (CM-1)—associated Valsalva headache is unknown, but it may be caused by abnormal cerebellar tonsil tissue strain. Advances in cardiac-gated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques such as balanced fast-field echo (bFFE) allow quantification of the motion of anatomic structures and can be used to measure tissue strain. The current study investigated the relationship between Valsalva heachache and tonsillar motion in patients with CM-1. Methods A retrospective review of patients with CM-1 who had undergone cardiac-gated bFFE MRI was performed. Headache symptoms were retrieved from the medical records. Anatomic landmarks were manually selected on the cine bFFE, and a validated motion-tracking software was used to assess motion over the cardiac cycle in patients at rest. For each patient, displacement, strain, and strain rate were calculated for 3 anatomic segments. Patients undergoing surgery were examined before and after surgery. Results From 88 patients, a total of 108 bFFE sequences were analyzed. Valsalva headache was present in 50% of patients. Cerebellar tonsil displacement (P = 0.003), strain (P = 0.012), and maximum strain rate (P = 0.04) were reduced after surgery (n = 20). There was no statistically significant association between tissue motion and headache symptoms. Conclusion The results of this study do not support a relationship between cardiac cycle cerebellar strain and Valsalva headache in patients with CM-1. It is possible that cerebellar strain related to respiratory maneuvers is associated with headache in Chiari patients. Further investigation of tissue strain is warranted because it represents a potential biomarker for outcomes after surgery.
Published: 2019
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20. Recycled Blessings: An Investigative Case Study of a Rewrapped Egyptian Votive Mummy Using Novel and Established 3D Imaging Techniques

Author: Ronika K. Power, John Magnussen, Carla Raymond, Christopher J. Davey, Simon M. Clark, Anthony Lanati, Joseph J. Bevitt, and Yann Tristant
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, History, 060102 archaeology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Pattern recognition, Computed tomography, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, Ancient egypt, Late period, medicine, 0601 history and archaeology, Imaging technique, Artificial intelligence, business, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: This case study was the first of its kind, where neutron computed tomography (CT) was applied to a wrapped mummified animal. Conventional X-ray CT was also used to allow for meaningful comparison, and complementary data for a comprehensive investigation. Previous applications of both techniques are limited to metallic objects, such as bronze Buddhas. The mummy used in this study (IA.2402) is dated between the Third Intermediate Period (1069–664 bce) to Late Period (664–332 bce) according to the wrapping style, and was originally believed to contain a complete skeleton of a feline. However, precise date and provenance were unknown. Our results prove the presence of only partial juvenile feline remains, and provide a date range for artefact creation (900–804 bce ± 30) and alteration (367–204 bce ± 30). Therefore, this study implements an established imaging technique (neutron CT) in a novel way, while preserving and conserving the intrinsic value of the artefact through non-destructive investigation.
Published: 2019
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21. Effect of combination inhaled therapy on ventilation distribution measured by SPECT/CT imaging in uncontrolled asthma

Author: Dale L. Bailey, David G. Chapman, Gregory G. King, John Magnussen, Francesca S. M. Tang, Marko Trifunovic, Catherine E. Farrow, Jessica R. Dame Carroll, Cindy Thamrin, and Sandra Rutting
Subjects: Physiology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Single-photon emission computed tomography, Single photon emission, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Physiology (medical), Administration, Inhalation, medicine, Distribution (pharmacology), Humans, Lung, Asthma, Aged, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Respiration, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, Uncontrolled asthma, Ventilation (architecture), Drug Therapy, Combination, Ct imaging, Nuclear medicine, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract: This study provides insights into the mechanisms of high-dose ICS treatment in uncontrolled asthma. Ventilation defects as measured by SPECT/CT imaging, respond heterogeneously to increased ICS/LABA treatment, with improvement occurring when ventilation defects and impairment of convection-dependent small airway function are more severe. Persistent correlations between ventilation defects and measures of small airway function, suggests the potential presence of ICS non-responsive inflammation and/or remodelling.
Published: 2021

22. Reduction of cardiac imaging tests during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Italy. Findings from the IAEA Non-invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Author: Dondi, M., Milan, E., Pontone, G., Hirschfeld, C. B., Williams, M., Shaw, L. J., Pynda, Y., Raggi, P., Cerci, R., Vitola, J., Better, N., Villines, T. C., Dorbala, S., Pascual, T. N. B., Giubbini, R., Einstein, A. J., Paez, D., Italy: Domenico Albano, Pierpaolo, Alongi, Gaspare, Arnone, Elisa, Bagatin, Sergio, Baldari, Matteo, Bauckneht, Paolo, Bertelli, Francesco, Bianco, Rachele, Bonfiglioli, Roberto, Boni, Andrea, Bruno, Isabella, Bruno, Elena, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Luca, Camoni, Aldo, Carnevale, Roberta, Casoni, Armando Ugo Cavallo, Giorgio, Cavenaghi, Franca, Chierichetti, Marcello, Chiocchi, Corrado, Cittanti, Mauro, Colletta, Umberto, Conti, Alberto, Cossu, Alberto, Cuocolo, Marco, Cuzzocrea, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Eleonora Del Giudice, Alberico Del Torto, Veronica Della Tommasina, Rexhep, Durmo, Paola Anna Erba, Laura, Evangelista, Riccardo, Faletti, Evelina, Faragasso, Mohsen, Farsad, Paola, Ferro, Luigia, Florimonte, Viviana, Frantellizzi, Fabio Massimo Fringuelli, Marco, Gatti, Angela, Gaudiano, Alessia, Gimelli, Raffaele, Giubbini, Francesca, Giuffrida, Salvatore, Ialuna, Riccardo, Laudicella, Lucia, Leccisotti, Lucia, Leva, Liga, Riccardo, Carlo, Liguori, Giampiero, Longo, Margherita, Maffione, Maria Elisabetta Mancini, Claudio, Marcassa, Elisa, Milan, Barbara, Nardi, Sara, Pacella, Giovanna, Pepe, Gianluca, Pontone, Sabina, Pulizzi, Natale, Quartuccio, Lucia, Rampin, Fabrizio, Ricci, Pierluigi, Rossini, Giuseppe, Rubini, Vincenzo, Russo, Gian Mauro Sacchetti, Gianmario, Sambuceti, Massimo, Scarano, Roberto, Sciagrà, Massimiliano, Sperandio, Antonella, Stefanelli, Guido, Ventroni, Stefania Zoboli Members from Rest of the World (alphabetically by country and last name) Afghanistan: Mohammad Nawaz Nasery Albania: Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka Algeria: Rabie Benlabgaa, Salah, Bouyoucef, Abdelkader, Medjahedi, Qais Nailli Argentina: Mariela Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo, Arroñada, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo, Benteo, Juan, Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul, Cabrejas, Jorge, Cachero, Roxana, Campisi, Alejandro, Canderoli, Silvia, Carames, Patrícia, Carrascosa, Ricardo, Castro, Oscar, Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos, Collaud, Claudia, Cortes, Javier, Courtis, Daniel, Cragnolino, Mariana, Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando, Dettori, Alejandro, Deviggiano, Laura, Dragonetti, Mario, Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge, Ensinas, Fernando, Faccio, Adolfo, Facello, Diego, Garofalo, Ricardo, Geronazzo, Natalia, Gonza, Lucas, Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor, Hasbani, Melina, Huerin, Victor, Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves, A López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra, Marquez, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio Masoli, Edgardo, Mastrovito, Matias, Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal, Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana, Molteni, Marcos, Montecinos, Eduardo, Noguera, Carlos, Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo, Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro, Radzinschi, Gustavo, Raimondi, Marcela, Redruello, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico, Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia, Solari, Bruno, Strada, Sonia, Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan, Wolcan, Susana Zeffiro Armenia: Mari Sakanyan Australia: Scott Beuzeville, Raef, Boktor, Patrick, Butler, Jennifer, Calcott, Loretta, Carr, Virgil, Chan, Charles, Chao, Woon, Chong, Mark, Dobson, D'Arne, Downie, Girish, Dwivedi, Barry, Elison, Jean, Engela, Roslyn, Francis, Anand, Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce, Goodwin, Robert, Greenough, Christian, Hamilton-Craig, Victar, Hsieh, Subodh, Joshi, Karin, Lederer, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Lee, John, Magnussen, Nghi, Mai, Gordon, Mander, Fiona, Murton, Dee, Nandurkar, Johanne, Neill, Edward, O'Rourke, Patricia, O'Sullivan, George, Pandos, Kunthi, Pathmaraj, Alexander, Pitman, Rohan, Poulter, Manuja, Premaratne, David, Prior, Lloyd, Ridley, Natalie, Rutherford, Hamid, Salehi, Connor, Saunders, Luke, Scarlett, Sujith, Seneviratne, Deepa, Shetty, Ganesh, Shrestha, Jonathan, Shulman, Vijay, Solanki, Tony, Stanton, Murch, Stuart, Michael, Stubbs, Ian, Swainson, Kim, Taubman, Andrew, Taylor, Paul, Thomas, Steven, Unger, Anthony, Upton, Shankar, Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan, Verjans, Demetrius, Voutnis, Victor, Wayne, Peter, Wilson, David, Wong, Kirby, Wong, John Younger Austria: Gudrun Feuchtner, Siroos, Mirzaei, Konrad Weiss Belarus: Natallia Maroz-Vadalazhskaya Belgium: Olivier Gheysens, Filip, Homans, Rodrigo, Moreno-Reyes, Agnès, Pasquet, Veronique, Roelants, Van De Heyning Bolivia: Raúl Araujo Ríos Bosnia - Herzegovina: Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Caroline M., Sinisa Stankovic Brazil: Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto, Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana, Andrade, Carlos, Anselmi, Roberta, Araújo, Guilherme, Azevedo, Sabbrina, Bezerra, Rodrigo, Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone, Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara, Carreira, Bruno, Castro, Tien, Chang, Fernando Cunali, Jr., Roberto, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda, Erthal, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno, Ghini, Luiz, Goncalves, Ilan, Gottlieb, Marcelo, Hadlich, Vinícius, Kameoka, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado, e Silva, Tiago, Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio, Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania, Naue, Danilo, Naves, Roberto, Nolasco, Cesar, Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo, Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim, Pinto, Priscila, Possetti, Mayra, Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo, Rocha, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Rodrigues, Leila, Romantini, Adelina, Sanches, Sara, Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo, Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago, Senra, Afonso, Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano, Siqueira, Paola, Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo, Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge, Torreao, Rafael, Torres, Marly, Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia, Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto, Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli Brunei Darussalam: Hamid Naseer Bulgaria: Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena Kostadinova Cambodia: Youdaline Theng Canada: Gad Abikhzer, Rene, Barette, Benjamin, Chow, Dominique, Dabreo, Matthias, Friedrich, Ria, Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris, Johnson, Marla, Kiess, Jonathon, Leipsic, Eugene, Leung, Robert, Miller, Anastasia, Oikonomou, Stephan, Probst, Idan, Roifman, Gary, Small, Vikas, Tandon, Adwait, Trivedi, James, White, Katherine Zukotynski Chile: Jose Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen, Concha, Pablo, Hidalgo, Cesar, Lovera, Teresa, Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas Colombia: Pedro Abad, Harold, Arturo, Sandra, Ayala, Luis, Benitez, Alberto, Cadena, Carlos, Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon, Gomez, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Claudia, Jaimes, Juan, Londoño, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz, Pabon, Mauricio, Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego, Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres, Vasquez, Damiana, Vergel, Alejandro Zuluaga Costa Rica: Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel, Castro, Ulises, González, Croatia: Ana Baric, Tonci, Batinic, Maja, Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen, Jukic, Petar, Medakovic, Viktor, Persic, Marina, Prpic, Ante Punda Cuba: Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner, Menéndez, Amalia, Peix, Luis Rochela Cyprus: Christoforos Panagidis, Ioannis Petrou Czech Republic: Vaclav Engelmann, Milan, Kaminek, Vladimír, Kincl, Otto, Lang, Milan Simanek Denmark: Jawdat Abdulla, Morten, Bøttcher, Mette, Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip, Hasbak, Søren, Hess, Paw, Holdgaard, Allan, Johansen, Kasper, Kyhl, Bjarne Linde Norgaard, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf, Steffensen, Anders, Thomassen, Bo Zerahn Dominican Republic: Alfredo Perez Ecuador: Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez Egypt: Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen, Abougabal, Taghreed, Ahmed, Adel, Allam, Ahmed, Asfour, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Hassan, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Sameh, Kaffas, Ahmed, Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad, Mansy, Hany, Maurice, Sherif, Nabil, Mahmoud Shaaban El Salvador: Ana Camila Flores Estonia: Anne Poksi Finland: Juhani Knuuti, Velipekka, Kokkonen, Martti, Larikka, Valtteri Uusitalo France: Matthieu Bailly, Samuel, Burg, Jean-François, Deux, Vincent, Habouzit, Fabien, Hyafil, Olivier, Lairez, Franck, Proffit, Hamza, Regaieg, Laure, Sarda-Mantel, Schneider Ghana: Harold Ayetey Greece: George Angelidis, Vania Tacher Germany: Roman P., Aikaterini, Archontaki, Sofia, Chatziioannou, Ioannis, Datseris, Christina, Fragkaki, Panagiotis, Georgoulias, Sophia, Koukouraki, Maria, Koutelou, Eleni, Kyrozi, Evangelos, Repasos, Petros, Stavrou, Pipitsa Valsamaki Guatemala: Carla Gonzalez, Goleat Gutierrez Honduras: Alejandro Maldonado Hungary: Klara Buga, Ildiko, Garai, Pál, Maurovich-Horvat, Erzsébet, Schmidt, Balint, Szilveszter, Edit Várady India: Nilesh Banthia, Jinendra Kumar Bhagat, Rishi, Bhargava, Vivek, Bhat, Mona, Bhatia, Partha, Choudhury, Vijay Sai Chowdekar, Aparna, Irodi, Shashank, Jain, Elizabeth, Joseph, Sukriti, Kumar, Prof Dr Girijanandan Mahapatra, Deepanjan, Mitra, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Ahmad, Ozair, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Shivani, Patel, Sudhir, Saxena, Shantanu, Sengupta, Santosh, Singh, Bhanupriya, Singh, Ashwani, Sood, Atul Verma Indonesia: Erwin Affandi, Padma Savenadia Alam, Edison, Edison, Gani, Gunawan, Habusari, Hapkido, Basuki, Hidayat, Aulia, Huda, Anggoro Praja Mukti, Djoko, Prawiro, Erwin Affandi Soeriadi, Hilman Syawaluddin Iraq: Amjed Albadr Islamic Republic of Iran: Majid Assadi, Farshad, Emami, Golnaz, Houshmand, Majid, Maleki, Maryam Tajik Rostami, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi Israel: Eed Abu Zaid, Svetlana, Agranovich, Yoav, Arnson, Rachel, Bar-Shalom, Alex, Frenkel, Galit, Knafo, Rachel, Lugassi, Israel Shlomo Maor Moalem, Maya, Mor, Noam, Muskal, Sara, Ranser, Aryeh Shalev Jamaica: Dainia Baugh, Duane, Chambers, Ernest, Madu, Felix Nunura Japan: Hiroshi Asano, Chimura Misato Chimura, Shinichiro, Fujimoto, Koichiro, Fujisue, Tomohisa, Fukunaga, Yoshimitsu, Fukushima, Kae, Fukuyama, Jun, Hashimoto, Yasutaka, Ichikawa, Nobuo, Iguchi, Masamichi, Imai, Anri, Inaki, Hayato, Ishimura, Satoshi, Isobe, Toshiaki, Kadokami, Takao, Kato, Takashi, Kudo, Shinichiro, Kumita, Hirotaka, Maruno, Hiroyuki, Mataki, Masao, Miyagawa, Ryota, Morimoto, Masao, Moroi, Shigeki, Nagamachi, Kenichi, Nakajima, Tomoaki, Nakata, Ryo, Nakazato, Mamoru, Nanasato, Masanao, Naya, Takashi, Norikane, Yasutoshi, Ohta, Satoshi, Okayama, Atsutaka, Okizaki, Yoichi, Otomi, Hideki, Otsuka, Masaki, Saito, Sakata Yasushi Sakata, Masayoshi, Sarai, Daisuke, Sato, Shinya, Shiraishi, Yoshinobu, Suwa, Kentaro, Takanami, Kazuya, Takehana, Junichi, Taki, Nagara, Tamaki, Yasuyo, Taniguchi, Hiroki, Teragawa, Nobuo, Tomizawa, Kenichi, Tsujita, Kyoko, Umeji, Yasushi, Wakabayashi, Shinichiro, Yamada, Shinya, Yamazaki, Tatsuya Yoneyama Jordan: Mohammad Rawashdeh Kazakhstan: Daultai Batyrkhanov, Tairkhan Dautov Kenya: Khalid Makhdomi, Kevin Ombati Kuwait: Faridah Alkandari, Masoud Garashi Lao People's Democratic Republic: Tchoyoson Lim Coie, Sonexay Rajvong Latvia: Artem Kalinin, Marika Kalnina Lebanon: Mohamad Haidar Lithuania: Renata Komiagiene, Giedre, Kviecinskiene, Mindaugas, Mataciunas, Karim Malta: Luise Reichmuth, Donatas Vajauskas Luxembourg: Christian Picard Malaysia: Noor Khairiah A., Anthony Samuel Mauritius: Mohammad Aaftaab Allarakha, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee Mexico: Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Erika, Barragan, Alejandro Becerril González-Montecinos, Manuel, Cabada, Daniel Calderon Rodriguez, Isabel, Carvajal-Juarez, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, Cortés, Erasmo De La Peña, Manlio, Gama-Moreno, Luis, González, Nelsy Gonzalez Ramírez, Moisés, Jiménez-Santos, Luis, Matos, Edgar, Monroy, Martha, Morelos, Mario, Ornelas, Jose Alberto Ortga Ramirez, Andrés, Preciado-Anaya, Óscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente Barragan, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sigelinda, Sandoval, Miguel Santaularia Tomas, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Silvia, Siu, Enrique, Vallejo, Mario Valles Monaco: Marc Faraggi Mongolia: Erdenechimeg Sereegotov Montenegro: Srdja Ilic Morocco: Nozha Ben-Rais, Nadia Ismaili Alaoui, Sara Taleb Myanmar: Khin Pa Pa Myo, Phyo Si Thu Nepal: Ram Kumar Ghimire, Bijoy Rajbanshi Netherlands: Peter Barneveld, Andor, Glaudemans, Jesse, Habets, Klaas Pieter Koopmans, Jeroen, Manders, Stefan, Pool, Arthur, Scholte, Asbjørn, Scholtens, Riemer, Slart, Paul, Thimister, Erik-Jan Van Asperen, Niels, Veltman, Derk, Verschure, Nils Wagenaar New Zealand: John Edmond, Chris, Ellis, Kerryanne, Johnson, Ross, Keenan, Shaw Hua (Anthony) Kueh, Christopher, Occleshaw, Alexander, Sasse, Andrew, To, Niels Van Pelt, Calum Young Nicaragua: Teresa Cuadra, Hector Bladimir Roque Vanegas Niger: Idrissa Adamou Soli, Djibrillou Moussa Issoufou Nigeria: Tolulope Ayodele, Chibuzo, Madu, Yetunde Onimode Norway: Elen Efros-Monsen, Signe Helene Forsdahl, Jenni-Mari Hildre Dimmen, Arve, Jørgensen, Isabel, Krohn, Pål, Løvhaugen, Anders Tjellaug Bråten Oman: Humoud Al Dhuhli, Faiza Al Kindi, Naeema, Al-Bulushi, Zabah, Jawa, Naima Tag Pakistan: Muhammad Shehzad Afzal, Shazia, Fatima, Muhammad Numair Younis, Musab, Riaz, Mohammad Saadullah Panama: Yariela Herrera Papua New Guinea: Dora Lenturut-Katal Paraguay: Manuel Castillo Vázquez, José Ortellado People's Republic of Bangladesh: Afroza Akhter People's Republic of China: Dianbo Cao, Stephen, Cheung, Dai, Xu, Lianggeng, Gong, Dan, Han, Yang, Hou, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Li, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Liu, Bin, Lu, Ming Yen Ng, Kai, Sun, Gongshun, Tang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wang, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Wu, Liming, Xia, Jiangxi, Xiao, Lei, Xu, Youyou, Yang, Yin, Wu, Jianqun, Yu, Yuan, Li, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhang, Li Zhu Peru: Ana Alfaro Philippines: Paz Abrihan, Asela, Barroso, Eric, Cruz, Marie Rhiamar Gomez, Vincent Peter Magboo, John Michael Medina, Jerry, Obaldo, Davidson, Pastrana, Christian Michael Pawhay, Alvin, Quinon, Jeanelle Margareth Tang, Bettina, Tecson, Kristine Joy Uson, Mila Uy Poland: Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Jolanta Kunikowska Portugal: Nuno Bettencourt, Guilhermina, Cantinho, Antonio Ferreira Qatar: Ghulam Syed Republic of Ireland: Samer Arnous, Said, Atyani, Angela, Byrne, Tadhg, Gleeson, David, Kerins, Conor, Meehan, David, Murphy, Mark, Murphy, John, Murray, Julie O'Brien Republic of Korea: Ji-In Bang, Henry, Bom, Sang-Geon, Cho, Chae Moon Hong, Su Jin Jang, Yong Hyu Jeong, Won Jun Kang, Ji-Young, Kim, Jaetae, Lee, Chang Kyeong Namgung, Young, So, Kyoung Sook Won Republic of North Macedonia: Venjamin Majstorov, Marija Vavlukis Republic of Slovenia: Barbara Gužic Salobir, Monika Štalc Romania: Theodora Benedek, Imre, Benedek, Raluca, Mititelu, Claudiu Adrian Stan Russian Federation: Alexey Ansheles, Olga, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Nina, Gagarina, Vsevolod Milyevich Gulyaev, Irina, Itskovich, Anatoly, Karalkin, Alexander, Kokov, Ekaterina, Migunova, Viktor, Pospelov, Daria, Ryzhkova, Guzaliya, Saifullina, Svetlana, Sazonova, Vladimir, Sergienko, Irina, Shurupova, Tatjana, Trifonova, Wladimir Yurievich Ussov, Margarita, Vakhromeeva, Nailya, Valiullina, Konstantin, Zavadovsky, Kirill Zhuravlev Saudi Arabia: Mirvat Alasnag, Subhani Okarvi Serbia: Dragana Sobic Saranovic Singapore: Felix Keng, Jia Hao Jason See, Ramkumar, Sekar, Min Sen Yew Slovak Republic: Andrej Vondrak South Africa: Shereen Bejai, George, Bennie, Ria, Bester, Gerrit, Engelbrecht, Osayande, Evbuomwan, Harlem, Gongxeka, Magritha Jv Vuuren, Mitchell, Kaplan, Purbhoo, Khushica, Hoosen, Lakhi, Lizette, Louw, Nico, Malan, Katarina, Milos, Moshe, Modiselle, Stuart, More, Mathava, Naidoo, Leonie, Scholtz, Mboyo Vangu Spain: Santiago Aguadé-Bruix, Isabel, Blanco, Antonio, Cabrera, Alicia, Camarero, Irene, Casáns-Tormo, Hug, Cuellar-Calabria, Albert, Flotats, Maria Eugenia Fuentes Cañamero, María Elia García, Amelia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Rubén, Leta, Javier Lopez Diaz, Luis, Lumbreras, Juan Javier Marquez-Cabeza, Francisco, Martin, Anxo Martinez de Alegria, Francisco, Medina, Maria Pedrera Canal, Virginia, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Juan Ignacio Rayo Madrid, Cristina Rodríguez Rey, Ricardo Ruano Perez, Joaquín, Ruiz, Gertrudis Sabatel Hernández, Ana, Sevilla, Nahla Zeidán Sri Lanka: Damayanthi Nanayakkara, Chandraguptha Udugama Sweden: Magnus Simonsson Switzerland: Hatem Alkadhi, Ronny Ralf Buechel, Peter, Burger, Luca, Ceriani, Bart De Boeck, Christoph, Gräni, Alix Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Kamani, Christel H., Nadine, Kawel-Boehm, Robert, Manka, Prior, John O., Axel, Rominger, Jean-Paul Vallée Thailand: Benjapa Khiewvan, Teerapon, Premprabha, Tanyaluck Thientunyakit Tunisia: Ali Sellem Turkey: Kemal Metin Kir, Haluk Sayman Uganda: Mugisha Julius Sebikali, Zerida Muyinda Ukraine: Yaroslav Kmetyuk, Pavlo, Korol, Olena, Mykhalchenko, Volodymyr, Pliatsek, Maryna Satyr United Arab Emirates: Batool Albalooshi, Mohamed Ismail Ahmed Hassan United Kingdom: Jill Anderson, Punit, Bedi, Thomas, Biggans, Anda, Bularga, Russell, Bull, Rajesh, Burgul, John-Paul, Carpenter, Duncan, Coles, David, Cusack, Aparna, Deshpande, John, Dougan, Timothy, Fairbairn, Alexia, Farrugia, Deepa, Gopalan, Alistair, Gummow, Prasad Guntur Ramkumar, Mark, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Thomas, Hartley, Benjamin, Hudson, Nikhil, Joshi, Michael, Kay, Andrew, Kelion, Azhar, Khokhar, Jamie, Kitt, Ken, Lee, Chen, Low, Sze Mun Mak, Ntouskou, Marousa, Jon, Martin, Elisa, Mcalindon, Leon, Menezes, Gareth, Morgan-Hughes, Alastair, Moss, Anthony, Murray, Edward, Nicol, Dilip, Patel, Charles, Peebles, Francesca, Pugliese, Jonathan Carl Luis Rodrigues, Christopher, Rofe, Nikant, Sabharwal, Rebecca, Schofield, Thomas, Semple, Naveen, Sharma, Peter, Strouhal, Deepak, Subedi, William, Topping, Katharine, Tweed, Jonathan Weir-Mccall United States of America: Suhny Abbara, Taimur, Abbasi, Brian, Abbott, Shady, Abohashem, Sandra, Abramson, Tarek, Al-Abboud, Mouaz, Al-Mallah, Omar, Almousalli, Karthikeyan, Ananthasubramaniam, Mohan Ashok Kumar, Jeffrey, Askew, Lea, Attanasio, Mallory, Balmer-Swain, Bayer, Richard R., Adam, Bernheim, Sabha, Bhatti, Erik, Bieging, Ron, Blankstein, Stephen, Bloom, Sean, Blue, David, Bluemke, Andressa, Borges, Kelley, Branch, Paco, Bravo, Jessica, Brothers, Matthew, Budoff, Renée, Bullock-Palmer, Angela, Burandt, Burke, Floyd W., Kelvin, Bush, Candace, Candela, Elizabeth, Capasso, Joao, Cavalcante, Donald, Chang, Saurav, Chatterjee, Yiannis, Chatzizisis, Michael, Cheezum, Tiffany, Chen, Jennifer, Chen, Marcus, Chen, Andrew, Choi, James, Clarcq, Ayreen, Cordero, Matthew, Crim, Sorin, Danciu, Bruce, Decter, Nimish, Dhruva, Neil, Doherty, Rami, Doukky, Anjori, Dunbar, William, Duvall, Rachael, Edwards, Kerry, Esquitin, Husam, Farah, Emilio, Fentanes, Maros, Ferencik, Daniel, Fisher, Daniel, Fitzpatrick, Cameron, Foster, Tony, Fuisz, Michael, Gannon, Lori, Gastner, Myron, Gerson, Brian, Ghoshhajra, Alan, Goldberg, Brian, Goldner, Jorge, Gonzalez, Rosco, Gore, Sandra, Gracia-López, Fadi, Hage, Agha, Haider, Sofia, Haider, Yasmin, Hamirani, Karen, Hassen, Mallory, Hatfield, Carolyn, Hawkins, Katie, Hawthorne, Nicholas, Heath, Robert, Hendel, Phillip, Hernandez, Gregory, Hill, Stephen, Horgan, Jeff, Huffman, Lynne, Hurwitz, Ami, Iskandrian, Rajesh, Janardhanan, Christine, Jellis, Scott, Jerome, Dinesh, Kalra, Summanther, Kaviratne, Fernando, Kay, Faith, Kelly, Omar, Khalique, Mona, Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl Iii, Jacqueline, Kircher, Rachael, Kirkbride, Michael, Kontos, Anupama, Kottam, Joseph, Krepp, Jay, Layer, Steven, H Lee, Jeffrey, Leppo, John, Lesser, Steve, Leung, Howard, Lewin, Diana, Litmanovich, Yiyan, Liu, Juan, Lopez-Mattei, Kathleen, Magurany, Jeremy, Markowitz, Amanda, Marn, Stephen, E Matis, Michael, Mckenna, Tony, Mcrae, Fernando, Mendoza, Michael, Merhige, David, Min, Chanan, Moffitt, Karen, Moncher, Warren, Moore, Shamil, Morayati, Michael, Morris, Mahmud, Mossa-Basha, Zorana, Mrsic, Venkatesh, Murthy, Prashant, Nagpal, Kyle, Napier, Jagat, Narula, Katarina, Nelson, Prabhjot, Nijjar, Medhat, Osman, Purvi, Parwani, Edward, Passen, Amit, Patel, Pravin, Patil, Ryan, Paul, Lawrence, Phillips, Venkateshwar, Polsani, Rajaram, Poludasu, Brian, Pomerantz, Thomas, Porter, Ryan, Prentice, Amit, Pursnani, Mark, Rabbat, Suresh, Ramamurti, Florence, Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin, Robinson, Kim, Robles, Cesar, Rodríguez, Mark, Rorie, John, Rumberger, Raymond, Russell, Philip, Sabra, Diego, Sadler, Mary, Schemmer, Joseph Schoepf, U., Samir, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Sujata, Shanbhag, Gaurav, Sharma, Steven, Shayani, Jamshid, Shirani, Pushpa, Shivaram, Steven, Sigman, Mitch, Simon, Ahmad, Slim, David, Smith, Alexandra, Smith, Prem, Soman, Aditya, Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James, Streeter, Albert, T, Ahmed, Tawakol, Dustin, Thomas, Randall, Thompson, Tara, Torbet, Desiree, Trinidad, Shawn, Ullery, Samuel, Unzek, Seth, Uretsky, Srikanth, Vallurupalli, Vikas, Verma, Alfonso, Waller, Ellen, Wang, Parker, Ward, Gaby, Weissman, George, Wesbey, Kelly, White, David, Winchester, David, Wolinsky, Sandra, Yost, Michael Zgaljardic Uruguay: Omar Alonso, Mario, Beretta, Rodolfo, Ferrando, Miguel, Kapitan, Fernando Mut Uzbekistan: Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva Vietnam: Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, and Xuan Canh Nguyen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cardiology, Settore MED/11 - Malattie dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare, COVID-19, Cardiac imaging, Cardiovascular disease, Article, cardiac imaging, Healthcare delivery, cardiovascular disease, Intensive care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health care, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, Pandemics, Protocol (science), business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Non invasive, Italy, humans, pandemics, surveys and questionnaires, cardiology, Emergency medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background: In early 2020, COVID-19 massively hit Italy, earlier and harder than any other European country. This caused a series of strict containment measures, aimed at blocking the spread of the pandemic. Healthcare delivery was also affected when resources were diverted towards care of COVID-19 patients, including intensive care wards. Aim of the study: The aim is assessing the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac imaging in Italy, compare to the Rest of Europe (RoE) and the World (RoW). Methods: A global survey was conducted in May–June 2020 worldwide, through a questionnaire distributed online. The survey covered three periods: March and April 2020, and March 2019. Data from 52 Italian centres, a subset of the 909 participating centres from 108 countries, were analyzed. Results: In Italy, volumes decreased by 67% in March 2020, compared to March 2019, as opposed to a significantly lower decrease (p < 0.001) in RoE and RoW (41% and 40%, respectively). A further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 summed up to 76% for the North, 77% for the Centre and 86% for the South. When compared to the RoE and RoW, this further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 in Italy was significantly less (p = 0.005), most likely reflecting the earlier effects of the containment measures in Italy, taken earlier than anywhere else in the West. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic massively hit Italy and caused a disruption of healthcare services, including cardiac imaging studies. This raises concern about the medium- and long-term consequences for the high number of patients who were denied timely diagnoses and the subsequent lifesaving therapies and procedures.
Published: 2021
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23. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Testing in Asia

Author: Takashi Kudo, Ryan Lahey, Cole B. Hirschfeld, Michelle C. Williams, Bin Lu, Mirvat Alasnag, Mona Bhatia, Hee-Seung Henry Bom, Tairkhan Dautov, Reza Fazel, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Felix Y.J. Keng, Ronen Rubinshtein, Nathan Better, Rodrigo Julio Cerci, Sharmila Dorbala, Paolo Raggi, Leslee J. Shaw, Todd C. Villines, João V. Vitola, Andrew D. Choi, Eli Malkovskiy, Benjamin Goebel, Yosef A. Cohen, Michael Randazzo, Thomas N.B. Pascual, Yaroslav Pynda, Maurizio Dondi, Diana Paez, Andrew J. Einstein, Rodrigo Cerci, Joao V. Vitola, Gerd Hinterleitner, Yao Lu, Olga Morozova, Zhuoran Xu, Yosef Cohen, Andrew Choi, Juan Lopez-Mattei, Purvi Parwani, Mohammad Nawaz Nasery, Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka, Rabie Benlabgaa, Salah Bouyoucef, Abdelkader Medjahedi, Qais Nailli, Mariela Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo Arroñada, Andrea Astesiano, Alfredo Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo Benteo, Juan Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul Cabrejas, Jorge Cachero, Roxana Campisi, Alejandro Canderoli, Silvia Carames, Patrícia Carrascosa, Ricardo Castro, Oscar Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos Collaud, Claudia Cortes, Javier Courtis, Daniel Cragnolino, Mariana Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando Dettori, Alejandro Deviggiano, Laura Dragonetti, Mario Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge Ensinas, Fernando Faccio, Adolfo Facello, Diego Garofalo, Ricardo Geronazzo, Natalia Gonza, Lucas Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor Hasbani, Melina Huerin, Victor Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves A. López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra Marquez, Osvaldo Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio Masoli, Edgardo Mastrovito, Matias Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana Molteni, Marcos Montecinos, Eduardo Noguera, Carlos Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro Radzinschi, Gustavo Raimondi, Marcela Redruello, Marina Rodríguez, Matías Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia Solari, Bruno Strada, Sonia Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan Wolcan, Susana Zeffiro, Mari Sakanyan, Scott Beuzeville, Raef Boktor, Patrick Butler, Jennifer Calcott, Loretta Carr, Virgil Chan, Charles Chao, Woon Chong, Mark Dobson, D'Arne Downie, Girish Dwivedi, Barry Elison, Jean Engela, Roslyn Francis, Anand Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce Goodwin, Robert Greenough, Christian Hamilton-Craig, Victar Hsieh, Subodh Joshi, Karin Lederer, Kenneth Lee, Joseph Lee, John Magnussen, Nghi Mai, Gordon Mander, Fiona Murton, Dee Nandurkar, Johanne Neill, Edward O'Rourke, Patricia O'Sullivan, George Pandos, Kunthi Pathmaraj, Alexander Pitman, Rohan Poulter, Manuja Premaratne, David Prior, Lloyd Ridley, Natalie Rutherford, Hamid Salehi, Connor Saunders, Luke Scarlett, Sujith Seneviratne, Deepa Shetty, Ganesh Shrestha, Jonathan Shulman, Vijay Solanki, Tony Stanton, Murch Stuart, Michael Stubbs, Ian Swainson, Kim Taubman, Andrew Taylor, Paul Thomas, Steven Unger, Anthony Upton, Shankar Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan Verjans, Demetrius Voutnis, Victor Wayne, Peter Wilson, David Wong, Kirby Wong, John Younger, Gudrun Feuchtner, Siroos Mirzaei, Konrad Weiss, Natallia Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Olivier Gheysens, Filip Homans, Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes, Agnès Pasquet, Veronique Roelants, Caroline M. Van De Heyning, Raúl Araujo Ríos, Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Sinisa Stankovic, Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana Andrade, Carlos Anselmi, Roberta Araújo, Guilherme Azevedo, Sabbrina Bezerra, Rodrigo Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara Carreira, Bruno Castro, Tien Chang, Fernando Cunali, Roberto Cury, Roberto Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda Erthal, Fabio Fernandes, Juliano Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno Ghini, Luiz Goncalves, Ilan Gottlieb, Marcelo Hadlich, Vinícius Kameoka, Ronaldo Lima, Adna Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado e Silva, Tiago Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania Naue, Danilo Naves, Roberto Nolasco, Cesar Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim Pinto, Priscila Possetti, Mayra Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo Rocha, Alfredo Rodrigues, Carlos Rodrigues, Leila Romantini, Adelina Sanches, Sara Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago Senra, Afonso Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano Siqueira, Paola Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge Torreao, Rafael Torres, Marly Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli, Hamid Naseer, Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena Kostadinova, Youdaline Theng, Gad Abikhzer, Rene Barette, Benjamin Chow, Dominique Dabreo, Matthias Friedrich, Ria Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris Johnson, Marla Kiess, Jonathon Leipsic, Eugene Leung, Robert Miller, Anastasia Oikonomou, Stephan Probst, Idan Roifman, Gary Small, Vikas Tandon, Adwait Trivedi, James White, Katherine Zukotynski, Jose Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen Concha, Pablo Hidalgo, Cesar Lovera, Teresa Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas, Pedro Abad, Harold Arturo, Sandra Ayala, Luis Benitez, Alberto Cadena, Carlos Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon Gomez, Claudia T. Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia Jaimes, Juan Londoño, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz Pabon, Mauricio Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres Vasquez, Damiana Vergel, Alejandro Zuluaga, Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel Castro, Ulises González, Ana Baric, Tonci Batinic, Maja Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen Jukic, Petar Medakovic, Viktor Persic, Marina Prpic, Ante Punda, Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner Menéndez, Amalia Peix, Luis Rochela, Christoforos Panagidis, Ioannis Petrou, Vaclav Engelmann, Milan Kaminek, Vladimír Kincl, Otto Lang, Milan Simanek, Jawdat Abdulla, Morten Bøttcher, Mette Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip Hasbak, Søren Hess, Paw Holdgaard, Allan Johansen, Kasper Kyhl, Bjarne Linde Norgaard, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf Steffensen, Anders Thomassen, Bo Zerahn, Alfredo Perez, Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez, Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen Abougabal, Taghreed Ahmed, Adel Allam, Ahmed Asfour, Mona Hassan, Alia Hassan, Ahmed Ibrahim, Sameh Kaffas, Ahmed Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad Mansy, Hany Maurice, Sherif Nabil, Mahmoud Shaaban, Ana Camila Flores, Anne Poksi, Juhani Knuuti, Velipekka Kokkonen, Martti Larikka, Valtteri Uusitalo, Matthieu Bailly, Samuel Burg, Jean-François Deux, Vincent Habouzit, Fabien Hyafil, Olivier Lairez, Franck Proffit, Hamza Regaieg, Laure Sarda-Mantel, Vania Tacher, Roman P. Schneider, Harold Ayetey, George Angelidis, Aikaterini Archontaki, Sofia Chatziioannou, Ioannis Datseris, Christina Fragkaki, Panagiotis Georgoulias, Sophia Koukouraki, Maria Koutelou, Eleni Kyrozi, Evangelos Repasos, Petros Stavrou, Pipitsa Valsamaki, Carla Gonzalez, Goleat Gutierrez, Alejandro Maldonado, Klara Buga, Ildiko Garai, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Erzsébet Schmidt, Balint Szilveszter, Edit Várady, Nilesh Banthia, Jinendra Kumar Bhagat, Rishi Bhargava, Vivek Bhat, Partha Choudhury, Vijay Sai Chowdekar, Aparna Irodi, Shashank Jain, Elizabeth Joseph, Sukriti Kumar, Prof Dr Girijanandan Mahapatra, Deepanjan Mitra, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Ahmad Ozair, Chetan Patel, Tapan Patel, Ravi Patel, Shivani Patel, Sudhir Saxena, Shantanu Sengupta, Santosh Singh, Bhanupriya Singh, Ashwani Sood, Atul Verma, Erwin Affandi, Padma Savenadia Alam, Edison Edison, Gani Gunawan, Habusari Hapkido, Basuki Hidayat, Aulia Huda, Anggoro Praja Mukti, Djoko Prawiro, Erwin Affandi Soeriadi, Hilman Syawaluddin, Amjed Albadr, Majid Assadi, Farshad Emami, Golnaz Houshmand, Majid Maleki, Maryam Tajik Rostami, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi, Eed Abu Zaid, Svetlana Agranovich, Yoav Arnson, Rachel Bar-Shalom, Alex Frenkel, Galit Knafo, Rachel Lugassi, Israel Shlomo Maor Moalem, Maya Mor, Noam Muskal, Sara Ranser, Aryeh Shalev, Domenico Albano, Pierpaolo Alongi, Gaspare Arnone, Elisa Bagatin, Sergio Baldari, Matteo Bauckneht, Paolo Bertelli, Francesco Bianco, Rachele Bonfiglioli, Roberto Boni, Andrea Bruno, Isabella Bruno, Elena Busnardo, Elena Califaretti, Luca Camoni, Aldo Carnevale, Roberta Casoni, Armando Ugo Cavallo, Giorgio Cavenaghi, Franca Chierichetti, Marcello Chiocchi, Corrado Cittanti, Mauro Colletta, Umberto Conti, Alberto Cossu, Alberto Cuocolo, Marco Cuzzocrea, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Eleonora Del Giudice, Alberico Del Torto, Veronica Della Tommasina, Rexhep Durmo, Paola Anna Erba, Laura Evangelista, Riccardo Faletti, Evelina Faragasso, Mohsen Farsad, Paola Ferro, Luigia Florimonte, Viviana Frantellizzi, Fabio Massimo Fringuelli, Marco Gatti, Angela Gaudiano, Alessia Gimelli, Raffaele Giubbini, Francesca Giuffrida, Salvatore Ialuna, Riccardo Laudicella, Lucia Leccisotti, Lucia Leva, Riccardo Liga, Carlo Liguori, Giampiero Longo, Margherita Maffione, Maria Elisabetta Mancini, Claudio Marcassa, Elisa Milan, Barbara Nardi, Sara Pacella, Giovanna Pepe, Gianluca Pontone, Sabina Pulizzi, Natale Quartuccio, Lucia Rampin, Fabrizio Ricci, Pierluigi Rossini, Giuseppe Rubini, Vincenzo Russo, Gian Mauro Sacchetti, Gianmario Sambuceti, Massimo Scarano, Roberto Sciagrà, Massimiliano Sperandio, Antonella Stefanelli, Guido Ventroni, Stefania Zoboli, Dainia Baugh, Duane Chambers, Ernest Madu, Felix Nunura, Hiroshi Asano, Chimura Misato Chimura, Shinichiro Fujimoto, Koichiro Fujisue, Tomohisa Fukunaga, Yoshimitsu Fukushima, Kae Fukuyama, Jun Hashimoto, Yasutaka Ichikawa, Nobuo Iguchi, Masamichi Imai, Anri Inaki, Hayato Ishimura, Satoshi Isobe, Toshiaki Kadokami, Takao Kato, Shinichiro Kumita, Hirotaka Maruno, Hiroyuki Mataki, Masao Miyagawa, Ryota Morimoto, Masao Moroi, Shigeki Nagamachi, Kenichi Nakajima, Tomoaki Nakata, Ryo Nakazato, Mamoru Nanasato, Masanao Naya, Takashi Norikane, Yasutoshi Ohta, Satoshi Okayama, Atsutaka Okizaki, Yoichi Otomi, Hideki Otsuka, Masaki Saito, Sakata Yasushi Sakata, Masayoshi Sarai, Daisuke Sato, Shinya Shiraishi, Yoshinobu Suwa, Kentaro Takanami, Kazuya Takehana, Junichi Taki, Nagara Tamaki, Yasuyo Taniguchi, Hiroki Teragawa, Nobuo Tomizawa, Kenichi Tsujita, Kyoko Umeji, Yasushi Wakabayashi, Shinichiro Yamada, Shinya Yamazaki, Tatsuya Yoneyama, Mohammad Rawashdeh, Daultai Batyrkhanov, Khalid Makhdomi, Kevin Ombati, Faridah Alkandari, Masoud Garashi, Tchoyoson Lim Coie, Sonexay Rajvong, Artem Kalinin, Marika Kalnina, Mohamad Haidar, Renata Komiagiene, Giedre Kviecinskiene, Mindaugas Mataciunas, Donatas Vajauskas, Christian Picard, Noor Khairiah A. Karim, Luise Reichmuth, Anthony Samuel, Mohammad Aaftaab Allarakha, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee, Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Erika Barragan, Alejandro Becerril González-Montecinos, Manuel Cabada, Daniel Calderon Rodriguez, Isabel Carvajal-Juarez, Violeta Cortés, Filiberto Cortés, Erasmo De La Peña, Manlio Gama-Moreno, Luis González, Nelsy Gonzalez Ramírez, Moisés Jiménez-Santos, Luis Matos, Edgar Monroy, Martha Morelos, Mario Ornelas, Jose Alberto Ortga Ramirez, Andrés Preciado-Anaya, Óscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente Barragan, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sigelinda Sandoval, Miguel Santaularia Tomas, Lilia M. 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Bayer, Adam Bernheim, Sabha Bhatti, Erik Bieging, Ron Blankstein, Stephen Bloom, Sean Blue, David Bluemke, Andressa Borges, Kelley Branch, Paco Bravo, Jessica Brothers, Matthew Budoff, Renée Bullock-Palmer, Angela Burandt, Floyd W. Burke, Kelvin Bush, Candace Candela, Elizabeth Capasso, Joao Cavalcante, Donald Chang, Saurav Chatterjee, Yiannis Chatzizisis, Michael Cheezum, Tiffany Chen, Jennifer Chen, Marcus Chen, James Clarcq, Ayreen Cordero, Matthew Crim, Sorin Danciu, Bruce Decter, Nimish Dhruva, Neil Doherty, Rami Doukky, Anjori Dunbar, William Duvall, Rachael Edwards, Kerry Esquitin, Husam Farah, Emilio Fentanes, Maros Ferencik, Daniel Fisher, Daniel Fitzpatrick, Cameron Foster, Tony Fuisz, Michael Gannon, Lori Gastner, Myron Gerson, Brian Ghoshhajra, Alan Goldberg, Brian Goldner, Jorge Gonzalez, Rosco Gore, Sandra Gracia-López, Fadi Hage, Agha Haider, Sofia Haider, Yasmin Hamirani, Karen Hassen, Mallory Hatfield, Carolyn Hawkins, Katie Hawthorne, Nicholas Heath, Robert Hendel, Phillip Hernandez, Gregory Hill, Stephen Horgan, Jeff Huffman, Lynne Hurwitz, Ami Iskandrian, Rajesh Janardhanan, Christine Jellis, Scott Jerome, Dinesh Kalra, Summanther Kaviratne, Fernando Kay, Faith Kelly, Omar Khalique, Mona Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl Iii, Jacqueline Kircher, Rachael Kirkbride, Michael Kontos, Anupama Kottam, Joseph Krepp, Jay Layer, Steven H. Lee, Jeffrey Leppo, John Lesser, Steve Leung, Howard Lewin, Diana Litmanovich, Yiyan Liu, Kathleen Magurany, Jeremy Markowitz, Amanda Marn, Stephen E. Matis, Michael Mckenna, Tony Mcrae, Fernando Mendoza, Michael Merhige, David Min, Chanan Moffitt, Karen Moncher, Warren Moore, Shamil Morayati, Michael Morris, Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Zorana Mrsic, Venkatesh Murthy, Prashant Nagpal, Kyle Napier, Katarina Nelson, Prabhjot Nijjar, Medhat Osman, Edward Passen, Amit Patel, Pravin Patil, Ryan Paul, Lawrence Phillips, Venkateshwar Polsani, Rajaram Poludasu, Brian Pomerantz, Thomas Porter, Ryan Prentice, Amit Pursnani, Mark Rabbat, Suresh Ramamurti, Florence Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin Robinson, Kim Robles, Cesar Rodríguez, Mark Rorie, John Rumberger, Raymond Russell, Philip Sabra, Diego Sadler, Mary Schemmer, U. Joseph Schoepf, Samir Shah, Nishant Shah, Sujata Shanbhag, Gaurav Sharma, Steven Shayani, Jamshid Shirani, Pushpa Shivaram, Steven Sigman, Mitch Simon, Ahmad Slim, David Smith, Alexandra Smith, Prem Soman, Aditya Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James Streeter, Albert T, Ahmed Tawakol, Dustin Thomas, Randall Thompson, Tara Torbet, Desiree Trinidad, Shawn Ullery, Samuel Unzek, Seth Uretsky, Srikanth Vallurupalli, Vikas Verma, Alfonso Waller, Ellen Wang, Parker Ward, Gaby Weissman, George Wesbey, Kelly White, David Winchester, David Wolinsky, Sandra Yost, Michael Zgaljardic, Omar Alonso, Mario Beretta, Rodolfo Ferrando, Miguel Kapitan, Fernando Mut, Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva, Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, Xuan Canh Nguyen, Kudo, T, Lahey, R, Hirschfeld, C, Williams, M, Lu, B, Alasnag, M, Bhatia, M, Henry Bom, H, Dautov, T, Fazel, R, Karthikeyan, G, Keng, F, Rubinshtein, R, Better, N, Cerci, R, Dorbala, S, Raggi, P, Shaw, L, Villines, T, Vitola, J, Choi, A, Malkovskiy, E, 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Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Heart disease, business.industry, cardiac testing, coronavirus, COVID-19, global health, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, coronaviru, cardiovascular disease, RC666-701, Emergency medicine, Pandemic, medicine, Global health, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, business, Coronavirus
Abstract: Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected management of cardiovascular disease around the world. The effect of the pandemic on volume of cardiovascular diagnostic procedures is not known. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diagnostic procedures and safety practices in Asia. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey to assess changes in cardiovascular procedure volume and safety practices caused by COVID-19. Testing volumes were reported for March 2020 and April 2020 and were compared to those from March 2019. Data from 180 centers across 33 Asian countries were grouped into 4 subregions for comparison. Results: Procedure volumes decreased by 47% from March 2019 to March 2020, showing recovery from March 2020 to April 2020 in Eastern Asia, particularly in China. The majority of centers cancelled outpatient activities and increased time per study. Practice changes included implementing physical distancing and restricting visitors. Although COVID testing was not commonly performed, it was conducted in one-third of facilities in Eastern Asia. The most severe reductions in procedure volumes were observed in lower-income countries, where volumes decreased 81% from March 2019 to April 2020. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic in Asia caused significant reductions in cardiovascular diagnostic procedures, particularly in low-income countries. Further studies on effects of COVID-19 on cardiovascular outcomes and changes in care delivery are warranted.
Published: 2021

24. Impact of COVID-19 on Diagnostic Cardiac Procedural Volume in Oceania: The IAEA Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Author: O'Sullivan, P., Younger, J., Van Pelt, N., O'Malley, S., Lenturut-Katal, D., Hirschfeld, C. B., Vitola, J. V., Cerci, R., Williams, M. C., Shaw, L. J., Raggi, P., Villines, T. C., Dorbala, S., Choi, A. D., Cohen, Y., Goebel, B., Malkovskiy, E., Randazzo, M., Pascual, T. N. B., Pynda, Y., Dondi, M., Paez, D., Einstein, A. J., Better, N., Afghanistan: Mohammad Nawaz Nasery Albania: Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka Algeria: Rabie Benlabgaa, Salah, Bouyoucef, Abdelkader, Medjahedi, Qais Nailli Argentina: Mariela Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo, Arroñada, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo, Benteo, Juan, Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul, Cabrejas, Jorge, Cachero, Roxana, Campisi, Alejandro, Canderoli, Silvia, Carames, Patrícia, Carrascosa, Ricardo, Castro, Oscar, Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos, Collaud, Claudia, Cortes, Javier, Courtis, Daniel, Cragnolino, Mariana, Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando, Dettori, Alejandro, Deviggiano, Laura, Dragonetti, Mario, Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge, Ensinas, Fernando, Faccio, Adolfo, Facello, Diego, Garofalo, Ricardo, Geronazzo, Natalia, Gonza, Lucas, Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor, Hasbani, Melina, Huerin, Victor, Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves, A López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra, Marquez, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio Masoli, Edgardo, Mastrovito, Matias, Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal, Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana, Molteni, Marcos, Montecinos, Eduardo, Noguera, Carlos, Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo, Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro, Radzinschi, Gustavo, Raimondi, Marcela, Redruello, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico, Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia, Solari, Bruno, Strada, Sonia, Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan, Wolcan, Susana Zeffiro Armenia: Mari Sakanyan Australia: Scott Beuzeville, Raef, Boktor, Patrick, Butler, Jennifer, Calcott, Loretta, Carr, Virgil, Chan, Charles, Chao, Woon, Chong, Mark, Dobson, D'Arne, Downie, Girish, Dwivedi, 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Maroz-Vadalazhskaya Belgium: Olivier Gheysens, Filip, Homans, Rodrigo, Moreno-Reyes, Agnès, Pasquet, Veronique, Roelants, Van De Heyning Bolivia: Raúl Araujo Ríos Bosnia - Herzegovina: Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Caroline M., Sinisa Stankovic Brazil: Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto, Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana, Andrade, Carlos, Anselmi, Roberta, Araújo, Guilherme, Azevedo, Sabbrina, Bezerra, Rodrigo, Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone, Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara, Carreira, Bruno, Castro, Tien, Chang, Fernando Cunali, Jr., Roberto, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda, Erthal, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno, Ghini, Luiz, Goncalves, Ilan, Gottlieb, Marcelo, Hadlich, Vinícius, Kameoka, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado, e Silva, Tiago, Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio, Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania, Naue, Danilo, Naves, Roberto, Nolasco, Cesar, Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo, Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim, Pinto, Priscila, Possetti, Mayra, Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo, Rocha, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Rodrigues, Leila, Romantini, Adelina, Sanches, Sara, Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo, Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago, Senra, Afonso, Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano, Siqueira, Paola, Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo, Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge, Torreao, Rafael, Torres, Marly, Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia, Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto, Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli Brunei Darussalam: Hamid Naseer Bulgaria: Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena Kostadinova Cambodia: Youdaline Theng Canada: Gad Abikhzer, Rene, Barette, Benjamin, Chow, Dominique, Dabreo, Matthias, Friedrich, Ria, Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris, Johnson, Marla, Kiess, Jonathon, Leipsic, Eugene, Leung, Robert, Miller, Anastasia, Oikonomou, Stephan, Probst, Idan, Roifman, Gary, Small, Vikas, Tandon, Adwait, Trivedi, James, White, Katherine Zukotynski Chile: Jose Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen, Concha, Pablo, Hidalgo, Cesar, Lovera, Teresa, Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas Colombia: Pedro Abad, Harold, Arturo, Sandra, Ayala, Luis, Benitez, Alberto, Cadena, Carlos, Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon, Gomez, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Claudia, Jaimes, Juan, Londoño, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz, Pabon, Mauricio, Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego, Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres, Vasquez, Damiana, Vergel, Alejandro Zuluaga Costa Rica: Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel, Castro, Ulises, González, Croatia: Ana Baric, Tonci, Batinic, Maja, Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen, Jukic, Petar, Medakovic, Viktor, Persic, Marina, Prpic, Ante Punda Cuba: Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner, Menéndez, Amalia, Peix, Luis Rochela Cyprus: Christoforos Panagidis, Ioannis Petrou Czech Republic: Vaclav Engelmann, Milan, Kaminek, Vladimír, Kincl, Otto, Lang, Milan Simanek Denmark: Jawdat Abdulla, Morten, Bøttcher, Mette, Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip, Hasbak, Søren, Hess, Paw, Holdgaard, Allan, Johansen, Kasper, Kyhl, Bjarne Linde Norgaard, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf, Steffensen, Anders, Thomassen, Bo Zerahn Dominican Republic: Alfredo Perez Ecuador: Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez Egypt: Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen, Abougabal, Taghreed, Ahmed, Adel, Allam, Ahmed, Asfour, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Hassan, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Sameh, Kaffas, Ahmed, Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad, Mansy, Hany, Maurice, Sherif, Nabil, Mahmoud Shaaban El Salvador: Ana Camila Flores Estonia: Anne Poksi Finland: Juhani Knuuti, Velipekka, Kokkonen, Martti, Larikka, Valtteri Uusitalo France: Matthieu Bailly, Samuel, Burg, Jean-François, Deux, Vincent, Habouzit, Fabien, Hyafil, Olivier, Lairez, Franck, Proffit, Hamza, Regaieg, Laure, Sarda-Mantel, Schneider Ghana: Harold Ayetey Greece: George Angelidis, Vania Tacher Germany: Roman P., Aikaterini, Archontaki, Sofia, Chatziioannou, Ioannis, Datseris, Christina, Fragkaki, Panagiotis, Georgoulias, Sophia, Koukouraki, Maria, Koutelou, Eleni, Kyrozi, Evangelos, Repasos, Petros, Stavrou, Pipitsa Valsamaki Guatemala: Carla Gonzalez, Goleat Gutierrez Honduras: Alejandro Maldonado Hungary: Klara Buga, Ildiko, Garai, Pál, Maurovich-Horvat, Erzsébet, Schmidt, Balint, Szilveszter, Edit Várady India: Nilesh Banthia, Jinendra Kumar Bhagat, Rishi, Bhargava, Vivek, Bhat, Mona, Bhatia, Partha, Choudhury, Vijay Sai Chowdekar, Aparna, Irodi, Shashank, Jain, Elizabeth, Joseph, Sukriti, Kumar, Prof Dr Girijanandan Mahapatra, Deepanjan, Mitra, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Ahmad, Ozair, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Shivani, Patel, Sudhir, Saxena, Shantanu, Sengupta, Santosh, Singh, Bhanupriya, Singh, Ashwani, Sood, Atul Verma Indonesia: Erwin Affandi, Padma Savenadia Alam, Edison, Edison, Gani, Gunawan, Habusari, Hapkido, Basuki, Hidayat, Aulia, Huda, Anggoro Praja Mukti, Djoko, Prawiro, Erwin Affandi Soeriadi, Hilman Syawaluddin Iraq: Amjed Albadr Islamic Republic of Iran: Majid Assadi, Farshad, Emami, Golnaz, Houshmand, Majid, Maleki, Maryam Tajik Rostami, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi Israel: Eed Abu Zaid, Svetlana, Agranovich, Yoav, Arnson, Rachel, Bar-Shalom, Alex, Frenkel, Galit, Knafo, Rachel, Lugassi, Israel Shlomo Maor Moalem, Maya, Mor, Noam, Muskal, Sara, Ranser, Aryeh Shalev Italy: Domenico Albano, Pierpaolo, Alongi, Gaspare, Arnone, Elisa, Bagatin, Sergio, Baldari, Matteo, Bauckneht, Paolo, Bertelli, Francesco, Bianco, Rachele, Bonfiglioli, Roberto, Boni, Andrea, Bruno, Isabella, Bruno, Elena, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Luca, Camoni, Aldo, Carnevale, Roberta, Casoni, Armando Ugo Cavallo, Giorgio, Cavenaghi, Franca, Chierichetti, Marcello, Chiocchi, Corrado, Cittanti, Mauro, Colletta, Umberto, Conti, Alberto, Cossu, Alberto, Cuocolo, Marco, Cuzzocrea, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Eleonora Del Giudice, Alberico Del Torto, Veronica Della Tommasina, Rexhep, Durmo, Erba, PAOLA ANNA, Laura, Evangelista, Riccardo, Faletti, Evelina, Faragasso, Mohsen, Farsad, Paola, Ferro, Luigia, Florimonte, Viviana, Frantellizzi, Fabio Massimo Fringuelli, Marco, Gatti, Angela, Gaudiano, Alessia, Gimelli, Raffaele, Giubbini, Francesca, Giuffrida, Salvatore, Ialuna, Riccardo, Laudicella, Lucia, Leccisotti, Lucia, Leva, Liga, Riccardo, Carlo, Liguori, Giampiero, Longo, Margherita, Maffione, Maria Elisabetta Mancini, Claudio, Marcassa, Elisa, Milan, Barbara, Nardi, Sara, Pacella, Giovanna, Pepe, Gianluca, Pontone, Sabina, Pulizzi, Natale, Quartuccio, Lucia, Rampin, Fabrizio, Ricci, Pierluigi, Rossini, Giuseppe, Rubini, Vincenzo, Russo, Gian Mauro Sacchetti, Gianmario, Sambuceti, Massimo, Scarano, Roberto, Sciagrà, Massimiliano, Sperandio, Antonella, Stefanelli, Guido, Ventroni, Stefania Zoboli Jamaica: Dainia Baugh, Duane, Chambers, Ernest, Madu, Felix Nunura Japan: Hiroshi Asano, Chimura Misato Chimura, Shinichiro, Fujimoto, Koichiro, Fujisue, Tomohisa, Fukunaga, Yoshimitsu, Fukushima, Kae, Fukuyama, Jun, Hashimoto, Yasutaka, Ichikawa, Nobuo, Iguchi, Masamichi, Imai, Anri, Inaki, Hayato, Ishimura, Satoshi, Isobe, Toshiaki, Kadokami, Takao, Kato, Takashi, Kudo, Shinichiro, Kumita, Hirotaka, Maruno, Hiroyuki, Mataki, Masao, Miyagawa, Ryota, Morimoto, Masao, Moroi, Shigeki, Nagamachi, Kenichi, Nakajima, Tomoaki, Nakata, Ryo, Nakazato, Mamoru, Nanasato, Masanao, Naya, Takashi, Norikane, Yasutoshi, Ohta, Satoshi, Okayama, Atsutaka, Okizaki, Yoichi, Otomi, Hideki, Otsuka, Masaki, Saito, Sakata Yasushi Sakata, Masayoshi, Sarai, Daisuke, Sato, Shinya, Shiraishi, Yoshinobu, Suwa, Kentaro, Takanami, Kazuya, Takehana, Junichi, Taki, Nagara, Tamaki, Yasuyo, Taniguchi, Hiroki, Teragawa, Nobuo, Tomizawa, Kenichi, Tsujita, Kyoko, Umeji, Yasushi, Wakabayashi, Shinichiro, Yamada, Shinya, Yamazaki, Tatsuya Yoneyama Jordan: Mohammad Rawashdeh Kazakhstan: Daultai Batyrkhanov, Tairkhan Dautov Kenya: Khalid Makhdomi, Kevin Ombati Kuwait: Faridah Alkandari, Masoud Garashi Lao People's Democratic Republic: Tchoyoson Lim Coie, Sonexay Rajvong Latvia: Artem Kalinin, Marika Kalnina Lebanon: Mohamad Haidar Lithuania: Renata Komiagiene, Giedre, Kviecinskiene, Mindaugas, Mataciunas, Karim Malta: Luise Reichmuth, Donatas Vajauskas Luxembourg: Christian Picard Malaysia: Noor Khairiah A., Anthony Samuel Mauritius: Mohammad Aaftaab Allarakha, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee Mexico: Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Erika, Barragan, Alejandro Becerril González-Montecinos, Manuel, Cabada, Daniel Calderon Rodriguez, Isabel, Carvajal-Juarez, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, Cortés, Erasmo De La Peña, Manlio, Gama-Moreno, Luis, González, Nelsy Gonzalez Ramírez, Moisés, Jiménez-Santos, Luis, Matos, Edgar, Monroy, Martha, Morelos, Mario, Ornelas, Jose Alberto Ortga Ramirez, Andrés, Preciado-Anaya, Óscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente Barragan, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sigelinda, Sandoval, Miguel Santaularia Tomas, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Silvia, Siu, Enrique, Vallejo, Mario Valles Monaco: Marc Faraggi Mongolia: Erdenechimeg Sereegotov Montenegro: Srdja Ilic Morocco: Nozha Ben-Rais, Nadia Ismaili Alaoui, Sara Taleb Myanmar: Khin Pa Pa Myo, Phyo Si Thu Nepal: Ram Kumar Ghimire, Bijoy Rajbanshi Netherlands: Peter Barneveld, Andor, Glaudemans, Jesse, Habets, Klaas Pieter Koopmans, Jeroen, Manders, Stefan, Pool, Arthur, Scholte, Asbjørn, Scholtens, Riemer, Slart, Paul, Thimister, Erik-Jan Van Asperen, Niels, Veltman, Derk, Verschure, Nils Wagenaar New Zealand: John Edmond, Chris, Ellis, Kerryanne, Johnson, Ross, Keenan, Shaw Hua (Anthony) Kueh, Christopher, Occleshaw, Alexander, Sasse, Andrew, To, Niels Van Pelt, Calum Young Nicaragua: Teresa Cuadra, Hector Bladimir Roque Vanegas Niger: Idrissa Adamou Soli, Djibrillou Moussa Issoufou Nigeria: Tolulope Ayodele, Chibuzo, Madu, Yetunde Onimode Norway: Elen Efros-Monsen, Signe Helene Forsdahl, Jenni-Mari Hildre Dimmen, Arve, Jørgensen, Isabel, Krohn, Pål, Løvhaugen, Anders Tjellaug Bråten Oman: Humoud Al Dhuhli, Faiza Al Kindi, Naeema, Al-Bulushi, Zabah, Jawa, Naima Tag Pakistan: Muhammad Shehzad Afzal, Shazia, Fatima, Muhammad Numair Younis, Musab, Riaz, Mohammad Saadullah Panama: Yariela Herrera Papua New Guinea: Dora Lenturut-Katal Paraguay: Manuel Castillo Vázquez, José Ortellado People's Republic of Bangladesh: Afroza Akhter People's Republic of China: Dianbo Cao, Stephen, Cheung, Dai, Xu, Lianggeng, Gong, Dan, Han, Yang, Hou, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Li, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Liu, Bin, Lu, Ming Yen Ng, Kai, Sun, Gongshun, Tang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wang, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Wu, Liming, Xia, Jiangxi, Xiao, Lei, Xu, Youyou, Yang, Yin, Wu, Jianqun, Yu, Yuan, Li, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhang, Li Zhu Peru: Ana Alfaro Philippines: Paz Abrihan, Asela, Barroso, Eric, Cruz, Marie Rhiamar Gomez, Vincent Peter Magboo, John Michael Medina, Jerry, Obaldo, Davidson, Pastrana, Christian Michael Pawhay, Alvin, Quinon, Jeanelle Margareth Tang, Bettina, Tecson, Kristine Joy Uson, Mila Uy Poland: Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Jolanta Kunikowska Portugal: Nuno Bettencourt, Guilhermina, Cantinho, Antonio Ferreira Qatar: Ghulam Syed Republic of Ireland: Samer Arnous, Said, Atyani, Angela, Byrne, Tadhg, Gleeson, David, Kerins, Conor, Meehan, David, Murphy, Mark, Murphy, John, Murray, Julie O'Brien Republic of Korea: Ji-In Bang, Henry, Bom, Sang-Geon, Cho, Chae Moon Hong, Su Jin Jang, Yong Hyu Jeong, Won Jun Kang, Ji-Young, Kim, Jaetae, Lee, Chang Kyeong Namgung, Young, So, Kyoung Sook Won Republic of North Macedonia: Venjamin Majstorov, Marija Vavlukis Republic of Slovenia: Barbara Gužic Salobir, Monika Štalc Romania: Theodora Benedek, Imre, Benedek, Raluca, Mititelu, Claudiu Adrian Stan Russian Federation: Alexey Ansheles, Olga, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Nina, Gagarina, Vsevolod Milyevich Gulyaev, Irina, Itskovich, Anatoly, Karalkin, Alexander, Kokov, Ekaterina, Migunova, Viktor, Pospelov, Daria, Ryzhkova, Guzaliya, Saifullina, Svetlana, Sazonova, Vladimir, Sergienko, Irina, Shurupova, Tatjana, Trifonova, Wladimir Yurievich Ussov, Margarita, Vakhromeeva, Nailya, Valiullina, Konstantin, Zavadovsky, Kirill Zhuravlev Saudi Arabia: Mirvat Alasnag, Subhani Okarvi Serbia: Dragana Sobic Saranovic Singapore: Felix Keng, Jia Hao Jason See, Ramkumar, Sekar, Min Sen Yew Slovak Republic: Andrej Vondrak South Africa: Shereen Bejai, George, Bennie, Ria, Bester, Gerrit, Engelbrecht, Osayande, Evbuomwan, Harlem, Gongxeka, Magritha Jv Vuuren, Mitchell, Kaplan, Purbhoo, Khushica, Hoosen, Lakhi, Lizette, Louw, Nico, Malan, Katarina, Milos, Moshe, Modiselle, Stuart, More, Mathava, Naidoo, Leonie, Scholtz, Mboyo Vangu Spain: Santiago Aguadé-Bruix, Isabel, Blanco, Antonio, Cabrera, Alicia, Camarero, Irene, Casáns-Tormo, Hug, Cuellar-Calabria, Albert, Flotats, Maria Eugenia Fuentes Cañamero, María Elia García, Amelia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Rubén, Leta, Javier Lopez Diaz, Luis, Lumbreras, Juan Javier Marquez-Cabeza, Francisco, Martin, Anxo Martinez de Alegria, Francisco, Medina, Maria Pedrera Canal, Virginia, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Juan Ignacio Rayo Madrid, Cristina Rodríguez Rey, Ricardo Ruano Perez, Joaquín, Ruiz, Gertrudis Sabatel Hernández, Ana, Sevilla, Nahla Zeidán Sri Lanka: Damayanthi Nanayakkara, Chandraguptha Udugama Sweden: Magnus Simonsson Switzerland: Hatem Alkadhi, Ronny Ralf Buechel, Peter, Burger, Luca, Ceriani, Bart De Boeck, Christoph, Gräni, Alix Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Kamani, Christel H., Nadine, Kawel-Boehm, Robert, Manka, Prior, John O., Axel, Rominger, Jean-Paul Vallée Thailand: Benjapa Khiewvan, Teerapon, Premprabha, Tanyaluck Thientunyakit Tunisia: Ali Sellem Turkey: Kemal Metin Kir, Haluk Sayman Uganda: Mugisha Julius Sebikali, Zerida Muyinda Ukraine: Yaroslav Kmetyuk, Pavlo, Korol, Olena, Mykhalchenko, Volodymyr, Pliatsek, Maryna Satyr United Arab Emirates: Batool Albalooshi, Mohamed Ismail Ahmed Hassan United Kingdom: Jill Anderson, Punit, Bedi, Thomas, Biggans, Anda, Bularga, Russell, Bull, Rajesh, Burgul, John-Paul, Carpenter, Duncan, Coles, David, Cusack, Aparna, Deshpande, John, Dougan, Timothy, Fairbairn, Alexia, Farrugia, Deepa, Gopalan, Alistair, Gummow, Prasad Guntur Ramkumar, Mark, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Thomas, Hartley, Benjamin, Hudson, Nikhil, Joshi, Michael, Kay, Andrew, Kelion, Azhar, Khokhar, Jamie, Kitt, Ken, Lee, Chen, Low, Sze Mun Mak, Ntouskou, Marousa, Jon, Martin, Elisa, Mcalindon, Leon, Menezes, Gareth, Morgan-Hughes, Alastair, Moss, Anthony, Murray, Edward, Nicol, Dilip, Patel, Charles, Peebles, Francesca, Pugliese, Jonathan Carl Luis Rodrigues, Christopher, Rofe, Nikant, Sabharwal, Rebecca, Schofield, Thomas, Semple, Naveen, Sharma, Peter, Strouhal, Deepak, Subedi, William, Topping, Katharine, Tweed, Jonathan Weir-Mccall United States of America: Suhny Abbara, Taimur, Abbasi, Brian, Abbott, Shady, Abohashem, Sandra, Abramson, Tarek, Al-Abboud, Mouaz, Al-Mallah, Omar, Almousalli, Karthikeyan, Ananthasubramaniam, Mohan Ashok Kumar, Jeffrey, Askew, Lea, Attanasio, Mallory, Balmer-Swain, Bayer, Richard R., Adam, Bernheim, Sabha, Bhatti, Erik, Bieging, Ron, Blankstein, Stephen, Bloom, Sean, Blue, David, Bluemke, Andressa, Borges, Kelley, Branch, Paco, Bravo, Jessica, Brothers, Matthew, Budoff, Renée, Bullock-Palmer, Angela, Burandt, Burke, Floyd W., Kelvin, Bush, Candace, Candela, Elizabeth, Capasso, Joao, Cavalcante, Donald, Chang, Saurav, Chatterjee, Yiannis, Chatzizisis, Michael, Cheezum, Tiffany, Chen, Jennifer, Chen, Marcus, Chen, Andrew, Choi, James, Clarcq, Ayreen, Cordero, Matthew, Crim, Sorin, Danciu, Bruce, Decter, Nimish, Dhruva, Neil, Doherty, Rami, Doukky, Anjori, Dunbar, William, Duvall, Rachael, Edwards, Kerry, Esquitin, Husam, Farah, Emilio, Fentanes, Maros, Ferencik, Daniel, Fisher, Daniel, Fitzpatrick, Cameron, Foster, Tony, Fuisz, Michael, Gannon, Lori, Gastner, Myron, Gerson, Brian, Ghoshhajra, Alan, Goldberg, Brian, Goldner, Jorge, Gonzalez, Rosco, Gore, Sandra, Gracia-López, Fadi, Hage, Agha, Haider, Sofia, Haider, Yasmin, Hamirani, Karen, Hassen, Mallory, Hatfield, Carolyn, Hawkins, Katie, Hawthorne, Nicholas, Heath, Robert, Hendel, Phillip, Hernandez, Gregory, Hill, Stephen, Horgan, Jeff, Huffman, Lynne, Hurwitz, Ami, Iskandrian, Rajesh, Janardhanan, Christine, Jellis, Scott, Jerome, Dinesh, Kalra, Summanther, Kaviratne, Fernando, Kay, Faith, Kelly, Omar, Khalique, Mona, Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl Iii, Jacqueline, Kircher, Rachael, Kirkbride, Michael, Kontos, Anupama, Kottam, Joseph, Krepp, Jay, Layer, Steven, H Lee, Jeffrey, Leppo, John, Lesser, Steve, Leung, Howard, Lewin, Diana, Litmanovich, Yiyan, Liu, Juan, Lopez-Mattei, Kathleen, Magurany, Jeremy, Markowitz, Amanda, Marn, Stephen, E Matis, Michael, Mckenna, Tony, Mcrae, Fernando, Mendoza, Michael, Merhige, David, Min, Chanan, Moffitt, Karen, Moncher, Warren, Moore, Shamil, Morayati, Michael, Morris, Mahmud, Mossa-Basha, Zorana, Mrsic, Venkatesh, Murthy, Prashant, Nagpal, Kyle, Napier, Jagat, Narula, Katarina, Nelson, Prabhjot, Nijjar, Medhat, Osman, Purvi, Parwani, Edward, Passen, Amit, Patel, Pravin, Patil, Ryan, Paul, Lawrence, Phillips, Venkateshwar, Polsani, Rajaram, Poludasu, Brian, Pomerantz, Thomas, Porter, Ryan, Prentice, Amit, Pursnani, Mark, Rabbat, Suresh, Ramamurti, Florence, Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin, Robinson, Kim, Robles, Cesar, Rodríguez, Mark, Rorie, John, Rumberger, Raymond, Russell, Philip, Sabra, Diego, Sadler, Mary, Schemmer, Joseph Schoepf, U., Samir, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Sujata, Shanbhag, Gaurav, Sharma, Steven, Shayani, Jamshid, Shirani, Pushpa, Shivaram, Steven, Sigman, Mitch, Simon, Ahmad, Slim, David, Smith, Alexandra, Smith, Prem, Soman, Aditya, Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James, Streeter, Albert, T, Ahmed, Tawakol, Dustin, Thomas, Randall, Thompson, Tara, Torbet, Desiree, Trinidad, Shawn, Ullery, Samuel, Unzek, Seth, Uretsky, Srikanth, Vallurupalli, Vikas, Verma, Alfonso, Waller, Ellen, Wang, Parker, Ward, Gaby, Weissman, George, Wesbey, Kelly, White, David, Winchester, David, Wolinsky, Sandra, Yost, Michael Zgaljardic Uruguay: Omar Alonso, Mario, Beretta, Rodolfo, Ferrando, Miguel, Kapitan, Fernando Mut Uzbekistan: Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva Vietnam: Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, and Xuan Canh Nguyen
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cardiology, coronavirus, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Transoesophageal echocardiography, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Health care, Stress Echocardiography, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, cardiac investigations, Pandemics, Cardiac imaging, Retrospective Studies, Cardiac investigations, Coronavirus, COVID-19, medicine.diagnostic_test, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Non invasive, cardiac imaging, humans, pandemics, retrospective studies, tomography, x-ray computed, cardiology, Positron emission tomography, Original Article, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Cardiac Diagnostic Procedure
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The INCAPS COVID Oceania study aimed to assess the impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac procedure volume provided in the Oceania region. METHODS: A retrospective survey was performed comparing procedure volumes within March 2019 (pre-COVID-19) with April 2020 (during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic). Sixty-three (63) health care facilities within Oceania that perform cardiac diagnostic procedures were surveyed, including a mixture of metropolitan and regional, hospital and outpatient, public and private sites, and 846 facilities outside of Oceania. The percentage change in procedure volume was measured between March 2019 and April 2020, compared by test type and by facility. RESULTS: In Oceania, the total cardiac diagnostic procedure volume was reduced by 52.2% from March 2019 to April 2020, compared to a reduction of 75.9% seen in the rest of the world (p
Published: 2021
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25. Do prophylactic steroids prevent chemical meningitis in surgery for epidermoid cysts? Case report and literature review

Author: Michael Rodriguez, John Magnussen, Nazih Assaad, Esther Myint, Mary Simons, and Renata Ganko
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Hydrocortisone, Case Report, Epidermoid cyst, Level of evidence, Dexamethasone, law.invention, Intramedullary rod, 03 medical and health sciences, Meningismus, Postoperative fever, Route of administration, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Medicine, business.industry, medicine.disease, Surgery, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Chemical meningitis, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background: Cranial and spinal epidermoid cysts (ECs) are rare and surgical resection can be complicated by chemical meningitis. Here, we treated a patient undergoing surgical resection of an intramedullary spinal EC with prophylactic steroids to help prevent postoperative chemical meningitis. Notably, we found a paucity of evidence regarding the efficacy of steroids used for this purpose. Case Description: A 44-year-old male presented with a rare intramedullary thoracic EC. He was given oral dexamethasone postoperatively and did not subsequently develop chemical meningitis. Here, we reviewed the current literature regarding the efficacy of steroid use for this purpose, utilizing multiple electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and Scopus). We found only three studies (one case report, one case series, and a randomized controlled trial), that involved patients who received steroids. Of the 24 patients given prophylactic steroids, none developed fever or meningismus. One patient received 8 days of oral dexamethasone. Eleven patients received intraoperative hydrocortisone irrigation alone, while final 12 patients received intraoperative hydrocortisone irrigation plus a 3 week postoperative tapering course of oral steroids. Notably, all of the nine patients who did not receive any steroids developed postoperative fever, with 78% demonstrating meningismus. Conclusion: Here is level II evidence that establishes the efficacy of prophylactic steroids utilized in patients undergoing surgery for ECs to prevent postoperative chemical meningitis. Nevertheless, there is still no current consensus regarding either the type of steroid utilized, or the route of administration.
Published: 2020

26. Machine Learning for the Prediction of Molecular Markers in Glioma on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author: Anne Jian, Kevin Jang, Antonio Di Ieva, John Magnussen, Sidong Liu, and Maurizio Manuguerra
Subjects: Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Machine Learning, Glioma, Medical imaging, Medicine, Humans, Radiation treatment planning, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Brain Neoplasms, O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Subtyping, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Systematic review, Meta-analysis, Mutation, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Artificial intelligence, business, computer
Abstract: Background Molecular characterization of glioma has implications for prognosis, treatment planning, and prediction of treatment response. Current histopathology is limited by intratumoral heterogeneity and variability in detection methods. Advances in computational techniques have led to interest in mining quantitative imaging features to noninvasively detect genetic mutations. Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of machine learning (ML) models in molecular subtyping gliomas on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods A systematic search was performed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines to identify studies up to April 1, 2020. Methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2. Diagnostic performance estimates were obtained using a bivariate model and heterogeneity was explored using metaregression. Results Forty-four original articles were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation in training datasets were 0.88 (95% CI 0.83-0.91) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.79-0.91), respectively, and 0.83 to 0.85 in validation sets. Use of data augmentation and MRI sequence type were weakly associated with heterogeneity. Both O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoter methylation and 1p/19q codeletion could be predicted with a pooled sensitivity and specificity between 0.76 and 0.83 in training datasets. Conclusion ML application to preoperative MRI demonstrated promising results for predicting IDH mutation, MGMT methylation, and 1p/19q codeletion in glioma. Optimized ML models could lead to a noninvasive, objective tool that captures molecular information important for clinical decision making. Future studies should use multicenter data, external validation and investigate clinical feasibility of ML models.
Published: 2020

27. General practitioner experiences using a low back pain management booklet aiming to decrease non-indicated imaging for low back pain

Author: Blake F. Dear, Niamh Moloney, Hazel Jenkins, John Magnussen, Mark J. Hancock, Simon D. French, and Christopher G. Maher
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Physical therapy, Medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Low back pain, health care economics and organizations
Abstract: Background Imaging is overused in the management of low back pain and effective interventions to decrease use have not been developed. An intervention, incorporating a low back pain management booklet and practitioner training session, to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain has been developed based on theories of behaviour change. This study aimed to explore general medical practitioner experiences using the low back pain management booklet in clinical practice to 1) determine the adoption, feasibility of use, and appropriateness of the booklet; and 2) identify implementation strategies to address barriers to use.Methods Fourteen general medical practitioners were recruited and trained to use the booklet with low back pain patients over a minimum five-month period. Quantitative data on use of the booklet were collected and analysed descriptively. Qualitative data were collected in general medical practitioner interviews and thematically analysed. Barriers to use were identified and mapped to suitable implementation strategies using the Behaviour Change Wheel. Results The 14 general medical practitioners used the booklet with 73 patients. General medical practitioners thought using the booklet helped improve patient management and helped reduce pressure to refer for non-indicated imaging. Facilitators for using the booklet included patient’s requesting imaging and lower practitioner confidence in managing low back pain. Barriers included accessible storage and remembering to use the booklet. Implementation strategies were identified to increase adoption and feasibility of use, including development of a digital version of the booklet.Conclusions General medical practitioners reported that the low back pain management booklet was useful for clinical practice, particularly with patients requesting imaging. Barriers to use were identified and implementation strategies to address these barriers will be incorporated into future effectiveness studies. This study forms one of a series of studies to develop and test an intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain; a successful intervention would decrease healthcare costs and improve patient management.
Published: 2020
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28. Differentiating Experience From Cue Utilization in Radiological Assessments

Author: Kim M. Curby, John Magnussen, Andrew Georgiou, Ann J. Carrigan, Thomas J. Palmeri, and Mark W. Wiggins
Subjects: Naturalistic decision-making, 05 social sciences, Applied psychology, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Context (language use), Diagnostic accuracy, 050105 experimental psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Radiological weapon, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Industrial and organizational psychology, Cues, Psychology, 050107 human factors, Applied Psychology
Abstract: Objective This research was designed to examine the contribution of self-reported experience and cue utilization to diagnostic accuracy in the context of radiology. Background Within radiology, it is unclear how task-related experience contributes to the acquisition of associations between features with events in memory, or cues, and how they contribute to diagnostic performance. Method Data were collected from 18 trainees and 41 radiologists. The participants completed a radiology edition of the established cue utilization assessment tool EXPERTise 2.0, which provides a measure of cue utilization based on performance on a number of domain-specific tasks. The participants also completed a separate image interpretation task as an independent measure of diagnostic performance. Results Consistent with previous research, a k-means cluster analysis using the data from EXPERTise 2.0 delineated two groups, the pattern of centroids of which reflected higher and lower cue utilization. Controlling for years of experience, participants with higher cue utilization were more accurate on the image interpretation task compared to participants who demonstrated relatively lower cue utilization ( p = .01). Conclusion This study provides support for the role of cue utilization in assessments of radiology images among qualified radiologists. Importantly, it also demonstrates that cue utilization and self-reported years of experience as a radiologist make independent contributions to performance on the radiological diagnostic task. Application Task-related experience, including training, needs to be structured to ensure that learners have the opportunity to acquire feature–event relationships and internalize these associations in the form of cues in memory.
Published: 2020

29. The integration of pharmacology and pathophysiology into locoregional chemotherapy delivery via mass fluid transfer

Author: John Magnussen, Stephen Clarke, Nick Pavlakis, Nyan Y. Khin, Thomas J. Hugh, Kevin Ho-Shon, Rodney J. Lane, and Chris Rogan
Subjects: business.industry, Hemodynamics, Vascular access, Pharmaceutical Science, Antineoplastic Agents, Bioinformatics, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Locoregional chemotherapy, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Delivery Systems, 0302 clinical medicine, Regional Blood Flow, Neoplasms, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Isolation techniques, Humans, Medicine, business
Abstract: The prevailing paradigm of locoregional chemotherapy has been centred around delivering chemotherapy as close to the tumour as possible and in some cases incorporating vascular isolation techniques. Strategically, the development of these techniques has been rudimentary without consideration for the interdependencies between macrovascular manipulation and the microvascular effects. This review focuses on how new capabilities offered by recent advances in vascular access technology could be exploited to facilitate the mass fluid transfer (MFT) of anticancer agents to solid tumours. A haemodynamic model of MFT is proposed using the physical laws of fluid flow, flux, and diffusion that describe the microvascular effects anticancer agents may have upon tumours through the manipulation of macrovascular blood flow control. Finally, the possible applications of this technique for several organs are discussed.
Published: 2018
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30. Imaging for low back pain: is clinical use consistent with guidelines? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: John Magnussen, Hazel Jenkins, Mark J. Hancock, Christopher G. Maher, Aron Downie, and Niamh Moloney
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, MEDLINE, Context (language use), CINAHL, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lumbar, Internal medicine, Medical imaging, Humans, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Referral and Consultation, Lumbar Vertebrae, Primary Health Care, business.industry, Low back pain, Confidence interval, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Meta-analysis, Spinal Diseases, Surgery, Guideline Adherence, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Low Back Pain, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Context The problem of imaging patients with low back pain (LBP) when it is not indicated is well recognized. The converse is also possible, although rarely considered. The extent of these two problems is presently unclear. Purpose This study aimed to estimate how commonly overuse, and also underuse, of imaging occurs in the management of LBP, and how appropriate use of imaging is assessed. Design This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Patient Sample The sample comprised patients with LBP presenting to primary care. Outcome Measures Proportions of inappropriate referral, and inappropriate non-referral, for diagnostic imaging for LBP were the outcome measures. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched from January 1, 1995 to December 17, 2017. Two authors independently assessed study quality and extracted data. Meta-analyses were performed where appropriate, and strength of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Results Thirty-three studies were included. In patients referred for lumbar imaging, 34.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.1, 43.3) were judged inappropriate by the absence of red flags for serious pathology and 31.6% (95% CI: 28.3, 35.1) were judged inappropriate by the criteria of no clinical suspicion of pathology. In patients presenting for care, imaging was inappropriately performed in 27.7% of cases (95% CI: 21.3, 35.1) when judged by duration of episode, 9.0% of cases (95% CI: 7.4, 11.0) when judged by absence of red flags, and 7.0% (95% CI: 1.8, 23.3) when judged by no clinical suspicion of pathology. In patients presenting for care, imaging was not performed where appropriately indicated in 65.6% (95% CI: 51.8, 77.2) of patients who presented with red flags, and 60.8% (95% CI: 42.0, 76.8) with clinical suspicion of serious pathology. Conclusions Inappropriate imaging is common in LBP management, including both overuse in those where imaging is not indicated and underuse of imaging when it is indicated. Appreciating that both underuse and overuse can occur is fundamental to efforts to improve imaging practice to align with current guidelines and best evidence.
Published: 2018
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31. The analysis of Italian Sigillata potters' stamps using Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) and X-ray imaging

Author: John Magnussen and Jaye McKenzie-Clark
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 060102 archaeology, Mineralogy, Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications, Dual-Energy Computed Tomography, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, Northern italy, visual_art, Non destructive, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0601 history and archaeology, Ceramic, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) and conventional X-ray imaging are employed in this study to investigate stamped Italian Sigillata vessels excavated at the Roman site of Carsulae in Umbria, Italy. DECT and conventional X-ray imaging were chosen for this investigation because they are non-destructive techniques, and permission to examine the material was given only on the condition that the ceramics were not physically altered. The study aims to define the composition of the ceramic fabrics and seeks to identify the manufacturing practices employed by Italian Sigillata workshops. The results indicate that although the clays used by Italian Sigillata producers in northern Italy were similar in composition overall, the preparation of clay varied considerably between manufacturing centres and individual potters. Importantly, the investigation also reveals that the composition of the ceramic fabric is not always uniform throughout each vessel. This result holds significant implications for traditional ceramic studies, where samples are routinely removed from specific areas of vessels for conventional compositional analyses.
Published: 2018
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32. Challenges in chemotherapy delivery: comparison of standard chemotherapy delivery to locoregional vascular mass fluid transfer

Author: Rodney J. Lane, John Magnussen, Nick Pavlakis, Nyan Y. Khin, Chris Rogan, Thomas J. Hugh, Stephen Clarke, and Roger L Flekser
Subjects: Oncotic pressure, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_treatment, Ischemia, Antineoplastic Agents, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Delivery Systems, 0302 clinical medicine, Interstitial space, Neoplasms, Tumor Microenvironment, medicine, Humans, Tumor microenvironment, Chemotherapy, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Vascular endothelium, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Blood Vessels, Delivery system, business, Perfusion, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Standard intravenous chemotherapy delivery to neoplasms relies on simple diffusion gradients from the intravascular to the interstitial space. Systemic perfusion creates untoward effects on normal tissue limiting both concentration and exposure times. Regional intra-arterial therapy is limited by drug recirculation and vascular isolation repeatability and does not address the interstitial microenvironment. Barriers to delivery relate to chaotic vascular architecture, heterogeneous fluid flux, increased interstitial and variable solid tumor pressure and ischemia. To address these difficulties, a delivery system was developed allowing mass fluid transfer of chemotherapeutic agents into the interstitium. This implantable, reusable system is comprised of multiple independently steerable balloons and catheters capable of controlling the locoregional hydraulic and oncotic forces across the vascular endothelium.
Published: 2018
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33. Prospective Comparison of Changes in Lumbar Spine MRI Findings over Time between Individuals with Acute Low Back Pain and Controls: An Exploratory Study

Author: Julia M. Hush, John Magnussen, Mark J. Hancock, John Panagopoulos, Tue Secher Jensen, M. Crites-Battie, Christopher G. Maher, and Jeffrey G. Jarvik
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Intervertebral Disc Displacement/diagnostic imaging, Nerve root, Low Back Pain/diagnostic imaging, Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lumbar, Medicine and Health Sciences, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Radiculopathy, Prospective cohort study, Acute low back pain, Radiculopathy/diagnostic imaging, Lumbar Vertebrae, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Low back pain, Spine, Confidence interval, Surgery, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/diagnostic imaging, Female, sense organs, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, Low Back Pain, Intervertebral Disc Displacement, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cohort study
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The clinical importance of lumbar MR imaging findings is unclear. This study was an exploratory investigation of whether lumbar spine MR imaging findings change more commonly during a 12-week period in individuals with acute low back pain compared with pain-free controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty individuals with recent-onset low back pain and 10 pain-free controls were recruited into an exploratory prospective cohort study. All participants had a lumbar spine MR imaging at baseline and repeat MR imaging scans at 1, 2, 6, and 12 weeks. The proportion of individuals who had MR imaging findings that changed during the 12-week period was compared with the same proportion in the controls. RESULTS: In 85% of subjects, we identified a change in at least 1 MR imaging finding during the 12 weeks; however, the proportion was similar in the controls (80%). A change in disc herniation, annular fissure, and nerve root compromise was reported more than twice as commonly in the subjects as in controls (65% versus 30%, 25% versus 10%, and 15% versus 0%, respectively). Caution is required in interpreting these findings due to wide confidence intervals, including no statistical difference. For all other MR imaging findings, the proportions of subjects and controls in whom MR imaging findings were reported to change during 12 weeks were similar. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in MR imaging findings were observed in a similar proportion of the low back pain and control groups, except for herniations, annular fissures, and nerve root compromise, which were twice as common in subjects with low back pain.
Published: 2017
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34. Elevated plasma ferritin in elderly individuals with high neocortical amyloid-β load

Author: Kevin Taddei, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Roger S. Chung, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kathryn Goozee, Prita R. Asih, Candice ManYan, Ashley I. Bush, Preeti Dave, John Magnussen, Ralph N. Martins, John B.J. Kwok, Kaikai Shen, Scott Ayton, Ian James, and Manohar L. Garg
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Apolipoprotein E, medicine.medical_specialty, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Cognitive decline, Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Receiver operating characteristic, C-reactive protein, Area under the curve, medicine.disease, Ferritin, Psychiatry and Mental health, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Transferrin, biology.protein, Alzheimer's disease, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Ferritin, an iron storage and regulation protein, has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, it has not been investigated in preclinical AD, detected by neocortical amyloid-β load (NAL), before cognitive impairment. Cross-sectional analyses were carried out for plasma and serum ferritin in participants in the Kerr Anglican Retirement Village Initiative in Aging Health cohort. Subjects were aged 65-90 years and were categorized into high and low NAL groups via positron emission tomography using a standard uptake value ratio cutoff=1.35. Ferritin was significantly elevated in participants with high NAL compared with those with low NAL, adjusted for covariates age, sex, apolipoprotein E ɛ4 carriage and levels of C-reactive protein (an inflammation marker). Ferritin was also observed to correlate positively with NAL. A receiver operating characteristic curve based on a logistic regression of the same covariates, the base model, distinguished high from low NAL (area under the curve (AUC)=0.766), but was outperformed when plasma ferritin was added to the base model (AUC=0.810), such that at 75% sensitivity, the specificity increased from 62 to 71% on adding ferritin to the base model, indicating that ferritin is a statistically significant additional predictor of NAL over and above the base model. However, ferritin's contribution alone is relatively minor compared with the base model. The current findings suggest that impaired iron mobilization is an early event in AD pathogenesis. Observations from the present study highlight ferritin's potential to contribute to a blood biomarker panel for preclinical AD.
Published: 2017
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35. A Window Into the Whole Story: Temporal Bone Plasmacytoma Presenting With a Mobile Third Window

Author: John Magnussen, G. Michael Halmagyi, Jacob M. Pogson, Elizabeth O Thompson, Rachael L. Taylor, and Miriam S. Welgampola
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Bone Neoplasms, Nystagmus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Vertigo, Temporal bone, medicine, Videonystagmography, Humans, Bone Resorption, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Hearing Loss, Vestibular system, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, Temporal Bone, Head impulse test, Middle Aged, Vestibular Function Tests, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Plasmacytoma, Radiology, Vestibule, Labyrinth, medicine.symptom, business, Respiratory tract
Abstract: A 63-year-old man presented with imbalance when coughing due to a respiratory tract infection. He had a history of multiple myeloma with a plasmacytoma of the left temporal bone. Examination revealed a positive leftward head impulse test, no spontaneous nystagmus, left-beating positional nystagmus, and left-beating Valsalva-induced nystagmus. Videonystagmography, audiology, and comprehensive vestibular function tests revealed a subtotal left peripheral audio-vestibular loss. Temporal bone computed tomography showed an unchanged bony erosion of the left labyrinth from 2 years prior. Vertigo subsided after treatment of the respiratory tract infection. Although no tumor progression was evident, coughing had triggered a preexisting third mobile window to declare itself. Laryngoscope, 131:E966-E969, 2021.
Published: 2019

36. Superior semicircular canal dehiscence presenting with recurrent positional vertigo

Author: Miriam S. Welgampola, John Magnussen, Allison S. Young, Brent McMonagle, and D. V. Pohl
Subjects: Autophony, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Supine position, Labyrinth Diseases, Nystagmus, Audiology, Sitting, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Vertigo, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Semicircular canal, biology, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Semicircular Canals, medicine.anatomical_structure, sense organs, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Tinnitus
Abstract: A 55-year-old man presented to a neuro-otology clinic with a 9-month history of episodic spinning vertigo lasting seconds, triggered by bending forward, lying flat, laughing, or exercising with weights. He noticed fullness in the right ear and unpleasant loudness of his own voice (autophony), without hearing loss or tinnitus. Examination while asymptomatic showed no spontaneous, gaze-evoked or positional nystagmus. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was first considered, and he was offered a pair of home video goggles to self-record episodes.1 Three months later, he returned, reporting frequent positional vertigo. Home videos showed paroxysmal rightward torsional down-beating nystagmus on lying supine from the sitting position (latency: 7.2 seconds, duration: 9.4 seconds, peak slow-phase velocity: 10.3°/s; video 1, figure 1, A and B). Sitting up did not produce nystagmus reversal. We hypothesized that this pattern of nystagmus could be provoked by right superior canal (SC) BPPV or unplugging of an SC dehiscence. However, multiple repositioning maneuvers for right SC BPPV/left posterior canal BPPV were conducted without symptom resolution.
Published: 2019

37. Multidisciplinary discovery of ancient restoration using a rare mud carapace on a mummified individual from late New Kingdom Egypt

Author: Fiona Bertuch, Ronika K. Power, Andrew Jenkinson, Karin Sowada, Geraldine Jacobsen, Alice McClymont, Jacinta Carruthers, John Magnussen, Timothy D. Murphy, Sowada, Karin [0000-0003-4438-9225], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Pigments, Egypt, Ancient, Archaeological record, Social Sciences, Computed tomography, 01 natural sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, Geographical Locations, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Medicine and Health Sciences, Mud, Radiocarbon dating, Tomography, Materials, Musculoskeletal System, History, Ancient, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, Radiology and Imaging, Mineralogy, Radioactive Carbon Dating, Mummification, Archaeology, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Egypt, Anatomy, Geology, Research Article, 010506 paleontology, Asia, Imaging Techniques, Science, Materials Science, Neuroimaging, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Diagnostic Medicine, Optical materials, medicine, Humans, Carapace, Chemical Characterization, Skeleton, Isotope Analysis, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Skull, Radiometric Dating, Biology and Life Sciences, Mummies, Computed Axial Tomography, Archaeological Dating, People and Places, Africa, Earth Sciences, Cranium, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Neck, Neuroscience
Abstract: Funder: Rundle Foundation for Egyptian Archaeology, CT scans of an unnamed mummified adult from Egypt, now in the Chau Chak Wing Museum, University of Sydney (NMR.27.3), reveal it to be fully sheathed in a mud shell or carapace, exposing a mortuary treatment not previously documented in the Egyptian archaeological record. The carapace was placed between layers of linen wrappings thus it was not externally visible. Radiocarbon dating of textile samples provide a range of c.1370-1113 cal BC (95.4% probability), with a median date of 1207 cal BC. When assessed against mummification techniques of the era, the individual is placed in the late 19th-20th Dynasty, at the later end of this date range. Multi-proxy analysis including μ-XRF and Raman spectroscopy of carapace fragments from the head area revealed it to consist of three layers, comprising a thin base layer of mud, coated with a white calcite-based pigment and a red-painted surface of mixed composition. Whether the whole surface of the carapace was painted red is unknown. The carapace was a form of ancient conservation applied subsequent to post-mortem damage to the body, intended to reconfigure the body and enable continued existence of the deceased in the afterlife. The carapace can also be interpreted as a form of elite emulation imitating resin shells found within the wrappings of royal bodies from this period.
Published: 2021
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38. Cerebellar and hindbrain motion in Chiari malformation with and without syringomyelia

Author: Vannessa Leung, Lynne E. Bilston, John Magnussen, and Marcus A. Stoodley
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cerebellum, Hindbrain, Fourth ventricle, Subarachnoid Space, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Superoinferior, Motion, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure, Humans, Medicine, Postoperative Period, Retrospective Studies, Chiari malformation, business.industry, General Medicine, Anatomy, Middle Aged, Decompression, Surgical, medicine.disease, Syringomyelia, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Rhombencephalon, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Cerebrospinal fluid pressure, Subarachnoid space, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of syringomyelia associated with Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is unclear. Theories of pathogenesis suggest the cerebellar tonsils may obstruct CSF flow or alter pressure gradients, or their motion might act as a piston to increase CSF pressure in the spinal subarachnoid space. This study was performed to measure cerebellar tonsillar and hindbrain motion in CM-I and assess the potential contributions to syrinx formation. METHODS Sixty-four CM-I patients and 25 controls were retrospectively selected from a clinical database, and all subjects had undergone cardiac-gated cine balanced fast-field echo MRI. There were a total of 36 preoperative CM-I scans, which consisted of 15 patients with and 21 patients without syringomyelia. Nineteen patients underwent paired pre- and postoperative imaging. Anteroposterior (AP) and superoinferior (SI) movements of the tip of the cerebellar tonsils, obex, fastigium of the fourth ventricle, pontomedullary junction, and cervicomedullary junction were measured. The distance between the fastigium and tip of the tonsils was used to calculate tonsillar tissue strain (Δi/i0). RESULTS CM-I patients had significantly greater cerebellar tonsillar motion in both the AP and SI directions than controls (AP +0.34 mm [+136%], p < 0.001; SI +0.49 mm [+163%], p < 0.001). This motion decreased after posterior fossa decompression (AP −0.20 mm [−33%], p = 0.001; SI −0.29 mm [−36%]; p < 0.001), but remained elevated above control levels (AP +56%, p = 0.021; SI +67%, p = 0.015). Similar trends were seen for all other tracked landmarks. There were no significant differences in the magnitude or timing of motion throughout the hindbrain between CM-I patients with and without syringomyelia. Increased tonsillar tissue strain correlated with Valsalva headaches (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Cerebellar tonsillar motion may be a potential marker of CM-I and may have use in tailoring surgical procedures. The lack of association with syringomyelia suggests that tonsillar motion alone is not the driver of syrinx formation. Tonsillar tissue strain may play a part in the pathophysiology of Valsalva headaches.
Published: 2016
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39. Acute transverse myelitis in COVID-19 infection

Author: Yuen Su, John Magnussen, Jerome Ip, and Chian Chiang Nicholas Chow
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Pneumonia, Viral, Physical examination, Myelitis, Transverse, 030105 genetics & heredity, Hyperreflexia, infectious diseases, Methylprednisolone, Diagnosis, Differential, Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, emergency medicine, White blood cell, medicine, Humans, Glucocorticoids, Pandemics, medicine.diagnostic_test, SARS-CoV-2, Lumbar puncture, Urinary retention, business.industry, neurology, COVID-19, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Spine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acute Transverse Myelitis, Anesthesia, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Acute Disease, medicine.symptom, Coronavirus Infections, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Findings That Shed New Light on the Possible Pathogenesis of a Disease or an Adverse Effect
Abstract: A 60-year-old man presented to hospital with bilateral lower limb weakness, urinary retention and constipation. He had been diagnosed with COVID-19 10 days prior. Clinical examination revealed global weakness, increased tone, hyperreflexia and patchy paresthesia in his lower limbs bilaterally. Preliminary blood tests performed revealed a mildly elevated C reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate but was otherwise unremarkable. MRI scan of his whole spine demonstrated hyperintense T2 signal centrally from T7 to T10, suggestive of acute transverse myelitis. A lumbar puncture showed elevated protein count but normal glucose and white blood cell count. Serological testing for other viruses was negative. His neurological symptoms improved significantly after treatment with intravenous methylprednisone. This case highlights a potential neurological complication of COVID-19 infection.
Published: 2020
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40. Nondestructive Compositional Analysis of Ceramics

Author: John Magnussen and Jaye McKenzie-Clark
Subjects: Materials science, visual_art, Non destructive, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Dual-Energy Computed Tomography, Ceramic, Composite material
Published: 2018
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41. A fabric deformation methodology for the automation of fiber reinforced polymer composite manufacturing

Author: Corey John Magnussen
Subjects: Materials science, Conceptual design, business.industry, Distortion, Schematic, Motion planning, Fibre-reinforced plastic, Deformation (meteorology), Composite material, business, Automation, Tensile testing
Abstract: This thesis presents a new fabric deformation method, referred to as shifting, for the layup of noncrimp fabric (NCF) plies with the intent of creating an automated layup solution. The mathematical model for the new method has been presented to describe the method and provide the ground work for future path planning of an automation solution. Testing has been completed to show that shifting can produce layups with 2 dimensional geometry without generating out-of-plane distortion. Fatigue tensile testing was conducted in order to understand the effect of the shifting method on the properties of composite components. Coupons with constant curvature and varying discrete shift quantities were tested to failure. Results are presented with an equation relating discrete shifting quantities to the fatigue life. This equation also predicts the lifetime of a coupon with continuous shifting. This relationship will be necessary in optimizing the path planning for an automated solution. Finally, a conceptual design and process schematic are presented to show the feasibility of using the shifting method for an automated system.
Published: 2018
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42. Using behaviour change theory and preliminary testing to develop an implementation intervention to reduce imaging for low back pain

Author: Mark J. Hancock, Simon D. French, Blake F. Dear, Hazel Jenkins, Niamh Moloney, John Magnussen, and Christopher G. Maher
Subjects: Adult, Behavior Control, Diagnostic Imaging, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Referral, Psychological intervention, Health informatics, Clinical decision support system, Health administration, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, General Practitioners, Intervention (counseling), Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Referral and Consultation, Aged, Intervention development, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Health Policy, Nursing research, Communication, Low back pain, implementation intervention, lcsh:RA1-1270, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, Physical therapy, Female, business, Behaviour change wheel, Low Back Pain, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Patient education
Abstract: Background Imaging is overused in the management of low back pain (LBP). Interventions designed to decrease non-indicated imaging have predominantly targeted practitioner education alone; however, these are typically ineffective. Barriers to reducing imaging have been identified for both patients and practitioners. Interventions aimed at addressing barriers in both these groups concurrently may be more effective. The Behaviour Change Wheel provides a structured framework for developing implementation interventions to facilitate behavioural change. The aim of this study was to develop an implementation intervention aiming to reduce non-indicated imaging for LBP, by targeting both general medical practitioner (GP) and patient barriers concurrently. Methods The Behaviour Change Wheel was used to identify the behaviours requiring change, and guide initial development of an implementation intervention. Preliminary testing of the intervention was performed with: 1) content review by experts in the field; and 2) qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with 10 GPs and 10 healthcare consumers, to determine barriers and facilitators to successful implementation of the intervention in clinical practice. Results informed further development of the implementation intervention. Results Patient pressure on the GP to order imaging, and the inability of the GP to manage a clinical consult for LBP without imaging, were determined to be the primary behaviours leading to referral for non-indicated imaging. The developed implementation intervention consisted of a purpose-developed clinical resource for GPs to use with patients during a LBP consult, and a GP training session. The implementation intervention was designed to provide GP and patient education, remind GPs of preferred behaviour, provide clinical decision support, and facilitate GP-patient communication. Preliminary testing found experts, GPs, and healthcare consumers were supportive of most aspects of the developed resource, and thought use would likely decrease non-indicated imaging for LBP. Suggestions for improvement of the implementation intervention were incorporated into a final version. Conclusions The developed implementation intervention, aiming to reduce non-indicated imaging for LBP, was informed by behaviour change theory and preliminary testing. Further testing is required to assess feasibility of use in clinical practice, and the effectiveness of the implementation intervention in reducing imaging for LBP, before large-scale implementation can be considered.
Published: 2018

43. Risk factors for a recurrence of low back pain

Author: Chris M. Maher, Chung-Wei Christine Lin, Alejandro Luque-Suarez, Daniel Steffens, John Magnussen, Peter Petocz, and Mark J. Hancock
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Lumbar, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Risk factor, Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Magnetic resonance imaging, Modic changes, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Low back pain, Surgery, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Low Back Pain, Cohort study
Abstract: Background context The clinical importance of lumbar pathology identified on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains unclear. It is plausible that pathology seen on MRI is a risk factor for a recurrence of low back pain (LBP); however, to our knowledge, this has not been investigated by previous studies. Purpose The aim was to investigate whether lumbar pathology, identifiable on MRI, increases the risk of a recurrence of LBP. Study design This was a prospective inception cohort study with 1-year follow-up. Patient sample Seventy-six people who had recovered from an episode of LBP within the previous 3 months were included. Outcome measures The primary outcome was time to recurrence of LBP, which was determined by contacting participants at 2-month intervals for 12 months. Methods All participants underwent a baseline assessment including MRI scan and completion of a questionnaire, which assessed a range of potential risk factors for recurrence. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were reported for the presence of a range of MRI findings. The primary analysis investigated the predictive value of two clinical features (age and number of previous episodes) and six MRI findings (disc degeneration, high intensity zone, Modic changes, disc herniation, facet joint arthrosis, and spondylolisthesis) in a multivariate Cox regression model. We decided a priori that dichotomous predictors with hazard ratios (HRs) of greater than 1.5 or less than 0.67 would be considered potentially clinically important and justify further investigation. Results Of the eight predictors entered into the primary multivariate model, three (disc degeneration, high intensity zone, and number of previous episodes) met our a priori threshold for potential importance. Participants with disc degeneration score greater than or equal to 3 (Pfirrmann scale) had a HR of 1.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42–8.53) compared with those without. Patients with high intensity zone had an HR of 1.84 (95% CI 0.94–3.59) compared with those without. For every additional previous episode, participants had an HR of 1.04 (95% CI 1.02–1.07). Conclusions We identified promising risk factors for a recurrence of LBP, which should be further investigated in larger trials. The findings suggest that pathology seen on MRI plays a potentially important role in recurrence of LBP.
Published: 2015
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44. Greater parallel heterogeneity of airway narrowing and airway closure in asthma measured by high-resolution CT

Author: Norbert Berend, Gregory G. King, Cheryl M. Salome, J. R. Dame Carroll, and John Magnussen
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Spirometry, Supine position, Bronchoconstriction, Respiratory physiology, Bronchial Provocation Tests, Young Adult, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Supine Position, medicine, Humans, Respiratory system, Methacholine Chloride, Asthma, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Respiration, respiratory system, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Anesthesia, Female, Methacholine, Bronchial Hyperreactivity, medicine.symptom, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Airway, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Heterogeneous airway narrowing and closure are characteristics of asthma. However, they have never been quantified by direct measurements of parallel sister airways obtained from image data, and the anatomical basis of these processes remains unknown. Methods Seven normal and nine asthmatic subjects underwent high-resolution CT, before and after methacholine challenge. Mean lumen areas of the entire airways were measured in 28 and 24 parallel sister airway pairs (a pair of airways arising from the same bifurcation) respectively (range 1.0–8.7 mm diameter). Heterogeneous narrowing was defined as the median difference in percentage narrowing between parallel sister airways. Forced oscillatory respiratory resistance (R rs ) and spirometry were measured before and after methacholine challenge conducted while supine. Results The airways of asthmatics were smaller at baseline, and following bronchoconstriction there were similar decreases in FEV 1 , increases in R rs and mean narrowing of airways for asthmatic and non-asthmatic groups. Non-asthmatics required higher doses of methacholine than asthmatics to achieve the same changes. However, parallel heterogeneity (median (IQR) 33% (27–53%) vs 11% (9–18%), p 2 ) were greater in asthmatics versus non-asthmatics. Conclusion We found clear evidence of differences in airway behaviour in the asthmatic group. Asthmatic airways were narrower at baseline and responded to inhaled methacholine by more heterogeneous narrowing of parallel sister airways and greater airway closure.
Published: 2015
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45. Understanding patient beliefs regarding the use of imaging in the management of low back pain

Author: John Magnussen, Hazel Jenkins, Mark J. Hancock, Christopher G. Maher, and Simon D. French
Subjects: Adult, Diagnostic Imaging, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Culture, General Practice, Psychological intervention, Logistic regression, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medical imaging, medicine, Back pain, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomic status, Response rate (survey), Health Services Needs and Demand, Descriptive statistics, business.industry, Australia, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Low back pain, Surgery, Logistic Models, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Physical therapy, population characteristics, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Low Back Pain, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Imaging for low back pain (LBP) remains common despite guidelines recommending against routine imaging. Patient beliefs about imaging may contribute to the problem. This study aimed to quantitatively investigate patient beliefs regarding the need for imaging in managing LBP and to investigate whether personal characteristics, pain characteristics or back pain beliefs are associated with imaging beliefs. Methods A survey was performed of consecutive patients presenting to general medical practitioners in Sydney, Australia. Nine medical clinics were selected across varied socioeconomic regions. Survey questions assessed beliefs about the importance of imaging for LBP, collected demographic information, LBP history and general beliefs about back pain. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse findings. Results Three hundred completed surveys were collected with a 79.6% response rate. The mean age was 44 years and 60.7% of respondents were women. Exactly, 54.3% (95%CI: 48.7–58.9%) believed that imaging was necessary for the best medical care for LBP. Exactly, 48.0% (95%CI: 42.4–53.6%) believed that everyone with LBP should obtain imaging. Increased age, lower education level, non-European or non-Anglo-saxon cultural background, history of previous imaging and Back Beliefs Questionnaire scores were associated with beliefs that imaging was necessary. Conclusion Approximately, half of all patients presenting to a medical doctor consider low back imaging to be necessary. This may have important implications for overutilization of low back imaging investigations. Knowledge of the factors associated with the patient's belief that imaging is necessary may be helpful in designing appropriate interventions to reduce unnecessary imaging for LBP.
Published: 2015
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46. Clinical Applications of Cine Balanced Steady-State Free Precession MRI for the Evaluation of the Subarachnoid Spaces

Author: A.E. Li, M.D. Wilkinson, K.M. McGrillen, Marcus A. Stoodley, and John Magnussen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Precession (mechanical), Sensitivity and Specificity, Subarachnoid Space, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, cardiovascular diseases, Neuroradiology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Steady-State Free Precession MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging, Image Enhancement, medicine.disease, Syringomyelia, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Arachnoid Cysts, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, Subarachnoid space, business
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to review the physiology of normal brain and spinal cord motion in the subarachnoid space, principles of cine balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), clinical applications, and the pitfalls encountered with this technique. The brain and spinal cord are dynamic structures that move with each heartbeat due to transmitted arterial pulse waves. Conventional MRI sequences do not allow anatomic evaluation of the pulsatile movement of the neural structures in the subarachnoid space due to limitations in temporal resolution. Cine bSSFP MRI uses cardiac gating to evaluate dynamically the brain and spinal cord with high contrast and temporal resolution.Cine bSSFP can be used in the evaluation of idiopathic syringomyelia to assess an underlying treatable cause, including arachnoid bands, which are usually not well visualized with conventional MR sequences due to motion artifact. This MRI technique is also useful in the evaluation of intraspinal and intracranial arachnoid cysts and the degree of mass effect on the cord. Other applications include preoperative and postoperative evaluation of Chiari I malformation and the evaluation of lateral ventricular asymmetry. The major limitation of cine bSSFP is the presence of banding artifacts, which can be reduced by shimming and modifying other scan parameters.
Published: 2015
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47. Effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce the use of imaging for low-back pain: a systematic review

Author: Mark J. Hancock, Hazel Jenkins, Christopher G. Maher, Simon D. French, Roger Engel, and John Magnussen
Subjects: Diagnostic Imaging, medicine.medical_specialty, Referral, Reminder Systems, Psychological intervention, MEDLINE, Low-Back Pain, Health Services Misuse, Clinical decision support system, Imaging, Feedback, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Health care, medicine, Humans, Letters, Medical Audit, Primary Health Care, Information Dissemination, business.industry, Research, Health Care Costs, General Medicine, Decision Support Systems, Clinical, Low back pain, Clinical trial, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Emergency medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Low Back Pain
Abstract: Background: Rates of imaging for low-back pain are high and are associated with increased health care costs and radiation exposure as well as potentially poorer patient outcomes. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing the use of imaging for low-back pain. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from the earliest records to June 23, 2014. We included randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials and interrupted time series studies that assessed interventions designed to reduce the use of imaging in any clinical setting, including primary, emergency and specialist care. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We used raw data on imaging rates to calculate summary statistics. Study heterogeneity prevented meta-analysis. Results: A total of 8500 records were identified through the literature search. Of the 54 potentially eligible studies reviewed in full, 7 were included in our review. Clinical decision support involving a modified referral form in a hospital setting reduced imaging by 36.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 33.2% to 40.5%). Targeted reminders to primary care physicians of appropriate indications for imaging reduced referrals for imaging by 22.5% (95% CI 8.4% to 36.8%). Interventions that used practitioner audits and feedback, practitioner education or guideline dissemination did not significantly reduce imaging rates. Lack of power within some of the included studies resulted in lack of statistical significance despite potentially clinically important effects. Interpretation: Clinical decision support in a hospital setting and targeted reminders to primary care doctors were effective interventions in reducing the use of imaging for low-back pain. These are potentially low-cost interventions that would substantially decrease medical expenditures associated with the management of low-back pain.
Published: 2015
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48. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography—How Accurate Is Gemstone Spectrum Imaging Metal Artefact Reduction? Its Application to Orthopedic Metal Implants

Author: Richard Appleyard, Danè Dabirrahmani, and John Magnussen
Subjects: Orthotic Devices, chemistry.chemical_element, Hounsfield scale, Canny edge detector, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Phantoms, Imaging, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications, Cobalt-chrome, Dual-Energy Computed Tomography, Prostheses and Implants, Mars Exploration Program, Orthotic device, chemistry, Metals, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Artifacts, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Nuclear medicine, Algorithms, Titanium, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To assess the accuracy and suitability of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in scanning metals used in orthopedic implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four metal phantoms (Cobalt Chrome, Titanium Grade 5, Stainless Steel 316, and Stainless Steel 630), commonly used materials in orthopedic implants, were scanned by conventional, polychromatic CT as well as Gemstone Spectrum Imaging (GSI) DECT, with and without metal artefact reduction software (MARS). Scans were assessed for artefact based on Hounsfield unit values; and surfaces generated, based on a Canny edge detection algorithm. Two separate metal implants were also scanned and assessed for dimensional accuracy. RESULTS Conventional, polychromatic CT, and GSI DECT (without MARS) scans displayed major beam hardening in the presence of all four metals. The GSI DECT with MARS showed very clear and reproducible boundaries with minimal noise surrounding the metal phantoms. However, geometric analysis found overestimation of the dimensions, volume, and surface area for most of the metal phantoms. Titanium displayed the least artefact, compared to the other metals, in all scan scenarios. CONCLUSIONS Although metal artefact reduction using GSI DECT looks superior to conventional CT, when measured objectively, it was shown to overestimate geometries and skew dimensions. The GSI DECT with MARS should be used with caution, especially when assessing questions of implant shape or wear.
Published: 2015
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49. Spectrobiopsy in neurodiagnostics: the new era

Author: John Magnussen, Antonio Di Ieva, and Changho Choi
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, business.industry, Brain Neoplasms, Biopsy, Neuroimaging, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Medical physics, Neurology (clinical), Neurosurgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroradiology
Published: 2017

50. Pituitary Incidentaloma Found on O-(2-18F-Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine PET

Author: John Magnussen, Mark Wilkinson, Hosen Kiat, David Chung, Geoffrey M. Currie, Marko Trifunovic, Yang Yi Ong, Karin Witte, and Catherine A.B. Saunders
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Adenoma, Pituitary disease, medicine.medical_treatment, 18F-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine, Humans, Medicine, Pituitary Neoplasms, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, Incidental Findings, PET-CT, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, General Medicine, Pet imaging, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, Pituitary Gland, Positron-Emission Tomography, Tyrosine, Female, Radiology, Radiopharmaceuticals, business, Pituitary incidentaloma
Abstract: Although incidental pituitary findings on (18)F-FDG PET are uncommon, there are several reports published in the literature. It is believed that this is the first reporting of incidental pituitary disease found on O-(2-(18)F-fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) PET imaging. The case provides valuable insight into pathogenesis, diagnostic tools, and related pathology. The power of (18)F-FET in differentiating cerebral metastases and recurrence in patients who had previous surgical and radiation therapy is highlighted, and the incremental benefits over MR imaging and (18)F-FDG PET are outlined. The case represents an uncommon finding on MR imaging and (18)F-FDG PET and a rare finding on (18)F-FET PET.
Published: 2014
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